JPH0341879B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A method for automatically demanding the measured signal value and identification signal in an alarm installation having a central unit and at least one signal line (ML) to which a plurality of signals (M) are connected, wherein in the case of cyclic demanding, in each signal (M) a time element (T1) influenced by the measured signal value by means of a measuring transducer (MW) is connected to the signal line (ML), and in the central unit the signal address is derived from the number of the increases of the conduction current (IL) effected thereby, and the measured signal value is derived from the length of the respective switching delay, characterised in that in each signal (M) the transit time (T) of the time element (T1) is controlled by means of an output signal (USU ) formed in a signal converter (SU) and representing the sum of the measured signal value and an identification signal (UMW + UK ), and in the central unit, in addition to the signal address, both the measured signal value and also the identification signal (K) of the respective signal is derived from the respective switching delay (T1 to Ti ).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION State of the Art The present invention relates to a method and a device for automatically detecting alarm measurements and alarm markings in a notification device, such as a danger notification device. In that case, this danger notification device shall be connected to the notification center and at least one
It has two reporting lines, and a plurality of alarms are connected to the reporting line. In each alarm, a timing element is connected to the reporting line during periodic detection, which is controlled by the measurement value of the alarm via a measuring transducer. In the notification center, the alarm address is derived from the number of rises in the notification line current, and the alarm measurement value is derived from the length of the delay time. In this case, an additional current pulse is generated by briefly connecting the load resistor to the reporting line by means of the associated timing element.

Danger notification devices are often equipped with various alarms. For example, a smoke alarm, a heat alarm, a flame alarm, a push button alarm, etc. are connected to the fire alarm device. The physical characteristics measured in the event of a fire are evaluated in the alarm system according to a suitable algorithm. Normally, only standardized digital signals are transmitted to reporting centers. In this case, different characteristic quantities may be evaluated in the annunciator according to different algorithms. Other reporting devices are also known. With this device,
The fire characteristics are not evaluated within the alarm system, but are sent in analog form to the notification center using a suitable transmission method. In the notification center, an evaluation device (preferably a microcomputer) processes all the alarm readings. This type of reporting device can also be used for intrusion prevention purposes.

Such a notification device is described, for example, in German Patent No. 25 33 330. In this device, when all alarms connected to one line are called and detected after their specific delay time, the alarms are detected with a pulse duration proportional to the measured value in order to extract a current pulse. be done. The evaluation device of the reporting center then detects the address of each alarm by measuring the delay time and detects the analog measurement value of the alarm by measuring the pulse width.

According to this method, during the periodic ringing detection of each annunciator, not only the instantaneous annunciator measurement value but also the annunciator address can be detected. In this case, the alarm device address is detected (identified) from the delay time until pulse generation on the alarm device side. An analog annunciator measurement is derived from the pulse duration (pulse width). However, with this method for transmitting measured values, no indicator signal indicating the third characteristic quantity, for example the type of alarm (smoke alarm, heat alarm, flame alarm, etc.), is generated.

Federal Republic of Germany Patent No. 2533382 states:
A method for this type of reporting device is described. According to this method, at the beginning of each detection cycle, all annunciators are electrically isolated from the reporting line. The separated annunciators are then connected in a predetermined sequence such that each annunciator additionally connects the following annunciator to the line voltage after a delay time corresponding to its measured value has elapsed. At this time, the evaluation device located at the notification center detects each alarm address from the number of times the line current has increased previously, and also detects a measurement value from the length of the corresponding time delay. In the notification center, the analog alarm measurement signals are combined and processed in order to identify and retrieve fault information or warning information.

However, it is not always possible or meaningful to evaluate and process the measured values of various alarm devices in a uniform manner. For example, in automatic smoke alarms, integral characteristics are more suitable for blocking short-term disturbances. In this case, an alarm is issued only when the signal lasts for a predetermined period of time. In contrast, with a manual alarm, it is necessary to issue a notification immediately after the pushbutton alarm is operated.

Further, when the alarm is activated for the purpose of inspection, for example, there is no need to issue an alarm. The alarm only needs to send a response to the notification center. In this case, the types or different operating states of the various alarms must be identified and the results communicated to the notification center.

In the above-mentioned notification devices, a notification indicator, that is, a signal indicating the type and status of the notification device, is generally manually input into the notification center for the notification device in question.
For each alarm in the reporting device, their unique indicators (type of alarm, alarm being tested, alarms not connected, etc.) are stored in the center.
The entry of such alarm indicators is generally carried out manually and stored accordingly via a switch or keyboard. In this case, the input data must correspond exactly to the actual state of the device. However, since the reporting device cannot reliably detect errors that occur during input or errors that occur when replacing the alarm, serious consequences may occur when issuing an alarm.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a method and a device that avoids manual entry of alarm indicators in a reporting center and instead automatically detects alarm indicators and alarm readings. In this case, it must be possible to automatically detect and evaluate the characteristic markings of the alarm in a notification center using known transmission methods and known evaluation devices and at low cost.

Structure and Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, this problem is solved by a method having the features described in claim 1.

According to the invention, the signal generated by each alarm and controlling the delay time of the timing element is formed from the sum of the signal for the measurement value of the alarm and the characteristic signal for the alarm indicator. . In the reporting center, the alarm measurement value and the alarm indicator for the alarm are detected from the delay time of the timing element or the switching delay time until the connection of the adjacent alarm.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, indicator signals having a predetermined constant value or a multiple thereof are provided for the various alarm indicators in order to control the delay time of the timing element of each alarm. Occur. Inside the reporting center, the time until adjacent alarms connect is simply measured, and the alarm measurement value is detected from the total time. This is advantageously done by dividing the total measured time by a time corresponding to a constant value. If a quotient with no remainder is then obtained, an annunciator indicator is generated, and if there is a remainder, it corresponds to an annunciator measurement.

In order to easily derive the alarm measurement value and the alarm indicator from the delay time, it is advantageous to adjust the constant value to be greater than the maximum alarm measurement value. Otherwise, expensive measurement equipment and complex evaluation equipment are required.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the following configuration is provided for alarms, such as ionization alarms and heat alarms, which operate according to different physical laws in the system and are connected to the reporting line. It will be done. This means that different rest values (measured values of an inactive annunciator) have different switching delay times for the timing elements of the annunciator in question. Thereby, the indicator or type of this alarm can be derived.

The device according to the invention is constructed in accordance with the features set out in claim 5 of the scope of the patented invention. In this case, the signal controlling the running time of the timing element of each alarm is
The timing element is reached from the output side of the signal converter. A signal converter is connected in parallel with the reporting line in each annunciator and has a measuring converter and a beacon transmitter connected in series therewith. Inside the reporting center,
An evaluation device is placed. This evaluation device detects the measurement value and indicator of the alarm from the delay time of the timing element.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an annunciator with a signal converter for implementing the method according to the invention. The alarm M is connected to the reporting center via the reporting line ML. A plurality of alarm devices (not shown) are also connected to the notification line ML. The reporting line ML consists of conductors 1 and 2, between which a voltage U is applied. The alarm M has a timing element T1, which is activated by the application of a voltage U during periodic detection. The delay time T of the timing element T1 is
It is determined by the output signal U _SU of the signal converter SU. In other words, the magnitude of this output signal controls the delay time T of the timer. The signal converter SU has a measuring converter MW and a beacon transmitter KG. In this case, the measuring transducer MW converts the physical characteristics of the fire into an electrical signal, and the beacon transmitter KG identifies the type of alarm.

The beacon transmitter KG is connected in series with the measuring transducer MW. At the beginning of the detection cycle, the line voltage U
is momentarily cut off. Therefore, during this time, in order to power the measuring transducer MW, capacitor C1
is provided. In this case, diode D1 prevents reverse power feeding. When the line voltage U is connected, the timing element T1 starts operating. After a delay time T, which depends on the output signal _USU of the signal converter, the transistor TR1 becomes low-resistance and connects the reporting line through to the nearest annunciator. When this alarm is connected, the line current increases. Accurately detect the connection of this alarm at the reporting center,
In addition, in order to prevent a large increase in current, that is, to prevent an increase in current consumption in the line, each alarm is provided with a second time element MF; R _T , _CT .
This second timing element additionally connects the load resistor R2 to the reporting line ML in a known manner by means of the connection of the nearest annunciator, thereby supplying an additional current pulse to the line. The second timing element is connected downstream of the timing element T1 and in this embodiment consists of a monostable multivibrator MF.
Monostable multivibrator MF transistor
Set at the same time as TR1 becomes conductive. The output signal Q of the monostable multivibrator MF is also supplied to another transistor TR2, which also becomes conductive. At this time, transistor TR2 is connected to resistor R2.
supplying additional current to the reporting line ML via
This current acts as a known current pulse. The monostable multivibrator MF includes RC elements R _T , C _T
is assigned, thereby setting the metastable time of the monostable multivibrator. Resistor R2 determines the amplitude of the additional current pulse.

FIG. 2 shows the basic circuit configuration of the signal converter SU. In this case, a voltage source _UK is connected in series with the measuring transducer MW.

The output signal U _SU of the signal converter SU is the measuring signal U _MW
and the beacon signal U _K. The exact value of the indicator is determined by the signal U _K. Different indicator signals U _K are required to form different indicator indicators. In this case, a constant voltage source U _K is used for the alarm sign K ₁ , and a voltage (n・U _K ) that is an integral multiple of the constant voltage source U _K is used for the other signs K ₂ to _Ko . It's advantageous. When constant voltage source U _K =0,
Alarm indicator K ₀ occurs. This point will be explained in detail later with reference to FIG.

Figure 3 shows a signal converter used for the ionization alarm IM (an alarm that uses ionization phenomenon).
Shows SU. Here, the ionization box IK serves as the measuring transducer. The indicator transmitter or constant voltage source is a measuring resistor R _IM connected in series with the ionization chamber IK.
It consists of If the ionization indicator IM is not operating, a voltage U _KI which characterizes the indicator IM appears at the output of the signal converter SU. this voltage
U _KI characterizes the ionization detector IM and takes a relatively large value when it is not activated.
Therefore, during detection, the delay time of the timer T1
T ₁ becomes longer. On the other hand, when smoke enters the ionization box, the current decreases and the voltage U _KI appearing at the output of the signal converter SU becomes smaller. Therefore, the switching delay time of the ionization alarm is shorter than when it is not activated. This is detected as an alarm in the notification center and evaluated accordingly.
However, in this case, the marker for the alarm cannot be detected.

Figure 4 shows the signal converter for the heat alarm WM.
WM is indicated, but in this case, the opposite phenomenon to that of the ionization alarm described above occurs. In the heat alarm WM,
A temperature sensing element, namely a thermistor HL, is connected in series with the measuring resistor R _WM . When this alarm WM is inactive, a relatively small voltage U _KW appears at the output of its signal converter SU. Therefore, during periodic detection, the timing element T1 only operates for a short delay time T _W . In this case, if the inoperable state continues, the heat alarm will be detected in the notification center due to the short delay time. As the temperature increases, the voltage appearing on the measuring resistor R _WM increases and thus the delay time of the timing element T1 increases. This is evaluated as a warning sign within the reporting center.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing, for example, a current flowing through a reporting line. In this case, time t is plotted on the horizontal axis and line current IL is plotted on the vertical axis. During periodic detection,
Application of the line voltage U at time t ₁ connects the first annunciator M1 to the annunciator line ML. Therefore, a current of a predetermined magnitude flows through the reporting line only for the time _T1 , which is the time when the timing element T1 starts operating and the second
This continues until the annunciator M2 is connected at time _t2 . According to the method of the invention, the delay time T of the timing element T1
1 is adjusted accordingly by the signal converter SU as a function of the indicator indicator K and the measured value of the indicator. The annunciator M1 has, for example, an annunciator mark K ₂ formed from a voltage (2·U _K ) that is twice the constant voltage U _K (as described in connection with FIG. 2). Timing element T
The delay time T ₁ of 1 is determined by the beacon signal with a constant value 2·T _K + the measurement signal T _MW1 . The indicator K ₂ ∧=2·T _K and the measured variable T _MW1 of the first alarm M1 are therefore derived from the delay time T ₁ of the timing element T1. At time t ₂ , ie after the delay time T ₁ of timing element T1 has elapsed, an additional pulse is supplied to second alarm M2 via transistor TR1.
In FIG. 5, the delay time of the timing element of the second alarm M2 is indicated by _T2 . T ₂ is the alarm measurement value
Compatible with T _MW2 . This is because no additional constant value is formed as a beacon signal, i.e. (T _K =
0), therefore the annunciator M2 has the indicator K ₀ .

After the delay time of the timing element of the second alarm has elapsed,
That is, at time _t3 , the third alarm M3 is connected. The delay time T ₃ of this third alarm M3 is also determined by the beacon signal and the measurement signal. In that case, the indicator K3 is three times the constant value T _K (3·T _K ). Also, the measured quantity is T _MW3 . Also shown in FIG. 5 are the connection points of other annunciators. That is, at time _t4 , the fourth alarm M4 whose timer element has a delay time of _T4 is connected. This delay time is
It is determined by the alarm measurement value T _MW4 and the alarm indicator K ₁ which is a constant value T _K . At time t5, the fifth
of alarms are connected, and detection of the reporting line is carried out in the same manner until all the alarms are detected.

In the notification center, the measured quantities and indicators of the alarm are derived from the delay times of the respective timing elements measured there. In this case, the individual delay times are detected by means of so-called time windows formed within the center. FIG. 5 shows these successive time windows at the top of the diagram. It is newly formed by the connection of each annunciator. Therefore, for example, at the time t1 when the first alarm M1 starts operating,
Time windows ZF1 to ZF3 are set. As shown in the figure, if the connection pulse of the second alarm M2 occurs in the third time window ZF3, it is thereby detected that the first alarm M1 has the alarm indicator _K2 . be done. In the notification center, a series of time windows ZF1, . . . are formed by the connection of the second alarm M2. Then, if the next annunciator connection pulse occurs in the first time window as shown, it is detected that the second annunciator M2 has an annunciator indicator K ₀ . In Fig. 5, other alarms M3, M4, M
Detection for 5 is performed in the same way. However, apart from this, as mentioned above, the alarm indicator K is detected by forming the quotient of the measured delay time T and a predetermined constant value _TK , and the remaining value
It is also possible to detect alarm measurements from T _WM .

FIG. 6 is a current-time diagram shown in connection with the two types of alarms shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In this diagram as well, the line current is expressed as time t on the horizontal axis.
IL is taken as the vertical axis. When detecting the track, the first
The timing element T1 of the annunciator M1 is activated at time t1. In this case, the first annunciator M1 is an ionization annunciator M and has a rest value RW ₁ . It has a large voltage U _KI , contrary to the case of other alarms
is generated at the output side of the signal converter SU. Therefore,
The delay time T1 of the timing element _T1 also becomes longer. If the second alarm M2 is a heat alarm WM, it produces a small output voltage at the signal converter SU, contrary to the first alarm M1. Therefore, the timer element of the heat alarm only operates for a short time T _W . thus,
Rest value RW _I or various alarms IM or WM
Based on the difference in RW _W , it is possible to detect the type of alarm device within the same reporting device. For this purpose, the ionization alarm IW has a long rest value RW _I and the heat alarm WM has a short rest value RW _W. In this embodiment, the above-described method was applied to only two types of alarm devices, but it is natural that it can be applied to a larger number of alarm devices.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an annunciator according to the invention having a signal converter, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a signal converter, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a signal converter for an ionization annunciator. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a signal converter for a heat alarm, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are current-time diagrams in the reporting line. M...Alarm, ML...Notification line, SU...Signal converter, MW...Measurement converter, KG...Tag transmitter, T1...Timer, IM...Ionization alarm, WM...Heat Alarm, IK...Ionization box, HL
...Thermistor, MF...Monostable multivibrator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Notification center and at least one notification line
ML, and a plurality of alarms M are connected to the reporting line, in which case, in each alarm M, when performing periodic detection, the measurement of the alarm is performed via the measurement converter MW. A value-controlled timing element T1 is connected to the reporting line ML, and in the reporting center the alarm address is derived from the number of rises in the reporting line current IL, and from the length of the switching delay time the alarm address is derived. In a method for automatically detecting an alarm measurement value and an alarm indicator in a notification device, in which the alarm measurement value is derived, a timing element T is provided in each alarm M.
a delay time T of 1 is formed in the signal converter;
and controlled by an output signal indicating the sum U ( _MW + U _K ) of the measured value of the alarm and the indicator signal of the alarm,
Furthermore, in the reporting center, in addition to the alarm address, the alarm measurement value and the alarm indicator K are derived from the respective switching delay times in the reporting device. How to automatically detect alarm signs. 2. Various alarm signs K _p and K _o are formed from the sign signals UK having a predetermined constant value T _K and its integral multiple value (n T _K ) in each alarm; , the alarm indicator K is detected from the measured switching delay times T ₁ to _{T i} by forming the quotient of the delay time T and a constant value T _K , and the remaining remainder T _MW is then determined. A method for automatically detecting an alarm measurement value and an alarm indicator in a reporting device according to claim 1, wherein the alarm measurement value and the alarm indicator are made to correspond to the alarm measurement value. 3. The constant value T _K is greater than the switching delay time T _MW determined by the maximum alarm measurement value (T _K >
T _MWnax ) A method for automatically detecting an alarm measurement value and an alarm indicator in a reporting device according to claim 1. 4 The output signal of the signal transmitter SU is transmitted to the alarm IM,
The voltage drop U _K at the rest value of WM and the measuring resistor R _M connected in series with the measured value transmitters IK, HL
In this case, different types of alarms IM,
At various rest values RW _I , RW _W of WM, the delay times T _I , T _W of each timing element T1 are variously controlled,
Further, in the reporting center, the indicator of the alarm in the dormant state is derived from the different switching delay times T _I and T _W as claimed in claim 1.
A method for automatically detecting alarm readings and alarm markings in a reporting device. 5 Notification center and at least one notification line
ML, and a plurality of alarms M are connected to the reporting line, in which case, in each alarm M, when performing periodic detection, the measurement of the alarm is performed via the measurement converter MW. A value-controlled timing element T1 is connected to the notification line ML, and in the notification center the annunciator address is derived from the number of rises in the notification line current IL, and from the length of the delay time the annunciator address is derived. In a device for automatically detecting alarm measurements and alarm markings in a reporting device from which the measurement values are derived, each alarm M has a signal converter SU connected in parallel to the reporting line ML. the signal converter has a measuring transducer MW and a beacon transmitter KG, and the output side of the signal converter SU is connected to a timing element T1 which can be controlled by its output signal U _SU ; The notification center is characterized in that an evaluation device is provided for deriving the measurement value and indicator of each alarm, Device to detect. 6 In the signal converter SU, a voltage source U _K for characterizing the alarm indicator K is provided in series with the measuring converter MW, with a constant value T _K or an integral multiple thereof n·T _K 6. A device for automatically detecting an alarm measurement value and an alarm indicator in a reporting device according to claim 5, wherein the alarm indicator is generated for various alarm indicators K _p -K _o . 7. Individual signal converters SU of different types of alarms IM, WM with different resting values RW _I , RW _W
formed by the respective measured value transmitter IK, HL and the measuring resistor R _IM , R _WM connected in series with it,
In this case, in the notification device according to claim 5, the different rest values RW _I and RW _W act on various switching delay times T _I and _TW , the measured values of the annunciator and the A device that automatically detects signs.