JPH0363336B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a melon house, and more specifically, when the inside of the greenhouse becomes hot due to solar energy during the day, the heat energy is stored, and the temperature inside the greenhouse decreases. The present invention relates to a melon house that can maintain the inside of the house at a temperature suitable for growing melons by releasing stored thermal energy, thereby achieving energy savings by minimizing consumption of oil, electricity, etc. [Prior Art] Conventionally, it is known that a greenhouse is provided with a heat storage device that can store daytime heat. For example, Tokukai Akira
No. 51-141243 discloses a greenhouse that has a heat storage material for storing daytime heat and has a heat storage device equipped with an air blower attached to the side wall. In addition, in Utility Model Application No. 57-8425, a heat storage device containing multiple pipes filled with heat storage material was installed in an air temperature increasing room installed separately from the greenhouse, and the heat storage device and the greenhouse were connected using pipes. It is shown that they can be connected to provide the necessary ventilation. Therefore, it is conceivable to apply a heat storage device as described above to a melon house and use it to adjust the temperature of the melon house, thereby saving oil and electricity consumed for temperature adjustment of the melon house. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the conventional heat storage device described above has the following problems, and even if it is used as is, it is not possible to achieve sufficient savings in oil and electricity. First, the heat storage device disclosed in JP-A No. 51-141243 is installed on the side wall of the house, which is easily affected by the outside temperature. There is a problem that the effectiveness of using the heat stored in the heat storage device decreases because the heat is carried out from the vicinity of the heat storage device. That is, when hot air is blown from the periphery of the house, the blown hot air flows together with the cold air around the house, and the temperature of the warm air spreading inside the house tends to drop in the initial stage. On the other hand, the heat storage device of Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-8425 is installed in an air temperature increasing room that is installed separately from the house, which is a big burden in terms of equipment and space, and it also requires a lot of space between the house and the house. need to be connected via a pipe, and there is an unavoidable problem that thermal efficiency will decrease due to air being blown through this pipe. In addition, like the invention of Reference 1, since hot air is blown from the periphery of the house, there is a problem that the heat utilization efficiency is reduced. By the way, if we only consider blowing hot air from the center of the house rather than from the periphery, this can be done by guiding the hot air from the heat storage device to the center of the house using pipes or ducts. However, since the pipes and ducts are arranged along the walls and roof of the house, they are easily affected by the outside temperature, resulting in a decrease in heat utilization efficiency. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a melon bed 6 is provided in a tiered manner in a house 1 in which a heat insulating material 15 is buried in the surrounding ground. A heat storage tank 2 is buried below the melon bed 6 along the melon bed 6, and this heat storage tank 2 is equipped with a capsule 4 filled with a latent heat storage material 3 having a melting temperature of 25 to 30°C. Both ends are drainboards 1
The melon house is configured such that the melon bed 6 covered with 0 is connected to the intake ports 9 at both ends, and the central opening 7 with the fan 5 facing upward is connected to the air outlet 8 at the center of the melon bed 6. (See Figures 1 to 4). [Function] First, the insulation material 1 buried underground around the house 1
5, the temperature inside House 1 is transmitted underground to House 1.
This prevents heat from being radiated outside. The melon bed 6 is arranged in a tiered manner to keep the melon planting position away from the ground surface, to prevent cold air from outside the greenhouse 1 from penetrating the planting position through the ground, and to allow daylight to enter each planting position. It is to be ensured. Providing the heat storage tank 2 along and below the melon bed 6 eliminates the need to prepare a separate installation location for the heat storage tank 2, which takes up the most space. This allows for effective use of its own heat absorption and radiation. That is,
By burying the heat storage tank 2 under the melon bed 6, the heat absorption and radiation of the heat storage tank 2 itself can be easily applied to the melon bed 6. Furthermore, the fact that the insulation material 15 is buried around the house 1 and that the melon beds 6 are raised in a tiered manner not only makes the inside of the house 1 and the melon beds 6 less susceptible to the influence of outside air, but also It also makes the installation location of the heat storage tank 2 less susceptible to the influence of outside air. Furthermore, the opening 7 equipped with the fan 5 at the center of the heat storage tank 2 is connected to the outlet 8 at the center of the melon bed 6.
The fact that both ends are connected to the intake ports 9 at both ends of the melon bed 6 allows air to flow from the center of the house 1 to the surroundings. On the contrary, if air flows from the periphery of House 1 to the center, as mentioned above, when hot air is supplied at night, the hot air blown out rises with the cold air around House 1. As a result, the temperature of the warm air spreading inside the house 1 tends to drop at the beginning of the blowing. On the other hand, as mentioned above, when air flows from the center of House 1 to the surrounding area, the blown out warm air initially flows with the warm air in the center of House 1, and in the latter half of the house. After the air merges with the cold air around 1 and is cooled down, it is immediately sucked into the intake port 9. Incidentally, the drainboards 10 covering the inlet ports 9 at both ends of the melon bed 6 prevent a large amount of dust from being sucked into the heat storage tank 2 and inhibit heat exchange in the heat storage tank 2. [Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining one embodiment of the melon house according to the present invention, and FIG.
A schematic perspective view showing an example of the heat storage tank 2 installed in the melon house shown in the figure, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the capsule 4. In the house 1, the south, east, and west walls and roof are made of a material that allows sunlight to pass through, and the north wall is made of a heat-insulating material. The inside of the house 1 is sloped downward from the north side to the south side to form a tiered melon bed 6.
One or more cavities for storing heat storage tanks are provided below the melon bed along the melon bed. A heat storage tank 2 shown in FIG. 2 is installed in this heat storage tank housing cavity. In this heat storage tank 2, a large number of capsules 4 as shown in FIG. 3 are arranged side by side. The capsule 4 shown in FIG. 3 is a closed container made of various materials such as synthetic resin and metal, and filled with a latent heat storage material 3 having a melting temperature of 25 to 30°C. As the latent heat storage material 3 having such a melting temperature range, calcium chloride
Examples include hexahydrate salt, polyethylene glycol, and sulfur salt. Here, if the melting temperature of the latent heat storage material 3 is 25 degrees Celsius or lower, even if heat is stored, the temperature will be too low when extracting thermal energy, making it difficult to utilize the heat, and the melting temperature will be too low. If the temperature is 30° C. or higher, it is not preferable because latent heat of fusion cannot be stored during the day when the temperature inside the house 1 does not rise much. The main body of the heat storage tank 2 shown in FIG. 2 is formed by processing a sheet metal or the like into a substantially rectangular cross section.
An upwardly opening opening 7 is provided in the center of the heat storage tank 2 in order to install a fan 5 facing upward.
Although not shown, the fan 5 is fixed to the edge of the heat storage tank 2 with screws or the like. As shown in FIG. 4, an air outlet 8 is provided in the melon bed 6 so as to coincide with the opening 7 of the heat storage tank 2. As shown in FIG. The fan 5 is capable of blowing air from inside the heat storage tank 2 and blowing the air out of the upper part of the heat storage tank 2 by its rotation. Both ends of the heat storage tank 2 are communicated with air intake ports 9 provided at both ends of the melon bed 60 so that air can be blown into the tank. A drainboard 10 is provided at the opening of the intake port 9 to prevent soil and dirt from entering. Such a heat storage tank 2 may be buried not only under the melon bed 6 but also under the ground 11 as shown in FIG. In this case as well, the structure is similar to that shown in FIG. The end of No. 2 is connected to the intake port. Further, the heat storage tank 2 containing the capsule 4 can be buried under the melon bed 6 or the ground 11, and can also be installed inside the house 1 on the north wall, in a passageway, etc. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which the heat storage tank 2 is also installed in front of the vertical wall 12 on the north side. Standing wall 1 like this
When installing the heat storage tank 2 in front of the heat storage tank 2, a structure as shown in FIG. 6 is preferably used as the heat storage tank 2. In FIG. 6, a large number of capsules 4 are horizontally suspended on a frame 13 in a heat storage tank 2, and heat storage and heat radiation are achieved by sucking and exhausting air from the suction and exhaust ports 14 by rotating an axial fan 5. It is something to do.
During the daytime, the upper air intake and exhaust port 1 of the heat storage tank 2
4, warm air is flowed between the capsules 4, transferred to the capsule 4 to store heat, and exhausted from the intake/exhaust port 14 on the lower side of the heat storage tank 2. Also, the air is made to flow in the opposite direction. There is no problem.
At night, air is flown to dissipate heat from the capsule 4, and warm air is sent into the house 1.
Heat the inside. Note that, as shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, a heat insulating material 15 is buried in the ground around the house 1, and heat radiation from the ground of the house 1 is suppressed. In this melon house, the fan 5 is driven and rotated by a driving means such as a motor during the daytime when the temperature inside the house 1 is high, and the air inside the house 1 is transferred to the heat storage tank 2.
, and store heat in the capsule 4,
The fan 5 prevents the temperature inside House 1 from rising above 35°C, and
By the rotation of the capsule 4, the air inside the house 1 is sucked into and exhausted from the heat storage tank 2, and the thermal energy of the capsule 4 is extracted into the air (exhaust air), thereby controlling the temperature inside the house 1. The melting temperature is maintained in the capsule 4 inside the heat storage tank 2.
The latent heat storage material 3 with a temperature of 25 to 30 degrees Celsius is filled when the temperature inside the house 1 during the day reaches the normal temperature of 32 to 35 degrees Celsius on a sunny day in the house 1. It easily absorbs heat, melts, and stores heat, and when releasing heat, it changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase at 25 to 30°C and releases latent heat.
The temperature of the air that is maintained at 30℃ and is sent into the house 1 after absorbing heat by contacting the capsule 4 is set to 20℃.
This is because the temperature can be set to 24°C, which is suitable for melon cultivation. Furthermore, even if the temperature inside the house 1 does not rise too much during the day, if the temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the latent heat storage material 3, the heat is stored in the capsule 4 as thermal energy and is radiated. Since the heat can be utilized, even if the amount of heat dissipated from the capsule 4 alone is insufficient, the consumption of heavy oil and electricity can be significantly reduced. In addition, in the present invention, when warm air with a relative humidity of 80 to 85% comes into contact with the surface of the capsule 4 during heat storage in the capsule 4 during the daytime, the temperature of the capsule 4 is low.
Moisture in the air condenses on the surface of the capsule 4, which can reduce the relative humidity in the house 1 to 70-75%, and this reduction in relative humidity reduces the transpiration of water from the melon. It prevents this and has a positive effect on the growth of melons. Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples. A three-quarter melon house with east and west buildings was used, and a heat storage tank 2 was installed as shown in Figure 1 using 3 tons of calcium chloride/hexahydrate, and this was designated as Building A. In addition, as a comparative example, a melon house without a heat storage tank was used as Building B. In the two buildings mentioned above, heavy oil consumption, temperature unevenness inside House 1, and humidity inside House 1 were measured, and the harvest status was investigated. The results are shown below. This measurement value is for December, and the average outside temperature for this month is 6.2.
℃, and the average solar radiation was 2900 cal/m ² ·day.

[Table] The following can be seen from the table. In other words, in a melon house without heat storage tank 2, as many as 40 heavy oils are used per day in house 1.
However, the greenhouse of the present invention requires only 10 liters of heavy oil per day even in extremely cold weather, which shows that it has a significant energy-saving effect. In addition, the temperature unevenness inside the house 1, which was around 5℃ when there was no heat storage tank 2, can be reduced to within 1℃, and the humidity inside the house 1 has also been reduced to 80 to 85% RH.
The melon house of the present invention became able to harvest high-quality melons. [Effects of the Invention] The present invention is as described above, and has the following effects. (1) The heat insulating material 15 makes it difficult for the temperature inside the house 1 to travel through the ground and escape to the outside, making it easy to maintain the temperature. (2) In addition to the above-mentioned heat insulating material 15, the melon beds 6 are arranged in a tiered manner and are spaced apart from the ground surface.
It is difficult for cold air from outside to travel through the ground to the melon planting location, and good lighting is obtained, making it easy to create an environment suitable for melon growth. (3) By burying the heat storage tank 2 under the melon bed 6, it is easy to cause the heat absorption and radiation of the heat storage tank 2 itself to act on the melon bed 6, and it is easy to prevent excessive temperature rise and fall in the melon bed 6 and its vicinity. The heat absorption and radiation of the heat storage tank 2 can be used without waste,
High utilization efficiency can be obtained. (4) There is no need to prepare a place other than the house 1 to install the heat storage tank 2, and it is possible to prevent a reduction in the planting area and the trouble of preparing it.
In addition, air can be directly blown from the heat storage tank 2 without arranging an air duct that guides the air, and it is possible to prevent the trouble of arranging an air duct and a decrease in thermal efficiency within the air duct. (5) Since the installation position of the heat storage tank 2 is in a place that is not easily affected by external temperature, it is possible to block the influence of external temperature on the heat storage tank 2 without installing special heat insulation means, and the high performance of the heat storage tank 2 can be achieved. It can be pulled out. (6) By creating a flow of air from the center of the house 1 to the surroundings, the temperature inside the house 1 can be maintained efficiently. (7) It is difficult for dirt to enter the heat storage tank 2, and it is easy to maintain the function of the heat storage tank 2 over a long period of time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a melon house according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a heat storage tank installed in the melon house of FIG. 1,
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the capsule, Figure 4 is A of Figure 1.
-A sectional view, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of installing a heat storage tank under the melon bed and the ground, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a heat storage tank is installed below the melon bed and below the ground. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a heat storage tank is additionally installed. 1... House, 2... Heat storage tank, 3... Latent heat storage material, 4... Capsule, 5... Fan, 6... Melon bed, 7... Opening, 8... Air outlet, 9...
Intake port, 15...Insulation material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A melon bed is set up in a row in a greenhouse with insulation material buried in the ground around it, and a heat storage tank is buried below the melon bed along the melon bed. melting temperature
A capsule filled with a latent heat storage material of 25 to 30℃ is inside, and both ends are connected to the intake ports at both ends of the melon bed covered with drainboards, and the central opening with a fan facing upward is connected to the melon bed. Melon House is characterized by being connected to a central air outlet.