JPH0378140B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A multi-stage comminuting device, more particularly for plastics, polymerides for bitumen modification, PTFE and rubber regenerate, slaughterhouse waste for animal feeds, and so on, in which the material is comminuted between a stator ring (15) and a rotor ring (12) equipped with cutting edges, the stator ring (15) and the rotor ring (12) forming flow ducts (23) between the teeth (24, 27, 30), said flow ducts adjoining one another with a peripheral offset as considered radially, the inner rotor ring and the outer stator ring overlapping in the axial direction, characterized in that the teeth (24, 27, 30) at least of the rotor (12) have flanks (25, 28, 31) which face the running direction (y) and which are undercut in opposition to that direction, the teeth of the middle and outer rotor stages (R 2, R 3) and of the outer stator stage (S 3) have undercut tooth surfaces and the teeth (27, 38) of the rotor and the stator in the overlap zone have an angle (z, z') of 80 degrees or less to the peripheral tangent.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for crushing materials between a rotor ring and a stator ring formed with cutting edges, in particular plastics, polymers for bituminous modification, PTFE and rubber-recycled materials. A multi-stage crushing device for the purpose of the present invention, in which the stator ring and the rotor ring form through-flow passages between the teeth, and these through-flow passages are mutually offset in the circumferential direction when viewed in the radial direction. Regarding equipment.

This type of crushing device has been proposed, for example, by a German utility model.
7819825. This has the disadvantage that an undesirably high heat generation occurs if relatively high throughputs have to be processed. Furthermore, accurate particle size determination is not always achievable.

The object of the invention is to design a multi-stage crushing device of the type in question in such a way that with improved crushing, relatively low heat generation and particle size determination, high efficiencies can be achieved. .

To achieve this task, at least the side faces of the teeth of the rotor which are oriented in the direction of rotation are undercut in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor.

By constructing in this way, a multi-stage crushing device of the type mentioned at the outset is created which has a high utility value. This crushing device is particularly suitable for viscoelastic products. Underneath is a polymer, for example for bituminous modification. The temperature difference between the incoming and outgoing materials is only negligible. For example, 16 in bitumen
% polymer at 180℃, the outlet temperature will be 200℃. The crushing efficiency is significantly increased compared to known devices. The crushing efficiency reaches the emulsion even if there is a gap of 3/10 to 4/10 mm between the stator ring and rotor ring. Also, instead of low temperature range, it is carried out under normal temperature of 20℃~30℃,
This crushing equipment is also very suitable for processing fish into fish paste. The increase in crushing efficiency is due to the blade-shaped flanks of the teeth. Optimal crushing efficiency also occurs if the corresponding side of the stator is undercut. Even if there is only a 0.4mm gap between the rotor ring and stator ring,
The crushed material cannot reach above the tooth surface without being processed. To prevent blockages, the corresponding rotor and stator channels run conically, ie widen outwards.

An advantageous development is that the lateral extensions of the teeth of the inner rotor step and the lateral extensions of the teeth of the central rotor step are oriented towards opposite sides of the rotor axis, and the lateral extensions of the teeth of the outer rotor step are oriented on opposite sides of the rotor axis. can be seen to be oriented radially above the rotor rotation axis. In this way, in cooperation with the oriented sides of the stator step teeth, a shear-like cutting behavior is maintained while increasing the crushing efficiency.

Another advantage can be seen in the axial overlapping of the inner rotor rim and the outer stator rim. With a corresponding orientation of the stator duct and the oriented rotor duct, the mutually opposite teeth of the rotor and the teeth of the stator pass past each other like blades, where relatively long fibers, which are still unbroken, pass by. is definitely captured and divided. In that case, the corresponding cutting angle is
Due to the advantageous alignment of the stator and rotor passages, in particular below 80°.

Finally, an advantageous feature still lies in providing undercut tooth surfaces of the central and outer rotor steps and the outer stator steps. This allows the temperature rise to be further reduced.
The cutting or crushing action is also significantly improved.
When the unfractured particles proceed through a path of so little resistance and reach the next groove with the same periphery, thus reaching the side area of the corresponding tooth.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The crushing device has a pedestal 1 on which a laterally cantilevered rotor housing 2 is arranged, which rotor housing 2 can be closed by a lid 4 which can be pivoted about a vertical axis 3. In the pedestal 1, a rotor shaft 5 is supported by a bearing, which is not shown in detail.

The lid 4 of the rotor housing 2 has a flanged socket 6 for receiving the product to be crushed.
The crushed raw material reaches a collection channel 7 which leads to an outlet-flange socket 8 oriented tangentially to the rotor housing 2 .

A disc-shaped rotor carrier 9 is rotatably and securely keyed to the rotor shaft 5 . This rotor carrier 9 accommodates a rotor ring 12 consisting of an inner and an outer rotor rim 10,11. The outer rotor rim 11 is offset rearwardly by a fixed amount with respect to the inner rotor rim 10 and is arranged concentrically thereto. The end of the rotor shaft 5 that projects beyond the inner rotor rim 10 carries a conical pre-stage 13 , which faces a tall conical bush 14 arranged on the lid 4 . There is. The conical bush 14 extends concentrically to the axis of the flanged socket 6.

The lid 4 is also a carrier for a stator ring 15, which consists of an inner and an outer stator rim 16,17. In that case, the inner and outer stator limbs 16, 17 are arranged axially offset from each other on the carrier disc 18 of the lid 4. The carrier disk 18 adjoins a threaded bush 19 over which the nut 20 moves. A gear 21 meshes with the external teeth. Since the gear 21 can be rotated by the handle 22, the crushing gap x between the rotor ring 12 and the stator ring 15 is thus variable.

Individually, the inner rotor rim 10 has through-flow channels 23 arranged with the same circumferential distribution in the region of the inner rotor step R1, these flow-through channels forming teeth 24 between themselves. In that case, the side surface 25 of the tooth 24 oriented in the direction of rotation y is undercut in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation y of the rotor.
This extension of the side surface 25 is eccentric from the rotor rotation axis. As is clear from FIG. 4, the through-flow passage 23 widens from the inside toward the outside. 1st
According to FIG. 0, it can be seen that the base 23' of the rotor channel 23 runs in an arcuate manner and adjoins its end at the level of the crushing gap x.

The inner rotor step R1 has an intermediate rotor step R1.
2 are connected by an inner rotary rim 10. Rotor passages 26 are likewise formed in this rotor step R2, and these rotor passages form teeth 27, the flanks 28 of which are undercut. The extension of this side surface 28 is oriented toward the opposite side of the rotor rotational axis, opposite to the extension of the tooth side 25 of the inner rotor step R1. The tooth surfaces of these teeth 27 are
In particular, it has an undercut 27' which is clearly visible in FIG. The bottom 26' of the rotor groove 26 is the crushing gap x
Starting from , it runs arcuately to approximately the center of the inner rotor rim 10 and ends there at the level of the end face of the outer rotor rim 11 directed toward the crushing gap x. The outer rotor rim 11 is formed with radially oriented through passages 29 which leave teeth 30 between themselves. The side faces 31 of the teeth 30 oriented in the direction of rotation y are likewise undercut in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor. Furthermore, the tooth surface has an undercut 30'. In all three teeth 24, 27, 30 which are arranged one after the other in the radial direction,
An undercut is achieved by correspondingly beveled through passages. The bottom 29' of the through-flow channel 29 runs arcuate in its end region;
It ends at the height of the crushing gap x.

As is clear from FIG. 4, the number of through passages 26 in the central rotor step R2 and the through passages in the outer rotor step R3 are greater than the number of through passages 23 in the inner rotor step R1, and When viewed in the radial direction, they are offset from each other in the circumferential direction and border each other.

An inner stator rim 16 extends opposite the inner rotor rim 10 . Starting from its end face directed towards the crushing gap x, through-flow channels 32 are arranged with the same circumferential distribution, and
2 forming teeth 33 between themselves. Its side surface 35 is likewise formed with an undercut, and the through-flow channel 32 is formed by corresponding machining. The extension of the flank 35 of the tooth likewise runs eccentrically from the rotor axis. However, the side surface 35 exists at a different angle from the side surface 25 of the tooth 24 of the first rotor step R1 with respect to the rotor axis. Teeth 33 extend above the first stator step S1. The bottom 32' of the stator channel 32 runs arcuately in the outward direction and terminates at the level of the crushing gap x at the outer periphery of the stator rim.

The teeth 33 have undercuts 36 for better entry of the product into the area of the stator and rotor.

The outer stator rim 17 surrounding the inner stator rim 16 includes a central stator step S2 and an outer stator step S3. In the central stator step S2,
Through-flow channels 37 are provided which are arranged with the same circumferential distribution. These through-flow passages 37 are the through-flow passages 3
2, and is arranged circumferentially offset from this. Through-flow passage 37 allows tooth 3
8 is formed, the tooth side 39 of which has a through-flow passage 37
It is undercut by arranging it at an angle. An extension of the side surface 39 runs eccentrically from the rotor axis. The bottom 37' of this channel 37 is arched and ends at the level of the end face directed toward the crushing gap x. In that case, the outflow end is the opposite through passage 29 of the outer rotor step R3.
It extends approximately through the center of the

In the radially connected stator step S3, flow passages 40 are present with the same circumferential distribution. The through-flow channels 40 directly form teeth 41 between themselves, and their side surfaces 42 are undercut by the oblique arrangement of the through-flow channels 40. An extension of the side surface 42 runs eccentrically from the rotor axis. Its extension is oriented opposite to the extension of the side surface 39 on the opposite side of the rotor axis. These through-flow channels 40 are formed with a smaller cross section than the through-flow channels 37. Passage bottom 4
0' is the stator rim 1 directed towards the crushing gap x
It runs in an arch shape starting from the end face of 7 and ending on the circumferential side thereof. Furthermore, the tooth 41 is formed with an undercut 41' (compare especially with FIG. 8).

As is clear from the description in FIG. 11, the teeth 27 of the central rotor step R2 have an angle z equal to or smaller than 80. The opposing angle z' of the teeth 38 of the central stator step S2 likewise encloses such an angle. In this range, the outer stator rim 17
and the inner rotor rim 10 overlap each other, so
The blade-like movement of the teeth 27, 38 past each other ensures that the product passing over the overlap is severed, and in particular it occurs then that relatively long fibers are severed.

The action is as follows. The product to be crushed is fed into the flanged socket 6. The product then reaches the area of the front stage 13 and rolls from there in the direction of the crushing gap x between the rotor ring 12 and the stator ring 15. From here the product runs back and forth in a zigzag direction through the through-flow channels 23, 32, 26, 37, 29 and 40 and reaches, by centrifugal force, a collection channel 7 from which the crushed product is transferred to an outlet flanged socket 8. flows to During this zigzag movement, each crushed material crosses the crushing gap,
It is then captured by the blade-like side of the tooth. The advantageous orientation of the flanks of the teeth results in a shear-like cutting, which helps improve the fracture. Therefore, little heat is generated. The fracture grade can then be determined very accurately. The crushing grade can be carried out up to the emulsion with corresponding crushing gaps and conditions of teeth and flow channels.

All novel features mentioned in the specification and shown in the drawings constitute essential parts of the invention, even if not expressly required in the claims.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a diagram of the crushing device, Figure 2 is a front view of the crusher, Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the crusher in the area of the stator ring and rotor ring, and Figure 4 is approximately the actual size. A diagram of the part of the rotor shown in
Figure 5 is a partial plan view and partial longitudinal section of the outer rotor step, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the inner and central rotor steps, and Figure 7 is approximately the actual size. FIG. 8 is a partially plan view and partially sectional view of the outer stator rim; FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line - of FIG. 7; FIG. FIG. 11 shows an axial section of the stator and rotor approximately to scale, and FIG. 11 partially shows the inner rotor rim in rear view and the outer stator rim in front view. 12...Rotor ring, 15...Stator ring, 23, 26, 29, 32, 37, 40...Through flow passage, 24, 27, 30...Rotor tooth, 2
5, 28, 31...Side surface of rotor teeth, y...rotor rotation direction.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Materials are crushed between a rotor ring and a stator ring formed with cutting edges, in particular plastics, polymers for bitumin modification, PTFE and rubber - recycled materials, carcass for animal feed. A multi-stage crushing device for
In a multi-stage crushing device in which the stator ring and the rotor ring form through-flow passages between the teeth, and these through-flow passages are mutually offset in the circumferential direction when viewed in the radial direction, at least the teeth ( A crushing device characterized in that the side surfaces 25, 28, 31 of the rotor 12 (24, 27 or 30) oriented in the rotational direction y are undercut in the direction opposite to the rotational direction y of the rotor 12. 2. The extension of the side surface 25 of the tooth 24 of the inner rotor step R1 and the extension of the side surface of the tooth of the central rotor step R2 are oriented toward opposite sides of the rotor axis, and the extension of the side surface of the tooth of the outer rotor step R3 is The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device is oriented radially toward the rotational axis of the rotor. 3 Inner rotor rim 10 and outer stator rim 17
The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing devices overlap in the axial direction. 4. A crushing device according to claim 1, having undercut tooth surfaces of the central and outer rotor steps (R2 and R3) and the outer stator step S3.