JPH037239B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention enables combustion of red, yellow, yellow-green, green,
This invention relates to a gas fuel for producing colored flames that produces various colored flames such as blue and purple.

(Prior art) Conventionally, this type of gas fuel for producing a colored flame has been produced by adding a metal salt that causes a flame reaction together with an alcohol, and adding or not adding a halogenated hydrocarbon to these at atmospheric pressure. Mixed with vaporized combustible liquefied gas
3903) and one in which boric acid is esterified and mixed with a combustible liquefied gas that is vaporized at atmospheric pressure (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 3904/1983) is known. This gas fuel for producing colored flames is used in combustion devices such as gas lighters, and coloring agents such as metal salts or boric acid esters are released into the atmosphere along with the liquefied gas, and when ignited, a colored flame is generated. It is something.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the above metal salts (metal inorganic salts or organic acid salts) have low solubility in alcohols, and
When salts of these metals are mixed with flammable gas,
Its solubility is further reduced. Further, the solubility of boric acid ester in combustible gas is not very high. Therefore, in conventional colored flame-generating gas fuels in which salts of these metals are simply dissolved in alcohols or boric acid esters are simply dissolved in flammable gas,
Due to time, temperature, impact, or the physical behavior (rapid change from liquid phase to gas phase) during combustion with a gas lighter, inorganic salts of metals may dissociate and precipitate, resulting in a lack of stability in the solution state. As a result, the stability of combustion was poor, such as clogging of the nozzle. Therefore, the actual situation is that the above-mentioned conventional gas fuel for generating colored flames has not been put into practical use.

The present inventor has conducted repeated research in order to improve the stability of the solution state and combustion stability of the conventional gas fuel for generating colored flame, and to put the gas fuel for generating colored flame into practical use. This completes the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to solubilize a color former by emulsifying and complexing it, so that it can be stably dissolved in a flammable gas, improve its volatility and sublimation, and further improve its wetting and combustion properties. For generating colored flames, it is possible to impart a self-contact effect to gas lighters, etc., thereby preventing clogging of the nozzle of gas lighters, etc., ensuring reliable ignition, and producing a clear color. The purpose is to provide gas fuel.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the colored flame generating gas fuel of the present invention contains an organic metal salt compound, an organic chelate compound containing a metal, an inorganic metal salt compound, and a boric acid compound. It is made by dissolving at least one compound selected from the group consisting of esters, together with a lower alcohol and a surfactant, in a flammable gas that vaporizes under atmospheric pressure.

In the present invention, the coloring agent, that is, the compound that generates a colored flame when ignited, includes an organic metal salt compound, an organic chelate compound containing a metal,
Inorganic metal salt compounds and boric acid esters are used. These color formers may be used alone or in combination if desired.

The organic metal salt compounds used in the present invention include barium acetate, calcium acetate, cobalt acetate, cesium acetate, copper acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, molybdenum acetate, sodium acetate, rubidium acetate, strontium acetate, barium cyclohexylbutyrate, and cyclohexyl acetate. Cobalt butyrate, copper cyclohexylbutyrate, lithium cyclohexylbutyrate, sodium cyclohexylbutyrate, strontium cyclohexylbutyrate, calcium cyclohexylbutyrate, cesium cyclohexylbutyrate,
Examples include potassium cyclohexylbutyrate, molybdenum cyclohexylbutyrate, and rubidium cyclohexylbutyrate. Examples of organic chelate compounds containing metals include barium acetylacetone, cobalt acetylacetone, copper acetylacetone, lithium acetylacetone, sodium acetylacetone, strontium acetylacetone, calcium acetylacetone, cesium acetylacetone, potassium acetylacetone, molybdenum acetylacetone, bidium acetylacetone, barium dipivaloylmethane. , dipivaloylmethane cobalt, dipivaloylmethane copper, dipivaloylmethane lithium, dipivaloylmethane sodium,
Dipivaloylmethane strontium, dipivaloylmethane calcium, dipivaloylmethane cesium, dipivaloylmethane potassium, dipivaloylmethane molybdenum, dipivaloylmethane rubidium, etc. can be used. Inorganic metal salt compounds include barium chloride, calcium chloride, cobalt chloride, cesium chloride, cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, potassium chloride, lithium chloride, molybdenum chloride, sodium chloride, rubidium chloride, strontium chloride, and barium nitrate. , calcium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, cesium nitrate, copper nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate, molybdenum nitrate, sodium nitrate, rubidium nitrate, strontium nitrate, etc. As boric acid esters, trimethyl borate,
Tripropyl borate, triethyl borate, triisopropyl borate, etc. can be used.

The colors produced by the above-mentioned color formers differ depending on the elements contained, but the colors produced by each element are as follows. Li (lithium) - deep red, Ba (barium) - yellow-green, Ca (calcium) - orange-red, Cu (copper) -
Green, Cs (cesium) - blue-purple, K (potassium) - purple,
Mo (molybdenum) - yellow green, Na (sodium) - yellow,
Sr (strontium) - red, Co (cobalt) - blue,
Rb (rubidium) - deep red.

The surfactants used in the present invention include polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, barium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, cobalt dodecylbenzenesulfonate, cesium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, copper dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Potassium benzenesulfonate, molybdenum dodecylbenzenesulfonate, rubidium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, strontium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylglycine, and the like.

In the present invention, a lower alcohol such as methanol or ethanol is used together with a surfactant as a solvent for a color former. The higher the alcohol, the lower its ability to dissolve the coloring agent, so it is not preferably used in the present invention.

The flammable gas that vaporizes under atmospheric pressure used in the present invention includes low molecular weight hydrocarbons that become a gas at room temperature, such as butane (isobutane, normal butane), propane, LP gas, pentane, etc. Preference is given to using liquefied butane.

Each composition used in the present invention contains a color former of 0.1
~30% by weight, 0.01 to 10% by weight of surfactant, 1 to 40% by weight of solvent such as methanol, and 40% by weight of combustible gas.
It is adjusted by appropriately selectively blending it at a ratio of ~90% by weight.

(Function) At least one compound (coloring agent) selected from the group consisting of organic metal salt compounds, metal-containing organic chelate compounds, inorganic metal salt compounds, and boric acid esters is dissolved in lower alcohol (ethanol, etc.). However, the technology of producing a colored flame by dissolving it in a combustible gas (such as butane) that vaporizes under atmospheric pressure and igniting it is well known (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 49-3903, Publication No. 49-3903).
However, in these known techniques, the coloring agent dissolved in ethanol etc. does not dissolve or mix with butane etc., and in that state, it separates into two layers (the ethanol layer on the bottom and the butane layer on the top). There is only one. That is, the color former was dissolved in ethanol but not in butane. Even when the raw material gas sealed in the lighter is ignited, at first only the ethanol layer in which the coloring agent is dissolved rises up the nozzle and burns, and for a short time the coloring agent also burns, producing a colored flame. However, as only the ethanol is burned, the dissolved coloring agent becomes solid again and begins to precipitate (or separate or dissociate) and adhere to the inside of the nozzle, causing the nozzle to become narrower. The flame becomes thinner and becomes an intermittent flame, becoming a colored flame or a colorless flame, due to the solid content that has begun to clog being pushed out by gas pressure. It was hot.
Finally, approximately 30 seconds after ignition, the nozzle of the lighter becomes completely clogged with the solids. The flame will also go out. Therefore, conventional gas fuels for generating colored flames have been completely impractical. This is also demonstrated in the comparative examples in this specification.

In the present invention, by adding a surfactant in addition to the coloring agent, ethanol, and butane described above, the problems of the prior art described above can be solved and a stable colored flame can be continuously generated. It has become possible to do so. All of the coloring agents used in the present invention have ionicity or polarity, and dissolve in ethanol and the like as described above. The surfactant is
As is well known, it has a lipophilic group and a new water group. Hydrophilic groups have an affinity for ethanol, while lipophilic groups have an affinity for butane. Surfactants form micelles with hydrophilic groups inside and lipophilic groups outside in a combustible gas, ie, butane. Due to the formation of micelles, the color former dissolved in ethanol is further emulsified, complexed, and solubilized in butane, that is, a flammable gas, so that the color former is precipitated and separated as described above. , dissociation can be prevented. Furthermore, since the surfactant has a wetting effect, the coloring agent can be stably supplied to the nozzle of a gas lighter. The surfactant helps the volatility and sublimation of the coloring agent, and therefore prevents clogging of gas lighters and the like, and allows a colored flame to be generated in a stable state. Furthermore, since the surfactant has an autocatalytic effect when the color former is combusted, a clear colored flame can be generated.

(Example) The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 (%) Strontium acetate 3.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 30.0 Butane 66.0 100.0 Strontium acetate 3.0g and methanol 30.0g
In addition to this, 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added and emulsified. The above mixed solution (solubilized solution) was injected into a commercially available gas lighter and filled with butane. When ignited, a bright red flame appeared.

Example 1 (%) Strontium acetate 3.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 30.0 Butane 66.0 100.0 Strontium acetate 3.0g and methanol 30.0g
In addition to this, 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added and emulsified. The above mixed solution (solubilized solution) was injected into a commercially available gas lighter and filled with butane. When ignited, it was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a bright red flame appeared, and this red flame was stable and persistent.

Example 2 (%) Sodium acetylacetonate 0.3 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3.0 Methanol 30.0 Butane 66.7 100.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3.0g
was added to 30.0 g of methanol, and 0.3 g of sodium acetylacetonate was added thereto to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, the flame was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a bright yellow flame appeared, and this yellow flame was stable and persistent.

Example 3 (%) Trimethyl borate 30.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 0.3 Methanol 3.0 Butane 66.7 100.0 30.0 g of trimethyl borate was added to 3.0 g of methanol, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added thereto to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, it was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a clear yellow-green flame appeared, and this yellow-green flame was stable and persistent.

Example 4 (%) Barium cyclohexylbutyrate 1.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 10.0 Butane 88.0 100.0 1.0 g of barium cyclohexylbutyrate was added to 10.0 g of methanol, and 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added thereto to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, it was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a clear yellow-green flame appeared, and this yellow-green flame was stable and persistent.

Example 5 (%) Molybdenum chloride 3.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 20.0 Butane 76.0 100.0 3.0 g of molybdenum chloride was added to 20.0 g of methanol, and 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added thereto to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, it was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a clear yellow-green flame appeared, and this yellow-green flame was stable and persistent.

Example 6 (%) Copper sulfate 3.0 Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 50,000) 1.0 Methanol 37.0 Butane 59.0 100.0 Add 3.0 g of copper sulfate to 37.0 g of methanol, and add 1.0 g of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 50,000) to this.
was added to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. While only the ignited butane was burning, it was colorless, but after about 5 seconds, a clear green flame appeared, and this green flame was stable and persistent.

Example 7 (%) Lithium acetate 1.5 Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 20000) 0.5 Methanol 15.0 Butane 83.0 100.0 Add 1.5 g of lithium acetate to 15.0 g of methanol,
This is polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 20,000)
0.5g was added and emulsified. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, the flame was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a bright crimson flame appeared, and this crimson flame was stable and persistent.

Example 8 (%) Calcium acetylacetonate 1.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 10.0 Butane 88.0 100.0 1.0 g of calcium acetylacetone was added to 10.0 g of methanol, and 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added thereto to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, it was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a clear orange-red flame appeared, and this orange-red flame was stable and persistent.

Example 9 (%) Cesium cyclohexyl acetate 2.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 20.0 Butane 77.0 100.0 20.0 g of methanol was added to 2.0 g of cesium cyclohexyl acetate, and 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, the flame was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a clear blue-purple flame appeared, and this blue-purple flame was stable and persistent.

Example 10 (%) Potassium chloride 2.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 20.0 Butane 77.0 100.0 Add 2.0 g of potassium chloride to 20.0 g of methanol,
This includes sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
1.0g was added and emulsified. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. While only the ignited butane was burning, it was colorless, but after about 5 seconds, a clear purple flame appeared, and this purple flame was stable and persistent.

Example 11 (%) Cobalt dipivaloylmethane 3.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 31.0 Butane 65.0 100.0 3.0g of cobalt dipivaloylmethane was added to 31.0g of methanol, and 1.0g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to this. It was emulsified. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, it was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a clear blue flame appeared, and this blue flame was stable and persistent.

Example 12 (%) Dipivaloylmethane rubidium 3.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 24.0 Butane 72.0 100.0 Add 3.0 g of dipivaloylmethane rubidium to 24.0 g of methanol, and add 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to this. It was emulsified. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, it is colorless while only the butane is burning, but after about 5 seconds,
A clear deep red flame color was exhibited, and this deep red flame was stable and persistent.

Example 13 (%) Trimethyl borate 1.0 Lithium acetylacetonate 3.0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.0 Methanol 24.0 Butane 71.0 100.0 Add 1.0 g of trimethyl borate and 3.0 g of lithium acetylacetonate to 24.0 g of methanol, and add 1.0 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to this. was added to emulsify. The above mixed solution was poured into a commercially available gas lighter, filled with butane, and dissolved. When ignited, the flame was colorless while only the butane was burning, but after about 5 seconds, a clear reddish-purple flame appeared, and this reddish-purple flame was stable and persistent.

In addition, a gas lighter was filled with each of the fuels shown in Examples 1 to 13 above and left at room temperature and pressure for 5 months, and ignition tests were repeated during this period, but each time the nozzle was clogged. It is possible to obtain vivid flame colors of each color in a stable state without causing any It was confirmed that there was no dissociation and precipitation.

Comparative Example 1 An experiment similar to Example 1 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, it is colorless as in Example 1 while only butane is burning. After about 5 seconds, the color of the flame turns reddish-purple.
This red-purple flame is an extremely small flame (it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). Furthermore, after about 15 seconds, this flame becomes an intermittent flame (i.e., a state in which colorless and colored flames appear alternately), and after about another 10 seconds, the gas lighter becomes clogged and the flame goes out. Ivy.

Comparative Example 2 An experiment similar to Example 2 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, while only butane is burning, it is colorless as in Example 2. After about 5 seconds, the flame turns yellow, but this yellow flame is extremely small (to the extent that it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flame almost in the same way as in Comparative Example 1,
Then it disappeared.

Comparative Example 3 An experiment similar to Example 3 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, it is colorless as in Example 3 while only butane is burning. Then, after about 5 seconds, it becomes a yellow-green flame color, but
This yellow-green flame is an extremely small flame (it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 4 An experiment similar to Example 4 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, it is colorless as in Example 4 while only butane is burning. Then, after about 5 seconds, it becomes a yellow-green flame color, but
This yellow-green flame is an extremely small flame (it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 5 An experiment similar to Example 5 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, while only butane is burning, it is colorless as in Example 5. Then, after about 5 seconds, it becomes a yellow-green flame color, but
This yellow-green flame is an extremely small flame (it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 6 An experiment similar to Example 6 was conducted except that no surfactant (polyethylene glycol) was added. When ignited, it is colorless as in Example 6 while only butane is burning. After about 5 seconds, the flame turns green, but this green flame is extremely small (to the extent that it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 7 An experiment similar to Example 7 was conducted except that no surfactant (polyethylene glycol) was added. When ignited, it was colorless as in Example 7 while only butane was burning. After about 5 seconds, the flame becomes a deep red color, but this deep red flame is extremely small (to the extent that it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 8 An experiment similar to Example 8 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, while only butane is burning, it is colorless as in Example 8. Then, after about 5 seconds, it becomes an orange-red flame color, but
This orange-red flame is extremely small (it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 9 An experiment similar to Example 9 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, while only butane was burning, it was colorless as in Example 9. Then, after about 5 seconds, it becomes a blue-purple flame color,
This blue-purple flame is an extremely small flame (it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 10 An experiment similar to Example 10 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, while only butane is burning, it is colorless as in Example 10. After about 5 seconds, the flame turns purple, but this purple flame is extremely small (to the extent that it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flame almost in the same way as in Comparative Example 1,
Then it disappeared.

Comparative Example 11 An experiment similar to Example 11 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, it is colorless as in Example 11 while only butane is burning. After about 5 seconds, the flame turns blue, but this blue flame is extremely small (to the extent that it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flame almost in the same way as in Comparative Example 1,
Then it disappeared.

Comparative Example 12 An experiment similar to Example 12 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, while only butane is burning, it is colorless as in Example 12. Then, after about 5 seconds, it becomes a deep red flame color,
This deep red flame is extremely small (it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

Comparative Example 13 An experiment similar to Example 13 was conducted except that no surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) was added. When ignited, while only butane is burning, it is colorless as in Example 13. Then, after about 5 seconds, the outer flame becomes yellow-green (flame color caused by trimethyl borate), and the inner flame becomes deep red (flame color caused by acetylacetone lithium), resulting in different flame colors. However, the mixture of both did not result in a reddish-purple color. The total flame, which is the combination of the outer flame and the inner flame, is also extremely small (to the extent that it goes out when you try to light a cigarette). This flame generated intermittent flames in substantially the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and then disappeared.

The gas fuel of the present invention can be provided, for example, in a gas lighter or in a gas cylinder.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, a color former can be solubilized by emulsification and complexation, and can be dissolved in a stable state in a flammable gas, and volatility and sublimation properties can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a self-catalytic effect such as wetting action and combustion, thereby preventing clogging of the nozzle of a gas lighter, etc., ensuring reliable ignition, and producing a stable flame. It can produce vivid colors. Furthermore, when observing a colorless flame is difficult and poses an industrial hazard, coloring the gas can prevent accidents such as forgetting to turn it off.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A flammable compound that vaporizes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of organic metal salt compounds, metal-containing organic chelate compounds, inorganic metal salt compounds, and boric acid esters together with a lower alcohol and a surfactant. A colored flame-generating gas fuel characterized by being dissolved in a toxic gas.