JPH0368404A - Device for removing deposit on tank bottom - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To discharge the deposit on the tank bottom in its concd. state by linking a driving means to a guide member and using the inner end of a lower movable bottom plate as a lid. CONSTITUTION:The upper movable bottom plate 82 is inclined downward from the tank wall 19 side, and its lower edge is slidably abutted on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate 81. When the outer free end of the lower movable bottom plate 81 is lifted by the driving means 3, the lower movable bottom plates are separated from each other to open the tank 2, gradually inclined and finally inclined at the same angle as the upper movable bottom plate 82 in its stationary state. Consequently, the suspended matter in the water in the tank is deposited, and the deposit flows down on the inclined surface of the upper movable bottom plate 82 and settled on the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate 81. The lower movable bottom plate 81 is then inclined, a groove 2 is opened, and the settled deposit is sent into the groove. The space and energy are saved in this way.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention aims to remove various sediments deposited on the bottom of aquarium equipment.
The present invention relates to a device for removing sediments from the bottom of a tank, which can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the tank without causing diffusion or resuspension in the tank liquid.

(Prior Art and its Problems) Water tanks for water treatment such as sedimentation tanks, concentration tanks, treatment tanks, aquaculture tanks, etc. have various shapes and sizes depending on the purpose for which they are installed.

There are cylindrical tanks with funnel-shaped bottoms in order to easily take out the sediment that accumulates at the bottom of the tank, but this shape can be used in equipment that handles a large amount of water, such as in aquaculture or wastewater treatment. is not appropriate in terms of construction cost, processing capacity, etc.

In addition, in aquaculture tanks for fish, crustaceans, and other aquatic animals, leftover feed and excrement are deposited at the bottom of the tank, and if left untreated, they will degenerate and rot, turning into sludge, leading to deterioration of water quality, such as a lack of dissolved oxygen. , disease, and even death.

In particular, in crustaceans such as the sea bream, there is a significant change in food intake after molting, from 0 food intake in the anorexic state during the decarburization stage to 0.
The amount of food consumed per day fluctuates up to a maximum of 20% or more of body weight. Moreover, the key to fattening is to satiate the animals when they reach their maximum food intake. In normal group rearing,
It is possible to estimate and administer the average amount of food consumed, but in individual breeding, it is necessary to distinguish between each individual and adjust the amount of food given, but it is virtually impossible to take such effort. Since the sum of the maximum amount of food consumed by each individual is always administered, a considerable amount of food remains and an increase in sediment is unavoidable.

In addition to forming the bottom of the tank into a funnel shape as described above, various methods have been proposed for removing sediment that has settled or accumulated widely on the bottom of the tank, but the most common method is scraping. This is a method of exposing the bottom of the tank with a panel.

There are various ways to drive the raking plate, but the common ones are (a) cutting a part of the bottom of the tank to provide a sludge scoop or pit; and (b) driving the raking plate to the bottom of the tank. Slide the sediment to the bottom and collect it in a sludge awl or sludge pit. (c) The collected sludge is discharged together with the treated water by water pressure through a pipe leading to the sludge awl or sludge pit. It is to discharge.

In such conventional technology, in which sediments are scraped from the bottom of a tank using a mechanically driven member, (a) a sludge cone or a sludge pit where the raked sediments are concentrated is used to prevent the sediments from being submerged again; In order to prevent the sediment from dispersing into the tank and to smoothly discharge the sediment to the outside of the tank through a pipe or the like, the walls must be inclined at an angle of 45 degrees or more with respect to the water surface. In addition, in the case of a rectangular tank, the sludge removal pit becomes larger in proportion to the width of the tank, increasing construction costs.

(b) In the case of a circular aquarium, the scraping plate rotates around the center, and in the case of a square aquarium, a revolving chino with elongated scraping plates attached at regular intervals constantly rotates, increasing running costs.

There are other problems.

The settling efficiency of solids and suspended solids in water is determined by how to reduce hydraulic turbulence, which is a factor that hinders the settling of suspended solid particles in water.

As long as the method involves constantly driving the scraping plate at a constant speed to sweep up the sediment, it is inevitable that hydraulic disturbances will occur in the tank, which will impair the sedimentation efficiency. In particular, when the scraping plates are driven by a revolving chino, the upper and lower scraping plates move and rotate in opposite directions, further aggravating hydraulic turbulence. In addition, since the sediment deposited on the bottom of the tank is moved while being pushed by a scraping plate to a sludge cone, etc., the movement distance is long, and the solids deposited on the bottom of the tank are diffused back into the water, which is also efficient. This is a factor in the decline.

Furthermore, in a rectangular breeding tank for aquatic animals, rotating the scraping plate is harmful to the aquatic animals in the tank.

The only way to remove leftover food and metabolic excreta is to use a siphon or pump inlet to clean the bottom of the tank like a vacuum cleaner, or to have a person dive into the tank and remove it, which requires a lot of effort. . In relatively small capacity rectangular tanks used for seedling production,
An automatic machine has been developed that uses sensors to move across the top of the tank and suck up sediment from the bottom of the tank, but it is expensive and difficult to apply to corporate-scale aquaculture tanks. Met.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and is suitable for rectangular aquarium facilities, and has a structure of aquariums that is smaller than the conventional scraping board system. is easy, has excellent precipitation efficiency,
The purpose of the present invention is to reveal a tank bottom sediment removal device that is capable of removing sediment in an extremely highly concentrated state with little re-diffusion of the sediment into water.

The tank bottom sediment removal device of the present invention has a groove (2) with an open top and a drainage groove (2) provided at the bottom of a tank (20) such as various sedimentation tanks for water treatment and aquarium for aquaculture. a guide member (8) disposed along the groove and having an inclined surface for guiding the tank bottom sediment into the groove (2); and a lid body (9) disposed on the groove (2) for opening and closing the opening of the filler (2). The groove (2) has a water passage hole (14) and a discharge port (18) at both ends, respectively, and the guide member (8) has an inner end near the opening of the groove (2). a lower movable bottom plate (81) rotatably pivoted to the groove (2);
an upper movable bottom plate (82) rotatably pivoted on the tank wall (19) along the guide member ( 8) is connected to a driving means (5) for raising and lowering the free ends of both plates, and when the lower movable bottom plate (81) is in a substantially horizontal state, the inner end of the lower movable bottom plate (81) is connected to the lid (9). It is also used as.

(Function) In a steady state, as shown by the solid line in Fig. 3, the opposing lower movable bottom plates (81) (8t) abut each other horizontally on the groove (2) and cover the groove (2). .

The upper movable bottom plate (82) is inclined downward from the tank wall (19) side, and its lower edge is slidably in contact with the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate (81).

When the outer free end of the lower movable bottom plate (81) is lifted by the driving means (3), the lower movable bottom plates (81) (81) begin to tilt apart from each other while opening the groove (2), and return to a steady state. It has almost the same slope as the upper movable bottom plate (82) in .

Therefore, in a steady state, the sediment suspended in the water of the aquarium flows down the slope of the upper movable bottom plate (82) and is deposited on the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate (81).

When the sediment is being removed, the lower movable bottom plate (81)
The outer free end of the lower movable bottom plate (81) is tilted and the groove (2) is opened, and the precipitate deposited on the bottom plate is poured into the tank.

Return each movable bottom plate to a steady state, cover the top of the groove,
After forming the groove as a pipe body, the sediment collection groove (
2) Open the outlet (18). This allows water to fill (2) from the water hole (14) drilled at the opposite end of the groove (2).
Water flows into the tank, and the remaining bait in the tank (2) is discharged out of the tank by a constant drainage flow that passes through the vibrator-shaped groove.

When installing the sediment removal device according to the embodiment in a culture tank for crustaceans such as sea bream, it is recommended to remove the remaining bait every time feeding is done several times a day, and when feeding is completed. , it only takes a very short time, so the administrative burden is light.

Therefore, deterioration and decay of residual feed in the tank, which is the main cause of deterioration of breeding environment water, are prevented, and it is also effective in preserving the quality of filtered circulating water during temperature-controlled aquaculture for the purpose of growth promotion and year-round production. In addition to achieving space and energy savings, the industrial use effect is significant.

(Effects of the Invention) The device for removing sediment from the bottom of the tank according to the present invention only needs to be operated for a very short time only when it is necessary to remove the sediment, depending on the sedimentation situation of the sediment. The device is normally operated for less than one minute. Moreover, during this time, the water in the tank remains stationary or flows very slowly in a certain direction, which is necessary when purification treatment by sedimentation is performed continuously, and no hydraulic turbulence occurs that prevents floating/suspended solid particles from settling. , improve sedimentation efficiency.

Furthermore, since the sediment is poured into the groove, the distance it travels is short, and compared to the conventional scraping plate system, the problem of re-diffusion of the sediment into the water is eliminated.

Furthermore, when attempting to remove highly concentrated precipitates, it may be advantageous to allow more than a certain amount of the precipitates to settle on the bottom of the tank.

In such cases, the device of the present invention exhibits excellent effects. That is, in the conventional scraping plate system, since the scraping plate is constantly sliding on the tank bottom, it is impossible to deposit sediment on the tank bottom. Even if it were possible to deposit the sludge, it would be impossible to move it to the sludge cone or sludge pit while maintaining the sludge because the sludge would be re-dispersed.

With the device of the present invention, it is possible to deposit sediment for an unlimited period of time as long as there are no other problems, except during very short periods of operation, and it is possible to pour sediment into the groove without causing re-diffusion. It can be collected.

Furthermore, it is possible to extract precipitates that are several times more concentrated than conventional devices.

In addition, in various types of sedimentation tanks for water treatment, the distribution of sediment in the tank is such that the closer it is to the inlet of the raw water, the better the settling properties are, and the closer it is to the outlet of the treated water, the stronger the buoyancy is and the less it settles. Become slow. When cleaning the tank bottom with a conventional scraping plate, it is not possible to discharge the sediment locally depending on the distribution amount of the sediment, but this device divides the grooves (2) as necessary. Furthermore, since the groove capacity and the number of installed rows can be changed for each section, the sediment can be sorted and discharged according to the quality and quantity distribution of the sediment in the tank.

Furthermore, if necessary, it becomes possible to install an inclined plate sedimentation separator in all or part of the sedimentation tank, thereby improving the quality of treated water.

(Examples) The present invention will be specifically described below based on Examples. The drawing shows the present invention implemented in a culture tank for aquatic animals.

The sediment removal device (30) is installed in the bottom area of the water tank (20).

A framework (1) is provided which has a groove (2) along the center line (in the case of a rectangular aquarium, the longitudinal center line) of a rectangular aquarium (20) and can be installed on the bottom of the tank. The frame (1) is formed of a rigid rod-shaped structural material made of metal or synthetic resin that has been subjected to rust-proofing treatment.

As shown in Figure 3, the lower part of the framework (1) has a tank wall (19
) and a U-shaped part (22) that sandwiches the groove (2).

A tilting drive means (5) for a guide member (8), which will be described later, is provided on the support portion (21).

The tilting drive means (5) of the embodiment includes a rotating shaft (4) provided at the corner of the supporting portion (21), and a float connecting body (31) having a float (3) at the tip thereof is attached to the rotating shaft (4). ).

A pair of guide members (8) (8) are provided on the framework (1) to guide the sediment into the groove (2). Each guide member (8)
is composed of a lower movable bottom plate (81) and an upper movable bottom plate (82).

A lower movable bottom plate (
81). The tank wall of this lower movable bottom plate (81) (
19) The leaning edge is supported at an appropriate location on the float connector (31) to keep it level. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part showing this state, in which the lower movable bottom plate (81) is attached to the U-shaped part (22) of the framework (1) by a double-action hinge (23) with a retaining foot part. There is. Lower movable bottom plate (8
1) is horizontal, the gaskets (13) (13) interposed between the two opposing lower movable bottom plates (81) and (81) and on the upper edge surface of the groove (2), respectively, The bottom plates and the grooves (2) are in close contact with each other. That is, the butt end of the movable bottom plate (81) is connected to the lid (9).
It is also used as.

Further, the close contact portions of the rain lower movable bottom plates (81) (81) are positioned by a groove cover holder (12) attached to the lower end of the hanging portion of the framework (1), and cover the groove (2).

An upper movable bottom plate (82) is pivotally supported at a corner portion of the upper part of the framework (1) in contact with the tank wall (19) so as to be able to swing downward.

The upper movable bottom plate (82) is tilted at an angle of about 3.8 to 45 degrees with respect to the water surface, and its lower edge is slidably in contact with a portion of the lower movable bottom plate (81) near the tank wall.

The float (3) has an outer shell with a water inlet hole (7), an inner bag is placed inside, and an air hose (6) is connected to the inner bag. In this way, when floating the float (3), air is blown into the inner bag, and as the inner bag expands, water in the shell is gradually discharged from the water filling hole (7). The float (3) floats and directly lifts the lower movable bottom plate (81) until the float connector (31) abuts the stopper (18), and at the same time indirectly lifts the upper movable bottom plate (82).

As shown by the broken line in Fig. 3, the lower movable bottom plate (81) is in the inclined position and the upper movable bottom plate (82) is in the horizontal position during the removal operation in which the deposited sediment is poured into the groove (2). belongs to. When air is removed from the inner bag of the float (3), the inner bag contracts and loses its buoyancy as water enters, causing the float (3) to sink to the bottom of the tank.

As shown by the solid line in Figure 3, the lower movable bottom plate (81) remains horizontal and covers the groove (2), and the upper movable bottom plate (82)
is inclined to - this is the steady state in which the precipitate is deposited.

In the case of the example, when the float (3) floats and sinks, air bubbles are not violently ejected into the water, so the water is not disturbed, and the tank remains calm at all times, preventing suspended solids such as leftover food from settling. It also contributes to stable deposition. The upper movable bottom plates (81) and (82) in a steady state enter a removing operation state due to the function of the float (3), and then return to a steady state using the appropriate weight of each movable bottom plate (81) and (82). This sedimentation speed is controlled by an adjuster (1) on the vertical edge of the upper movable bottom plate (82).
1) can be attached and adjusted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the groove (2), the lower movable bottom plate (81) and the upper movable bottom plate (82) are connected to the water tank (20).
The length is equal to the longitudinal direction of the float connecting body (31).
In addition, the full-cover lid pressers (12) are arranged at appropriate pitches, and the floats (3) are connected to each float connection body (31) or to a plurality of float connection bodies (31) (5'), and these are all assembled into a framework. This is closely related to (1).

Further, one end of the groove (2) penetrates the water tank (20) to open a drain port (18), and the drain port is equipped with a valve (19). At the other end of the groove (2), a water passage hole (14) is bored in the cover portion of the lower movable bottom plate (81) or in the side wall surface of the groove (2).

In addition, as another embodiment for lifting the lower movable bottom plate (81), instead of the float (3), a suspension rope such as a chain or wire, or a suitable link mechanism or cylinder device can be used, and compressed air for aeration can be used. This is a convenient method for aquariums that do not have a water source.

However, in a steady state, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, the opposing lower movable bottom plates (81) (81) abut each other in a horizontal state and cover the groove (2).

The upper movable bottom plate (82) is tilted downward from the edge near the tank wall (19) which is pivotally supported at an appropriate height, and its lower edge slides onto the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate (81) near the tank wall (19). possible contact.

Next, by means such as applying a float (3),
When the lower movable bottom plate (81) is lifted near the tank wall (19), the lower movable bottom plate (81) separates from each other and begins to tilt while opening the groove (2), and the upper movable bottom plate (82) in the steady state ) has almost the same slope.

Therefore, in a steady state, the sediment suspended in the water of the aquarium flows down the slope of the upper movable bottom plate (82) and is deposited on the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate (81). When the sediment is being removed, one edge of the lower movable bottom plate (81) is raised, and the lower movable bottom plate (81) is tilted. M(
2) is opened and the precipitate deposited on the bottom plate is poured into the groove.

Return each movable bottom plate to a steady state, cover the top surface,
After treating the groove as a pipe body, collect the sediment from the full volume (2).
16), open the valve (14) that communicates with the valve. As a result, water flows into the groove (2) from the water hole (14) drilled at the opposite end of the groove (2), and the remaining bait, etc. in the groove (2) is drained into the pipe-shaped groove. The wastewater is collected into a collecting tank (16) by a constant flow of waste water passing through it. The remaining bait and the like collected in this collecting box (16) are collected by a receiving net (17) inserted in advance and are reused or processed.

Drainage water is discharged from the drainage ditch (15), and at the same time, water is replenished by appropriate means to maintain the water level in the water tank (20).

The relationship between the angle of inclination of each movable bottom plate and the speed at which sediment such as leftover feed and excrement of aquatic animals settles along the slope is determined by the smoothness of the surface of each movable bottom plate, the grain size, shape, specific gravity of the feed, etc. There are differences depending on the Usually used as feed for aquatic animals,
The inclination angle (θ
) ranges from 38 degrees to 43 degrees relative to the water surface. Furthermore, the device of the embodiment is installed in multiple units in parallel for a wide aquarium, and conversely, for a narrow aquarium, a full (2) and a lower movable bottom plate (2) are installed.
It is also possible to install only 81) on one or both sides.

When installing the sediment removal device according to the embodiment in a culture tank for crustaceans such as sea bream, it is recommended to remove the remaining bait every time feeding is done several times a day, and when feeding is completed. , it only takes a very short time, so the administrative burden is light.

Therefore, deterioration and decay of residual feed in the tank, which is the main cause of deterioration of breeding environment water, are prevented, and it is also effective in preserving the quality of filtered circulating water during temperature-controlled aquaculture for the purpose of growth promotion and year-round production. In addition to achieving space and energy savings, the industrial use effect is significant.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, the water passage hole (14) can be formed to penetrate the tank wall to introduce water from outside the tank, and in addition, the above-mentioned Various modifications are possible within the technical scope of the claims, such as combining the respective embodiments.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the first embodiment, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same as above,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line mm in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main parts. (2)...Groove (8)...Guide member (14)...Water hole

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] [1] Various types of sedimentation tanks for water treatment, tanks such as aquaculture tanks (20
) and a groove (2) provided at the bottom of the groove (2) with an open top surface;
a guide member (8) disposed along the groove (2) and having an inclined surface for guiding the tank bottom sediment into the groove (2); and a lid body disposed on the groove (2) for opening and closing the opening of the groove (2). (9), and is provided with a water passage hole (14) and a discharge port (18) at both ends of the groove (2), respectively, and the guide member (8) is arranged near the inner end of the groove (2). A lower movable bottom plate (81) is rotatably pivoted near the opening, and a lower movable bottom plate (81) is rotatably pivoted on the tank wall (19) along the groove (2) and has an inner edge. ), the guide member (8) is connected to a driving means (5) for raising and lowering the free ends of both plates, and the lower movable bottom plate (81) is connected to the guide member (8). ) is in a substantially horizontal state, the inner end of the lower movable bottom plate (81) also serves as the lid (9).