JPH0372198A - Underground excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the solidification of the excavated soil by providing a partition and a facing chamber in front of a shield outer tube furnishing a specific circular section, positioning an arm for revolution in the facing chamber, and providing a driving device for a cutting group for cutting work in the arm for revolution. CONSTITUTION:A solar cutter 3 is rotated by a driving source 27, and planetary cutters 4a and 4b are rotated by a driving source 38 from solar sprockets 31a and 31b to planetary sprockets 30a and 31b through chains 33 and 34. Then, the whole body of a cutter group 2 is rotated by a driving source 26 provided at the center of each circle respectively. Then, the earth and sand of the excavated facing enters a facing chamber 6, a mud forming agent is poured, and they are stirred by stirring blades 11a 11b, 18, and 21, and an arm 15, converting into a mud with a fluidity and an impermeability. And it is exhausted by an earth-moving device 39 while keeping a balance of the pressure of the mud and the earth pressure of the facing. In such a way, the solidification can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a multiple underground excavator used for constructing double-track railways, roads, etc. underground.

(Prior art) Conventionally, underground tunnels were created by excavating and forming horizontal shafts with unique cross-sectional shapes suitable for constructing underground structures such as multiple subway roads in one excavation work using one shield machine. For example, as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the medium excavator is
Two rotary cutters 230a and 230b each having a center shaft 231 in the center and a large number of bits 232 on the front.
spokes 233a, 233b having spokes 233a, 232b. The center shaft 231 is attached to the partition wall 235 via a bearing/seal 234, and each rotary cutter 230a, 230 is driven by a drive device 23G.
When b rotates, spokes 2 are placed so that they do not touch each other.
33a and 233b were arranged in a meshing relationship like the teeth of a gear.

However, as the cutting cross section of the tunnel becomes larger, the number of excavation pits 232a and 232b must be increased, as well as the number of cutter spokes 233a and 233b. Furthermore, because the cutter spokes 233a, 233b of adjacent circles mesh like gears, when a large number of cutter spokes 233a, 233b rotate, by moving the circles away to avoid collision, it is possible to avoid the rotation of many cutter spokes 233a, 233b whose centers are close to each other. There was a problem that it became difficult to construct continuous tunnels.

Furthermore, the excavation pins 232a and 232b have many problems, such as the cutting length increasing toward the outer periphery, resulting in a large amount of wear, and the agitation effect decreasing due to low rotation of the large-diameter excavator.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicant of the present application filed the patent application No. 63-330 dated December 27, 1988
No. 242 has been filed.

This prior application has not yet been published, and therefore is different from the prior art and is, so to speak, prior art related to the present invention.

The prior related art is shown in FIG. 4(a).

As shown in (b), solar cutters 103.143.
Planetary canters 104a, 104b, 144a, 14
4b, the rotation devices are all provided behind the partition wall 114,
Solar power, Ta 103,143 and RM/J 7 y
, + +, < 4, H<'1. :4h,! 44
'* Soran, turn −q /.

The portion fixed in this way was a partition wall 115 that is a part of the partition wall 114.

(Problem M to be solved by the invention) However, in the multiple underground excavator 101 in the above-mentioned related technology, the sun canter 103 within one circle,
143, i, and i cutters 104a and 104b are fixed to the revolving bulkhead 115 via bearings 120, 106a and 106b, respectively, so if it is a large diameter tunnel, the seal of the bulkhead 115 and the bearing 128 will need to be very large. In addition, the necessary revolving partition wall 115
In addition to the diameter of the seal and bearing 128, the width of the seal and bearing 128 is also required, and adjacent seals and bearings 12B must be assembled without contacting each other, so there is a problem that the positional relationship of the base circles is limited. .

In addition, solar power lids 103, 143 and planetary cutters 10
4a, 104b, 144a, and 144b protrude to the rear of the bulkhead 114, so nothing can be placed within that rotation range, so the excavator! There is a problem that the effective length of JYJ becomes longer if the space is too small.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to allow the seal and shaft to be small, to greatly reduce the eccentric distance of the base circle, and to reduce the space inside the excavator. To provide an underground excavator which can effectively utilize excavated soil and prevent solidification of excavated soil.

(Means for solving the problem) That is, a partition wall is provided in front of the shield outer cylinder having an overlapping circular cross section, the space between the partition wall and the face is a face chamber, and the partition wall is penetrated approximately at the center of the base circle. The drive shaft of the cutter group revolution arm is rotatably supported, one or more canters for face cutting are rotatably supported in front of the revolution arm, and the drive shaft for the face cutting cutter group is rotatably supported. A part or all of the above is installed in the revolution arm and the revolution drive shaft, and the cutter group of the base circle rotates and revolves without contacting the cutter group of the adjacent circle to excavate the face. The purpose is distantly related.

(Function) By configuring as described above, in the present invention, the diameter of the drive shaft for revolving the force seven groups of excavating tools, that is, the revolving arm, which penetrates the bulkhead can be reduced, so that the seal and bearing can also be reduced. I try to keep it small.

In addition, a part of the revolution arm is contained within the face chamber,
There is no need to make it circular, and it can be made into a long oval shape, for example, so the eccentric distance of the base circle can be significantly reduced compared to conventional methods.

Furthermore, since the revolution arm revolves within the face chamber, it is also possible to prevent the excavated soil from solidifying.

(Example 1) FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) show the overall configuration of the first embodiment of the underground excavator according to the present invention, so the multiple underground excavator of this embodiment 1 prevents the two canter groups 2 and 52 from moving to avoid collision when the cutters are on the same plane.

The cutter groups 2 and 52 are arranged one above the other in the illustrated state, and are arranged in a manner similar to a planetary gear train, and although the cutters do not actually mesh and rotate, they are arranged rotatably around the center. The sun.

The cutter 3.53 has two planetary cutters 4a, 4b, 54a, and 54b arranged on the same radial line and revolving around the sun cutter 3.53 while rotating.

5 in the figure is a shield outer cylinder made of, for example, a steel plate, in which two circles are arranged horizontally or vertically so that the distance between their centers is larger than the radius but smaller than the diameter of the two circles, so that they overlap. In the case of a circular cross-section tunnel, the outer peripheral edges of the two circles form a so-called cocoon shape or a daruma shape. In addition, 6 is a face chamber formed on the front end side of this shield outer cylinder 5, and 2.52 is a face chamber formed on the front end side of this shield outer cylinder 5, and 2.52 is a revolution with the center of the two circles forming the cross-sectional outline of the outer cylinder 5 as the rotation center. , and two rotatable cutter groups that can rotate on their own axis.

Here, since the two cutter groups 2 and 52 have exactly the same configuration, the following describes one cutter group 2! Let us explain about 1 m.

The planetary cutters 4a and 4b rotate on their own axis while rotating the solar cutter 3.
They each have a shaft 7a in the center.
, 7b, and these shafts 7a, 7b are attached to a revolving arm 15, which will be described later, via seals/bearings 8a, 8b, and cutter heads 9a, 9b made of cutter spokes are provided in front of the shafts 7a, 7b. is provided with a plurality of cutter bits 10a on its front surface.

10b is attached, stirring blades lla, llb extending rearward are attached to the rear surface, and an annular member connecting the outer peripheries of the cutter heads 9a, 9b and having a large number of cutter pitches Oa, 10b on the front surface. 12a, 12
Constructed by b.

Furthermore, the sun cutter 3 is rotatable, and is provided in front of the central portion of the planetary cutters 4a, 4b to supplement the excavation cross section left uncut by the planetary cutters 4a, 4b. This sun cutter 3 is equipped with a shaft 13 in the center, and this shaft 13 is attached to a revolving arm 15, which will be described later, via a seal/bearing 14, and a canter head 16 made of cutter spokes is provided in front of the shirt eye 3. It is constituted by an annular member 19, on which a plurality of cutter bits 17 are attached to the front surface, a stirrer 11B is attached to the rear surface, the outer circumference of the cutter head 16 is connected, and a large number of cutter pitches 7 are provided on the front surface. .

Next, the drive device will be explained. As mentioned above Taiyo Cutter 3
And the planetary cutters 4a and 4b each have a shaft 7a,
Seal/bearing 8a provided at the rear of 7b, 13,
It is attached to the revolution arm 15 via 8b and 14. This revolution arm 15 revolves the entire Kanota group 2 within the circle of the shield outer cylinder 5, and is hollow inside, located in the face chamber 6 in front of the partition wall 20, and located on the outer periphery. A protruding portion 15a having a roughly oval or elliptical shape, on which stirring blades 21 extending radially are protruded.
and a revolution drive shaft 15b extending rearward from the partition wall 20 via a bearing 22 from approximately the center thereof, and a gear 23 is provided on the rear outer periphery of the revolution drive shaft 15b. This gear 23 meshes with the pinion 24, and the pinion 24 is engaged with the pinion 24.
Reference numeral 4 is provided on the drive shaft of a drive source 26 consisting of, for example, a hydraulic motor for driving the arm for revolution, which is provided on the partition wall 25 installed behind the partition wall 20, and this drive 1f126 drives the arm for revolution 15 and, by extension, the face. Cutter group 2 for cutting
is configured to rotate.

Next, a driving device for the solar cutter 3 constituting the cutter group 2 will be explained. The shaft 13 of the sun cutter 3 passes through the center of the front surface of the revolution arm 15 via a seal/bearing 14 and extends rearward.

A drive source 27 for driving the solar cutter, such as a hydraulic motor, is provided behind the partition wall 25, and a pinion 28 is provided on its drive shaft. The sun cutter 3 can be rotated by the drive source 27. In other words,
A drive az7, which is a drive unit for rotation, is provided approximately at the center of the circle, and a revolution arm 15 having a cutter group 2 at the front thereof is provided in front of the drive az7.

Next, another planetary cutter 4 that also constitutes cutter group 2
A and 4b will be explained. The shafts 7a and 7b of each planetary counter 4a4b are seals and bearings 8a, respectively.

Planetary sprockets 30a and 30b are provided on the outer periphery of the shaft that extends into the protrusion 15i1 of the revolution arm 15 via the shaft 8b and within the protrusion 15a.

Further, a cylindrical shaft 32 is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft 13 of the solar cutter 3 located in the center thereof, and a pair of solar sprockets 31a, 31 are provided on the outer periphery of the shaft 13 in front and behind.
9 cylindrical shafts 32 are connected to one sun sprocket 31a and one planetary sprocket 30a, and the other sun sprocket 31b and the other IT star large sprocket 30b are connected via chains 33 and 34, respectively. 35. Arm 15 for revolution via 36
The gear 37 extends through the revolution drive shaft 15b and protrudes rearward, and a gear 37 is provided at that portion. And is this gear 37 a drive? The sun sprockets 31a, 31b engage with the pinion 39 provided on the drive shaft of the a38, rotate the cylindrical shaft 32 by the drive l
0b, thereby transmitting power to each planetary cutter 4a,
4b can revolve around the sun cutter 3 while rotating.

In addition, 39A in the figure is an earth removal device such as a screw conveyor, the front end of which is connected to the lower part of the partition wall 20, the rear end of which penetrates the partition wall 25, and is raised inside the pile. Also,
40 is a shield jack for digging.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

In this multiple underground excavator 1, the solar cutter 3 is rotated by a drive source 27. In addition, planetary canters 4a, 4
b is the sun sprocket 31a by the drive a1138
, 31b to the planetary sprockets 30a, 30b via chains 33, 34. Furthermore, cutter group 2
The whole unit is rotated by a drive a26 provided at the center of each day, but since it is in a meshing relationship with the cutter group 52 like the teeth of a gear, it can rotate without contacting it.

When each cutter is driven, the cutter bit 10a for excavation attached to the throat 9a, 9b of each cutter.
, 10b, 17 will be excavated approximately on average. The earth and sand from the cut face enters the face chamber 6,
A mud material such as bentonite, a CMC aqueous solution, or an air-entraining agent mixed with air bubbles is injected into the face chamber 6 from a mud material injection pipe (not shown), and the mud material enters the face chamber 6. The excavated earth and sand are stirred by the stirring blades 11a and llb.
, 18.21 and the entire revolution arm 15, and is converted into fluid and impermeable mud. This mud is
The face chamber 6 is filled with mud, and the pressure is controlled by a pressure gauge (not shown) provided on the partition wall 20 so that the pressure of the mud is equal to the pressure of the mud in the face and the underground water pressure. will be promoted. At this time, excavation management is performed to prevent collapse of the face while adjusting the amount of soil removed by an earth removal device 39 such as a screw conveyor.

In the above embodiment, the cutter groups 2 and 52 are each equipped with three rotary cutters, but the cutter groups 2 and 52 may each be equipped with one or more rotary cutters.

Furthermore, although this construction method is explained using the mud pressure method, it can also be applied to the Tonosho method, the mud water method, and the like. The cutter head may also be a face type instead of a spoke type.

Furthermore, although the revolution arms 15 have been described as having the same diameter, they may have a combination of different diameters.

Furthermore, although illustrations and detailed explanations are omitted, synchronization control that prevents collisions when each cutter group is on the same plane in a multiple tunnel excavation machine has already been implemented mechanically and electrically. It has been put into practical use.

(Embodiment 2) FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an autorotation drive source is built into the revolution arm 15, and the rotation drive source is built into the revolution arm 15. It is characterized by a simpler drive mechanism.

That is, in the figure, 41 is a drive source for driving the sun cutter 3, which is provided within the revolution arm 15 via an appropriate fixing means, and its pinion 42 meshes with a gear 43 provided on the shirt eye 3. ing.

Further, 44a and 44b are drive sources for driving the planetary cutters 4a and 4b, and are configured in the same manner as described above.

Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3) Figures 3(a) and 3(b) show a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a gear system is used on the side of power transmission a to the planetary cutters 4a, 41). It has the following characteristics.

That is, sun gears 45a and 45b are provided in front and behind the cylindrical shaft 32, and each shaft 7a and 7b is
are provided with planetary gears 46a and 46b, respectively, and intermediate gears 47a and 47b are provided between them, and the cylindrical shaft 32 is rotated by a drive a27, and each planetary cutter 7a and 7b is The structure is such that it rotates on its own axis.

Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, a partition wall is provided in front of the shield outer cylinder having an overlapping circular cross section, a face chamber is formed between the partition wall and the face, and the partition wall is penetrated approximately at the center of each day. The drive shaft of the cassotater group revolution arm for each day is rotatably supported, and part or all of the rotation drive device of one or more face cutting cutter groups is installed in the revolution arm in front of the revolution arm. The eccentric distance between each adjacent circle can be shortened by installing the cutter group in the revolving drive shaft and excavating the face by rotating and revolving around the canter group on each day without contacting the canter group of the adjacent circle. Therefore, seals and bearings can also be made smaller.

Further, by incorporating a rotation device such as a power transmission device or a drive source into the revolution arm, the inside of the excavator can be effectively utilized.

Furthermore, since the front of the revolution arm is located within the face chamber, it can be used to prevent the excavated soil from compacting.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1(a) is a vertical sectional view of the first embodiment of the underground excavator according to the present invention, FIG. ) is a longitudinal sectional view of the second embodiment, fb)
3(a) is a vertical sectional view of the third embodiment; FIG. 3(0)) is a view taken along A''-A'; FIG.
, (b) is an earlier application by the applicant! ! ! FIG. 5(a) is a vertical sectional view of a conventional multiple underground excavator, and FIG. 5(b) is a front view. 1...Underground excavator 2.52...Cutter* 3,53...Solar power/lid 4a, 4b, 54a, 54b...Planetary power lid 5...
Shield outer cylinder 6...Face chambers 7a, 7b...Shafts 8a, 8b...Seal/bearings 9a, 9b
... Kasitahendo 10a, 10b ... Kanotabinto 11a, 11b
--Agitating blades 12a, 12b--Straight member ■3--Shaft 14--Seal/bearing 15--Revolving arm 16--Cuckhand 17--Cantabit
18... Stirring blade 19... Straight member 20... Partition wall
21.. Stirring blade 22.. Bearing 23.. Gear 24.
・Pinion 25・Partition wall 26・・Drive 111X
27... Drive source 28... Pinion 29... Gear 30a, 3 (lb... Planetary sprocket 3+, a,
31b...Sun sprocket 32...Cylindrical shaft 33...Chain 34...Chain 35...
Bearing 36...Bearing 37...Gear 38...Drive source 39A...Earth removal device 40...Shield jack
41... Drive source 42... Pinion 43... Gears 44a, 44b -- Drive R45a, 45b... Sun gear 46a, 46b -- Planetary gear 47a, 47
b ... Intermediate gear Fig. 1 (a) 1 rare arresting type > sum and cutting machine @ 11! ! (b) A-A Heavenly Vision Figure 2 (b) A'-He' Tenshi Figure 2 (a) (0) Figure 3 (b) a) No skin*j! @L'J+Lffijli! 06b

Claims (1)

[Claims] A partition wall is provided in front of a shield outer cylinder having an overlapping circular cross section,
The space between the partition wall and the face is a face chamber, and the drive shaft of the cutter group revolution arm of each circle is rotatably supported through the partition wall at the approximate center of each circle, and one or more A cutter for face cutting is rotatably supported, a part or all of the rotation drive device for the group of cutters for face cutting is provided in the revolution arm and the revolution drive shaft, and the cutter groups of each circle are adjacent to each other. This underground excavator is characterized by excavating a face by rotating and revolving around its axis without contacting a group of circular cutters.