JPH0340488Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a main-spindle moving type automatic lathe, and particularly to an automatic lathe equipped with a guide bush for guiding a workpiece near a cutting position.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, automatic lathes have been widely used in which a spindle holds a workpiece and moves in the direction of the centerline of the spindle, and the workpiece is cut by a blade that is normally at a stationary position. In this automatic lathe, in order to process a long and narrow workpiece with high precision, a guide bushing is placed near the processing position, and this guide bushing guides the outer circumference of the workpiece before processing, thereby preventing the workpiece from deflecting.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in such a configuration, the guide bushing is set to guide the outer circumference of the workpiece before machining, so the guide bushing cannot guide the workpiece whose outer circumferential surface has been machined. It is not possible to perform two-stage machining, in which rough machining is performed, then the material is retreated to its original position, and then moved forward again to perform finishing machining. For this reason, conventionally, it was necessary to finish the workpiece to the final shape by advancing the workpiece only once, and when machining a large cutting depth like the workpiece W shown in It is necessary to move the spindle holding the workpiece very slowly, that is, to feed the workpiece very slowly.
There was a problem that the processing cycle took a long time.

This invention was devised in view of these problems.
For relatively short items that do not require a guide bushing, there is a moving spindle type that enables processing such as finishing after rough machining by moving the spindle forward and backward without using a guide bushing. The purpose is to provide automatic lathes.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention, which was developed to solve the above problems, consists of a main spindle equipped with a collect chuck for fixing a workpiece, a headstock that rotatably holds the main spindle and is movable in the direction of the spindle center line, and a spindle in front of the main spindle. Located in
An automatic lathe having a guide bush that slidably guides a workpiece, wherein the guide bush is configured to be removable from an insertion hole formed in a guide bush support, and further, the guide bush is removable from the insertion hole after the guide bush has been removed. a cylindrical sleeve that is detachably attached to the tip of the headstock and guided by the guide sleeve; and an adapter that is rotatably guided by the cylindrical sleeve and detachably fixed to the tip of the spindle. The object of the present invention is to provide a moving main spindle type automatic lathe, which is characterized in that the adapter is equipped with a collect chuck for fixing a workpiece.

[Effect]

In the automatic lathe configured as described above, machining is normally performed while the workpiece held on the main spindle is guided by a guide bushing and moved forward by the advancement of the main spindle. For processing that does not require a guide bush, remove the guide bush from the guide bush support and attach a guide sleeve to its insertion hole. On the other hand, an adapter with a collector chuck is attached to the tip of the spindle, and a cylindrical sleeve is fixed to the tip of the headstock. As a result, the cylindrical sleeve is guided by the guide sleeve, and the adapter is guided by the cylindrical sleeve, so the adapter attached to the tip of the spindle is prevented from bending, vibration, etc., and the work can be held stably, while the spindle itself High-precision machining of the workpiece is possible without bringing the machine close to the machining position. By reciprocating the main spindle as necessary in this state, desired processing can be performed on the workpiece, and the movement stroke of the main spindle at this time can be made almost the same as when using a guide bush.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the main parts of a moving spindle type automatic lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a case where a guide bush is used. In the same figure, 1
is the bed of the automatic lathe, 2 is the headstock, and 3 is the main spindle. The headstock 2 is held on the bed 1 so as to be movable in the direction of the spindle centerline, and is connected to a feed device (not shown) that moves the headstock 2 in the direction of the spindle centerline. The main shaft 3 has a collector chuck 4A for fixing the workpiece W therein, a chuck sleeve 4B for opening and closing the collector chuck 4A, and an operating sleeve 5. For this purpose, a chuck opening/closing mechanism (not shown) is connected to move the chuck in the axial direction. Furthermore, a cover 6 is provided at the tip of the main shaft 3 and is removable with a bolt for holding the collector chuck 4A at a normal position. Further, a rotation mechanism (not shown) for rotating the main shaft 3 is also connected to the main shaft 3.

A guide bush support 7 is provided in front of the main shaft 3 and fixed to the bed 1. This guide bush support 7 has an insertion hole 7A concentric with the main shaft 3.
A guide bush 8 is removably attached to this insertion hole 7A. The guide bush 8 is an outer cylinder 8A fixed to the guide bush support base 7.
The inner cylinder 8B is rotatable inside the inner cylinder 8B, and the guide part 8C is arranged inside the inner cylinder 8B to slidably guide the workpiece W.

In the automatic lathe having the above structure, the rod-shaped work W to be machined is held through the main shaft 3, guided by the guide portion 8C of the guide bush 8, and protrudes forward thereof. In this state, the main shaft 3 rotates and moves forward in the direction of its center line, so that the workpiece W rotates and moves in front of the guide bush.
Cutting is performed by a cutting blade (not shown) located at a position indicated by symbol X. This machining operation is the same as that of an automatic lathe using a conventional guide bush.

By the way, depending on the shape to be processed, it may be desirable to remove the guide bush 8 and perform the process without the guide bush. In the automatic lathe shown in FIG. 2, if the guide bush 8 is simply removed, the distance between the tip of the main spindle 3 and the machining position X is large, so the work will be deflected greatly.
To prevent this, it is conceivable to move the tip of the spindle 3 to the vicinity of the cutting position X. However, if this is done, the stroke required for the main shaft 3 becomes large, which is not preferable. In this way, the automatic lathe of the present invention does not move the tip of the spindle to the vicinity of the cutting position
This enables processing while preventing the workpiece from bending. FIG. 1 shows the case where machining is performed without a guide bush. Guide bush support stand 7
, remove the guide bush 8 and insert the guide sleeve 1 with a cylindrical inner surface into the insertion hole 7A.
0 is removably attached with a bolt. On the other hand, a cylindrical sleeve 11 is removably attached to the tip of the headstock 2 with bolts. This cylindrical sleeve 11 is slidably inserted into the guide sleeve 10, and an annular passage 12 with a minute interval is formed between the guide sleeve 10 and the cylindrical sleeve 11 on the distal end side, and a seal is formed near the rear end. An O-ring 13 for use is arranged. Cutting oil is supplied to the annular passage 12 through a passage 14 formed in the guide sleeve support 7 and a passage 15 formed in the guide sleeve 10, and the cutting oil is configured to flow forward through the annular passage. ing. This cutting oil discharges chips that have entered the annular passage 12.

An adapter 17 having a cylindrical outer surface is removably attached to the tip of the spindle 3 with a bolt, and the outer surface of the adapter 17 is rotatably held on the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve 11 at the tip of the headstock. This adapter 17 has a collector chuck 18A, a chuck sleeve 18B for opening and closing it, an auxiliary operation sleeve 19 movable in the axial direction, and a cover 20 at the tip, and the tip of the main shaft 3 in the state shown in FIG. It can be easily assembled into the state shown in FIG. 1 by removing the cover 6 from the main shaft, pulling out the collection chuck 4, inserting the auxiliary operation sleeve 19 into its position, and bolting it to the tip of the main shaft.

In the state shown in FIG. 1, the work W is fixed to the collect chuck 18A in the adapter 17 at the tip of the spindle, and a predetermined cutting process is performed by the cutting blade at the position indicated by point X. At this time, since the adapter 17 is guided by the cylindrical sleeve 11 and the guide sleeve 10, deflection of the workpiece is prevented, and in other words, the bending is equivalent to extending the tip of the spindle 3 to the adapter position, allowing accurate machining of the workpiece. becomes possible. In this way, multi-step machining is possible, such as moving the main spindle 3 forward to perform rough cutting of the workpiece, then retracting the main spindle 3, and then moving it forward again to perform finishing machining of the workpiece. Also, during this machining, the cylindrical sleeve 1 attached to the tip of the headstock 2
1 reciprocates with respect to the guide sleeve 10 fixed to the guide bush support 7, so chips tend to enter between the two, but cutting oil flows into the annular passage 1.
2 in the direction of the cutting position, chips do not enter the spindle 3 side and are always discharged onto a chip pan (not shown), thereby avoiding troubles caused by chips.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, the main-spindle moving automatic lathe of the present invention can perform cutting using a guide bush and cutting without a guide bush by removing the guide bush. Moreover, when performing machining without a guide bush, the guide bush is removed, the guide sleeve is fixed in that position, a cylindrical sleeve is attached to the headstock, and an adapter is attached to the tip of the spindle, allowing the workpiece to be cut using the adapter. It can be held close to the position, and there is no need to increase the movement stroke of the main shaft.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the main parts of a moving spindle type automatic lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a case where machining is performed without a guide bush. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a processing state using a guide bush in the above embodiment. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the types of processing. 1... Bed, 2... Headstock, 3... Spindle, 4
A...Collection chuck, 5...Operation sleeve,
7...Guide bush support base, 8...Guide bush, 10...Guide sleeve, 11...Cylindrical sleeve, 17...Adapter, 18A...Collection chuck, 19...Auxiliary operation sleeve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A main spindle equipped with a collect chuck for fixing a workpiece, a headstock that rotatably holds the main spindle and is movable in the direction of the spindle center line, and a guide bush located in front of the main spindle and slidably guides the workpiece. In the automatic lathe, the guide bush is configured to be removable from an insertion hole formed in the guide bush support, and further includes a guide sleeve that is removably attached to the insertion hole after the guide bush is removed, and the headstock. A cylindrical sleeve is detachably attached to the tip and guided by the guide sleeve, and an adapter is rotatably guided by the cylindrical sleeve and detachably fixed to the tip of the spindle. A main-spindle moving automatic lathe characterized by being equipped with a collect chuck.