JPH0378527B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an incinerator specifically for incinerating various plastic wastes such as polyethylene and polypropylene.

[Prior art] Plastic waste usually consists of plastics of various shapes and sizes, and its properties are different from general municipal waste, so when incinerating it in an incinerator, the following There is a problem with this. In other words, when plastic waste is ignited, the burning area rapidly expands and becomes overheated, and the burning area changes all the time, and the amount of air required for the furnace changes accordingly, so the amount of air blown into the furnace is It is difficult to adjust and tends to cause incomplete combustion.

Therefore, the present applicant focused on the above-mentioned problems in the combustion of plastic waste and developed an incinerator that can keep the combustion area of plastic waste constant. The incinerator is divided into a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber by partitioning the inside of the incinerator with a partition wall that opens at the bottom. Plastic waste is melted in the primary combustion chamber and flows into the secondary combustion chamber. The structure is such that a certain amount of molten plastic waste stored in the next combustion chamber is combusted on the bath surface (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-276316).

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However. The above-mentioned plastic waste incinerator does not have any problems when incinerating only plastics, but plastic waste often contains materials other than plastics, such as paper and cloth. When burned, ash is produced, which floats to the surface of the bath of molten plastic waste in the secondary combustion chamber. For this reason, the combustion of the plastic waste is inhibited by the ash, and the combustion area also changes, resulting in the problem that the combustion of the plastic waste becomes incomplete. Even in the above-mentioned incinerator, it would be possible to change the amount of air blown into the furnace in response to changes in the burning area of plastic waste, but this is extremely difficult.

This invention was made in view of the above points, and even if ash is generated when plastic waste is burned, the combustion is not inhibited by the ash and the waste can be completely combusted. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator for plastic waste, which has high combustion efficiency due to sufficient contact between waste and combustion air.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the incinerator of the present invention has a partition wall having an opening at the lower end, which allows primary combustion to melt the plastic waste thrown into the incinerator. In a plastic waste incinerator divided into a combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber for burning molten plastic waste, the floor surface is sloped downward from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, and a A combustion air blowing nozzle is provided toward the floor surface, an incineration ash outlet is provided at the lower end of the secondary combustion chamber, and an opening in the partition wall is provided with an incineration ash outlet.
a sloped floor in the secondary combustion chamber is provided, the opening and closing door regulating the amount of molten plastic waste flowing from the primary combustion chamber through the opening into the secondary combustion chamber; I try to burn it on the surface.

Further, it is preferable that water jackets are provided at appropriate locations in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber.

[Function] According to the incinerator of the present invention, the plastic waste put into the primary combustion chamber combusts a part of the waste in the primary combustion chamber by the combustion heat generated in the secondary combustion chamber. It is softened and melted by The molten plastic waste flows into the secondary combustion chamber from the opening at the lower end of the partition wall along the sloping floor surface, the amount of which is regulated by the opening/closing door. In the secondary combustion chamber, air is blown against the layered molten plastic waste flowing along the floor of the chamber, and the waste is completely combusted. Even if ash is produced during combustion, it flows down along with the molten plastic waste flowing down the sloping floor, so it does not cover the surface of the waste and inhibit combustion. The ash gradually accumulates at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber, but is periodically scraped out from the incineration ash outlet.

In particular, according to the incinerator of the present invention, the amount of molten plastic waste flowing into the secondary combustion chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of opening of the opening using the opening/closing door. Complete combustion of waste can be achieved while keeping the amount of injection constant. The inflow amount of waste may be adjusted, for example, by detecting the combustion temperature of molten plastic waste burned in the secondary combustion chamber and maintaining the combustion temperature within a predetermined range.

According to the incinerator according to claim 2, part of the thermal energy generated in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber is
This can be absorbed by the water in the water jacket, reducing the amount of heat radiated to the outside of the furnace, and at the same time reusing thermal energy.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the incinerator for plastic waste of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an overview of the incinerator, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the incinerator, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the incinerator.

In these figures, the flue 2 is located at the top of the incinerator 1.
The inside of the incinerator 1 is divided into left and right parts at its lower part by a heat-resistant partition wall 3 with excellent thermal conductivity, and is divided into a primary combustion chamber 4 and a secondary combustion chamber 5. A floor surface 4a of the primary combustion chamber 4 and a portion 5a of the floor surface of the secondary combustion chamber 5 are continuously inclined downward from the primary combustion chamber 4 to the secondary combustion chamber 5. The bottom floor surface 5b of the secondary combustion chamber 5 is horizontal. A plastic waste inlet 6 is provided in the upper part of the primary combustion chamber 4 on an extension of the inclined floor 4a, and an opening/closing lid 6a is attached to the inlet 6. The floor surface 5b at the lower end of the secondary combustion chamber 5
An incineration ash outlet 7 is provided on the extension of the incineration ash. An opening 3a is provided at the center of the lower end of the partition wall 3. In addition, the upper part of the partition wall 3 is also opened,
Gas generated within the primary combustion chamber 4 is made to flow into the flue 2.

An opening/closing door 8 is suspended from the opening 3a of the partition wall 3 by a hanging rod 9 so as to be able to move up and down, and by moving the opening/closing door 8 up and down with the hanging rod 9, the degree of opening of the opening 3a can be adjusted. It is set as. Secondary combustion chamber 5
Combustion air blowing nozzles 10, 11, and 12 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the interior, respectively, and the upper nozzle 10 is oriented downward toward the partition wall 3 so that high-temperature flame is blown onto the partition wall 3. , combustion heat is transmitted to the primary combustion chamber 4 via the partition wall 3. Further, the two nozzles 11 and 12 on the lower side are oriented toward the floor surfaces 5a and 5b, respectively, so as to burn the molten plastic waste flowing down along the floor surface 5a and onto the floor surface 5b. be. A combustion air blowing nozzle 13 is also arranged near the upper end of the floor surface 4a in the primary combustion chamber 4, and the direction of the nozzle 13 is
It is facing down to the side. In this embodiment, a heating device 14 is disposed on the floor surface 4a near the opening 3a in the primary combustion chamber 4 to assist in melting the plastic waste as needed.

A water jacket 15 is installed on the top surface of the primary combustion chamber 4.
However, a water jacket 16 is disposed above one side of the secondary combustion chamber 5, respectively.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing an incineration system including the incinerator of the above embodiment.

In the figure, numerals 17, 18, 19 and 20 are blowers for blowing air, and 21 is a blower for the flue 2. 22 is a storage tank, which has a water jacket 16 on the side of the secondary combustion chamber 5 and a circulation pipe 23.
The water heated by the water jacket 15 is circulated to the storage tank 22 so that the high temperature water in the storage tank 22 can be used for other purposes. When incinerating plastic waste that generates toxic gas when incinerated, an exhaust gas treatment device is connected to the flue 2, although not shown.

Next, the manner of use of the incinerator of the above embodiment will be explained.

In FIG. 1, plastic waste to be incinerated is first introduced into the primary combustion chamber 4 through the input port 6.
and set the waste on fire to burn. In this case, it is sufficient to burn only a portion of the waste, since it is sufficient to have enough heat to melt the waste.
Furthermore, since air exists between the waste materials, the amount of air injected from the blow nozzle 13 may be small.

An opening/closing door 8 that closes the opening 3a of the partition wall 3 when the waste in the primary combustion chamber 4 is almost in a molten state.
When it is lifted up via the lifting rod 9, the molten waste A flows into the secondary combustion chamber 5 through the opening 3a along the inclined floor surface 4a.

The molten waste A that has flowed into the secondary combustion chamber 5 flows in a layered manner along a floor surface 5a that is continuous with the floor surface 4a and is sloped, so that when air is blown from the blowing nozzles 10 to 12, it burns up vigorously. In addition,
If the molten waste A does not ignite even after blowing air into it, ignite the molten waste A through the incineration ash outlet 7. In this way, after the molten waste A starts to burn in the secondary combustion chamber 5, the combustion heat generated when the molten waste A burns in the secondary combustion chamber 5 is transmitted to the primary combustion chamber 4, and the primary combustion Since the waste newly introduced into the chamber 4 will be softened and melted, the opening 3 will be closed by the opening/closing door 8.
By simply adjusting the opening degree of a, the molten waste A in the primary combustion chamber 4 naturally flows into the secondary combustion chamber 5 and is completely combusted while flowing on the floor surface 5a. In addition, even if ash is produced during combustion, the ash will be removed from the horizontal floor surface 5b.
Since it accumulates in the water, it is only necessary to scrape it out from the outlet 7 at regular intervals.

In the incinerator of this embodiment, the blowing nozzle 1 is used to burn the molten waste A in the secondary combustion chamber 5.
The amount of air blown in from 0 to 12 is kept constant at a preset amount, and the amount of molten waste A flowing into the secondary combustion chamber 5 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the opening 3a using the opening/closing door 8. By adjusting the molten waste A, the molten waste A is completely combusted. Specifically, the inflow amount of the molten waste A is adjusted by, for example, the upper and lower air blowing nozzles 10 in the secondary combustion chamber 5.
and 12 are equipped with temperature sensors (not shown), and these temperature sensors determine the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 5.
This can be done by detecting the combustion temperature inside and adjusting the opening degree of the opening 3a so that the combustion temperature becomes a predetermined temperature. As a result of an experiment using the incinerator of the above example, the average temperature at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 5 was 650°C.
So that the average temperature at the front, bottom and bottom is around 750℃.
When the inflow amount of molten waste A was adjusted, a state of complete combustion was reached. The plastic waste incinerated in this experiment was mainly polypropylene and polyethylene.

Note that the partition wall 3 may be provided so that its upper end side is slightly inclined toward the primary combustion chamber 4 or the secondary combustion chamber 5.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, the plastic waste incinerator of the present invention has the following effects.

(1) While the molten plastic waste flows in layers on the sloping floor surface in the secondary combustion chamber, air is blown to incinerate it, ensuring that a sufficient amount of air is supplied and the waste is completely combusted. I can do it. Furthermore, even if paper or cloth contained in the waste is burned and ash is produced, the ash accumulates below the sloping floor, and unlike the conventional incinerators mentioned above, the incineration of waste Since it does not interfere with
There is no risk of incomplete combustion.

(2) After the plastic waste is melted in the primary combustion chamber, the amount of molten waste that flows into the secondary combustion chamber is regulated by the opening/closing door for combustion, so the amount of air blown into the secondary combustion chamber can be changed. It is not necessary, the combustion work is easy, and the combustion condition is stable. In addition, the amount of molten waste flowing into the secondary combustion chamber can be adjusted by opening and closing the door, making it easy to control the amount of combustion and quantifying the amount of heat generated, making it possible to effectively utilize the thermal energy generated when incinerating waste. It can be done accurately.

(3) According to the incinerator according to claim 2, a part of the thermal energy generated in the incinerator is absorbed by the water in the water jacket, so the amount of heat radiated to the outside of the incinerator can be reduced. Thermal energy can be reused.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the incinerator for plastic waste of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the incinerator with a part cut away, and Fig. 3 is a partially cut away incinerator. FIG. 4 is a front view of an incineration system including the incinerator of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. 1... Incinerator, 2... Flue, 3... Partition wall, 3a
...Opening, 4...Primary combustion chamber, 4a...Floor surface, 5
... Secondary combustion chamber, 5a, 5b ... Floor, 6 ... Inlet, 7 ... Outlet, 8 ... Opening/closing door, 10, 1
1, 12, 13... air blowing nozzle, 15,
16...Water jacket.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The interior of the incinerator is divided into a primary combustion chamber for melting plastic waste input and a secondary combustion chamber for burning the melted plastic waste, by a partition wall having an opening at the lower end. In a compartmentalized plastic waste incinerator, the floor surface is sloped downward from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, and combustion air blowing nozzles are provided in the secondary combustion chamber toward the floor surface, An incineration ash outlet is provided at the lower end of the secondary combustion chamber, an opening/closing door is provided at the opening in the partition wall, and molten plastic waste flows from the primary combustion chamber into the secondary combustion chamber through the opening. An incinerator for plastic waste, characterized in that the amount of material is adjusted by the opening/closing door, and the material is combusted on an inclined floor surface in a secondary combustion chamber. 2. The plastic waste incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising water jackets at appropriate positions in the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber.