JPH0373832A - Instrument for measuring water content of wood - Google Patents

Instrument for measuring water content of wood

Info

Publication number
JPH0373832A
JPH0373832A JP21043389A JP21043389A JPH0373832A JP H0373832 A JPH0373832 A JP H0373832A JP 21043389 A JP21043389 A JP 21043389A JP 21043389 A JP21043389 A JP 21043389A JP H0373832 A JPH0373832 A JP H0373832A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
wood
moisture content
microwave
antenna
measuring instrument
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP21043389A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yorihiko Maeno
前野 頼彦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DAIPOOLE KK
Dipole Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
DAIPOOLE KK
Dipole Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DAIPOOLE KK, Dipole Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical DAIPOOLE KK
Priority to JP21043389A priority Critical patent/JPH0373832A/en
Publication of JPH0373832A publication Critical patent/JPH0373832A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately measure the water contents of wood by measuring a change in resonance characteristics due to the absorption of microwaves leaked from a slot into the wood. CONSTITUTION:The wood water content measuring instrument 6 is formed by a microwave cavity resonator forming the slot 7 on the upper face of a metallic closed rectangular parallelopiped and a pair of antennas 8 on its sides. In order to drive the measuring instrument 6, a control signal from a CPU 14 is converted into an analog signal by a D/A converter 12, the tuning voltage of a voltage tuning oscillator 11 is sweeped by the analog signal, and a microwave from the oscillator 11 is applied to one antenna 8 through an isolator 10 and a directional coupler 9. The microwave resonance characteristics of the measuring instrument 6 detected from the other antenna 8 by a detector 16 is converted into a digital signal by an A/D converter 15 and the digital signal is applied to the CPU 14. The microwave applied to the measuring instrument 6 is detected from the directional coupler 9 by a detector 17 and applied to the A/D converter 15 and the microwave resonance characteristics are plotted by an X-Y plotter 13.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、木材の水分量を正確に測定できる木材水分量
測定器に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a wood moisture content meter that can accurately measure the moisture content of wood.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

製材産業分野に於て、木材の水分量を正確に測定するこ
とは極めて重要なことである。何故ならば、乾燥が不十
分な木材を家屋に使用すると、時間と共にその木材が乾
燥して体積が縮小し、その結果、家の一部、例えば床、
が変形してしまうと言う問題が発生するからである。そ
のため、出荷する際の製材は、その水分量を一定値、例
えは19%以下とするように決められている。
In the lumber industry, it is extremely important to accurately measure the moisture content of wood. This is because if insufficiently dried wood is used in a house, the wood will dry out over time and its volume will shrink, resulting in damage to parts of the house, such as the floor,
This is because the problem of deformation occurs. Therefore, the moisture content of sawn lumber for shipping is determined to be a certain value, for example, 19% or less.

例えば、檜の場合、伐採直後の水分量は40〜50%で
あるが、2週間放置するとそれは17%程度に減少する
。一方、杉は伐採後3週間程度では充分に乾燥せず、例
え表面の水分量が上記規定値以下となっていても、内部
では未だに高水分量を保持している場合が多い。従って
、規格にあった製材を出荷するためには、表面の水分量
のみならず、年輪方向の水分量の分布(水分グレーダ)
をも正確に測定する事が望まれている。
For example, in the case of Japanese cypress, the moisture content is 40 to 50% immediately after being felled, but this decreases to about 17% after being left for two weeks. On the other hand, cedar does not dry sufficiently for about three weeks after being felled, and even if the moisture content on the surface is below the above specified value, it often still retains a high moisture content inside. Therefore, in order to ship lumber that meets the specifications, it is necessary not only to measure the moisture content on the surface, but also to determine the distribution of moisture content in the direction of the annual rings (moisture grader).
It is also desired to measure accurately.

従来から使用されている木材の水分量の測定方法には、
高周波方式と直流抵抗方式がある。
Traditionally used methods for measuring the moisture content of wood include:
There are high frequency method and DC resistance method.

高周波方式とは、第6図に示されるように、木材lの側
辺に高周波木材水分計2の高周波電極3を設置して高周
波を照射し、高周波の減衰量から木材lの誘電率を測定
し、これによりその水分量を得るものである。
As shown in Figure 6, the high frequency method is to install the high frequency electrode 3 of the high frequency wood moisture meter 2 on the side of the wood l, irradiate high frequency waves, and measure the dielectric constant of the wood l from the amount of attenuation of the high frequency waves. This is how the amount of water is obtained.

直流抵抗方式とは、2本の電極の間に直流電圧を印加し
その抵抗外を測定して木材の水分量を測定するもので、
第7図の様に2本の釘4を木材lの奥深くまで打ち込ん
で抵抗を測定する場合と、第8図の様に木材lの表面に
2本の針5を接触させて抵抗を測定する場合がある。
The DC resistance method is a method that applies a DC voltage between two electrodes and measures the outside of that resistance to measure the moisture content of the wood.
As shown in Figure 7, the resistance is measured by driving two nails 4 deep into the wood l, and the resistance is measured by bringing two needles 5 into contact with the surface of the wood l as shown in Figure 8. There are cases.

の幅)を順時に測定して水分グレーダを得ると言うよう
な事は不可能である。また、この方式は、測定値が木材
の比重に依存するため、測定の度にその木材の比重を知
っておく必要がある。
It is impossible to obtain a moisture grader by sequentially measuring the width of Furthermore, in this method, since the measured value depends on the specific gravity of the wood, it is necessary to know the specific gravity of the wood each time a measurement is made.

第7図に示す直流抵抗方式の場合には、木材に釘4を打
ち込まなければならないので、測定に使用した部分は商
品としては使用出来なくなる。
In the case of the DC resistance method shown in FIG. 7, nails 4 must be driven into the wood, so the part used for measurement cannot be used as a product.

第8図に示す直流抵抗方式の場合、針5と木材lの接触
抵抗が大きいのでその測定値は極めて不正確である。ま
た、木材の表面に関する水分量しか得られない。
In the case of the DC resistance method shown in FIG. 8, the measured value is extremely inaccurate because the contact resistance between the needle 5 and the wood l is large. Also, only the moisture content related to the surface of the wood can be obtained.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 第6図に示す高周波測定方式は、幅数Cl11の高周波
電極3を用いる必要があるので、その幅より狭い領域の
水分量を測定することは出来ない。またこの方法は、木
材の表面部分を測定しているのみであるので、木材の中
心部の水分量を測定する事は出来ない。さらに、この方
法は広い部分の水分量しか測定できないので、狭い領域
(例えば数mm以下〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 本発明は、少なくとも1本のアンテナを一面に有し、他
のガ面にスロットを有する直方体のマイクロ波空洞共振
器からなる木材水分量測定器を提供することによって、
前記問題点を解決したものである。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The high-frequency measurement method shown in FIG. 6 requires the use of the high-frequency electrode 3 with a width number Cl11, so it is not possible to measure the moisture content in an area narrower than the width. Furthermore, since this method only measures the surface portion of the wood, it is not possible to measure the moisture content in the center of the wood. Furthermore, since this method can only measure the moisture content in a wide area, the present invention has at least one antenna on one surface, and other By providing a wood moisture content measuring device consisting of a rectangular parallelepiped microwave cavity resonator with slots in the surface,
This solves the above problem.

また、少なくとも1本のアンテナを一面に有し、爬の 旋記面に岸齢李希看宅スロットを有する直方体のマイク
ロ波空洞共振器を、前記スロットを同一方向に向けた状
態で複数個並置させた木材水分量測定器によって、木材
の水分グレーダを測定することを可能にした。
In addition, a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped microwave cavity resonators having at least one antenna on one side and a slot on the rotation surface of the rotor are arranged side by side with the slots facing in the same direction. The wood moisture content meter made possible to measure the moisture content grader of wood.

〔作用〕[Effect]

本発明の木材水分量測定器は、スロットを設けたマイク
ロ波空洞共振器を用いており、スロットからリークする
マイクロ波が木材によって吸収される事による共振特性
の変化を測定することによって、その木材の水分量を測
定するものである。
The wood moisture content meter of the present invention uses a microwave cavity resonator provided with slots, and measures the change in resonance characteristics caused by the microwaves leaking from the slots being absorbed by the wood. It measures the moisture content of

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第1図は、本発明の木材水分量測定器6を示す。 FIG. 1 shows a wood moisture content meter 6 of the present invention.

これは金属製の閉じた直方体の上面にスロット7を設け
、その側面にtaのアンテナ8を設けたマイクロ波空洞
共振器である。各辺の内側での寸法は、a:34mn+
、b:90mm、、c:72mmである。一対のアンテ
ナ8が、面積の大きい面に取り付けられている。スロッ
ト7の大きさは、56mm X 4mmである。
This is a microwave cavity resonator in which a slot 7 is provided on the top surface of a closed rectangular parallelepiped made of metal, and a TA antenna 8 is provided on the side surface of the slot 7. The inside dimensions of each side are a: 34mm+
, b: 90 mm, , c: 72 mm. A pair of antennas 8 are attached to a large area surface. The size of the slot 7 is 56 mm x 4 mm.

第2図は、第1図の木材水分量測定器6を動作させるた
めの回路図を示している。CPU14のコントロール信
号は、ディジタル・アナログ・コンバータ12によって
アナログ信号に変換され、この信号により電圧同調発振
器11のチューニング電圧が掃引される。電圧同調発振
器11からのマイクロ波は、アイソレータ10および方
向性結合器9を介して一方のアンテナ8に与えられる。
FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram for operating the wood moisture content measuring instrument 6 of FIG. The control signal of the CPU 14 is converted into an analog signal by the digital-to-analog converter 12, and the tuning voltage of the voltage-tuned oscillator 11 is swept by this signal. Microwaves from voltage-tuned oscillator 11 are applied to one antenna 8 via isolator 10 and directional coupler 9.

掃引されるマイクロ波の周波数帯域は、2.4−3.5
Gtlzである。他方のアンテナ8から検出器16によ
って検出された木材水分量測定器60マイクロ波共振特
性は、アナログ・ディジタル・コンバータ15によって
ディジタル信号に変換されてCPU14に与えられる。
The frequency band of the microwave to be swept is 2.4-3.5
It's Gtlz. The microwave resonance characteristics of the wood moisture meter 60 detected by the detector 16 from the other antenna 8 are converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 15 and provided to the CPU 14 .

木材水分量測定器6に与えられるマイクロ波が方向性結
合器9から検出器17によって検出され、アナログ・デ
ィジタル・コンバータ15に与えられる。CPU14に
接続されているX−Yプロッタ13によって、マイクロ
波共振特性が画かれる。
Microwaves applied to the wood moisture content measuring device 6 are detected by a detector 17 from the directional coupler 9 and applied to an analog-to-digital converter 15. Microwave resonance characteristics are plotted by an X-Y plotter 13 connected to the CPU 14.

第3図により、本発明の木材水分量測定器による水分量
の測定原理を説明する。先ず、木材水分量測定器のスロ
ット7に何も存在しない場合の共振特性を測定する。こ
の時の共振特性曲線■の周波数はf+で、共振ピーク電
圧はVtであるとする。次に、木材水分量測定器のスロ
ット7を木材の測定しようとする部位に当てて共振特性
を測定する。この場合、スロット7からリークしたマイ
クロ波は木材により吸収されるので、その吸収特性は第
3図のnn線Hの様になる。この曲線Hの共振周波数を
f2、共振ピーク電圧を■?とする。木材の単位体積当
りの重量および水分量を、各々、Xおよびyとすると、
共振周波数のシフトfftVt=h−f+および共振ピ
ーク電圧のシフ) ffi Vo=V+−V2とx、y
との関係は次式のようになる。
The principle of measuring moisture content using the wood moisture content meter of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. First, the resonance characteristics when nothing is present in the slot 7 of the wood moisture content measuring device are measured. It is assumed that the frequency of the resonance characteristic curve (2) at this time is f+, and the resonance peak voltage is Vt. Next, the slot 7 of the wood moisture meter is applied to the portion of the wood to be measured, and the resonance characteristics are measured. In this case, the microwaves leaking from the slot 7 are absorbed by the wood, so the absorption characteristic becomes like the nn line H in FIG. 3. The resonance frequency of this curve H is f2, and the resonance peak voltage is ■? shall be. If the weight and moisture content per unit volume of wood are X and y, respectively,
Shift in resonant frequencyfftVt=h-f+ and shift in resonant peak voltage) ffi Vo=V+-V2 and x, y
The relationship is as follows.

Vt=ax+by     (1) Ve =cx+dy     (2) 単位体積当りの重量および水分量が既知の木材について
、VtおよびvlIを測定する事によって、定数a、b
、c、dを決める事が出来る。この様にして定数の決ま
った方程式(1)、(2)によって、重量および水分量
が未知の木材について測定した共振周波数のシフト蚤v
tおよび共振ピーク電圧のシフトflVeから、当該木
材の重ff1xおよび水分子lyを得ることが出来る。
Vt=ax+by (1) Ve=cx+dy (2) By measuring Vt and vlI for wood whose weight and water content per unit volume are known, constants a and b can be determined.
, c, and d can be determined. In this way, by using equations (1) and (2) with fixed constants, the resonant frequency of the wood whose weight and moisture content are unknown is shifted.
From t and the shift flVe of the resonance peak voltage, the weight ff1x and water molecules ly of the wood can be obtained.

この木材水分量測定器を用いて実際に得られた測定値を
第4図に基づいて説明する。+th線a、b、c、dは
、各々、−辺が12cmの角材の中心部から周辺部に取
った4点に木材水分量測定器のスロットを置いて測定し
たマイクロ波の共振特性である。曲線eは、スロットを
木材から離した状B(つまり空気しか存在しない状態)
で測定した共振特性である。この量線の共振周波数は、
2.76GHzである。曲線eと曲線aの共振周波数の
差は、5M1lzである。木材の端から中心部に向かう
に連れて、曲線dから曲線aへと共振ピーク値が減少し
ており、木材の水分量が増加していることが判る。
Measured values actually obtained using this wood moisture content measuring device will be explained based on FIG. 4. The +th lines a, b, c, and d are the microwave resonance characteristics measured by placing the slot of a wood moisture meter at four points taken from the center to the periphery of a square lumber with a - side of 12 cm. . Curve e is the state B where the slot is separated from the wood (in other words, the state where only air exists)
This is the resonance characteristic measured by . The resonant frequency of this dose line is
It is 2.76GHz. The difference in resonance frequency between curve e and curve a is 5M1lz. It can be seen that the resonance peak value decreases from the curve d to the curve a from the edge of the wood toward the center, indicating that the moisture content of the wood increases.

次に、第5図によって、水分グレーダを瞬時に測定する
ことが可能である本発明の木材水分量測定器の変型例を
説明する。この測定器は、第1図の木材水分量測定器6
を複数個(例えば10個)間隔を明けて並置させである
。この際、これらの木材水分量測定器を、それらの縦方
向の位置をずらして、アンテナ以外の部分で隣同士接触
させ、木材の切口からみて斜め方向に配置させることも
可能である。各アンテナ8には、各々電圧制御発振器を
接続させるか、1個の電圧制御発振器の出力をIO分割
器によって分割することによって、マイクロ波が与えら
れる。他方の各アンテナ8には検出器が接続されていて
、各検出器の出力を電子的に走査することによって、1
0個の木材水分量測定器の共振特性が瞬時に得られる。
Next, with reference to FIG. 5, a modified example of the wood moisture content meter of the present invention, which is capable of instantaneously measuring moisture grader, will be described. This measuring device is the wood moisture content measuring device 6 in Fig. 1.
A plurality of (for example, 10) are arranged side by side at intervals. At this time, it is also possible to shift these wood moisture content measuring devices in the vertical direction so that they are in contact with each other at a portion other than the antenna, and to arrange them diagonally when viewed from the cut surface of the wood. Microwaves are applied to each antenna 8 by connecting a voltage controlled oscillator to each antenna or by dividing the output of one voltage controlled oscillator using an IO divider. A detector is connected to each of the other antennas 8, and by electronically scanning the output of each detector, one
The resonance characteristics of 0 wood moisture content measuring devices can be obtained instantly.

この様にして、従来のように水分測定器を順次移動させ
る事なく、測定したい面の水分グレーダを得ることが出
来る。
In this way, the moisture grader of the surface to be measured can be obtained without sequentially moving the moisture measuring device as in the conventional method.

以上の説明では、2本のアンテナによって吸収による共
振特性を測定していたが、1本のアンテナによって反射
による共振特性を測定することも可能である。
In the above description, the resonance characteristics due to absorption were measured using two antennas, but it is also possible to measure the resonance characteristics due to reflection using one antenna.

■従来の水分量測定方式に比較して、本発明のそれはマ
イクロ波の共鳴吸収を利用しているので、その測定精度
が格段に向上した。
■Compared to conventional moisture content measurement methods, the method of the present invention uses resonance absorption of microwaves, so its measurement accuracy has been significantly improved.

■また、スロット幅に相当する部分の水分が測定できる
ので、より微小な領域の測定が可能となった。
■Also, since moisture can be measured in a portion corresponding to the width of the slot, it has become possible to measure even smaller areas.

■従来の様に測定しようとする木材に釘を打ち込む必要
が無いので、測定の終わった木材の商品価値は何等損な
われる事がない。
■Unlike conventional methods, there is no need to drive nails into the wood to be measured, so the commercial value of the wood after measurement is not impaired in any way.

■複数個の木材水分量測定器を併置させることによって
、水分グレーダを容易にかつ正確に測定することが出来
る。
■ By placing multiple wood moisture content measuring devices side by side, moisture grader can easily and accurately measure moisture content.

■木材の水分量のみならず、単位体積当りの重量も同時
に測定できる。従って、従来の高周波木材水分計の様に
木材の比重を別に測定しておく必要は存在しない。
■Not only the moisture content of wood but also the weight per unit volume can be measured at the same time. Therefore, there is no need to separately measure the specific gravity of wood as with conventional high-frequency wood moisture meters.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明の木材水分量測定器には次の様な効果が認められ
る。
The wood moisture content meter of the present invention has the following effects.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は、本発明の木材水分量測定器を示し、第2図は
、本発明の木材水分量測定器を動作させる回路図であり
、 第3図は、本発明の木材水分量測定器の動作原理の説明
図であり、 第4図は、本発明の木材水分量測定器による測定結果の
一例であり、 第5図は、本発明の木材水分量測定器の変型例を示し、 第6図は、従来の高周波木材水分計による測定方法であ
り、 第7図および第8図は、従来の直流抵抗式木材水分計に
よる測定方法である。 16.17:検出器
Fig. 1 shows the wood moisture content measuring device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram for operating the wood moisture content measuring device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 shows the wood moisture content measuring device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operating principle of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an example of measurement results by the wood moisture content measuring device of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a modified example of the wood moisture content measuring device of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a measurement method using a conventional high-frequency wood moisture meter, and FIGS. 7 and 8 show a measurement method using a conventional DC resistance type wood moisture meter. 16.17: Detector

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)少なくとも1本のアンテナを一面に有し、他の面
にスロットを有する直方体のマイクロ波空洞共振器から
なる木材水分量測定器。
(1) A wood moisture content meter consisting of a rectangular parallelepiped microwave cavity resonator having at least one antenna on one side and a slot on the other side.
(2)少なくとも1本のアンテナを一面に有し、他の面
にスロットを有する直方体のマ イクロ波空洞共振器を、前記スロットを同一方向に向け
た状態で複数個並置させた木材水分量測定器。
(2) A wood moisture content measuring device in which a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped microwave cavity resonators having at least one antenna on one side and slots on the other side are arranged side by side with the slots facing in the same direction. .
JP21043389A 1989-08-15 1989-08-15 Instrument for measuring water content of wood Pending JPH0373832A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21043389A JPH0373832A (en) 1989-08-15 1989-08-15 Instrument for measuring water content of wood

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21043389A JPH0373832A (en) 1989-08-15 1989-08-15 Instrument for measuring water content of wood

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0373832A true JPH0373832A (en) 1991-03-28

Family

ID=16589244

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP21043389A Pending JPH0373832A (en) 1989-08-15 1989-08-15 Instrument for measuring water content of wood

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0373832A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019100912A (en) * 2017-12-05 2019-06-24 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 Identification device of substance using electromagnetic wave and identification method
GB2571285A (en) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-28 Univ Cranfield Fluid sensor

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JPS5639447A (en) * 1979-09-08 1981-04-15 Shinichi Sasaki Device for measuring water content in sheet material
JPS5987346A (en) * 1982-11-11 1984-05-19 Inoue Japax Res Inc Detecting apparatus of moisture
JPS62169041A (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-07-25 Daipoole:Kk Physical property measuring apparatus for planar material
JPS62238447A (en) * 1986-04-09 1987-10-19 Daipoole:Kk Method for measuring quantity of water and basis weight of flat material by microwave cavity resonator
JPH02272349A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-11-07 Nippon Tokushu Keisokki Seisakusho:Kk Instrument for measuring basis weight and water by microwave

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JPS51107894A (en) * 1975-03-19 1976-09-24 Hitachi Ltd TSUTSUJOHAKUYO ZETSUENZAINO MAIKUROHANYORUKENSHUTSUHOHO
JPS5639447A (en) * 1979-09-08 1981-04-15 Shinichi Sasaki Device for measuring water content in sheet material
JPS5987346A (en) * 1982-11-11 1984-05-19 Inoue Japax Res Inc Detecting apparatus of moisture
JPS62169041A (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-07-25 Daipoole:Kk Physical property measuring apparatus for planar material
JPS62238447A (en) * 1986-04-09 1987-10-19 Daipoole:Kk Method for measuring quantity of water and basis weight of flat material by microwave cavity resonator
JPH02272349A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-11-07 Nippon Tokushu Keisokki Seisakusho:Kk Instrument for measuring basis weight and water by microwave

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019100912A (en) * 2017-12-05 2019-06-24 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 Identification device of substance using electromagnetic wave and identification method
GB2571285A (en) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-28 Univ Cranfield Fluid sensor

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