JPH0364026B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an exterior wall of a building using tile blocks, and more specifically, to the use of individual units made of ceramics such as tiles and bricks as the exterior wall of a building. Block pieces, so-called tile blocks,
This relates to the improvement of the exterior wall of a building, which is constructed by being attached to a face plate fixed to the building frame.

[Conventional technology]

FIGS. 8 to 10 show how tile blocks are installed on exterior walls of buildings using conventional tile blocks of this type, each having a different construction.

In each of these figures of conventional examples, the structure of the exterior wall of the building is as follows:
A face plate 1 made of a metal plate formed into a predetermined shape is properly fixed, and individual tile blocks 2 are adhered to the surface of the face plate 1 with an adhesive 3, leaving predetermined joints between them. , a joint material 4 such as white cement is filled and solidified in the joints between each tile block 2.

and each tile block 2 for the face plate 1
The specific configuration for positioning and locking is as follows:
As shown in FIG. 8, folded protrusions 5 are formed on the surface of the face plate 1 at predetermined intervals and protrude at right angles, and each of the folded protrusions 5 is connected to the lower edge surface of each tile block 2. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. The lower inner corner of tile block 2 may be similarly supported, or the
As shown in FIG. 0, each fitting bulge 7 bulges out at predetermined intervals on the surface of the face plate 1 and has a substantially trapezoidal cross section.
The trapezoidal recess 8 formed on the back surface of each tile block 2 is fitted into and supported by each of these fitting bulges 7.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the case of an exterior wall using tile blocks with such a conventional configuration, when looking at each tile block, each tile block is simply one for each protrusion or each fitting bulge on the face plate. Since the parts are simply positioned and supported or fitted at certain points, and no firm means of fastening such as engagement is provided, they may be accidentally dropped during construction, resulting in extremely poor workability. In addition, the entire back side of each tile block is in close contact with the surface of the face plate, and there is no space at all, so it not only lacks adhesive properties, but also has cushioning properties against temperature gradients, so-called heat insulation properties. As a result, there are problems such as a decrease in adhesive strength due to seepage of rainwater, tile blocks falling off due to external heat such as fire, or failure to retain heat as an external wall. It was hot.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an exterior wall for a building using this type of tile block, which is easy to construct, has good heat insulation properties, and has a relatively simple structure. .

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the exterior wall of a building using the tile block according to the present invention has a dovetail-shaped engagement groove having wedge-shaped engagement grooves on the upper and lower inner sides.
A tile block that is formed to extend in the left-right direction at least in multiple upper and lower locations on the mounting back side and has several uneven grooves formed between each of the engagement grooves, and a tile block at the upper and lower positions corresponding to each of the engagement grooves. It is composed of upper and lower engagement protrusions that engage the respective engagement grooves, and a face plate in which engagement protrusions each having a engagement groove in the upper engagement protrusion are formed in a series in the left-right direction. This is what I did.

[Effect]

That is, in the present invention, for a plurality of mounting members installed at predetermined intervals in the left and right direction on the building frame side, each of the cut and raised protrusions is first engaged and held in each of the locking grooves of the face plate. Then, the upper and lower engagement grooves of the respective engagement grooves on the back side of the tile block are inserted and engaged between the upper and lower engagement protrusions of the respective engagement protrusions on this face plate, and the surfaces of these face plates are By bonding the tile block and the back of the tile block, the exterior wall of the desired building can be easily constructed.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the exterior wall of a building using the tile block according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

First, Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of the exterior wall of a building constructed according to this embodiment, Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing how the tile block is installed, and Fig. 3 is a foundation member and installation. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the state of connection with the members, and a perspective view of the tile block itself as seen from the back side.

In each of these figures, each tile block 9 is made of a fired body such as ceramic that has a predetermined surface shape, in this case an elongated rectangular shape, and on the back side where it is attached, there are wedge-shaped wedges on the top and bottom of the inside, respectively. A pair of upper and lower engagement grooves 10, 10 having engagement groove portions 10a, 10b are formed in the left and right direction in a so-called dovetail shape. Depending on the size, several uneven grooves 11 are formed above and below it for forming a hollow portion.

Further, the face plate 12 is made of a metal plate such as a steel plate, and is formed by roll forming or the like to form each of the engaging grooves 10, 10.
A series of engagement protrusions 13, 13 extending in the left-right direction are integrally formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. It has an upper engagement protrusion 13a on the upper side that projects obliquely upward and has a locking groove 13b inside for locking the upper wedge-shaped engagement groove 10a; connected to the upper engagement protrusion 13a via a hanging wall portion 13c;
It has a lower engagement protrusion 13d projecting diagonally downward for locking the lower wedge-shaped engagement groove 10b.

Further, to the building frame (not shown), long foundation members 14 made of C-shaped steel or the like extending in the left-right direction are fixed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and Each rising frame has flanges 15b, 15b on both sides, and each pair of engagement protrusions 1 on the face plate 12 are on the surface of each flange 15b, 15b.
3 and 13, a set of upper and lower cut-outs extending diagonally upward and rising vertically for locking the locking groove 13b in the upper engaging protrusion 13a. A long mounting member 15 having protruding pieces 16, 16 cut and raised is provided. Then, a plurality of these mounting members 15 are attached to each of the foundation members 14,
In other words, each mounting member 15 is arranged at a predetermined interval in the left and right direction, and in other words, each mounting member 15 is attached to each base member 14.
are arranged in a parallel grid pattern, and the center groove bottom 1
5a is firmly attached using a fixing member 17 such as a bolt as appropriate.

Assembling the respective members, that is, assembling the exterior wall according to this embodiment, is carried out as follows.

First, each mounting member 15 extending in the vertical direction and arranged at predetermined intervals in the left and right direction is fitted with each set of engagement members 15 on the face plate 12 with respect to each set of raised protrusions 16, 16. By fitting the locking grooves 13b, 13b formed in the convex portions 13, 13 from diagonally above and hooking and locking them, this face plate 12 can be attached to each mounting member 15 without using bolts or the like. Stretch it over the entire surface. In other words, it is possible to clearly distinguish between the so-called plastering work and the installation work using jigs and tools in tile block construction, which will be described below, in order to improve workability and efficiency. In this case, the face plate 12 that is stretched over the base plate 12 performs the same function as a lath mesh base in conventional mortar finishing.

Next, each engagement convex portion 13, 13 on the face plate 12
The upper and lower wedge-shaped engagement grooves 10a, 10d are bent and elastically deformed by the hanging wall 13c so that the mutual spacing between them becomes narrower. In between, individual tile blocks 9 with adhesive 1 applied to the back surface in advance
are engaged so that the upper and lower inner engaging grooves 10a and 10b are inserted, and the tile blocks 9 are attached to each other at a predetermined joint spacing, and fixed with adhesive at a predetermined position on the face plate 12. At the same time, each joint is filled with a joint material 20 such as white cement or an appropriate caulking material, and then assembled.
In this case, the adhesive 18 may be applied to the face plate 12 side.

Each tile block 9, which is attached and fixed by forming a predetermined joint on the surface of the face plate 12 in this way, has a pair of upper and lower engagement grooves 10, 10 connected to a series of engagement protrusions on the face plate 12. Since the parts 13 and 13 are respectively locked and bonded with the adhesive 18, accurate positioning and strong fixation can be achieved, and the inside of each engagement groove 10 and each uneven groove 11 can be achieved. Sufficient heat insulation can be obtained by the hollow portions formed in each.

5 and 6 show the mounting member 15.
A modification example of each is shown. In the modification shown in FIG. 5, this mounting member 15 is used inverted,
Each flange portion 15b, 15b is fixed to the base member 14 side, and the protruding pieces 16, 16 are cut and raised on the surface of the central groove bottom 15a, and can be used in the same manner as the previous example. Further, in the modification shown in FIG. 6, the flange portions 15b, 15b
In this case, steps 15c, 15c are formed on both side frame portions between the center groove bottom 15a, and in this case, these step portions 15c, 15c are used to form the groove shown in FIG. In this way, a heat insulating material 19 such as a wood wool board can be interposed.

In the above embodiment, two sets of engagement grooves are formed on the tile block, and an uneven groove for forming a hollow portion is provided between each engagement groove. A plurality of engagement grooves and uneven grooves may be formed. Furthermore, although the case has been described in which the foundation members and attachment members are installed in advance on the building frame, the frame may be constructed of these foundation members and attachment members themselves, or the frame may be made of, for example, a concrete wall or the like. If so, the base member may be omitted and the mounting portion may be installed directly on this concrete wall.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As detailed above, according to the present invention, a plurality of mounting members are installed at predetermined intervals in the left and right direction on the building frame side, and each cut-and-raised protrusion of these mounting members is provided with a plurality of mounting members. On the other hand, since the face plate itself is attached and held by locking the locking grooves formed on each engaging convex portion of the face plate, no separate fixing tools such as bolts are required for the installation, which is extremely It can be done easily. In addition, dovetail-shaped engagement grooves extending in the left-right direction are formed at multiple locations on the top and bottom of the back side of the tile block. While fitting into the upper and lower engaging protrusions forming the convex portion,
The surface of these face plates and the back of the tile block are bonded and fixed with adhesive, and at least the upper and lower 2
Since the tile blocks are attached at certain points, the upper engaging protrusions of the face plate are reinforced by the cut-and-raised protrusions of the mounting member, and have sufficient strength to support the load of the tile block. At the same time, it becomes possible to accurately position the tile block and firmly attach it, improving construction workability and ensuring good and stable retention at all times, even if the adhesive part deteriorates. It can also prevent its peeling. Furthermore, several uneven grooves are formed between each engagement recess on the back of the tile block, so when the surface of the face plate and the back of the tile block are bonded, there are grooves in each of the uneven grooves between them. As a result, the hollow spaces are formed individually and have excellent features such as being able to significantly improve the heat insulation properties of the building's outer wall as a tile block exterior.

Although the present invention has been described in detail based on an embodiment in which the mounting member is disposed on the base of the face plate, if the mounting member is not used, the protrusion 16 can be cut and raised on the base material such as plywood or mortar. A similar effect can be obtained by locking the face plate onto this using nails or the like.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the general structure of an embodiment of the exterior wall of a building using the tile block according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing how the tile block is installed, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the tile block itself as seen from the back side, and FIGS. 5 to 7 are plan views showing modified examples of the mounting member. 8 to 10 are vertical cross-sectional views showing the general structure of an exterior wall of a building using different examples of the conventional tile blocks. 9...Tile block, 10,10...Engagement groove,
10a, 10b...Upper and lower engagement grooves, 11...Uneven grooves. 12... Face plate, 13, 13... A pair of upper and lower engagement protrusions, 13a, 13d... Upper and lower engagement protrusions, 13b...
Locking groove. 14...Foundation member. 15...Mounting member, 1
5a... Central groove bottom, 15b, 15b... Flange portion, 16... Cut and raised protrusion piece. 18...adhesive material, 19...insulating material, 20...joint material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Dovetail-shaped engagement grooves having wedge-shaped engagement grooves on the upper and lower sides of the inside are formed so as to extend in the left-right direction at least at multiple locations on the upper and lower sides of the mounting back side, and several grooves are formed between each engagement groove. a tile block having concavo-convex grooves formed therein; upper and lower engagement protrusions that engage the respective engagement grooves at upper and lower positions corresponding to the respective engagement grooves; and a locking groove in the upper engagement protrusion. A face plate in which a series of engagement protrusions are formed in the left-right direction, respectively, and upper and lower engagement grooves in each engagement groove on the back side of the tile block are formed between the upper and lower engagement protrusions of each engagement protrusion on this face plate. An exterior wall of a building using tile blocks, characterized in that the mating grooves are inserted and engaged, and the surfaces of these face plates and the back surfaces of the tile blocks are bonded.