JPH0454006B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a trench excavator, and more particularly to an excavator for forming a rectangular cross-sectional trench suitable for underground continuous walls.

[Conventional technology]

A diaphragm wall is an underground structure that replaces a caisson.
It is formed for purposes such as rigid foundations for high-rise buildings, foundations for tower-shaped buildings, and underground tank walls. To create such an underground continuous wall, first, a wall-shaped trench is dug underground using a trench excavator. Next, reinforcing bars are placed in the excavated trench, concrete is poured from the ground to form a wall of one element, and these elements are connected to form a continuous wall underground as a whole. .

Various trench drilling machines have been proposed in the past as trench drilling machines suitable for such underground continuous walls.
For example, an excavator has been proposed in which a plurality of vertical shafts are arranged in parallel and cutters are arranged alternately and overlappingly at the lower ends of the vertical shafts, thereby excavating a trench hole. However, in such a trench drilling machine having a vertical rotation axis, there is a problem in that both ends of the trench are formed in an arcuate shape because the bit rotates in a horizontal plane. Furthermore, in the underground wall construction method that does not use rocking pipes, after pouring concrete, the end face of the existing concrete foundation is excavated while an adjacent trench is excavated, but since the cutter rotates in a horizontal plane, the excavator itself There are problems such as runout and the inability to excavate a groove in a predetermined shape and position.

As mentioned above, this type of trench drilling machine with a vertical rotating shaft cannot produce a trench with a rectangular cross section, so a trench drilling machine with a pair of drum cutters fixed to both ends of a horizontal rotating shaft has been proposed. For example, in the 1970s
Excavators such as those disclosed in Publication No.-2242 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-4692 fall under this category. However, in the trench excavators disclosed in these publications, the portion between the pair of drum cutters is an unexcavated portion. This unexcavated portion acts as resistance during excavation, and since the reverse suction port is located above the pair of drum cutters, soil removal efficiency is poor and slime remains at the bottom of the hole. That is, since the pair of drum cutters are fixed to both sides of the support member of the horizontal rotation shaft, a power transmission means for rotating the horizontal rotation shaft must be provided within the pair of drum cutters, and the connection between this support member and the drum cutter is required. In order to prevent interference, it is necessary to ensure a minimum gap between the pair of drum cutters equal to the space of the supporting member. Therefore, if the spacing between the cutters is narrowed in order to reduce the remaining portion of the moat, the space for the power transmission means becomes narrower, making it impossible to transmit sufficient power and reducing the strength of the support member.
On the other hand, if sufficient power transmission is to be achieved, a corresponding space must be provided between the cutters, resulting in a problem that the uncut portion becomes large. This unexcavated area makes it difficult to carry out the trench excavation work itself, and the reverse suction port is located at the top of the drum cutter, resulting in poor soil removal efficiency.Furthermore, slime remains on the bottom of the trench, causing it to sink underground. The problem of the strength of the continuous wall itself also arises.

A trench excavator that solves this problem of the remaining portion of the trench is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-211424. The disclosed trench excavator has a pair of drum cutters arranged at a predetermined interval on a horizontal rotating shaft, and a ring cutter and a wing bit are rotatably supported between the pair of drum cutters. The ring cutter is fixed to a horizontal rotating shaft and rotates using a rotation transmission mechanism from a rotational drive surface that rotates the drum cutter.
Further, the wing bit is fixed to a vertical rotating shaft and rotated by a rotation transmission mechanism dedicated to the wing bit. Therefore, the space between the pair of drum cutters can be excavated using the ring cutter and the wing cutter, so there is no leftover part of the trench, which was previously the case, and the bottom of the hole is flat, making it possible to form a stable wall. There are merits.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, wing bits are located at the tip and are more susceptible to resistance during hard rock excavation than drum cutters or ring cutters, and the problem is that the digging speed of the wing bit acts as a brake, reducing work efficiency. Furthermore, since the wing bit requires a dedicated rotation transmission mechanism, there is a problem in that the configuration becomes complicated and the cost increases.

In order to solve this problem, a trench excavator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-225424 was devised.
In this trench hole excavator, a ring cutter having substantially the same diameter as the drum cutter is disposed between a pair of drum cutters and eccentrically upward relative to the rotational axis of the drum cutter. Therefore, since the space between the pair of drum cutters can be excavated using only the ring cutter, the wing bit can be removed.

However, in this trench hole excavator, the ring cutter, which has approximately the same diameter as the drum cutter, is arranged eccentrically upward with respect to the rotational axis of the drum cutter.
There is a problem in that the lower end of the ring cutter is separated from the lower end of the drum cutter, resulting in a large difference in level at the bottom of the slot excavated by the ring cutter and the drum cutter.

In addition, this trench excavator is configured such that the power transmission mechanism is provided in the space inside the ring cutter from the upper end of the ring cutter protruding above the drum cutter, and the power from the rotational drive source is transmitted to the drum cutter and the ring cutter. It is necessary to seal the inner periphery of the ring of the ring cutter, which poses a problem in that the sealing structure of the ring cutter becomes complicated.

The present invention has been developed in view of these circumstances, and has no uncut portions and is stable in terms of strength. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a trench hole excavator that can improve excavation efficiency, simplify the configuration, reduce costs, and reduce the level difference at the bottom of the trench.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has an apparatus main body, a drive source mounted on the apparatus main body, and a drive source mounted on the apparatus main body, which are coaxially arranged at a predetermined interval at the tip of the apparatus main body, and have a horizontal rotation axis. A pair of drum cutters, one or two ring cutters arranged eccentrically with respect to the rotation axis of the drum cutters and capable of excavating approximately the same width as the excavation width of the drum cutters, and an upper part of the pair of drum cutters. It is characterized by having a power transmission mechanism that transmits power from a rotational drive source through a space formed on the opposing surface.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides that a plurality of excavation units each including the pair of drum cutters and one or two ring cutters arranged between the pair of drum cutters are arranged in parallel at the lower part of the apparatus main body. It is characterized by

[Effect]

According to the present invention, one or two ring cutters capable of excavating approximately the same width as the excavation width of the drum cutters are rotatably supported between the pair of drum cutters, so that the rock etc. between the drum cutters can be removed by the drum cutters. It is possible to excavate at the same speed as the excavation speed, and since a reverse pipe can be provided between the drum cutters, the reverse suction port can be placed at a lower part, which has a good slime discharge effect. Therefore, it is possible to improve excavation efficiency.

Further, since the horizontal rotation shaft of the ring cutter is rotated using the rotation transmission mechanism of the drum cutter, the transmission mechanism can be simplified and costs can be reduced.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a trench excavator according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus main body 10 is suspended from a hanging tool 12 via ropes 11, 11, and the hanging tool 12 is suspended from the ground by ropes 13, 13. A plurality of fixed guides 14A, 14A, . ...is arranged. The adjustable guide 14B includes an adjustable cylinder 1.
The rod end of the cylinder 15 is rotatably supported, and the base end of the cylinder 15 is rotatably supported by the main body 10.

A rotational drive source 16 such as an electric motor or a hydraulic motor is mounted on the apparatus main body 10.
At the bottom of the gear case 1, as shown in Fig.
8 is installed. The gear case 18 consists of a first gear case 18A, a second gear case 18B, and a third gear case 18C, which will be described later.
is supported, and the horizontal rotating shafts 20, 20 have drum-shaped cutters (hereinafter referred to as drum cutters) 22,
22 is fixed. The drum cutter 22 is formed in a size that can accommodate the third gear case 18C therein. A cutting blade 24 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drum cutter 22 over the entire circumference. The drum cutters 22, 22 are arranged with a predetermined gap maintained between them, and a second gear case 18 is placed above them.
This gear case 18B connects the third gear case 18C and the first gear case 18A attached to the device main body 10.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gear case 18C has a horizontal rotation shaft 2 of a pair of ring-shaped cutters (hereinafter referred to as ring cutters) 26, 26.
8 and 28 are pivotally supported. A cutting edge 27 is formed on the entire circumference of the ring cutter 26, similar to the drum cutter 22. The ring cutter 26 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the drum cutter 22, and its rotating shaft 28 is rotatably supported eccentrically with respect to the horizontal rotating shaft 20. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the ring cutter 26 is arranged such that the horizontal rotating shafts 28, 28 are eccentrically arranged so that the side surface of the drum cutter 22 is substantially flush with the side surface of the ring cutter 26. Furthermore, since the diameter of the ring cutter 26 is set to approximately half the diameter of the drum cutter 22, when the ring cutters 22, 22 are supported as shown in FIG. Excavation can be performed with the ring cutters 22, 22 from one side of the drum cutter 22 to the other side. Furthermore, since the rotation axis of the ring cutter is disposed below the rotation axis of the drum cutter, the grooves excavated by the drum cutter and the ring cutter have a smaller step at the bottom.

FIG. 3 shows a power transmission mechanism of a trench excavator according to the present invention. The first gear case 18A, the second gear case 18B, and the third gear case 18C include
A group of reduction gears for transmitting power from the rotary drive source 16 is rotatably supported. That is, the motor 16
A gear 34 is fixed to the output shaft 32, and the signal is transmitted from the gear 34 to gears 36, 38, 40, 42, and 44 that are pivotally supported by the first gear case 18A. The rotational force of the gear 44 is transferred to the second gear case 18B.
The signal is transmitted via gears 46 and 48, which are pivotally supported, to a gear 50, which is pivotally supported by the third gear case 18C. The rotational force of the gear 50 is branched to gears 54 and 55 provided on both sides of the horizontal rotating shaft 52, and transmitted to the drum cutters 22 and 22 on both sides. i.e. gear 5
4 and 55 are transmitted to the gear 58 of the horizontal rotation shaft 20 via the idle gear 56, which rotates the horizontal rotation shaft 20 to move the drum cutters 22 and 22 to the first position.
Rotate counterclockwise as shown.
Further, the gear 58 meshes with a gear 60 fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft 28 via an idle gear 59, and rotates one ring cutter 26 in the counterclockwise direction as shown in FIG. Other ring cutter 2
As shown in FIG. 1, the ring cutter 6 also rotates in the same direction as one of the ring cutters 26 by rotation transmission from a similar transmission mechanism (gears 58, 59, 60). Since the power transmission mechanism is provided in the space formed between the upper opposing surfaces of the drum cutters 22 and 22 and the space formed by the drum cutter 22 and the ring cutter 26, the power transmission mechanism can be provided outside the ring cutter 26. can. Therefore, since the power transmission mechanism can be directly connected to the central rotating shaft of the ring cutter, it is only necessary to seal the central rotating shaft, and the sealing structure of the ring cutter 26 can be simplified.

A reverse pipe 63 is held in the hanging tool 12, and the lower end of the reverse pipe 63 is disposed above the ring cutter 26 on the right side in FIG. The excavated slime passes through the inside of this reverse shaft 63 and is discharged onto the ground.

The operation of the trench excavator according to the present invention constructed as described above will be explained.

First, the rotational force from the rotational drive source 16 is applied to the first gear case 18A, the second gear case 18B, and the third gear case 18A.
The drum cutters 22, 22 and the ring cutters 26, 26 are connected to each other via the gear transmission means in the gear case 18C.
transmitted to. These drum cutters 22, 22,
The ring cutters 26, 26 rotate in a counterclockwise direction, as shown in FIG. When the device main body 10 is lowered in this state, a rectangular excavation hole is formed in the ground, and the excavated slime is discharged to the ground via the reverse pipe 63.

Although the above embodiment has explained the state of a single unit, the state is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG.
Single units may be arranged in two rows in parallel. still,
In this case, in FIG. 4, the rotations of the drum cutter 22 of the left unit and the drum cutter 22 of the right unit are reversed as shown by arrows A and B, respectively, and furthermore, the rotation of the drum cutter 22 of the left unit and the drum cutter 22 of the right unit are reversed.
6, 26 and ring cutters 26, 2 on the right side unit
6 are reversed as shown by arrows C and D, respectively. This allows the excavation reaction torque to cancel each other out, and furthermore, the reverse pipe 6
It is possible to improve the soil removal efficiency from 3.

In the above embodiment, the diameter of the ring cutter 26 was made smaller than the diameter of the drum cutter 22, and two ring cutters were used for one drum cutter, but the invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, the diameters of the ring cutter and the drum cutter may be set to be the same, and one ring cutter may be used for one drum cutter. The configuration of another embodiment will be described below based on FIGS. 5 and 6. Incidentally, the same members as those in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

A first gear case 1 is provided on the lower side of the device main body 10.
8A, and a third gear case 70 is attached via the second gear case 18B. At the lower end of the gear case 70, gears 72 and 74, which have diameters larger than those of the gears 59 and 60 used in the embodiment described above, are rotatably supported. Therefore, the horizontal rotation shaft 76 is supported below the position of the rotation shaft 28 in the embodiment described above. A ring cutter 78 is fixed to this rotating shaft 76. Since the diameter of this ring cutter 78 is approximately the same as the diameter of the drum cutter 22, the ring cutter 78 has the same diameter as the drum cutter 22.
As shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to excavate below the excavation surface of the drum cutter 22. As a result, the ring cutter 78 plays the role of pilot excavation, so that the verticality of the excavation hole is improved and the excavation speed can be improved even in hard rock. In addition, the reverse pipe 63 can be lowered,
Slime removal performance is improved, and the structure can be simplified.

In these embodiments, the motor 16 is placed horizontally, but the invention is not limited thereto, and the motor 16 may be placed vertically. In this case, power is transmitted via a bevel gear or the like.

In the above embodiment, the case where the trench drilling machine according to the present invention is used as a vertical hole drilling machine was explained.
Not limited to this, Figure 7 A, B, and Figure 8 A, B
As shown in FIG. 1, it can be used as a single unit, or as a horizontal hole excavator (ie, a shield excavator) with a plurality of single units arranged in parallel, for example, in two rows. Reference numerals 80 in FIG. 7A and 82 in FIG. 8A are buried pipes, which form substantially the same cross section as the excavation cross section of the excavation unit. Incidentally, other members are given the same reference numerals as those in the above embodiment, and explanations thereof will be omitted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the trench excavator of the present invention, the ring cutter is pivotally supported between the pair of drum cutters, and the rock between the pair of drum cutters can be excavated with the ring cutter. During this time, excavation efficiency can be improved without leaving any unused parts of the trench. Furthermore, since the configuration can be simplified, costs can be reduced. Furthermore, since the rotation axis of the ring cutter is disposed below the rotation axis of the drum cutter, the grooves excavated by the drum cutter and the ring cutter have a smaller step at the bottom.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a trench drilling machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of a trench drilling machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a front view showing an embodiment of a trench drilling machine according to the present invention. Main part sectional view showing the transmission mechanism of the embodiment of the excavator, No. 4
The figure is a front view showing a state in which individual units of a trench excavator according to the present invention are arranged in parallel, FIG. 5 is a front view showing another embodiment of the trench excavator according to the present invention, and FIG. 7A and 8A are side views showing other embodiments of the trench drilling machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a side view showing another embodiment of the trench drilling machine according to the present invention.
and FIG. 8B is a front view thereof. 10...Device main body, 16...Rotary drive source, 18
A, 18B, 18C...Gear case, 20...Horizontal rotation axis of drum cutter, 22...Drum cutter, 26...Ring cutter, 28...Horizontal rotation axis of ring cutter, 34, 36, 38, 40, 4
2, 44, 46, 48, 50, 54, 55, 5
6, 58, 60, 72, 74...gear, 63...
reverse tube.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A device main body, a drive source mounted on the device main body, a pair of drum cutters coaxially arranged at a predetermined interval at the tip of the device main body and having a horizontal axis of rotation; Between the pair of drum cutters, a pair of ring cutters are arranged eccentrically downward with respect to the rotational axis of the drum cutters and are capable of excavating approximately the same width as the excavation width of the drum cutters, and a space formed on the upper opposing surfaces of the pair of drum cutters. A trench drilling machine, comprising: a power transmission mechanism that transmits power from a rotational drive source to the pair of drum cutters and the pair of ring cutters. 2. The trench excavator according to claim 1, wherein a lower end of a reverse pipe for discharging slime is disposed in the gap between the pair of drum cutters. 3. The trench hole excavator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of excavating units each including the pair of drum cutters and a pair of ring cutters arranged between the pair of drum cutters are arranged in parallel at the lower part of the main body of the apparatus. 4. The trench excavator according to claim 3, wherein a lower end of a reverse pipe for discharging slime is disposed in the gap formed in the excavation unit.