JPH01168011A - Polarized electromagnet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve magnetic efficiency at the time of energizing and to obtain a sufficient attraction force of a polarized electromagnet for moving a core longitudinally of a pole piece by the energization of a coil by disposing the pole faces of any pole piece and the core for forming one or two main air gaps in a nonfacing manner at the time of nonenergizing, and extending the end of the piece to the core, or the end of the core to the pole piece. CONSTITUTION:The end of a yoke 6 at the opposite side to an L-shaped piece 6a is extended to an armature piece 5, the length of the piece 5 is shortened as compared with the size between both the yokes 6 and 6 to be inserted between the two yokes 6 and 6, thereby providing an air gap of a leakage type. A magnetic flux phi1 flows in a nonenergizing state. When a coil 1 is energized, a magnetic flux phi2 tends to flow. In this case, in a main air gap (3), the distance between the pole face of the end face of the yoke 6 and the pole face of the end face of the armature piece 5 is approached, thereby reducing its magnetic resistance. Accordingly, the magnetic resistance of the whole loop of magnetic flux phi2 is reduced at the time of energizing, thereby improving its energizing efficiency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a polarized electromagnet consisting of a four-gap bridge type magnetic circuit ellipse having four main gaps.

[Background Art J Figure 11 shows a conventional electromagnetic switchgear. This electromagnetic switchgear is a normally closed (b-contact, α-type) monostable operation type, and Figure 12 shows its attraction force and spring load characteristics. It shows. 1st
In FIG. 1, a movable core 3 is fitted into a coil bobbin 2 having a coil 1 wound around its outer periphery so as to be movable in the axial direction. Armatures 4 and 5 are fixed to both ends of the movable core 3, respectively.

Incidentally, the rain poles 4 and 5 and the movable iron core 3 constitute an iron core portion. Yokes 6, 6, which are abbreviated magnetic pole pieces, are arranged on the outside of the fill 1, and permanent magnets 7, 7 are arranged on the outside of the yokes 6, respectively.

Further, approximately U-shaped yokes 8, which are magnetic pole pieces, are arranged on the outside of the permanent magnet 7, and the permanent magnet 7 is sandwiched between the two yokes 6.8. Here, the end of one armature 4 is positioned between the L-shaped piece 6ai of the yoke 6 and the L-shaped piece 8a of the yoke 8.
Also, the end of the other armature 5 is located between the other L-shaped piece 8b of the yoke 8 and the end surface of the yoke 6. These, #, pole 4゜5 and L-shaped piece (3at 8a, 8
b means that the magnetic pole faces are arranged opposite to each other. A regular plate 9 is provided inside the L-shaped piece 8a of the seeker 8.

A contact holder 10 is attached to the end of the movable iron core 3, and a movable contact 11 biased by a contact spring 12 is provided on the contact holder 10. A movable contact 11m is fixed to both sides of the movable contact 11, and a fixed contact plate 13 is arranged on which a fixed contact 13a facing the movable contact 11a is fixed. Further, a return spring 14 for returning the movable core 3 is provided on the protruding direction side of the movable core 3.

Here, the opening between the L-shaped piece 8a of the yoke 8 and the armature 4 is defined as the main gap ■, the gap between the armature 4 and the L-shaped piece (3m) of the yoke 6 is defined as the main gap ■, and the end of the yoke 6 and The space between the armature 5 and the armature 5 is defined as a main gap (2), and the space between the armature 5 and the L-shaped piece 8b of the yoke 8 is defined as a main gap (2).

FIG. 11(b) shows a non-excited state. In this state, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 changes from the N pole to the yoke 6 → the main air gap
-> Armature 4 -> Movable iron core 3 -> Armature 5 -> Main gap ■ -> φ flowing through the yoke 8 to the S pole of the permanent magnet 7 is formed. In this state, the movable core block composed of the armatures 4 and 5 and the movable core 3 is held in the state shown in FIG.
σ11a.

13a is open. In this state, when the coil 1 is excited so that the N and S poles shown in the armatures 4 and 5 are generated as shown in FIG. The pole and the north pole formed by the permanent magnet 7 of the yoke 6 oppose each other, the magnetic potential difference decreases, and the magnetic flux decreases significantly. Similarly, in the main gap (2), the south poles become mutual, and the magnetic flux decreases.

On the other hand, in the main gap ■ and the main gap ■, the armature 4 and the yoke 8,
Since the armature 5 and the yoke 6 become N-pole and S-pole, respectively, the magnetic potential difference increases and the magnetic flux increases. Therefore, the suction force in the main gaps (2) and (2) increases, and the suction force in the main gaps (2) and (2) decreases, so that the force for holding the movable iron pulley decreases. The force of the contact spring 12 is greater than this suction force (if it becomes
The movable core block works toward the left in the figure, Figure 11 (a)
operate in the state of In this state, contacts 11a and 13a are open. Incidentally, the magnetic flux φ2 in FIG. 11(b) indicates the flow of magnetic flux during excitation.

The configuration of this electromagnet is a four-gap bridge type magnetic circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 13, which is known as a highly efficient polarized magnetic circuit configuration, and the electromagnetic rl 11 ! ! It is often used for placement. In FIG. 11, a regular plate 9 is inserted, and the area of the magnetic pole on the main gap (2) side of the yoke 6 is reduced to facilitate monostable operation. The suction force is as shown in FIG. The left end of Figure 12 is the first
In the state of FIG. 1(b), the right end corresponds to the state of FIG. 11(a).

In this conventional example, the contact spring load is overtravel (OT) @ variation due to positional deviation of the contact, contact, α
Variations in the spring itself 1. There are many factors that cause variations in contact spring loads, such as a decrease in OT due to contact wear, so it is desirable to have sufficient margin for suction force.

However, the end face of the yoke 6 and the magnetic pole face of the armature 5 face each other, and the main gap (2) between them is wide and the magnetic resistance is high, resulting in a problem that sufficient attractive force cannot be obtained.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been provided in view of the above-mentioned points, and provides a polarized electromagnet for the purpose of improving magnetic efficiency during excitation and obtaining sufficient attractive force. be.

[Disclosure of the Invention] (Structure) The present invention provides a permanent magnet, two magnetic pole pieces sandwiching the permanent magnet, and an iron core portion around which a coil is wound to form a magnetic circuit with the magnetic pole pieces. , a four-gap bridge type magnetic circuit h1 configuration in which the ends of the iron core are located between the ends of the two magnetic pole pieces, and four main gaps are formed by the two magnetic pole pieces and the iron core, In a two-poled electromagnet in which the core moves in the longitudinal direction of the pole pieces when the coil is energized, the pole face of one of the pole pieces that constitutes one or two main gaps when not energized and the pole face on the core side By arranging the pole pieces not facing each other, and by forming the end of the magnetic pole piece on the iron core side, or the end of the iron core part extending to one side of the magnetic pole, one or two main gaps are formed in the center when not energized. The main gap is formed by arranging the magnetic pole surfaces of the magnetic pole piece and the iron core part so that they do not face each other, and by forming the RA part of the magnetic pole piece on the iron core side or the end of the iron core part extending to one side of the magnetic pole. The vf characteristic is that the magnetic resistance between the two magnetic pole faces is reduced by narrowing the magnetic field, thereby obtaining sufficient attractive force during excitation.

(Example 1) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figures show the present invention, with (a) showing the excitation state and (b) showing the excitation state.
) indicate the non-excited state.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, the end of the yoke 6 on the opposite side to the L-shaped piece 6a is formed to extend toward the armature 5 side, and the length of the armature 5 is set so that both yokes 6 and 6 are open. It is made shorter than the dimensions and fits between the two yokes 6.6 to form a leakage-type gap. That is, the armature 5g of the yoke 6
The magnetic pole surface of A and the magnetic pole surface of the armature 5 are not opposed, but are perpendicular to each other, and the opening between the magnetic pole surface of the end of the yoke 6 and the magnetic pole surface of the armature 5 is defined as the main gap ■. , the size of this main gap (2) is shortened to reduce magnetic resistance.

The other configurations are the same as the conventional example shown in FIG. Figure f52 shows a perspective view of the present electromagnetic device.

The operating principle is exactly the same as the conventional example shown in FIG. 11, and in the non-excited state shown in FIG. 1, the magnetic flux φ1 flows as in the conventional example. Then, when coil 1 is excited, the magnetic flux φ
2 is about to flow. At this time, in the main gap (2), the distance between the magnetic pole surface of the end surface of the yoke 6 and the magnetic pole surface of the end surface of the armature 5 is closer than in the case (11) of FIG. 11, and the magnetic resistance is small. Therefore, during excitation, the magnetic resistance of the entire loop of magnetic flux φ2 is smaller than in the case of FIG. 11 (1,), and the excitation efficiency is improved. The t53 diagram shows the attraction force characteristics in this case. In the operation start suction force characteristics shown in FIG. 3, the solid line shows the case of the embodiment of the present invention, and the broken line shows the case of a conventional example. Therefore, at the start of operation, there is a difference in the attraction force of F, and the attraction force increases with the same excitation seven bearing turns.

With this configuration, the attractive force during excitation becomes large, and even if the spring load fluctuates due to variations in contact OT, contact wear, etc., the operating voltage of the electromagnetic switchgear can operate at a predetermined value. It is. It is also possible to increase the sensitivity of electromagnetic switching devices.

By the way, FIG. 1 shows the yoke 6 centered around the movable core 3.
．． 8. The permanent magnet 7 is arranged on the target, but 1
As shown in Figure 4, a yoke 6. is attached only to one side of the movable core 3.
8. The same effect as above can be obtained even with a configuration in which permanent magnets 7 are arranged. In this case, the upward armature 4 at both ends of the movable iron core 3
, 5 are integrally formed.

(Example 2) Fig. 5 shows a two-touching type polarized electromagnetic stone, in which the yoke 6 is formed in a U-shape, and the L-shaped pieces 6a, 6 at the ends are formed in a U-shape.
Armatures 4.5 fixed to the movable core 3 are arranged between the L-shaped pieces 8a and 8b of the outer yokes 8 and 8, respectively. This is also shown in Figure 5! From the bottom, as shown in FIG. 6, the L-shaped piece 6a of the yoke 6.

GI) is deleted, and the armatures 4 and 5 are made shorter than the length between the two sides 6 and 6, as in the case of FIG. Here, the main gap (■) is between the L-shaped piece 8a of the yoke 8 and the armature 4, the main gap (■) is between the end of the armature 4 and the end of the yoke 6, and the other end of the yoke 6 is The opening between the armature 5 and the end of the armature 5 is defined as a main gap (2), and the opening between the armature 5 and the L-shaped piece 8b of the yoke 8 is defined as a main gap (2).

FIG. 7 shows the attraction force characteristics, the solid line shows the case of FIG. 6, and the broken line shows the case of f55.

Δ in Fig. 7 indicates the suction force width in the case of Fig. 6, and B indicates the width of the suction force in the case of Fig. 6.
The width of the suction force in the case shown in the figure is shown. Then, A>B. By having the configuration as shown in Figure 6,
As in the previous embodiment, the main gap can be of a leakage type to improve magnetic efficiency and improve attractive force. still,
As shown in FIG. 7, near the final end of the stroke, the attractive force by the permanent magnet 7 decreases, but the width of the attractive force when magnetized increases, and the excitation efficiency is improved.

Figure @6 shows a latching type configuration in which a yoke 6 and a permanent magnet 7 are arranged symmetrically around a movable core 3, but as shown in FIG. 8. The same effect as above can be obtained even with a configuration in which permanent magnets 7 are arranged. In this case, the armatures 4 and 5 are integrally formed from both ends of the movable iron core 3.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment, in which the L-shaped pieces 8m and 8b on both sides of the yoke 8 of the previous embodiment are deleted, and both ends of the yoke 8 and the armatures 4 and 5 are replaced. The main gap is between the ends. The case shown in FIG. 9 also has a latching type polar electromagnet configuration. FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the one-sided structure in the case of FIG. 9. In this case, the armature 4,
5 is integrally formed and extends to the yoke 8 side.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention includes a permanent magnet, two magnetic pole pieces sandwiching the permanent magnet, and an iron core portion around which a coil is wound to form a magnetic circuit with the magnetic pole piece. A four-gap bridge type magnetic circuit configuration in which the ends of the iron core are located between the ends of the two magnetic pole pieces, and four main gaps are formed by the two magnetic pole pieces and the iron core. In a polarized electromagnet in which the iron core moves in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic pole piece due to excitation,
When not energized, the magnetic pole surface of one of the magnetic pole pieces constituting one or two main gaps and the magnetic pole surface on the iron core side are arranged non-opposingly, and the end of the magnetic pole piece is placed on the iron core side or of?
Since the @ part is formed to extend to one side of the magnetic pole, the pole surfaces of the magnetic pole piece and the iron core part, which constitute one or two main gaps when not energized, are arranged so as not to face each other, and the end of the magnetic pole piece is The main gap is narrowed by forming a part on the iron core side or an end of the iron core part extending to one side of the magnetic pole to reduce the magnetic resistance between the two magnetic pole faces, thereby obtaining sufficient attractive force during excitation. It has the effect that it can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 (aHb) is a sectional view showing an excitation state and a sectional view showing an unexcited state of the embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same as above, and Fig. fpJ3 is a characteristic diagram showing the attraction force characteristics of the same as above. ,t
Figure jS4 is a sectional view showing an embodiment with the same one-sided configuration as above,
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a latching type polar electromagnet which is a conventional example of another embodiment of the same as above, Fig. 6 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the same as above, and rJS7 is a characteristic showing the attraction force characteristics of the same as above. FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an embodiment with the same one-sided configuration as above,
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment same as above, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment with one side configuration same as above,
1,) is a sectional view showing the excitation state of the conventional example and the non-rIJ
h is a sectional view showing the magnetic state, FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing the attraction force characteristics of the conventional example, and FIG. 13 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the same. 1 is a coil, 3 is a movable iron core, 4 and 5 are armatures, 6 is a yoke, 7 is a permanent magnet, 8 is a yoke, and ■ to ■ are main gaps. Agent Patent Attorney Stone 1) Long 71... Coil 6... Yoke 7... Permanent magnet (b) Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 9: 1 5 Figure 11 (b) Figure 12 Figure 13

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A permanent magnet, two magnetic pole pieces sandwiching the permanent magnet, and an iron core portion around which a coil is wound to form a magnetic circuit with the magnetic pole piece, and between both ends of the two magnetic pole pieces. This is a four-gap bridge type magnetic circuit configuration in which the ends of the iron core are located at the two magnetic pole pieces and the iron core to form four main gaps. In a polarized electromagnet that moves, the magnetic pole face of one of the magnetic pole pieces constituting one or two main gaps when not energized and the magnetic pole face on the iron core side are arranged non-opposingly, and the end of the magnetic pole piece is A polarized electromagnet characterized in that it is formed by forming an iron core part side or an end part of the iron core part extending to one side of the magnetic pole.