JPH0346102B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0346102B2 JPH0346102B2 JP22886886A JP22886886A JPH0346102B2 JP H0346102 B2 JPH0346102 B2 JP H0346102B2 JP 22886886 A JP22886886 A JP 22886886A JP 22886886 A JP22886886 A JP 22886886A JP H0346102 B2 JPH0346102 B2 JP H0346102B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- pressurization
- temperature
- treated
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000193155 Clostridium botulinum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001138501 Salmonella enterica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004102 animal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020995 raw meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は、加圧と減圧とを繰り返すことによつ
て殺菌を行う加圧減圧殺菌方法に係り、たとえば
水、ミルク、チユーブ入り食品などの殺菌に極め
て有用である。Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a pressure and vacuum sterilization method for sterilizing food products such as water, milk, tubed foods, etc. by repeating pressurization and depressurization. Extremely useful for sterilization.
「従来技術およびその問題点」
飲料、食品、化粧品、医療材料、医薬品などの
製造にあたつては、衛生および保存の観点から殺
菌処理が必要とされる。"Prior Art and its Problems" In the production of beverages, foods, cosmetics, medical materials, pharmaceuticals, etc., sterilization treatment is required from the viewpoint of hygiene and preservation.
従来の殺菌方法としては、加熱によるもの、化
学薬品によるもの、放射線や紫外線の照射による
ものがよく知られているが、いずれも品質の劣化
を招くおそれがある。 Conventional sterilization methods include heating, chemicals, and irradiation with radiation or ultraviolet rays, but all of these methods may lead to quality deterioration.
一方、たとえば特公昭50−34117号、特公昭55
−50671号、特開昭57−22679号において、加熱と
加圧とを併用して殺菌を行うものが開示されてい
る。しかし、これらは65℃以上の加熱と12Kgｆ／
cm2以下の加圧とを行うものであつて、品質劣化を
防止する上でも殺菌効果の上でも不十分なもので
ある。 On the other hand, for example, Special Publication No. 50-34117, Special Publication No. 55
-50671 and JP-A-57-22679 disclose sterilization using both heating and pressurization. However, these require heating above 65℃ and 12Kgf/
It applies pressure of less than cm2 , which is insufficient in terms of preventing quality deterioration and sterilizing effect.
また特公昭56−24539号において、真空ポンプ
で減圧したところへ高圧の不活性ガスを供給し、
減圧から高圧へ圧力を急変させて殺菌を行うもの
が開示されているが、これは真空ポンプを必要と
し、操作が複雑であり、さらに不活性ガスを消費
するのでコストがかかるという問題点がある。 In addition, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-24539, high-pressure inert gas was supplied to the area where the pressure was reduced with a vacuum pump,
A device has been disclosed that sterilizes by rapidly changing the pressure from reduced pressure to high pressure, but this requires a vacuum pump, is complicated to operate, and also consumes inert gas, resulting in high costs. .
「発明の目的」
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたも
ので、品質劣化を生じさせず、かつ高い殺菌効果
を得ることができ、さらに操作しやすくコストも
安価にすむ殺菌方法を提供することを目的とす
る。``Object of the Invention'' The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a sterilization method that does not cause quality deterioration, can obtain a high sterilization effect, is easy to operate, and is inexpensive. The purpose is to provide.
「発明の構成」
かくして本発明によれば、大腸菌またはこれに
類似する菌が含まれる系を500Kgｆ／cm2以上で加
圧し次いで減圧する操作を少なくとも２回繰り返
すことにより殺菌することを特徴とする加圧減圧
殺菌方法が提供される。"Structure of the Invention" Thus, the present invention is characterized in that a system containing Escherichia coli or bacteria similar thereto is sterilized by repeating the operation of pressurizing it to 500 Kgf/cm 2 or more and then reducing the pressure at least twice. A vacuum sterilization method is provided.
本発明を適用しうる殺菌対象は大腸菌とそれに
類似する菌であり、類似する菌としては例えばブ
ドウ球菌、枯草菌、サルモネラ菌、ボツリヌス菌
などを挙げることができる。 The objects to be sterilized to which the present invention can be applied are Escherichia coli and similar bacteria, and similar bacteria include, for example, Staphylococcus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella enterica, and Clostridium botulinum.
上記菌が含まれる系とは、たとえばミルク、ジ
ユース、スープ、ドリンク剤、災害対策用保存
水、医薬、医療用殺菌水、飼育無菌動物用飲料
水・清浄水、動物細胞大量培養用培地、飲み薬、
注射液などの液体が挙げられる。また、これらの
液体やクリームやペーストや生肉等をパツクした
チユーブなどの物が挙げられる。 Systems containing the above bacteria include, for example, milk, juice, soup, drinks, preserved water for disaster prevention, pharmaceuticals, sterilized water for medical use, drinking water/clean water for breeding sterile animals, media for mass culture of animal cells, and drinking water. medicine,
Examples include liquids such as injection solutions. Also included are tubes packed with these liquids, creams, pastes, raw meat, etc.
加圧時の圧力は、500Kgｆ／cm2以上であり、好
ましくは2000Kgｆ／cm2〜4000Kgｆ／cm2である。１
回の加圧時間は、30秒〜５分が好ましい。 The pressure during pressurization is 500 Kgf/cm 2 or more, preferably 2000 Kgf/cm 2 to 4000 Kgf/cm 2 . 1
The pressurizing time for each pressurization is preferably 30 seconds to 5 minutes.
減圧時の圧力は、200Kgｆ／cm2以下であり、好
ましくは常圧である。１回の減圧時間は、10秒〜
２分が好ましい。 The pressure during depressurization is 200 Kgf/cm 2 or less, preferably normal pressure. One decompression time is 10 seconds ~
2 minutes is preferred.
加圧と減圧を繰り返す回数は、少なくとも２回
であるが、５回以上が好ましい。 The number of times pressurization and depressurization are repeated is at least two times, but preferably five or more times.
加圧減圧を行うには、処理対象を、そのまま或
いは圧力を伝達しうる媒体と共に圧力をかけうる
容器に入れ、加圧減圧操作する。 To perform pressurization and depressurization, the object to be treated is placed in a container capable of applying pressure, either as it is or together with a medium capable of transmitting pressure, and the object is pressurized and depressurized.
圧力をかけうる容器としては、容器内が均一に
加圧減圧されるものでもよいし、部分的に加圧減
圧される場所に処理対象が供給されるタイプの物
でもよい。 The container to which pressure can be applied may be one in which the inside of the container is uniformly pressurized or depressurized, or a container in which the object to be treated is supplied to a location where the pressure is partially applied or depressurized.
「作用」
処理対象に対して加圧減圧を繰り返すことによ
り菌の生存環境のバランスが崩れ、あるいは菌中
のガスの膨張力により菌が破壊され、高い殺菌効
果を奏する。"Effect" Repeated pressurization and depressurization of the object to be treated disrupts the balance of the environment in which bacteria live, or the bacteria are destroyed by the expansion force of the gas in the bacteria, resulting in a high sterilization effect.
「実施例」
以下、図面を参照しつつ、実施例について説明
する。ここに第１図は本発明の加圧減圧殺菌方法
を実施する加圧減圧殺菌装置の一例の構成説明
図、第２図は殺菌対象の系を密封した処理対象の
一例の外観図、第３図は圧力と大腸菌の生存率の
関係を示すデータのグラフ、第４図は温度と大腸
菌の生存率の関係を示すデータのグラフ、第５図
は加圧時間と大腸菌の生存率の関係を示すデータ
のグラフ、第６図は一定時間連続して１回だけ加
圧した場合と加圧減圧を繰り返した場合の生存率
の変化を示すグラフ、第７図は加圧減圧の繰り返
しのタイムチヤート、第８図は本発明を実施する
加圧減圧殺菌装置の他例の構成説明図、第９図は
本発明を実施する装置のさらに他の例の構成説明
図、第１０図は本発明を実施する装置のさらにま
た他の例の構成説明図である。"Example" Hereinafter, an example will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of an example of a pressure-reduction sterilizer for carrying out the pressure-reduction sterilization method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external view of an example of an object to be treated in which the system to be sterilized is sealed, and FIG. The figure is a data graph showing the relationship between pressure and E. coli survival rate, Figure 4 is a data graph showing the relationship between temperature and E. coli survival rate, and Figure 5 is a data graph showing the relationship between pressurization time and E. coli survival rate. The data graph, Figure 6 is a graph showing the change in survival rate when pressurizing only once and when pressurizing and depressurizing is repeated for a certain period of time, and Figure 7 is a time chart of repeated pressurizing and depressurizing. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of another example of the pressurized and reduced pressure sterilization apparatus implementing the present invention, FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of still another example of the apparatus implementing the present invention, and FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of another example of the apparatus implementing the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of yet another example of a device that performs the above operations.
第１図に示す加圧減圧殺菌装置１において、圧
力容器２には液体３が満たされている。この液体
３は油圧シリンダ５で駆動されるピストン４によ
つて加圧または減圧されると共に、加熱冷却用ブ
ロツク８およびスターラ９を備えた恒温槽７によ
つて所定温度Ｔに保たれる。液体３の圧力Ｐは、
油圧計６の出力を換算して得ることができ、温度
Ｔは温度センサ１０の出力から得ることができ
る。 In the pressurized and reduced pressure sterilizer 1 shown in FIG. 1, a pressure vessel 2 is filled with a liquid 3. This liquid 3 is pressurized or depressurized by a piston 4 driven by a hydraulic cylinder 5, and is maintained at a predetermined temperature T by a constant temperature bath 7 equipped with a heating/cooling block 8 and a stirrer 9. The pressure P of liquid 3 is
It can be obtained by converting the output of the oil pressure gauge 6, and the temperature T can be obtained from the output of the temperature sensor 10.
大腸菌またはそれに類似する菌を含む液を液体
３とすれば、ピストン４による加圧減圧を繰り返
して殺菌することができる。 If the liquid 3 is a liquid containing Escherichia coli or bacteria similar to it, it can be sterilized by repeating pressurization and depressurization using the piston 4.
油圧シリンダ５とピストン４によりレシプロ型
ポンプが構成されているが、このようにレシプロ
型ポンプを用いるのは、500Kgｆ／cm2以上という
非常な高圧による加圧と減圧とを繰り返すのに最
も適しているからである。 The hydraulic cylinder 5 and piston 4 constitute a reciprocating pump, and using a reciprocating pump in this way is most suitable for repeating pressurization and depressurization at extremely high pressures of 500 Kgf/cm 2 or more. Because there is.
第２図に示す被処理物１１は、大腸菌
ATCC25992を108個／mlの濃度となるように水で
混和し、その菌液４mlをプラスチツクチユーブに
封入したもので、圧力容器２の中に水を液体３と
して入れ、その水の中に入れて所定温度Ｔとした
後、油圧シリンダ５により水を介して加圧減圧す
る。 The object to be treated 11 shown in FIG.
ATCC25992 is mixed with water to a concentration of 10 8 cells/ml, and 4 ml of the bacterial solution is sealed in a plastic tube. After setting the temperature to a predetermined temperature T, the pressure is increased and reduced through water by the hydraulic cylinder 5.
上記加圧減圧殺菌装置１を用いて処理を行つた
菌液中の大腸菌の生存率を定量培養法の平板塗抹
法（寒天の平板上に菌液をうすく塗抹し、37℃に
１夜放置し、１つの菌が成長して出来た菌群の数
を目視により数えることにより菌液中の菌の数を
定量する方法）により調べたところ第３図〜第６
図のような結果が得られた。 The survival rate of E. coli in the bacterial solution treated using the above-mentioned pressurized and reduced pressure sterilizer 1 was determined by the quantitative culture plate smear method (a thin layer of the bacterial solution was smeared on an agar plate and left at 37°C overnight. Figures 3 to 6 show that the number of bacteria in a bacterial solution is determined by visually counting the number of bacterial groups formed by the growth of one bacteria.
The results shown in the figure were obtained.
第３図は１回だけ５分間の加圧を行つた場合の
圧力Ｐと生存率の関係を示すもので、ａ，ｂ，
ｃ，c′，ｄ，d′はそれぞれ温度Ｔを５℃、20℃、
40℃、40℃、50℃、50℃としたものである。 Figure 3 shows the relationship between pressure P and survival rate when pressurization is applied only once for 5 minutes, and shows a, b,
c, c', d, d' are temperatures T of 5℃, 20℃, respectively.
40℃, 40℃, 50℃, 50℃.
第４図は、圧力Ｐを500Kgｆ／cm2として１回だ
け加圧を行つた場合の温度Ｔと生存率の関係をｅ
に示し、また圧力Ｐを1000Kgｆ／cm2とした場合の
温度Ｔと生存率の関係をｆ，ｇ，ｈに示すもの
で、ｅ，ｆ，ｇ，ｈはそれぞれ加圧時間を５分
間、５分間、15分間、25分間としたものである。 Figure 4 shows the relationship between temperature T and survival rate when pressure P is 500 kgf/cm 2 and pressurization is performed only once.
, and the relationship between temperature T and survival rate when pressure P is 1000 kgf/cm 2 is shown in f, g, and h, where e, f, g, and h are the pressure applied for 5 minutes and 5 minutes, respectively. 15 minutes, 25 minutes.
第５図は、圧力Ｐを1000Kgｆ／cm2とし温度Ｔを
20℃として１回だけ加圧を行つた場合の加圧時間
と生存率の関係をｉに示し、また圧力Ｐを2000Kg
ｆ／cm2とし温度Ｔを50℃として１回だけ加圧を行
つた場合の加圧時間と生存率の関係をｊに示した
ものである。 In Figure 5, the pressure P is 1000Kgf/cm 2 and the temperature T is
i shows the relationship between pressurization time and survival rate when pressurization is performed only once at 20℃, and the pressure P is 2000Kg.
j shows the relationship between the pressurization time and survival rate when pressurization is performed only once at f/cm 2 and temperature T of 50°C.
第６図は、温度Ｔを20℃とした場合において１
回だけ５分間の加圧を行つたときの圧力Ｐと生存
率の関係をｋ（これは第３図に示すｂと同じもの
である）に示し、一方、圧力Ｐを１分間かけたの
ち30秒間常圧（１Kgｆ／cm2）まで減圧することを
５回繰り返したときの圧力Ｐと生存率の関係をｌ
に示している。 Figure 6 shows 1 when the temperature T is 20℃.
The relationship between pressure P and survival rate when pressurization is applied for 5 minutes is shown in k (this is the same as b shown in Figure 3).On the other hand, after applying pressure P for 1 minute, The relationship between pressure P and survival rate when depressurizing to normal pressure (1 Kgf/cm 2 ) per second is repeated 5 times is l
It is shown in
また、温度Ｔを20℃、圧力Ｐを4000Kgｆ／cm2と
して３分間加圧したのち30秒間常圧まで減圧する
ことを５回繰り返したときの生存率をｍ点に、さ
らに温度Ｔを50℃、圧力Ｐを2000Kgｆ／cm2として
１分間加圧したのち30秒間常圧まで減圧すること
を５回繰り返したときの生存率をｎ点に示してい
る。 In addition, the survival rate when the temperature T is 20℃ and the pressure P is 4000Kgf/ cm2 , and the process of pressurizing for 3 minutes and then reducing the pressure to normal pressure for 30 seconds is repeated 5 times is the point m, and the temperature T is 50℃. , The survival rate when the pressure P was increased to 2000 kgf/cm 2 for 1 minute, and then the pressure was reduced to normal pressure for 30 seconds was repeated 5 times, is shown at point n.
第７図は、上気５回の加圧減圧の繰り返しを示
すタイムチヤートであり、P1は加圧時の圧力、
P2は減圧時の圧力、τ1は加圧時間、τ2は減圧時間
である。 Figure 7 is a time chart showing the repetition of pressurization and depressurization of upper air five times, where P 1 is the pressure at the time of pressurization,
P 2 is the pressure during depressurization, τ 1 is the pressurization time, and τ 2 is the depressurization time.
第３図〜第６時のグラフを検討すれば、次のよ
うなことが分かる。 Examining the graphs from Figures 3 to 6 reveals the following.
(1) 圧力Ｐを500Kgｆ／cm2以上とすることにより
有効な殺菌効果を得られる。(1) An effective sterilizing effect can be obtained by setting the pressure P to 500 Kgf/cm 2 or more.
具体例として、たとえば生存率1/2を有効の
判定基準とすると、温度Ｔを45℃以上にして
500Kgｆ／cm2以上の圧力を５分間以上連続的し
て１回加圧すれば有効である。 As a specific example, if the survival rate is 1/2 as the criterion for effectiveness, then the temperature T should be set to 45℃ or higher.
It is effective to apply a pressure of 500 Kgf/cm 2 or more continuously for 5 minutes or more once.
しかし、１回加圧の場合に殺菌効果を上げよ
うとすると、圧力Ｐを上げるか、温度Ｔを
上げるか、加圧時間を長くするか、の少なく
とも一つが必要である。 However, in order to increase the sterilizing effect in the case of one-time pressurization, it is necessary to increase the pressure P, increase the temperature T, or lengthen the pressurization time.
(2) しかし、加圧減圧を２回以上繰り返すように
すれば、上記(1)の〜によらずに殺菌効果を
高めることができる。(2) However, if the pressurization and depressurization are repeated two or more times, the sterilization effect can be enhanced without relying on (1) above.
例えば、第６図のｋ（１回加圧）とｌ（５回の
加圧減圧の繰り返し）とを比較すれば理解され
るように、いずれの場合も加圧下にある時間は
５分間で同じであるが、後者の方が常に高い殺
菌効果を得られている。 For example, as can be understood by comparing k (pressurization once) and l (repetition of pressurization and depressurization 5 times) in Figure 6, the time under pressure is the same in both cases, 5 minutes. However, the latter always has a higher bactericidal effect.
また、例えば、温度Ｔを50℃にすると共に圧
力Ｐを2000Kgｆ／cm2とすれば、１回加圧では完
全殺菌のためには15分間以上の連続加圧を要す
るが、加圧減圧の繰り返しでは１分間加圧した
のち30秒間常圧に減圧することを５回以上繰り
返すことによつて完全殺菌を行うことができ
る。つまり、所要時間は1/2程度になる。 For example, if the temperature T is 50℃ and the pressure P is 2000Kgf/ cm2 , continuous pressurization for 15 minutes or more is required for complete sterilization with one pressurization, but repeated pressurization and depressurization is required. Complete sterilization can be achieved by applying pressure for 1 minute and then reducing the pressure to normal pressure for 30 seconds, repeating this process five or more times. In other words, the time required will be about 1/2.
更に圧力Ｐを4000Kgｆ／cm2として３分間加圧
ののち30秒間常圧に減圧することを５回以上繰
り返せば、最も殺菌効果が低くなる温度Ｔ＝20
℃においても完全殺菌を行うことができるよう
になるから、つまりは温度Ｔに関係なく完全殺
菌を行うことができる。 Furthermore, if the pressure P is increased to 4000 Kgf/cm 2 and the process of pressurizing for 3 minutes and then reducing the pressure to normal pressure for 30 seconds is repeated 5 or more times, the temperature at which the sterilizing effect is lowest is T = 20.
Since complete sterilization can be performed even at a temperature of .degree. C., complete sterilization can be performed regardless of the temperature T.
さて、第８図に示す加圧減圧殺菌装置１′は、
連続的に被処理液体２０を殺菌するための装置で
ある。被処理液体２０は送液ポンプ２１および弁
２２を経由してピストン４′の先端から圧力容器
２′内に導入されると共に、圧力容器２′の底部か
ら弁２３を経由して外部に取り出されるよう構成
されている。 Now, the pressurized and reduced pressure sterilizer 1' shown in FIG.
This is a device for continuously sterilizing the liquid 20 to be treated. The liquid to be treated 20 is introduced into the pressure vessel 2' from the tip of the piston 4' via a liquid pump 21 and a valve 22, and is taken out from the bottom of the pressure vessel 2' via a valve 23. It is configured like this.
この装置１′において、まず弁２２，２３を開
いて送液ポンプ２１を作動し、圧力容器２′内に
被処理液体２０に満たす。次に弁２２，２３を閉
じてから油圧シリンダ５を作動して所定時間でけ
加圧し、次いで常圧まで減圧する。次に弁２２，
２３を開いて送液ポンプ２１を作動し、少量（た
とえば弁２２からピストン４′の先端までの管路
２４の容量程度の量）の被処理液体２０を供給す
る。これにより管路２５から少量の殺菌済みの被
処理液体が押し出される。次に弁２２，２３を閉
じ上記と同様に加圧減圧する。以下、同様の操作
を繰り返せば、管路２５から少量の殺菌済みの被
処理液体が周期的かつ継続的に得られることにな
る。 In this apparatus 1', first, the valves 22 and 23 are opened and the liquid feeding pump 21 is operated to fill the pressure vessel 2' with the liquid to be treated 20. Next, after closing the valves 22 and 23, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is operated to increase the pressure for a predetermined period of time, and then reduce the pressure to normal pressure. Next, the valve 22,
23 is opened and the liquid feeding pump 21 is operated to supply a small amount of the liquid 20 to be treated (for example, an amount equivalent to the capacity of the pipe line 24 from the valve 22 to the tip of the piston 4'). As a result, a small amount of sterilized liquid to be treated is pushed out from the pipe line 25. Next, the valves 22 and 23 are closed and the pressure is increased and reduced in the same manner as above. Thereafter, by repeating the same operation, a small amount of sterilized liquid to be treated can be periodically and continuously obtained from the conduit 25.
少量づつ被処理液体２０を供給する理由は、未
殺菌の被処理液体２０を管路２５に到達させない
ためであり、且つ、被処理液体２０に数回の加圧
減圧を得させるためである。 The reason why the liquid to be treated 20 is supplied in small amounts is to prevent the unsterilized liquid to be treated 20 from reaching the pipe line 25, and to make the liquid to be treated 20 undergo pressurization and depressurization several times.
さらに他の装置例としては、上記装置１′から
送液ポンプ２１を省略し、ピストン４′の上下に
よつて未殺菌の被処理液体２０の吸入と殺菌済み
の被処理液体の押し出しを行うようにしたものが
挙げられる。すなわち、第８図に示す連続加圧減
圧殺菌システム３１のように、原料タンク３２と
製品タンク３３とを高圧ポンプ３４を介して連結
し、高圧ポンプ３４により原料タンク３２から原
料を吸引し、加圧減圧し、製品タンク３３へ押し
出すことを繰返して、原料の輸送と同時に本発明
による殺菌を連続的に行うものが挙げられる。 Still another example of the device is one in which the liquid pump 21 is omitted from the device 1', and the piston 4' moves up and down to suck in the unsterilized liquid to be treated and push out the sterilized liquid to be treated. The following are examples. That is, as in the continuous pressurization and vacuum sterilization system 31 shown in FIG. One example is one in which sterilization according to the present invention is carried out continuously at the same time as transportation of raw materials by repeatedly depressurizing and extruding them into the product tank 33.
さらに、この変形例として、第９図に示す連続
加圧減圧殺菌システム４１のように、高圧ポンプ
４４，４８…，を実質的に２段以上の直列となる
ように配置し、それぞれで繰返し加圧減圧を行
い、殺菌効果を増すものが挙げられる。 Furthermore, as a modified example of this, as in the continuous pressurization/decompression sterilization system 41 shown in FIG. 9, high-pressure pumps 44, 48, . Examples include those that perform pressure reduction to increase the sterilizing effect.
また、弁３５，３６等の開閉をタイマー制御
し、たとえば１サイクルの弁開閉の間に多数回の
加圧減圧の繰り返しを行うものが挙げられる。 Another example is one in which the opening and closing of the valves 35, 36, etc. is controlled by a timer, and, for example, pressurization and depressurization are repeated many times during one cycle of valve opening and closing.
なお、被処理液体もしくは被処理物の温度は、
通常の気温範囲（５℃〜35℃）でもよいが、タン
パク質の変性を生じる温度（約60℃）以下でかつ
殺菌対象となる菌の生存適温以上の温度範囲とす
るのが好ましい。たとえば殺菌対象が大腸菌類で
ある場合には40℃〜50℃とするのが好ましい。 The temperature of the liquid or object to be treated is as follows:
Although the normal temperature range (5° C. to 35° C.) may be used, the temperature range is preferably below the temperature at which protein denaturation occurs (approximately 60° C.) and above the optimal temperature for the survival of the bacteria to be sterilized. For example, when the object to be sterilized is coliform bacteria, the temperature is preferably 40°C to 50°C.
「発明の効果」
本発明によれば、大腸菌またはこれに類似する
菌が含まれる系を500Kgｆ／ml以上で加圧し次い
で減圧する操作を少なくとも２回繰り返すことに
より殺菌することを特徴とする加圧減圧殺菌方法
が提供され、これによつて次のような効果が得ら
れる。"Effects of the Invention" According to the present invention, pressurization is characterized in that a system containing Escherichia coli or bacteria similar thereto is sterilized by repeating the operation of pressurizing it to 500 Kgf/ml or more and then reducing the pressure at least twice. A vacuum sterilization method is provided, which provides the following effects.
(1) 殺菌効果が飛躍的に増大する。(1) The bactericidal effect increases dramatically.
(2) 加圧減圧の繰り返し効果のみで殺菌できるた
め、対象物質の変質がない。(2) There is no deterioration of the target substance because it can be sterilized only by the repeated effects of pressurization and depressurization.
(3) 薬液等の残留の心配が無く、クリーンであ
る。(3) It is clean with no worries about residual chemicals, etc.
(4) 操作が簡単で、短時間処理が可能である。(4) It is easy to operate and can be processed in a short time.
第１図は本発明の加圧減圧殺菌方法を実施する
加圧減圧殺菌装置の一例の構成説明図、第２図は
殺菌対象の系を密封した被処理物の一例の外観
図、第３図は圧力と大腸菌の生存率の関係を示す
データのグラフ、第４図は温度と大腸菌の生存率
の関係を示すデータのグラフ、第５図は加圧時間
と大腸菌の生存率の関係を示すデータのグラフ、
第６図は一定時間連続して１回だけ加圧した場合
と加圧減圧を繰り返した場合の生存率の変化を示
すグラフ、第７図は加圧減圧の繰り返しのタイム
チヤート、第８図は本発明を実施する加圧減圧殺
菌装置の他例の構成説明図、第９図は本発明を実
施する装置のさらに他の例の構成説明図、第１０
図は本発明を実施する装置のさらにまた他の例の
構成説明図である。
（符号の説明）、１，１′……加圧減圧殺菌装
置、２，２′……圧力容器、３……水、４，４′…
…ピストン、５……油圧シリンダ、１１……被処
理物、２０……被処理液体。
Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of an example of a pressure-reducing sterilizer for carrying out the pressure-reducing sterilization method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an external view of an example of a processed object in which the system to be sterilized is sealed, and Fig. 3 is a graph of data showing the relationship between pressure and survival rate of E. coli, Figure 4 is a graph of data showing the relationship between temperature and survival rate of E. coli, and Figure 5 is a graph of data showing the relationship between pressurization time and survival rate of E. coli. The graph of
Figure 6 is a graph showing the change in survival rate when pressurizing only once and when pressurizing and depressurizing is repeated for a certain period of time, Figure 7 is a time chart of repeated pressurizing and depressurizing, and Figure 8 is FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of another example of the pressurized and reduced pressure sterilizer for carrying out the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a configuration explanatory diagram of yet another example of an apparatus for implementing the present invention. (Explanation of symbols), 1, 1'... Pressure and vacuum sterilizer, 2, 2'... Pressure vessel, 3... Water, 4, 4'...
...Piston, 5...Hydraulic cylinder, 11...Object to be treated, 20...Liquid to be treated.
Claims (1)
を500Kgｆ／cm2以上で加圧し次いで減圧する操作
を少なくとも２回繰り返すことにより殺菌するこ
とを特徴とする加圧減圧殺菌方法。1. A pressure and vacuum sterilization method characterized by sterilizing a system containing Escherichia coli or similar bacteria by repeating the operation of pressurizing at 500 Kgf/cm 2 or more and then reducing the pressure at least twice.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22886886A JPS6382667A (en) | 1986-09-27 | 1986-09-27 | Pressure and reduced pressure sterilizing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22886886A JPS6382667A (en) | 1986-09-27 | 1986-09-27 | Pressure and reduced pressure sterilizing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6382667A JPS6382667A (en) | 1988-04-13 |
| JPH0346102B2 true JPH0346102B2 (en) | 1991-07-15 |
Family
ID=16883134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22886886A Granted JPS6382667A (en) | 1986-09-27 | 1986-09-27 | Pressure and reduced pressure sterilizing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6382667A (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02231063A (en) * | 1989-03-01 | 1990-09-13 | Endouseijiyuu Tomonokai:Kk | Improvement in sterilization of production of sterilized juice |
| JPH02255092A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-10-15 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Novel plasmid |
| JPH0316893U (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1991-02-20 | ||
| JPH0653055B2 (en) * | 1989-10-05 | 1994-07-20 | 天野実業株式会社 | Gas treatment antioxidant treatment equipment |
| JP2930382B2 (en) * | 1990-07-16 | 1999-08-03 | 雪印乳業株式会社 | Production method of fermented milk |
| JP2518752B2 (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1996-07-31 | 食品産業超高圧利用技術研究組合 | Tea beverage sterilization method |
| US5996478A (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 1999-12-07 | Flow International Corporation | Apparatus for pressure processing a pumpable food substance |
| US5993172A (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 1999-11-30 | Flow International Corporation | Method and apparatus for pressure processing a pumpable substance |
| JPH10295784A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 1998-11-10 | Masamichi Kikuchi | Sterilizing device and sterilizing method |
| US6164930A (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2000-12-26 | Flow International Corporation | Apparatus for regulating flow of a pumped substance |
| US6158981A (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2000-12-12 | Flow International Corporation | Method and apparatus for aseptic pressure-processing of pumpable substances |
| JP2000236857A (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 2000-09-05 | Ebara Corp | Inactivation of pathogenic cyst-forming microorganism in liquid |
| JP4556067B2 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2010-10-06 | プレッシャー バイオサイエンシズ インコーポレイテッド | Method for sterilizing vaccine and method for producing vaccine |
| JP2007038132A (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-15 | Fuji Electric Retail Systems Co Ltd | Method for sterilizing bath water, and sterilizer |
| JP2009082729A (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2009-04-23 | Bbi Bioseq Inc | Quick cryobaric sterilization, and vaccine preparation |
| JP4896211B2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2012-03-14 | 株式会社タカコ | Microbial mass control device and system |
-
1986
- 1986-09-27 JP JP22886886A patent/JPS6382667A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6382667A (en) | 1988-04-13 |
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