JPH0382881A - Textile fabric having interference color and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a textile fabric having an interference color without using a dye by successively laminating a specific reflective metal film, transparent metal compound film and semitransparent metal film on one side of a textile fabric. CONSTITUTION:A textile fabric obtained by successively vacuum depositing a reflective metal film, a transparent metal compound film and a semitransparent metal film on at least one surface of the textile fabric and heat-treating the films and having an interference color with relationships among the respective film thicknesses expressed by the formulas I to IV (d1 is the film thickness of the semitransparent metal film; d2 is the film thickness of the transparent metal compound film; d3 is the film thickness of the reflective metal film). A material having 50% average value of reflectance, such as Al, Cu, Mg or Au, can be exemplified as the material for the reflective metal film and SiO, SiO2, In2O3, TiO2, etc., having <=25% average value of reflectance can be exemplified as a material for the transparent metal compound. Al, Cu, Ag, Mg, In, etc., having <=25% average value of reflectance can be exemplified as a material for the semitransparent metal film.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a fiber fabric having interference colors and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fiber fabric having a single hue and an interference color of two or more hues without requiring dyeing or coloring based on dope dyeing, and a method for producing the same.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a means of imparting color to fiber fabrics, etc., a common method is to fix organic or inorganic dyes or pigments to the interior or surface of the fibers.

By these means, in order to diversify the colors of colored fabrics, we have developed a method of roughening the fiber surface by plasma treatment (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 15568/1982), and a method of roughening the fiber surface by plasma etching using fine particles. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-163471), a method for providing a scale-like structure that improves shrinkage characteristics (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22804)
．． 2) have been proposed, but all of these merely improve the depth of color based on dyeing or dope dyeing, and do not significantly change the color.

On the other hand, as a method for obtaining iris color, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6115962
There is a publication. In this method, a light reflecting film, a metal compound transparent thin film, or a semi-transparent metal vapor deposition film is laminated on one or both sides of a transparent film 1 or paper, and iris colors, so-called rainbow colors, appear due to the interference colors of light rays.

However, because the surface of the base shrine is flat, the difference between specular reflection and diffuse reflection is several hundred times, and the brightness is 60 times different, so the saturation and gloss vary greatly depending on the viewing angle. Therefore, if the viewing angle deviates even slightly from the position of specular reflection, the brightness of the iris color will be significantly reduced.

Moreover, the average transmittance value of the semi-transparent metal vapor deposited film is 20 to 70.
%, it is difficult to obtain the monochrome phase that is the objective of the present invention.

Furthermore, film or paper has the disadvantage that it is not suitable for clothing because it has no air permeability and is hard.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, it is an object of the present invention to develop colors more vividly than monochromatic and bichromal colors without using dyes that could not be obtained with conventional techniques, or A fiber fabric that, when combined with fibers or dyed fibers, develops a deeper and more vivid color, does not reduce the brightness of the color even when the viewing angle changes, and has an excellent interference color that does not fade at all, and a method for producing the same. It is about providing.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.

(1) A fiber fabric having an interference color, characterized in that a reflective metal film, a transparent metal compound film, and a translucent metal film are sequentially laminated on at least one side of the fiber fabric from the fiber fabric side.

Q) The material of the reflective metal film is AI, Cu, or Ag.

A fiber fabric having an interference color according to (1), which is at least one selected from Mg, Au, Cr, Pe, R, and h.

(3) The material of the transparent metal compound film is SiO, SiO2,
In,,o3. TiO2, In203/5n02,
A fiber fabric having an interference color according to (1), which is at least one selected from Mg F 2 and AI203.

(4) The material of the semi-transparent metal film is Al, Cu, or Ag.

A fiber fabric having an interference color according to (1), which is at least one selected from Mg, In, Cr, Sj, Au, and Au/Pt.

(5) The thicknesses of the reflective metal film, transparent metal compound film, and semi-transparent metal film are the following formulas (I) and (II).

A fiber fabric having an interference color according to any one of (1) to (4), which has the relationship of formula (III) and formula (IV).

4, 50 Å≦d, 10 d2≦7000A...
(I) 50 Å≦d1≦2000 Å (I)・
・・・・・・(II) 400Å≦d2≦500OA・・
・・・・・・・・・ (III) 632500Å...
...(I) ....... (IV) where dl : Thickness of semi-transparent metal film d2 : Thickness of transparent metal compound film d3 : Thickness of reflective metal film (6) The average reflectance R3 of the translucent metal film in the visible light region is 25% or less, the average reflectance R2 of the transparent metal compound film is 30 to 60% or less, and the average reflectance R3 of the transparent metal compound film is 50% or more. A fiber fabric having an interference color according to any one of (1) to (5).

(7) The average transmittance T of the semi-transparent metal film in the visible light region is 75% or more, the average transmittance T of the transparent metal compound film is 40 to 70% or less, the average transmittance T of the transparent metal compound film A fiber fabric having an interference color according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein T3 is 50% or less.

(8) A method for producing a fiber fabric having an interference color, which comprises sequentially depositing a reflective metal film, a transparent metal compound film, and a translucent metal film on at least one side of the fiber fabric from the fiber fabric side, and then heat-treating the film.

(9) The method for producing a fiber fabric having an interference color according to (8), wherein the heat treatment is performed at 130°C or higher.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

Examples of the fiber fabric of the present invention include, in addition to known knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and prepregs in which fibers are arranged.

The fibers constituting these fabrics are preferably long fibers, and in order to increase the brightness, it is preferable to perform calendering.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fiber fabric having an interference color of the present invention includes a reflective metal film 2, a transparent metal compound film 3, and a translucent metal film 4 on at least one side of the fiber fabric J- from the fiber fabric side.
are stacked in sequence.

The materials of the reflective metal film are AI, Cu, Ag, Mg.
.

At least one species selected from Au, Cr, Pe, and Rh is used. These reflective metal films have an average reflectance R3 of 50% or more (preferably 90%) in the visible light region.
% or more), and the transmittance average value T3 is 50% or less.

In addition, the material of the transparent metal compound film is SiO, Sj○2+
In2O3, TiO2, In, 03/5no2.
At least one selected from MgF2 and AI203 is used. These transparent metal compound films have an average reflectance R2 of 30 to 60% in the visible light region and an average transmittance T2 of 40 to 70%.

Furthermore, the materials for the semitransparent metal film include Al, Cu, and Ag.
, Mg, In, Cr, Si, Au, and Au/Pt. These translucent metal films have an average reflectance R1 of 25% in the visible light region.
and the transmittance average value T1 is 75% or more.

The three layers of the reflective metal film, the transparent metal compound film, and the semi-transparent metal film each having the reflectance and transmittance described in 1. have the following film thicknesses of formula (I), formula (II), and formula (III). It is preferable that the relationships of formula and (IV) be satisfied.

450A≦cl, -1-c12≦7000A...
... (r) 50 pieces≦d1≦2000Å・・・・・・
(I)・・・・・・(TI)400Å≦d2≦5000
Å・・・・・・(I)・・・・・・(TIT)632
500Å・・・・・・(I)・・・・・・・・・(I
V) Here, dl: Thickness of semi-transparent metal film d2 Thickness of transparent metal compound film d39 Thickness of reflective metal film In the double series, reflectance means the reflection of light between each film layer. This is the minimum reflectance for the development of interference color and the ratio of reflected light between each layer for high brightness and high chroma.

Therefore, the reflectance average value R1 is the reflectance average value R2,
In order to increase the reflectance power of R3, it is desirable that it be as low as possible, and it has a reflection effect within a range where the reflectance power can be balanced with R2 and R3. Furthermore, it is desirable that the reflectance average value R3 is zero total reflection.

Moreover, the transmittance is a ratio that reduces light absorption in each film layer and transmits incident light to the maximum extent necessary, together with the reflectance of each layer.

Therefore, the transmittance average value T1 is the reflectance average value R2,
In order to increase the reflectance power of R3, it is desirable that it be as high as possible, and the transmittance average value 'r2 should have a transmittance effect within a range where the reflectance power can be balanced with the reflectance average values R2 and R3. have

Further, it is desirable that the transmittance average value R3 is as low as possible in order to increase the reflectance average value R3.

FIG. 3 shows the spectral characteristics of the fiber fabric, showing the relationship between specular reflection and diffuse reflection.

FIG. 4 also shows the spectral characteristics of the film, showing the relationship between specular reflection and diffuse reflection.

In the case of fiber cloth, as shown in FIG. 3, the difference between specular reflection and diffuse reflection is small, and the spread of diffusely reflected light is large.

As shown in FIG. 5, with respect to the incident light, the diffusely reflected light is radially diffusely reflected and spread in an elliptical shape.

In other words, since the fiber surface has a curvature surface as shown in FIG. 7, the reflected light rr2+ r3+
r4 is radially diffused. Moreover, in reality, a large number of incident lights from various angles cause diffuse reflection in an even more complicated manner. Therefore, even if the viewing angle changes, the brightness of the color will not decrease.

On the other hand, in the case of a film, only regular reflection occurs as shown in FIG.

As shown in Fig. 6, this means that the reflection angle for the incident light is 4.
The specular reflection at 5° is strong and there is almost no diffuse reflection.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 8, even if there are many incident lights, the viewing position is the same as each specularly reflected light rl', r2'+r3'+
If there is even a slight deviation from the position r4', the brightness of the color will be significantly reduced.

Therefore, the interference caused by the laminated film of the fiber fabric of the present invention is
As shown in Figure 2, there are roughly three types of interference mechanisms.

1-) Interference due to reflection from the upper layer semi-transparent metal film surface and reflection from the middle layer transparent metal compound film surface (RI and R2) 2) Reflection from the upper layer semi-transparent metal film surface and reflection from the lower layer reflective metal film surface Interference (R1 and R, 3) 3) Interference due to reflection from the transparent metal compound film surface of the middle layer and reflection from the reflective metal film surface of the lower layer (R2 and R3) Of these, interference 1-) is caused by the fact that its reflectance power is It is very small and can be ignored as the interference range is below the visible range.

Furthermore, in the case of interference 2), the reflectance power is small and the interference color is also weak because it is said that the average value of reflectance of the upper semitransparent metal film surface is preferably 10% or less.

On the other hand, in the case of interference 3), since each reflectance power is large, the interference color is also strong.

Therefore, since the interference colors of 1) and 2) above can be ignored, the interference of 3), that is, the independent interference of the reflection from the transparent metal compound film surface of the middle layer and the reflection from the reflective metal film surface of the lower layer (R2 and R
3), it becomes a monochromatic color.

-3 However, when the thickness of the upper semitransparent metal film increases (200 Å or more), a directional two-hue color or more interference color occurs.

In addition, by controlling the transparent metal compound film in the middle layer to a predetermined thickness, it is possible to create desired colors such as blue, green, etc.
It can also develop scales with monochromatic colors of yellow and red. A two-hue color is obtained when the thickness is intermediate between the predetermined thicknesses of each single-hue color.

The three-layer thin film may be applied to the entire surface of the fiber fabric, but it is not necessarily necessary to do so, and it may be applied partially. For example, if the part having the interference color forms a pattern similar to print dyeing, It is also possible to adopt an aspect in which the information is displayed and arranged.

In short, the minimum area of the surface portion where interference color is generated may be an area that allows human vision to recognize the interference color.

In order to improve the durability of color development, it is also effective to coat the surface of the three laminated thin films with a highly transparent protective film having a refractive index close to that of the thin film material84. Such a protective film not only protects the thin film, but also reduces the amount of surface reflected light from the fabric surface, making it possible to further deepen the interference color.

Next, the manufacturing method of the present invention will be described.

First, the fiber fabric is subjected to desired preliminary treatments such as removal of finishing oil by scouring and smoothing of the surface by calendering, and then a thin film is applied to the surface of the fiber fabric.

Specifically, a reflective metal film, a transparent metal compound film, and a semi-transparent metal film are sequentially deposited on one side of the fiber fabric to have predetermined thicknesses.

After vapor deposition, heat treatment at 1.30° C. or higher, more preferably 170° C. or higher results in an oxide film, which improves the film strength and makes the interference color of the fiber cloth more vivid, giving it a metallic luster.

Next, in order to protect the thin film, a protective film may be coated over the thin film as necessary after the vapor deposition heat treatment.

The fiber fabric having interference colors of the present invention can be used in the clothing field such as sportswear, casual wear, stage costumes, pantyhose, tights, shirts, blouses, scarves, ties, ribbons, belts, futon covers, etc.
Curtains, rugs, stage curtains.

Excellent versatility, such as ruts, wrapping ribbons, one-point marks, parasols, bedding such as handbags, interior decoration, and daily miscellaneous goods.

[Example] The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Polyester filament yarn (vertical 50 d x 18 f, weft 75 d x 36 f) was plain woven (vertical 110 x 8
After scouring and finishing the woven fabric (1 strand/inch), a reflective metal film of 800 Å thick was deposited on one side of the woven fabric, and four types were created.

The four types of reflective metal films are each coated with SiO, each with a film thickness of 8.
00A, 100OA, 120OA, and 1500 people were deposited by induction heating vacuum deposition method, and a transparent metal compound film was laminated.

6th iteration, film thickness 800mm, 1.000mm, 1200λ, 1
．． Cu film thickness is 200mm on transparent metal compound film of 500mm
A translucent metal film was laminated by vapor deposition as shown in A.

Thereafter, heat treatment was performed at 170° C. for 2 minutes to increase the strength of the film.

Further, dimethylpolysiloxane silicone was applied as a protective film thereon, and heat treatment was performed at 30° C. for 2 minutes.

As shown in Table 11, the obtained fiber fabric developed an extremely clear monochromatic color due to the optical interference phenomenon.

Table 1 Example 2 Except for Example 1, in which Cu was deposited to a film thickness of 400A as the upper semitransparent metal film, -7 was deposited, protective film laminated, and heat treated under the same conditions as Example 1. .

As shown in Table 2, the obtained fiber fabric developed extremely clear two-tone colors due to the optical interference phenomenon.

Table 2 [Effects of the Invention] The fiber fabric having interference color of the present invention has the following effects.

(1) Monochromatic and dichromatic colors can be obtained freely by light interference phenomenon without using dyes.

(2) It has high brightness and high chroma that cannot be obtained with conventional dyes and pigments, and even when there are more than two hues, each hue is independent and does not darken.

(3) In the case of a film or paper with a flat surface, if the viewing position deviates even slightly from the specular reflection position, the interference color -8 deteriorates significantly, but the fiber fabric with the interference color of the present invention can be used at different viewing angles. Even if the color changes, the brightness of the color will not decrease.

(4) Various interference colors can be produced by adjusting each film thickness and viewing angle.

(5) Vivid metallic luster can be developed by heat treatment.

(6) Does not fade at all.

(7) Furthermore, since it is a fiber fabric, it does not impair the original functions of fibers such as hygroscopicity, breathability and flexibility, making it highly versatile for use in clothing, interior decoration, and industrial materials.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The king diagram is a schematic diagram showing the laminated state of each thin film of the fiber fabric according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of interference due to transmission and reflection of the bacterial membrane laminated on the fiber fabric according to the present invention. Figure 3 shows the spectral characteristics of the fiber fabric, showing the relationship between specular reflection and diffuse reflection. Moreover, FIG. 4 shows the spectral characteristics showing the relationship between specular reflection and diffuse reflection of the film. FIG. 5 is a reflection distribution map of the fiber fabric according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a reflection distribution map of the film. FIG. 7 is a diagram of the reflection mechanism of the fiber fabric. FIG. 8 is a diagram of the reflection mechanism of the film. 18: Fiber fabric 2: Reflective metal film 3: Transparent metal compound film 4: Semi-transparent metal film R: Incident light R, , R2, R3: Reflected light rl + r2+ r3+ r4: Diffuse reflected light T1. T2, T3: Transmitted light di, d2+ ci3: Film thickness

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) A fiber fabric having an interference color, characterized in that a reflective metal film, a transparent metal compound film, and a translucent metal film are sequentially laminated on at least one side of the fiber fabric from the fiber fabric side. (2) The material of the reflective metal film is Al, Cu, Ag, Mg,
The fiber fabric having an interference color according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from Au, Cr, Pe, and Rh. (3) The material of the transparent metal compound film is SiO, SiO_2
, In_2O_3, TiO_2, In_2O_3/Sn
The fiber fabric having an interference color according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from O_2, MgF_2, and Al_2O_3. (4) The material of the semi-transparent metal film is Al, Cu, Ag, Mg
The fiber fabric having an interference color according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from , In, Cr, Si, Au, and Au/Pt. (5) Claim (1) in which the respective film thicknesses of the reflective metal film, the transparent metal compound film, and the semitransparent metal film have the relationships expressed by the following formulas (I), (II), (III), and (IV). ) to (4). A fiber fabric having an interference color according to any one of (4). 450Å≦d_1+d_2≦7000Å・・・・・・(
I) 50Å≦d_1≦2000Å・・・・・・・・・
...(II) 400Å≦d_2≦5000Å・・・・・・
・・・・・・(III) d_3≧500Å・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・(IV) Here, d_1: Thickness of semi-transparent metal film d_2: Thickness of transparent metal compound film d_3・Thickness of reflective metal film (6) The average reflectance value R_1 of the semi-transparent metal film in the visible light region is 25% or less, the average reflectance value R_2 of the transparent metal compound film is 30 to 60%, and the average reflectance value R_3 of the reflective metal film is 50%. A fiber fabric having an interference color according to any one of claims (1) to (5). (7) The average transmittance T_1 of the semi-transparent metal film in the visible light region is 75% or more, the average transmittance T_2 of the transparent metal compound film is 40 to 70%, and the average transmittance T_3 of the reflective metal film is 50%. A fiber fabric having an interference color according to any one of claims (1) to (5) below. (8) A method for producing a fiber fabric having an interference color, which comprises sequentially depositing a reflective metal film, a transparent metal compound film, and a translucent metal film on at least one side of the fiber fabric from the fiber fabric side, and then heat-treating the film. (9) Claim (8) in which the heat treatment is performed at 130°C or higher.
A method for producing a fiber fabric having an interference color as described in .