JPH0342654Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field] This invention relates to an electromagnetic device used for opening and closing contacts of a polarized relay.

[Background technology]

In order to stabilize the attraction characteristics of the electromagnetic device used to drive the contact mechanism in a polarized relay,
It is practiced to provide an air gap between the movable block and the fixed block magnetic pole part in the attracted state. This gap is called the residual gap.
However, in order to provide this, a part of the magnetic path is
For example, a permanent plate may be disposed between each magnetic pole portion of the movable block and the fixed block. A non-magnetic material (for example, phosphor bronze, brass, non-magnetic steel, etc.) is used for the residential plate. However, when a residential plate is used, the number of parts increases, and since the mounting means is welding or caulking, it takes a lot of man-hours, and when configured as an electromagnetic device, this is a major factor in increasing costs. In addition, the heat generated during welding
There were cases where the characteristics of the electromagnet device were affected.

[Purpose of invention]

In view of the above, this idea was developed to create an electromagnet with a permanent gap in a method that does not require many man-hours, without increasing the number of parts, that is, without using a permanent plate that must be fixed by welding or caulking. Its purpose is to provide equipment.

[Disclosure of invention]

In order to achieve the above object, this device is equipped with a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and consists of a combination of a fixed block and a movable block that moves forward and backward.
In an electromagnetic device that forms a permanent gap between the two blocks when the movable block moves forward and backward, the movable block is attached to a part of the insulating material fixing the fixed block. The gist thereof is an electromagnet device characterized in that a permanent gap is formed by controlling the forward and reverse movement of the movable block. This invention will be explained in detail below along with drawings showing examples thereof.

Note that in this invention, the insulating material that fixes the fixed block refers to what is usually called a base, but is not limited to this. Also, the insulating material that fixes the fixed block usually refers to the insulating material itself that fixes the fixed block.
Formed separately from the insulator that fixes the fixed block,
This also includes fixed insulators. For example, when applied to a polarized relay, the cover, body block, or base of the polarized relay corresponds to the insulator that fixes the fixed block.
Furthermore, in this invention, an insulator generally refers to a non-magnetic material and an electrical insulator, but is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional plan view of a first embodiment of this invention. As shown in FIG. 1, this electromagnet device includes a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and consists of a fixed block 1 and a movable block 2. In the fixed block 1, one end of an iron core 12 is fixed to the center of the inner side of a planar C-shaped yoke 11 by caulking or the like, and the fixed block 1 has an approximately E-shape in plan as a whole. A coil 13 is wound around the iron core 12 to form an electromagnet, and the free end 12a of the iron core forms a central magnetic pole. Both ends 11a, 11a of C-shaped yoke 11
are opposing magnetic pole parts that face each other with the central magnetic pole part 12a in between. The fixed block 1 is symmetrical about the axis 12b of the iron core 12, as seen in FIG. The central magnetic pole portion 12a and the opposing magnetic pole portions 11a, 11a are activated by excitation of the coil 13.
They are designed to have different polarities (N or S). The fixed block 1 is inserted into a recess (not shown) provided in the insulator 14 so that the insulator 1
It is fixed at 4. This insulator 14 has a wall-shaped rising portion 14a facing the rear side of the movable block 2 opposite to the fixed block 1. Two protrusions 14b, 14b extend from this rising portion 14a toward the movable block 2. These protrusions 14b, 14b are symmetrical about the extension line of the axis 12b of the iron core 12, as seen in FIG. Movable block 2 is 2
Two magnetic pieces 21, 21 sandwich a permanent magnet 22 from both ends in the direction of magnetization, and these pieces are integrated by an insulator 23. Among the ends 21n and 21s on the same side of these two magnetic pieces 21, 21, the magnetic piece 21 on the north pole side of the permanent magnet 22 21n is on the north pole, and the magnetic piece 21 on the south pole side 21s is S
The poles are each magnetized by a permanent magnet 22. The insulator 23 includes protrusions 23a that extend outward parallel to and symmetrically with the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 22;
23a. Movable block 2 has iron core 1
It is designed to be able to rotate forward and backward (in the directions of arrows A and B) around a shaft 24 that is an extension of the shaft 12b of No. 2 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the plane containing the C-shaped yoke 11 and the iron core 12. . The movable block 2 is fixed in such a way that the same side ends 21n and 21s of the two magnetic pieces 21 and 21 are inserted into the gap between the central magnetic pole part 12a and each opposing magnetic pole part 11a and 11a of the fixed block 1, respectively. Block 1 and movable block 2 are combined. When a certain magnetic current is passed through the coil 13 to excite the central magnetic pole part 12a to N pole and the opposing magnetic pole parts 11a, 11a to S pole, respectively, homopolar repulsion and different polarity occur between the magnetic poles of both blocks 1 and 2. Due to attraction, one end of the magnetic material 21n becomes the opposite magnetic pole part 11a, and one end of the magnetic material 21s becomes the central magnetic pole part 12.
moving block 2 in an attempt to contact a, respectively.
rotates in the direction of arrow A around axis 24. However, before they come into contact with each other, the protrusion 23a of the insulator 23 of the movable block 2 (hereinafter referred to as the movable insulator) touches the insulator fixing the fixed block 1 (hereinafter referred to as the fixed insulator). 14 protrusions 1
4b (the state shown in Fig. 1). Therefore, the movement of the movable block 2 is controlled, and the one end of the magnetic body 2
Gaps C and D are formed between 1n and the opposing magnetic pole portion 11a, and between the magnetic body end portion 21s and the central magnetic pole portion 12a, respectively. This void C, D
is the residential gap. C and D are C
=D, C>D, or C<D. When a current of opposite polarity is passed through the coil 13 to excite the central magnetic pole portion 12a to the S pole and the opposing magnetic pole portions 11a, 11a to the N pole, both blocks 1, 2
Due to the same-polar repulsion and different-polar attraction between the respective magnetic poles, the movable block 2 tries to contact the central magnetic pole part 12a with the magnetic material end part 21n and the magnetic material end part 21s with the opposing magnetic pole part 11a, respectively. Rotate around the center in the direction of arrow B. However, before they come into contact with each other, the protrusion 23a of the movable insulator 23
(This state is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 except for the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet 22, which is made symmetrical about the axis 12b, so it is not shown in the figure.) (omitted). Therefore, the movement of the movable block 2 is controlled, and between the magnetic body one end 21n and the central magnetic pole part 12a, and
A gap similar to that described above is formed between the magnetic body end portion 21s and the opposing magnetic pole portion 11a. This gap is the residential gap.

In the electromagnet device shown in this embodiment, the movable insulator 23 has protrusions 23a and 2 that extend outward symmetrically and parallel to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 22.
3a. These protrusions 23a, 23a are part of the fixed insulator 14 (protrusions 14b, 14b).
By contacting the movable block 2, forward and reverse rotation (in the directions of arrows A and B) of the movable block 2 is controlled. Therefore, the distance between the abutting portions from the shaft 24, which is the center of this forward and reverse rotation, is increased, and the protrusions 14b,
There is an advantage that stability of operation can be obtained even if the dimensional accuracy of 14b is not so strict.

A second embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 in a partially sectional plan view. As seen in FIG. 2, this electromagnetic device differs from the one shown in FIG. They are all the same except for their different shapes, and they rotate forward and backward in the same way, so the same numbers and symbols are given to the same things. The movable insulator 25 has a protrusion 25a extending away from the fixed block 1. The fixed insulator 15 has a wall-shaped rising portion 15a facing the back side of the movable block 2 on the side opposite to the fixed block 1. Two protrusions 15b, 15b extend from this rising portion 15a toward the movable block 2. These protrusions 15b, 15b are connected to the iron core 12 as shown in FIG.
It is symmetrical about the extension line of axis 12b.
A protrusion 25a of the movable insulator 25 is inserted between these protrusions 15b, 15b. A certain magnetic current is passed through the coil 13, and the central magnetic pole part 12
When a is excited to the north pole and the opposing magnetic pole portions 11a and 11a are excited to the south pole, the movable block 2 rotates in the direction of arrow A in the same manner as in the first embodiment. However, the protrusion 25a of the movable block 2
comes into contact with the protruding portion 15b of the fixed insulator 15, and the rotation of the movable block 2 is controlled, and as in the first embodiment, the central magnetic pole portion 12a, the opposing magnetic pole portion 11a, and each magnetic body end portion 21n, 21s, voids C and D are formed between them. These gaps C and D are the residential gaps. C and D may be C=D, C>D, or C<D. coil 13
A current of opposite polarity is passed through the center magnetic pole part 1.
When magnet 2a is magnetized to the S pole and the opposing magnetic pole portions 11a and 11a are magnetized to the N pole, the movable block 2 rotates in the direction of arrow B in the same manner as in the first embodiment. However, the rotation of the movable block 2 is controlled in the same manner as in the previous case, and a gap is formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. This gap is the residential gap.

In the electromagnet device shown in this embodiment, the movable insulator 25 does not have a protrusion extending in the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet 22, and can be made small.

Further, the electromagnet devices shown in the above two embodiments use a planar C-shaped yoke, and both ends of the yoke serve as opposing magnetic pole portions. Therefore, it is possible to form the yoke smaller than when a planar U-shaped yoke is used.

In the electromagnet device described above, the magnetic circuit formed by the permanent magnet is equal when the excitation is cut off in each state in which the movable block rotates forward and backward, and even after the excitation is cut off, the same magnetic circuit as before is maintained. Continue the state. That is, these electromagnetic devices are of the latching type.

The electromagnetic device of this invention forms a residential gap by only partially changing the shape of the fixed insulator or the fixed insulator and the movable insulator, so it can be manufactured without requiring a lot of man-hours and parts Since the number of points does not increase, the structure is simple and the electromagnetic device is low in cost. Moreover, it is possible to obtain a small size. Furthermore, the gap can be easily adjusted by simply changing the shape and position of the part of the fixed insulator that the movable block comes into contact with.

In an electromagnetic device equipped with a residential gap, attraction due to residual magnetism that remains even when the voltage of the coil is reduced to zero is prevented. Therefore, when the voltage of the coil is lowered to a certain level, the suction is immediately released, and the return is smooth and the suction characteristics are improved.

Note that the electromagnet device of this invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the fixed block may have an electromagnet and a yoke as in the above embodiment, but it may also have both an electromagnet and a permanent magnet, or a permanent magnet and a piece of magnetic material sandwiching it. Alternatively, it may have only a yoke serving as a magnetic path without having both an electromagnet and a permanent magnet. Correspondingly, the movable block may have a permanent magnet and a piece of magnetic material sandwiching the permanent magnet, but it may not have both an electromagnet and a permanent magnet, but only a yoke that serves as a magnetic path. It may have an electromagnet and a yoke, or it may have both an electromagnet and a permanent magnet. Also, both blocks may have permanent magnets, electromagnets, or both permanent magnets and electromagnets. The number of electromagnets and permanent magnets is not limited to one each. When a fixed block or a movable block has an electromagnet and a yoke, its shape is not limited to the shape of an approximately E-shape (or E-shape in a plane) as in the above embodiment; It is also possible to make a magnetic pole part, extend one piece from the other end of the iron core to just below the central magnetic pole part, and then separate it into left and right parts and raise it up from there to form opposing magnetic pole parts. Further, the iron core and the yoke may be formed separately and then integrated by caulking, press-fitting, or the like, or they may be formed integrally from the beginning by punching out a single plate. In this way, if they are integrally formed from the beginning by punching or the like from a single plate, it becomes possible to manufacture them in large quantities easily and with high precision. The part that comes into contact with the fixed insulator may be a movable insulator as in the above embodiment, but it may also be an insulator that does not integrate a movable block, and when applied to a polarized relay. It may also serve as a contact drive unit, or it may be a yoke, a permanent magnet, etc. that serves as a magnetic path. Furthermore, either or both of the fixed insulator and the movable insulator may be able to abut without providing a protrusion, and the abutment is not limited to the protrusions. The forward and reverse movement of the movable block may be rotation about an axis as in the above embodiment, but may also be rotation about a fulcrum, parallel movement, or the like.

The electromagnet device according to this invention becomes a latching type when the magnetic circuits formed by the permanent magnets are made equal when the excitation of the coil is cut off in each state in which the movable block moves forward and backward. , it maintains its previous stable state even after the coil is de-energized. In addition, if the magnetic resistance of either side of the magnetic circuit is large, it becomes a single-stable type, and in order to maintain a state of high magnetic resistance, the coil must be continuously excited (the polarity is determined by the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet, etc.). Therefore, when the excitation is stopped (this is the energized state), the movable block moves to a state where the magnetic resistance is small (this is the non-excited state). The excitation polarity of the coil that moves the movable block from a non-excited state is predetermined, and the movable block will not move if the excitation polarity is opposite to that of the excitation polarity. A specific method for obtaining a latching type is, for example, to make the electromagnetic device symmetrical as in the above embodiment. The specific method to obtain a single stable type is as follows.
For example, the widths of the residential gaps formed on the forward and reverse sides of the forward and reverse movement of the movable block may be made different. This can be done, as described above, by simply changing the shape, position, etc. of the part of the fixed insulator that the movable block abuts on the forward or reverse side.

The material of the insulator used in this invention is not particularly limited. Generally, plastic is used.

[Effect of idea]

As seen above, in the electromagnet device of this invention, the movable block comes into contact with a part of the insulator that fixes the fixed block, and the forward and reverse movement of the movable block is controlled, so that the residential cap is formed, so there is no need to attach the residential plate by welding, etc.
It requires fewer parts and has a simpler structure. Therefore, the attraction characteristics can be improved without causing deterioration of the magnetic characteristics due to welding. Further, since the number of assembly steps is reduced, costs can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are partially sectional plan views showing an embodiment of this invention. 1...Fixed block, 2...Movable block, 12...
Iron core, 13... Coil, 14, 15... Fixed insulator,
14b, 15b... Protrusion of fixed insulator, 22... Permanent magnet, C, D... Residential gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) It is equipped with a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and consists of a combination of a fixed block and a movable block that moves in the forward and reverse directions. In an electromagnetic device adapted to form a residential gap,
The movable block comes into contact with a part of the insulator that fixes the fixed block, and the forward and reverse movement of the movable block is controlled to form a residential gap. Features an electromagnetic device. (2) The fixed block is equipped with one central magnetic pole section and an opposing magnetic pole section that faces each other with the center magnetic pole section in between. The movable block has two pieces of magnetic material sandwiching a permanent magnet from both ends in the direction of magnetization, and these are integrated with an insulator. The two magnetic pieces on the same side of the movable block are inserted into the gaps between the central magnetic pole part and each opposing magnetic pole part of the fixed block, so that the two blocks are combined, and the permanent gear The electromagnet device according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet device is formed between the central magnetic pole portion, each opposing magnetic pole portion, and the same side ends of the two magnetic pieces when the movable block moves forward and backward. (3) The insulator of the movable block has a protrusion, and the protrusion comes into contact with the protrusion of the insulator fixing the fixed block, thereby controlling the forward and reverse movement of the movable block. An electromagnetic device according to claim 2 of the utility model registration claim.