JPH0348979B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the construction of a roof tile, particularly suitable for ceramic tiles and natural slate tiles.

Conventionally, there are various types of roof tiles, such as Japanese and Western types, but each type is relatively small, and each tile is partially overlapped front to back and left and right, so each This required a complex shape in which the roof tiles could overlap each other, and a large overlapping area, covering up to 40% of the total area. This causes an increase in the weight of the roof, and
Combined with the increased labor involved in tile roofing work, this led to an increase in costs. In particular, when using natural slate tiles made of expensive materials, the number of tiles per unit area increases, resulting in an extremely expensive roof.

Furthermore, ceramic tiles shrink considerably during drying and firing during manufacturing, but if the shape of the tile is complex, it will inevitably deform and become twisted, and this twist becomes more obvious as the tile becomes larger. In order to
This is an obstacle to increasing the size of roof tiles, and there is a desire for large roof tiles that have a simple shape such as a flat plate and are free from leaks.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention provides a roof tile in which the tiles do not overlap each other in the horizontal direction, the tile shape is simplified, and the overlapping portion of the tiles is greatly reduced, thereby eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks. The purpose is to

The present invention also provides a non-woven fabric which has a simple flat shape and has a concave portion formed on one side back surface over almost the entire length and a draining portion formed to protrude downward over the entire length of the concave portion. The tile main body is made of a metal mineral, and the tile body is made of a longitudinally elongated plate-like member made of rust-resistant metal or plastic, and has a peak and a flange formed over the entire length in the vertical direction, and the other side of the tile main body. a horizontal joint receiving material that protrudes laterally over substantially the entire length of the back surface and is fixed, and the horizontal joining receiving material is located within a recess of the tile body adjacent to the tile main body to which the horizontal joining receiving material is fixed. A plurality of rainwater guide grooves are formed on the horizontal joint receiving material at the peak portion and the flange portion, having a predetermined distance between the groove portion and the concave portion, and opening onto the tile main body located at the lower level. It consists of a roof tile that is characterized by:

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the roof tile 1 is large and relatively thin (for example, 400 mm long, 85 mm wide, and 8 mm thick).
The ceramic tile body 2 consists of a simple-shaped ceramic tile main body 2 which is approximately flat (mm) and has a substantially flat shape, and a bonding member 3 which is a durable plate-like member having a predetermined shape. The tile main body 2 is the second
As shown in detail in the figure, the upper surface in the left and right direction is completely flat, and the back surface on the right end is slightly cut out for about 30 mm to form a recess 5, and the corner on the back surface on the left end is slightly cut out. A small recess 6 is cut out in the
is formed. A horizontal joint support material 3a is adhered and fixed to the back surface of the left end at adhesive surfaces a and b, and the support material 3a is made of rust-resistant metal such as copper, stainless steel, vinyl chloride, polyester glass fiber, etc. It extends over the entire length of the tile 1 in the longitudinal direction and is received in the recess 5 of the adjacent tile 1, and has two peaks 7a, 7b and flanges 8a, 8b. and
As a whole, it forms a groove that extends in the longitudinal direction and guides rainwater downward. Further, an L-shaped draining plate 9 made of a metal plate or a plastic plate is adhered and fixed to the center portion of the recess 5 over almost the entire length of the tile 1, and the draining plate 9 extends along the back surface of the tile. This constitutes a drainage section that prevents the flow of rainwater. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 3, the tile main body 2 has a flat plate shape in the vertical direction except for its upper and lower ends, and a protrusion 10 that protrudes slightly (approximately 2 mm) upward is formed on the upper surface of the upper end. A sag 11 is formed at the lower end of the sag by a predetermined amount (approximately 5 mm), and the sag 11 is formed with a rough surface so as to look like a stone plate. A vertical joint upper support material 3b is glued and fixed to the back surface of the lower end, and the support material 3b is made of metal or plastic similar to the horizontal support material 3a, and extends over the entire length of the tile 1 in the horizontal direction. It also has a tongue 12 and a hill portion 13 that hang downward. Further, a vertical joint lower support material 3c is glued and fixed to the upper end side surface, and this support material 3c is also made of the same material as the other support materials, and has a tongue 15 that projects upward and extends over the entire length. have. Furthermore, the upper support material 3 on the back side of the lower end of the tile
An L-shaped drain plate 14 made of a metal or plastic plate is glued and fixed below b, and the drain plate 14 prevents rainwater from flowing up the back surface of the tile. In addition, notch holes are provided at predetermined intervals (for example, 80 mm) in the tongue 12 of the vertical joint upper receiving member 3b.
The air circulation behind the tiles prevents condensation. Further, numeral 16 in FIG. 1 is a needle hole provided in the protrusion 10 for fixing the tile.

As shown in FIG. 3, the roof tile 1 according to the present embodiment is laid so that its hanging portion 11 partially overlaps (approximately 30 mm) the rear end of the lower tile 1' that has already been laid. , At that time, the tongue 15 of the vertical joint lower support material 3c
is brought into close contact with the back surface of the tile due to its elastic force, and the tongue 12 of the vertically joined upper support material 3b is brought into close contact with the lower support material 3c. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the roof tiles 1 are aligned so that their side surfaces are in contact with the ceramic tile body 2 of the right-side tile 1'' that has already been roofed, and a notched recess 5 is formed in the horizontal joint receiving material 3a. At this time, the peaks 7a, 7b and the flange 8a of the receiving material 3a come into contact with the recess 5 of the tile 1 and support the thin part of the tile 1. In this way, the roof is successively The tiles 1 are covered to form a tile roof, but the ceramic tile bodies 2 do not overlap in the horizontal direction, and the amount of overlap in the vertical direction is limited due to the presence of the bonding materials 3b and 3c. A small amount is enough, and the tile itself (main body 2)
In addition to the fact that the roof has become larger due to its simple shape, the overlap ratio of the entire roof has been significantly reduced (approximately
6.8%).

Most of the rainwater that falls on the tile roof according to this embodiment flows downward on the flat tile body 2, but the rainwater that falls on the lateral joints C of each tile body 2 flows on the lateral joint receiving material 3a. It flows along the roof and does not infiltrate the roof base materials such as roofing boards.

Next, reference examples will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Although this reference example deviates from the scope of the claims of the present invention in that the horizontal joint member is not fixed to the side of the tile main body, the structure of the horizontal joint member itself is not a reference of the present invention. Become.

The roof tile 20 according to this reference example also consists of a ceramic tile body 2 and a bonding member 3. The tile main body 2 has a simple shape similar to the previous embodiment, and the receiving material 3 is a horizontally joined receiving material 3.
a and a vertical joint lower support member 3c are integrally formed, and the horizontal joint support member 3a is shaped to protrude upward at the upper center of the tile main body 2. Furthermore, as shown in detail in FIG. 5, the horizontal joint receiving material 3a has two hump-shaped ridges 21 extending vertically in the center thereof, ridges 22a and 22b on the left and right sides thereof, and ridges 22a and 22b on the left and right sides. Flange portions 23a and 23b are formed at the ends, and as a whole constitute a groove that extends in the longitudinal direction and guides rainwater downward. Further, at the left and right ends of the tile main body 2, there are recesses 5 for receiving the horizontal joint receiving materials 3a, respectively.
a, 5b are formed, and therefore, the tile 20 is configured symmetrically.

As shown in FIG. 4, the roof tile 20 is installed so that its lower end sag partially overlaps the lower tiles 20', 20'' that have already been roofed, and the lower tiles 20', 20'' The roof is laid in a staggered manner so that its both ends are located on the horizontal joint receiving materials 3a and 3b. In addition, at this time, the two hump-shaped peaks 21, the left and right peaks 22a, 22
b and the left and right end flanges 23a, 23b are designed so as to closely support the upper tile, and the two knob-shaped peaks 2
The roof is laid so that 1 is located at the joint of the tiles.

The tiles 1 that are adjacent in the horizontal direction are aligned so that their side surfaces are in contact with each other, and therefore have a gap C.
The rainwater that entered through the gap C is received by the lower tile 3.
a, especially along the small groove formed by the two knob-shaped peaks 21 to the lower tile 20. Further, rainwater flowing along the back surface of the tile is cut off by the two hump-shaped peaks 21 or the left and right flanges 22a, 22b, and is discharged to the lower tile along the grooves 25 of the receiving material 3a. In addition, over time after tile roofing, dust accumulates in the gap C whose lower side is closed by the two knob-like peaks 21, and the dust acts as a seal to close the gap C, and the grooves 25... significantly reduce the amount of rainwater entering the area.

6 and 7 show a partially modified reference example, in which a horizontal joint receiving material 3a is bonded and fixed to a small recess 6 of the tile main body 2. Although this reference example deviates from the scope of the claims of the present invention in that it does not include a drainage part formed in the recessed part of the tile main body, it serves as a reference for the present invention in terms of the structure of the horizontal joint member itself, etc. . The receiving material 3a is made of rust-resistant metal or plastic, and has two ridges 7a, 7b and a flange 8a, as well as an angular protrusion 26, and a ridge adjacent to the protrusion 26. A pillow portion 27 made of a durable elastic material such as thiocol rubber, silicone rubber, or soft vinyl chloride is bonded over the entire length of the tile. The pillow part 27 is located at the joint part of the tile main body 2 and is configured slightly higher than the peak parts 7a and 7b. It is located in the area where rainwater flows downward.

Moreover, FIG. 8 shows an embodiment with some further changes, in which the receiving material 3a is configured to have a narrower width without forming a peak, and furthermore, a ridge for draining is provided in the recess 5 of the tile main body 2. 29, and the protrusion 29 forms a recess 5.
It forms a drainage part that protrudes downward over the entire length of the roof tile and blocks the flow of rainwater running down the back side of the roof tile.

FIG. 9 shows a reference example in which the rear end portion of the roof tile 1 is deformed, in which a vertical joint lower support member 3c made of an elastic material such as silicone rubber is adhered and fixed to the upper surface of the rear end protrusion 10. ing. The lower support material 3c is in close contact with the upper tile to prevent rainwater from rising up.

Furthermore, FIG. 10 shows a partially modified reference example, in which a lower supporting material 3c made of weather-resistant plastic is adhered and fixed to the rear end protrusion 10, and the back surface of the lower end of the tile main body 2 is A vertical joint upper support material 3b made of similar plastic is bonded and fixed to the top.
Furthermore, an inclined surface 30 that projects upward is formed on the rear side surface of the lower support material 3c, and an inclined surface 31 that projects downward is formed on the front surface of the upper support material 3b. Therefore, when tiles are laid, the lower support material 3c comes into contact with the back surface of the tiles to prevent rainwater from rising upward, and both inclined surfaces 30 and 31 engage to prevent the upper tiles 1 from floating up. to prevent roof tiles from being blown away by typhoons, etc.

Note that the tile body 2 in the above-described embodiments and reference examples is not limited to ceramic tiles, but may be other non-metallic minerals such as natural slate tiles and cement tiles. Further, fixing of the horizontal joint receiving material to the tile main body is not limited to adhesion, and of course, other methods such as inserting the end of the receiving material into the tile main body and bonding may also be used.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the side surface of the tile main body 2 is configured to be in contact with the side surface of the tile main body of an adjacent tile, and the horizontal joint receiving material 3a is located below the contacting part, and The lower end of the joint receiving material 3a is opened above the tile main body located at the lower level, and it is configured so that rainwater on the horizontal joint receiving material flows down onto the tile main body at the lower level, so that the joining gap C of the tiles is Rainwater that has entered from the roof flows downward along the receiving material 3a and flows down onto the lower tile main body, which prevents rainwater from leaking. The overlapping area can be significantly reduced, and the weight of the roof can be significantly reduced, and together with the reduction in the cost of the roof tile 1 itself and the labor saving of the tiling work, a significant cost reduction can be achieved. .

When conventional flat roof tiles are molded, the side portions of the tiles tend to sag toward the end surfaces.
Rainwater flows into the joint along the sag, making it difficult for the large amount of rainwater to be guided downward smoothly, and a combination of capillary action due to the narrow gaps in the joint and surface tension phenomenon that causes rainwater to travel to the back of the tiles, leading to rainwater leaks. However, in the present invention, a predetermined distance is formed between the top of the horizontal joint receiving member 3a and the recess 5 at the peaks 7a, 7b and the flange 8a, so that rainwater due to capillary action is prevented. The drainage parts 9 and 29, which are formed to cut off the suction and protrude downward over the entire length of the recess 5, cut off the rainwater that travels to the back side of the tile main body and fall onto the horizontal joint receiving material 3a, and then the rainwater flows into the recess. The rainwater guiding groove, which has a predetermined distance between the peaks 7a and 7b and is partitioned into a plurality of sections by the collar 8a, smoothly guides a large amount of rainwater downward and drains it.
Even if it exceeds a and 7b and overflows into the next rainwater guide ditch,
The overflowing rainwater is discharged onto the lower tile main body through the rainwater guide groove between the edge 8a, so even though the tile is a flat tile that is prone to leaks, it can be used reliably even in heavy rain. It allows rainwater to flow downward and reliably prevents rainwater from leaking.

Furthermore, since the horizontal joint receiving material 3a is fixed to the back surface of one side of the tile main body 1, the roof tile is flat and rectangular in plan, making it easy to pack and transport.
Furthermore, there is no need for work to match the tile main body 1 and the horizontal joint support material 3a on site, and the construction is easy, making it possible to provide a roof tile that is extremely easy to handle.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a roof tile showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing its horizontal joint portion, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and Fig. 4 is a reference example. A plan view of the roof tile, Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the lateral joint part, Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the joint part of the roof tile showing a partially modified reference example, and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the lateral joint part. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a further modified roof tile, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of partially modified roof tiles. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Roof tile, 2... Tile main body, 3a... Horizontal joint member, 5... Recessed part, 7a, 7b... Mountain part, 8a,
8b...Trim part, 9...Draining part (draining board), 2
9...Drainer section (projection for draining water).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. It has a simple plate-like shape, and has a recess formed on one back surface over almost the entire length, and a draining part that is formed to protrude downward over the entire length of the recess. It consists of a tile main body made of a non-metallic mineral, and a vertically elongated plate-like member made of a rust-resistant metal or plastic, and has a peak part and a flange part formed over the entire length in the vertical direction, and other than the tile main body. a horizontal joint receiving material that is fixed to the side and protrudes over substantially the entire length of the side and back surfaces, and the horizontal joining receiving material is located in a recessed portion of the tile main body adjacent to the tile main body to which the horizontal joining receiving material is fixed. A plurality of rainwater guide grooves are formed on the lateral joint member at the ridge portion and the flange portion, and have a predetermined distance between them and the concave portion and open onto the tile main body located at the lower level. A roof tile comprising: