JPH04358504A - Removing device for tank bottom precipitate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remove precipitate in a water tank. CONSTITUTION:A device consists of a channel 2 with its upper face open formed on the bottom of a water tank 20 for cultivation or water treatment, a guide component 8 with an inclined side arranged on the channel 2 for guiding precipitate on the tank bottom arranged along the channel 2 and a cover 9 for opening and closing an opening of the channel 2 arranged on the channel 2, and the guide component 8 is formed into a long casing body with an inclined face low from a ridge to both sides and a cover 9 is arranged appearing and disappearing below the guide component. Precipitate suspended in the water in the tank 20 and precipitated therein is slid along the inclined face of the guide component 8 and precipitated in the channel 2. The precipitate can be discharged outside the tank efficiently by blocking an upper face opening of the channel 2 by a cover 9 and discharging the water containing the precipitate out of a drain outlet.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a tank bottom sedimentation method that can efficiently discharge various sediments deposited on the bottom of a tank of aquarium equipment to the outside of the tank without causing diffusion or resuspension in the tank liquid. This invention relates to an object removal device.

0002

[Prior art and its problems] Various settling tanks for water treatment,
Water tanks such as concentration tanks, treatment tanks, and aquaculture tanks have various shapes and sizes depending on the purpose for which they are installed. There are cylindrical tanks with funnel-shaped bottoms in order to easily take out the sediment that accumulates at the bottom of the tank, but this shape can be used in equipment that handles a large amount of water, such as in aquaculture or wastewater treatment. is not appropriate in terms of construction cost, processing capacity, etc.

In addition, in aquaculture tanks for aquatic animals such as fish and crustaceans, leftover feed and excrement are deposited at the bottom of the tank, and if left untreated, they will deteriorate and turn into sludge due to decomposition, resulting in a lack of dissolved oxygen, etc.
This leads to deterioration of water quality, causing disease and even death. In particular, the food intake of crustaceans such as cicadas changes significantly after molting, from 0 to 1 during the molting period.
Daily food intake fluctuates up to a maximum of 20% or more of body weight. Moreover, the key to fattening is to satiate the animals when they reach their maximum food intake.

[0004] In normal group rearing, it is possible to estimate the average amount of food consumed and then administer the food, but in individual rearing, it is necessary to distinguish between each individual and adjust the amount of food, but such time and effort are required. Since it is virtually impossible to multiply the total amount of food consumed by each individual, and the total amount of food consumed by each individual is always administered, a considerable amount of food remains and an increase in sediment is unavoidable.

[0005] In addition to forming the tank bottom into a funnel shape as described above, various means have been proposed for removing the precipitates that have settled or accumulated widely on the tank bottom, but the most common method is The method is to clean the bottom of the tank with a scraping board. There are various ways to drive the raking plate, but the common ones are (a) cutting a part of the bottom of the tank to provide a sludge scoop or pit; and (b) driving the raking plate into the tank. Slide the sediment to the bottom and collect it in a sludge awl or sludge pit (c) The collected sludge is removed from the tank together with the treated water by water pressure through a pipe leading to the sludge awl or sludge pit. It is to discharge to.

[0006] In the conventional technique of scraping the sediment at the bottom of the tank using a mechanically driven member, (a)
The sludge cone or sludge pit where the raked sediment concentrates is designed to prevent the sediment from dispersing into the water again.
In order to smoothly drain the sediment out of the tank through pipes, etc., the walls must be inclined at an angle of 45 degrees or more with respect to the water surface. In addition, in the case of a rectangular tank, the sludge removal pit becomes larger in proportion to the width of the tank, increasing construction costs. (b) In the case of a circular aquarium, the scraping plate rotates around the center, and in the case of a rectangular aquarium, a revolving chain with elongated scraping plates attached at regular intervals constantly rotates, increasing running costs. There are other problems.

[0007] The efficiency of settling solids and suspended solids in water is determined by how to reduce hydraulic turbulence, which is a factor that hinders the settling of suspended solid particles in water. As long as the method involves constantly driving the scraping plate at a constant speed to sweep up the sediment, it is inevitable that hydraulic turbulence will occur in the tank, which will impair the sedimentation efficiency. In particular, when the scraping plates are driven by the orbiting chain, the upper and lower scraping plates move and rotate in opposite directions, which further promotes hydraulic turbulence. In addition, since the sediment deposited on the bottom of the tank is moved while being pushed by a scraping plate to the sludge cone, etc., the moving distance is long, and the solids that have settled on the bottom of the tank once again diffuse into the water, which also reduces efficiency. This is a factor. Furthermore, in a rectangular breeding tank for aquatic animals, rotating the scraping plate is harmful to the aquatic animals in the tank.

[0008] The only way to remove remaining feed and metabolic excrement is to use a siphon or pump inlet to clean the bottom of the tank like a vacuum cleaner, or to have a person dive into the tank and take it out, which requires a lot of effort. It cost. For relatively small-capacity rectangular tanks used for seed production, automatic machines have been developed that use sensors to move across the top of the tank and suck up sediment from the bottom of the tank, but these are expensive and are not suitable for corporate-scale fisheries production. It was difficult to apply it to animal culture tanks. The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is suitable for rectangular aquarium facilities, has a simpler aquarium structure than the conventional scraping plate system, and has excellent sedimentation efficiency. The purpose of the present invention is to reveal a tank bottom sediment removal device that is capable of removing sediment in an extremely highly concentrated state with little re-diffusion of the sediment into water.

[0009]

[Means for solving the problem] The tank bottom sediment removal device of the present invention is suitable for use in tanks such as various sedimentation tanks for water treatment, aquaculture tanks, etc.
) and a groove (2) provided at the bottom of the groove (2) with an open top surface;
a guide member (8) disposed along the groove (2) and having an inclined surface for guiding the tank bottom sediment into the groove (2); and a lid body disposed on the groove (2) for opening and closing the opening of the groove (2). (9), the guide member (8) is formed into an elongated casing having slopes that slope low on both sides from the ridgeline, and a lid (9) is provided below the guide member so as to be retractable. ing.

0010

[Operation] The sediment suspended in the water in the tank (20) slides over the slope of the guide member (8) and settles in the groove (2). The sediment removal work can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the tank by closing the top opening of the groove (2) with the lid (9) and draining the water containing the sediment from the discharge port (18).

[0011]

[Effects of the Invention] The tank bottom sediment removal device of the present invention only needs to be operated for a very short time only when it is necessary to remove the sediment, depending on the sedimentation status of the sediment. The device is normally operated for less than one minute. Moreover, during that time, the water in the aquarium remains still or flows very slowly in a certain direction, which is necessary when performing continuous purification treatment by sedimentation.
There are no hydraulic turbulences that impede the settling of suspended solid particles, improving settling efficiency.

Furthermore, since the sediment is poured into the groove, the distance it travels is short, and compared to the conventional scraping plate system, the problem of the sediment re-dispersing into the water is eliminated. Furthermore, when attempting to remove highly concentrated precipitates, it may be advantageous to allow the precipitates to settle to a certain extent at the bottom of the tank.

[0013] In such cases, the apparatus of the present invention exhibits excellent effects. That is, in the conventional scraping plate system, since the scraping plate is constantly sliding on the tank bottom, it is impossible to deposit sediment on the tank bottom. Even if it were possible to deposit the sludge, it would be impossible to move it to the sludge cone or sludge pit while maintaining the sludge because the sludge would be re-dispersed. With the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to deposit the precipitate for an unlimited period of time unless there are other problems, except during very short operating times. Then, it can be poured into the groove and collected without causing re-diffusion. Furthermore, it is possible to extract precipitates that are several times more concentrated than conventional means.

In addition, in various types of sedimentation tanks for water treatment, the distribution of sediment in the tank is such that the closer it is to the raw water inlet, the better the sedimentation properties are, and the closer it is to the treated water outlet, the better the buoyancy is. Strong and slow sedimentation. When cleaning the tank bottom with a conventional scraping plate, it is not possible to discharge the sediment locally depending on the distribution amount of the sediment, but this device divides the grooves (2) as necessary. In addition, since the groove capacity and the number of installed rows can be changed for each section, it is possible to sort and discharge the precipitate according to the distribution of quality and quantity of the precipitate in the tank. Furthermore, if necessary, it becomes possible to install an inclined plate sedimentation separation device in all or part of the sedimentation tank, thereby improving the quality of treated water.

[0015]

[Examples] The present invention will be specifically explained below based on Examples. First Example (Figs. 1 to 4) The first example was implemented in a culture tank for aquatic animals. The sediment removal device (30) is installed in the bottom area of the water tank (20). A framework (1) is provided which has a groove (2) along the center line (in the case of a rectangular aquarium, the longitudinal center line) of a rectangular aquarium (20) and can be installed on the bottom of the tank. The framework is formed of a rigid rod-shaped structural material made of metal or synthetic resin that has been subjected to rust-proofing treatment.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lower part of the framework (1) has support parts (21) on both sides that contact the tank wall (10), and a groove (
2). A float rotation shaft (4) is provided at a corner of the support portion (21), and a float coupling body (5) having a float (3) at its tip is attached to the float rotation shaft (4). A pair of guide members (8) (8) for guiding the sediment into the groove (2) is provided on the framework (1). Each guide member (8) is composed of a lower movable bottom plate (81) and an upper movable bottom plate (82). The framework (
A lower movable bottom plate (81) is attached to the edge of the flange piece forming the U-shaped portion (22) of 1) via a double-acting hinge (23). The edge of the lower movable bottom plate (81) closer to the tank wall (10) is supported at an appropriate location on the float connector (5) and kept horizontal.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part showing this state, and the lower movable bottom plate (81) is attached to the U-shaped part (22) of the framework (1) by a double-action hinge (23) with a retaining foot part. installed. When the lower movable bottom plate (81) is horizontal, the gaskets (13) (13) are interposed between the two opposing lower movable bottom plates (81) and on the upper edge of the groove (2). , each bottom plate and groove (2)
and each bottom plate are in close contact with each other. That is, the abutting end of the lower movable bottom plate (81) also serves as the lid (9). Further, the close contact portions of both lower movable bottom plates (81) (81) are positioned by a groove cover holder (12) attached to the lower end of the hanging portion of the framework (1), and cover the groove (2).

An upper movable bottom plate (82) is pivotally supported at a corner portion of the upper part of the framework (1) in contact with the tank wall (10) so as to be able to swing downward. The upper movable bottom plate (82) has a height of 38 to 4
In an inclined position of about 5 degrees, the lower edge is slidably abutted on the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate (81) near the tank wall. In the embodiment, the float (3) has an outer shell with an inlet and drain hole (7), an inner bag is placed inside, and an air hose (6) is connected to the inner bag. In this way, when floating the float (3), air is blown into the inner bag, and as the inner bag expands, water in the shell is gradually discharged from the water filling hole (7). The float (3) floats and directly lifts the lower movable bottom plate (81) until the float connector (5) abuts the stopper (51), and at the same time indirectly lifts the upper movable bottom plate (82).

During the removal operation in which the deposited sediment is poured into the groove (2), the lower movable bottom plate (81) is tilted and the upper movable bottom plate (82) is in a horizontal position, as shown by the broken line in FIG. becomes. When air is removed from the inner bag of the float (3), the inner bag contracts and loses its buoyancy as water enters, causing the float (3) to sink to the bottom of the tank. As shown by the solid line in Figure 3,
The lower movable bottom plate (81) remains horizontal and covers the groove (2), and the upper movable bottom plate (82) tilts and hangs thereon, and this state is a steady state in which sediment is deposited.

[0020] In the case of the example, since air bubbles are not violently ejected into the water when the float (3) floats and sinks, the water is not disturbed, and the water is always calm and the remaining food etc. are not suspended. Contributes to stable quality sedimentation and deposition. Upper and lower movable bottom plates (81), (82) in steady state
) enters the removal operation state by the function of the float (3), and then returns to the steady state, but each movable bottom plate (81)
, (82) maintains an appropriate sedimentation rate due to its own weight, but
This sedimentation speed can be adjusted by attaching an adjuster (11) to the ascending and descending edge side of the upper movable bottom plate (82).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the groove (2)
, the lower movable bottom plate (81) and the upper movable bottom plate (82) have the same length as the longitudinal direction of the water tank (20), and the float connecting body (5) and the groove cover holder (12) are arranged at appropriate pitches, and the float ( 3) connects each float connector (5) or a plurality of float connectors (5) (5);
All of these are closely related to framework (1). Also, the groove (
2) One end passes through the water tank (20) to open a drain port (18), and the drain port is equipped with a valve (19). groove(
2) At the other end, there is a cover part or a groove (
2) A water hole (14) is bored in the side wall surface. In addition, as another embodiment for lifting the lower movable bottom plate (81), instead of the float (3), a suspension rope such as a chain or wire, or an appropriate link mechanism or cylinder device may be used, and compressed air for aeration may be used. This is a convenient method for aquariums that do not have a water source.

However, in a steady state, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, the opposing lower movable bottom plates (81) are connected horizontally, and the edges near the center line butt against each other to form the groove (2).
) is covered. The upper movable bottom plate (82) is tilted downward from the edge near the tank wall (10) which is pivoted at an appropriate height position, and slides its lower edge onto the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate (81) near the tank wall (10). It is in movable contact.

Next, when the portion of the lower movable bottom plate (81) near the tank wall (10) is lifted by means such as applying the float (3), the lower movable bottom plate (81) is separated from each other and falls into the groove ( 2) begins to tilt while opening, and has almost the same slope as the upper movable bottom plate (82) in a steady state. Therefore, in a steady state, the sediment suspended in the water of the aquarium flows down the slope of the upper movable bottom plate (82) and is deposited on the upper surface of the lower movable bottom plate (81). When the sediment is being removed, one edge of the lower movable bottom plate (81) is raised, the lower movable bottom plate (81) is tilted, and the groove (2) is opened to remove the sediment that had been deposited on the bottom plate. Inject into the groove.

After returning each movable bottom plate to a steady state and covering the upper surface of the groove to form a pipe body, the valve (14) communicating from the groove (2) to the sediment collection box (16) is opened. . As a result, water flows into the groove (2) from the water hole (14) drilled at the opposite end of the groove (2), and the remaining bait, etc. in the groove (2) is drained into the pipe-shaped groove. The wastewater is collected into a collecting tank (16) by a constant flow of waste water passing through it. This collected volume (1
The remaining bait collected in 6) is placed in a receiving net (17) that has been inserted in advance.
) and are collected for reuse or processing. Drainage water is discharged from the drainage ditch (15), and at the same time, water is replenished by appropriate means to maintain the water level in the water tank (20).

[0025] The relationship between the angle of inclination of each movable bottom plate and the rate at which sediment such as leftover feed and excrement of aquatic animals settles along the slope depends on the smoothness of the surface of each movable bottom plate and the particle size and shape of the feed.・There are differences depending on specific gravity, etc. The inclination angle (θ ) ranges from 38 degrees to 43 degrees relative to the water surface.

[0026] Furthermore, the apparatus of the embodiment is suitable for a wide aquarium.
Install several in parallel, and use grooves (2) for narrow aquariums.
It is also possible to install only the lower movable bottom plate (81) on one side or both sides. When installing the sediment removal device according to the embodiment in a culture tank for crustaceans such as sea bream, it is recommended to remove the remaining bait every time feeding is done several times a day, and when feeding is completed. , it only takes a very short time, so the administrative burden is light. Therefore, deterioration and decay of residual feed in the tank, which is the main cause of deterioration of breeding environment water, are prevented, and it is also effective in preserving the quality of filtered circulating water during temperature-controlled aquaculture for the purpose of growth promotion and year-round production. In addition to achieving space and energy savings, the industrial use effect is significant. The second, third, and fourth embodiments will be described below, but the explanation of the effects common to the first embodiment will be omitted.

Second Embodiment (FIGS. 5 to 9) In the second embodiment, the present invention is applied to a settling tank at the end of wastewater treatment using the activated sludge method. In Figures 5 and 6, sewage flows into the tank from the raw water inflow weir (25) placed on the upper right side of the tank (20), gradually moves to the left side, and settles sludge during the transition. , the treated water outflow weir (26
). Multiple grooves in the longitudinal direction on the bottom of the tank (2)
A guide member (8) is provided between adjacent grooves along the entire length of the tank. There are rectifying plates (29) at both ends of the groove (2).
(29) is deployed.

As shown in FIG. 8, the guide member (8) is formed into a long housing with a roof-like upper part, and has an inclined surface (83 )have. At the bottom of the guide member (8), lid bodies (9) covering the opening surface of the groove (2) are arranged in two upper and lower stages so as to be retractable. Each lid body (9) is formed to have a width that covers 1/2 of the opening width of the groove, and protrudes from the guide members on both sides of the groove (9).
), thus completely closing the groove (2).

Guide rods (91) are arranged at equal intervals on the groove, spanning the adjacent guide members (8), and the lid body (9
) The guide ring (96) protruding from the front end of the guide rod (91
) is slidably fitted. At the bottom of the guide member (8), cylinder devices (92) are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the guide member.
) is provided, and the piston rod (93
) is connected to the lid (9) and opens and closes the lid. Air piping (94) or hydraulic piping for driving the cylinder device (92) is provided within the guide member (8).

Both guide members (8a) in contact with both tank walls in the longitudinal direction of the water tank form an inclined surface (83) in the groove (2). A suction pipe (84) is located at the upper part of the guide member (8).
is arranged over almost the entire length of the guide member (8) in the longitudinal direction, and as shown in FIG. ), and the other end of the pipe (84) is bent diagonally downward to connect to the groove (2
) is open inside. At the end of the groove (2) on the water hole (14) side, there is a drain port (1) that penetrates the tank wall and has a valve (19).
8) is open. Connect the suction pump (
(not shown) are connected.

However, if the lid body (9) is housed in the guide member (8) and the top surface of the groove (2) is left open, the sludge contained in the wastewater in the tank will settle, and each guide member It is guided by the inclined surface (83) of the member (8) and settles in the groove (2). Groove (2
), the cylinder device (92) causes the lid (9) to protrude horizontally to close the upper opening of the groove (2). Operate the pump to suction and remove the sediment in the groove (2). Water in the tank flows from the suction pipe due to negative pressure in the groove (2) due to suction. The sediment in the groove (2) is pushed out of the groove (2) in a short time by the suction of the pump and the inflow water flowing into the upstream side of the groove (2) through the suction pipe (84).

[0032] The sewage moves slowly from the upstream side to the downstream side of the tank, and the sludge in the sewage settles during that time, so the amount of sludge contained in the sewage on the upstream side is greater than that on the downstream side. Therefore, as described above, when discharging the sediment in the groove (2), the concentration of sludge in the groove (2) can be maintained by introducing sewage into the groove (2) from the upstream side of the tank. Furthermore,
Since water is supplied into the groove (2) from the upstream side of the water tank, the vicinity of the outlet side of the water tank does not swing. In a long sewage treatment tank as described above, the sludge concentration and the amount of sludge sediment are different between the upstream and downstream sides of the tank, so each groove (2) is divided into 2 to 3 parts in the longitudinal direction. , the precipitate in the groove (2) may be removed by suction independently.

Third Embodiment FIG. 10 shows another embodiment in which the entire bottom of the tank is a single round bottom groove (2), and a guide member (2) is provided in the widthwise center of the groove (2). 8) is in place. The guide member (8) has the same structure as the guide member (8) shown in FIG. 8, and has both ends fixed to the upstream and downstream walls of the tank. The guide member (8) is provided with lids (9) (9) in two stages, upper and lower, which are horizontally retracted by a cylinder device (92), and are arranged in a groove (2).
) Open and close the upper opening.

[0034] Below the guide member (8) is a stirring blade (24).
) will be deployed. The rotating shaft of the stirring blade (24) rotatably passes through the tank wall and is connected to a rotational drive device (not shown). If the precipitates in the groove (2) contain substances with different particle sizes or specific gravity, or if a dense pressure area occurs, the groove (2)
2) Fluidity is lost at the bottom, and the water flow passes through the upper part of the groove (2), making it difficult to discharge the sediment uniformly. groove(
After closing the upper opening surface of 2), the stirring blade (24) is rotated to stir the precipitate, destroy the tight pressure area, and improve the fluidity in the groove (2). can be kept uniform and the precipitate can be quickly removed by suction.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 11 shows the guide member (
8) and another embodiment for driving the lid body (9). A plurality of grooves (2) are formed on the bottom of the tank, and each groove (2) is covered with a lid (9). Covers (9) (9) of adjacent grooves (2)
), and the lower ends of both inclined surfaces (83) (83) of the guide member (8) are pivotally connected to the end of the lid. The other end of the lid is slidably engaged with a guide rail (95) provided on the groove (2).

[0036] Below the guide member (8), cylinder devices (92) are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the groove (2). Each cylinder device (92) is arranged with a piston rod (93) facing upward, connecting the piston rod (93) to the inner surface of the top of the guide member (8). By protruding the piston rod (93), the guide member (8) rises, and the cover body (9) follows this and moves to the guide rail (94).
) and slide it up and open it. The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and for example, water holes (14
) can be formed through the tank wall to introduce water from the outside of the tank, and various other modifications are possible within the technical scope of the claims, such as combining each of the above embodiments. be.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same as above.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of main parts.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 5B-B in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5C-C in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line EE-E in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

(2) Groove (20) Tank (8) Guide member (9) Lid body (14) Water hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A groove (2) provided at the bottom of a tank (20) such as various sedimentation tanks for water treatment, aquariums for aquaculture, etc. and having an open top surface.
and the tank bottom sediment is disposed along the groove (2).
A guide member (8) having an inclined surface for guiding inward, and a groove (2).
) and a lid body (9) disposed on top of the groove (2) to open and close the opening of the groove (2). Guide member (
8) A tank bottom sediment removal device in which a lid body (9) is retractably disposed below.