JP2576956Y2 - Spindle lathe - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle moving type lathe in which a spindle holding a work moves in an axial direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been widely used a spindle moving type lathe in which a spindle is moved in a direction of a spindle central axis while holding a workpiece, and the workpiece is cut by a blade moving in a direction orthogonal to the spindle central axis. It is used. In this spindle moving type lathe, a guide bush is arranged near a processing position in order to process an elongated work with high accuracy, and the guide bush guides the outer periphery of the work before processing to prevent the work from bending.

A turret type turret is generally used as a turret for such a spindle moving type lathe in which a large number of knives are held by a turret and a desired knives are positioned at a processing position by indexing the turret. Is used,
In addition, there is known an opposing comb-shaped tool rest attached to the front surface of a member to which the guide bush is attached and holding a plurality of cutters located on both sides of a main shaft. This opposed comb-shaped tool rest performs indexing and cutting feed of a desired tool by moving the tool in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the main shaft. Compared with the tool post, the indexing of the tool is quick, and the indexing accuracy and the positioning accuracy are good.

[0004]

However, such a conventional spindle moving lathe has the following problems. (1) Since the machining is performed while guiding the work with the guide bush, high-speed cutting may cause galling or seizure between the work and the guide bush, and high-speed cutting cannot be performed.

[0005] (2) Since the work once processed on the outer peripheral surface cannot be guided by the guide bush, rough work of the work is performed while moving the work forward, and then the work is retracted to the original position, and then advanced again to finish the work. It is not possible to perform two-stage processing such as performing.

(3) As a work, only an abrasive whose surface has been processed to such an extent that it can be guided by a guide bush can be used, and a drawn material cannot be used. (4) Since there is a guide bush, the distance between the tip of the spindle and the processing position of the work is large, so that the remaining material that cannot be processed becomes as long as 150 to 200 mm.

To solve these problems, it is considered that the guide bush may be omitted. However, if the guide bush is simply omitted, even when the headstock is at the most advanced position, machining of the spindle tip and the work is performed. The distance from the position is large,
For this reason, the workpiece is bent and good processing cannot be performed. In particular, when the opposed comb-type tool post is used, the headstock cannot be advanced too much due to space constraints, and the distance between the spindle tip and the processing position of the work becomes large, hindering good processing. The disadvantage of doing so is greater.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and it is possible to perform high-speed cutting, two-step cutting, and the like according to a work, use a drawn material as a work, and further reduce the remaining material length. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spindle moving type lathe provided with an opposed comb-shaped tool rest.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, when the work diameter is about 17 mmφ, the processing length is often about 35 to 40 mm at most.
If the processing length is relatively short in this way, fixing the base of the processed part with the tip of the spindle will prevent the work from sagging even if the work tip is processed without using the guide bush. For this reason, it has been found that if the tip of the spindle can be advanced to the vicinity of the machining position, the workpiece can be machined without using a guide bush.

The present invention has been made based on such knowledge, and comprises a spindle provided with a collet chuck for fixing and holding a work at a tip, a headstock rotatably holding the spindle,
A bed provided with a first guide member for holding the headstock so as to be movable in the direction of the center axis of the spindle , wherein the bed is disposed near the tip of the spindle held by the first guide member and perpendicular to the center axis of the spindle. A bed having a wall portion and a second guide member formed on the front surface thereof, and an opposed comb-shaped tool rest attached to the second guide member of the bed and positioning a plurality of blades on both sides of the main shaft. The bed portion of the bed is the main shaft
Has a hole to penetrate in a non-contact state, the spindle , when the headstock is at the most advanced position with respect to the bed, the tip of the spindle extends forward through the hole,
The working position of the tool held by the opposed comb-shaped tool rest can be close to 10 mm or less.
The headstock extends longer than the tip of the headstock, and
In addition to covering the outer periphery of the spindle tip,
The gist of the present invention is a spindle-movable lathe in which a sleeve for protecting the spindle is provided so as to close the lathe.

[0011]

In the spindle moving type lathe having the above structure, the spindle holding the work moves in the direction of the center axis (Z-axis direction), moves the work in the direction of the axis, and moves X in a plane perpendicular to the axis. Machining is performed by the tool of the opposed comb-shaped tool rest that moves in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction. At this time, since the spindle tip can be advanced to the vicinity of the machining position by the tool of the comb-type tool rest, the workpiece can be held such that only the portion to be machined of the workpiece projects from the spindle tip. Therefore, the distance from the tip of the spindle to which the work is fixed to the processing position of the work can be shortened, and the work can be performed without causing the work to bend. In addition, since the guide bush is not used, there is no limitation by the guide bush, and high-speed cutting, two-step cutting, and the like can be performed. Further, there is no limitation on the material of the work, and for example, a drawn material can be used. In addition, since a collet chuck for fixing and holding the work is provided at the tip of the main spindle, and the work can be processed up to the vicinity of the collet chuck, the remaining material length can be extremely reduced.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of a movable spindle lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the movable spindle lathe. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a work, and 2 denotes a main shaft that holds and rotates the work, and has a collet chuck 3 that fixes and holds the work 1 at its tip. An operating mechanism (not shown) for opening and closing the collet chuck 3 is provided at the rear end of the main shaft 2. Reference numeral 5 denotes a headstock that rotatably holds the main shaft 2, and a bearing 6 that rotatably holds the main shaft 2 is provided at a tip end thereof. The spindle holding position by the bearing 6 is a position far away from the tip of the spindle,
In other words, the main shaft 2 largely extends forward from the bearing 6. The extended length will be described later.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a built-in motor for driving the main shaft 2 to rotate. Note that an external motor may be provided instead of the built-in motor 7, and the main shaft 2 may be rotationally driven by a gear or a belt.

A bed 10 has a first guide member (not shown) which holds the headstock 5 so as to be movable in the direction of the center axis of the spindle 2 (Z-axis direction). Reference numeral 12 denotes a nut member fixed to the headstock 5, and reference numeral 13 denotes a screw shaft that meshes with the nut member 12, and is drivingly connected to a servo motor (not shown). The servomotor, the screw shaft 13, the nut member 12, and the like constitute a Z-axis drive mechanism for reciprocating the headstock 5 in the Z-axis direction. The bed 10 has a vertical wall 10a on the front surface thereof, and a hole through which the main shaft 2 passes is formed in the wall 10a. A sleeve 15 for protecting the spindle is fixed to this hole, and the spindle 2 moves within the sleeve 15. This sleeve 1
5 is a bed 1 for cutting chips, cutting oil, etc. generated during cutting.
0, and in particular, into the bearing portion 6 is prevented.

Reference numeral 17 denotes an opposed comb-shaped tool rest provided on the front surface of the vertical wall 10a of the bed 10, and is provided on the wall 10a at right angles to the main axis and in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction). An X-axis slide 18 held by a second guide member (not shown), a screw shaft 19 for driving the slide 18 in the X-axis direction, a nut member 20, a servomotor (not shown), and the like. A shaft drive mechanism, a Y-axis slide 22 held at a right angle to the main shaft axis and movably in a vertical direction (Y-axis direction) on the X-axis slide 18, and the Y-axis slide 22
, A Y-axis driving mechanism having a screw shaft 23 for driving the motor in the Y-axis direction, a nut member, a servomotor (both not shown), and the like. A vertically elongated opening 25 is formed in the Y-axis slide 22 when viewed from the front, and a plurality of blades 27 are fixed on both sides thereof so as to face each other and in a comb blade shape by a blade fixing member 28. I have. An opening 26 is also formed in the X-axis slide 18. The size of the openings 25 and 26 allows the sleeve 15 for protecting the outer periphery of the main shaft 2 to pass therethrough, and allows the sleeve 15 to move even when the X-axis slide 18 and the Y-axis slide 22 are moved. It is set as small as possible without interfering.

As can be clearly understood from FIG. 1, the spindle 2 has a comb-shaped tool rest 1 whose tip is opposed to the head 10 when the headstock 5 is at the most advanced position (position shown) with respect to the bed 10.
It is configured to extend beyond the tip of the headstock so as to be located at a position close to the processing position by the blade 27 held by the cutter 7. Here, the position closest to the processing position is a position where the distance between the end face of the blade 27 and the tip of the spindle (tip of the collet chuck 3) is about 10 mm or less, preferably about 1 to 3 mm, more preferably 2 mm.
It is a position where it becomes a degree.

According to the spindle moving type lathe having the above-described configuration, the workpiece 1 is moved in the axial direction by the movement of the spindle 2 holding the workpiece 1 in the Z-axis direction. Machining is performed by a blade 27 that moves in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction. Here, since the tip of the main spindle 2 can be advanced to a position near the processing position of the blade 27, when holding the work 1 on the main spindle 2, the length of the main spindle 2 is set to the length of the part to be processed at the front end of the work. It is sufficient that only the portion having the length obtained by adding the distance between the end surface of the blade 27 and the tip of the spindle when the blade is advanced most protrudes from the tip of the spindle 2. In general, the work length of the work is not so long, and thus, when the work is mounted in this manner, the amount of protrusion of the work from the tip of the spindle is not so large. For example, the diameter is 17mmφ,
In the case of processing a work having a processing length of 35 mm, the amount of protrusion of the work from the tip of the main spindle is 37 mm including the distance of 2 mm when the distance between the blade end face and the tip of the main spindle is 2 mm.
It is about mm. As described above, the amount of protrusion of the work from the tip of the spindle 2 holding the work 1 fixed is small, so that the work does not bend even if ordinary cutting is performed on the work projecting from the tip of the spindle 2. Thereby, the processing can be performed without causing the workpiece 1 to bend without using the guide bush.

As described above, the spindle moving lathe of the illustrated embodiment does not use the guide bush, so there is no limitation by the guide bush, and cutting conditions suitable for the work can be taken. It is possible to perform two-stage cutting such as roughing and finishing. Also,
Since the processing can be performed up to the vicinity of the chuck of the main spindle, the remaining material length can be extremely short, for example, about 30 mm, which is necessary for gripping by the collet chuck 3. Further, there is no limitation on the material of the work, and for example, a drawn material can be used. Further, when the processing length of the work is particularly short and the amount of protrusion of the work from the main shaft is small, the bending of the work hardly occurs, and thus strong cutting is possible. When the processing length of the work is long (for example, when it exceeds 40 mm), when processing the tip, the distance between the processing position and the collet chuck 3 becomes large (for example, the processing length is 40 m).
In the case of m, it becomes 42 mm or more by adding the distance of about 2 mm between the tip of the spindle and the end face of the blade at the most advanced position), which may cause the workpiece 1 to bend. In that case, it is necessary to change the cutting conditions such as the cutting speed and the cutting depth, which is subject to restrictions, so the above-mentioned main spindle moving lathe is suitable for processing a short area on a work. It is.

The index of the blade 27 for processing the work 1 is as follows.
This is performed by moving the Y- axis slide 22 in the Y-axis direction. For this reason, compared with the turret type turret that performs indexing by rotation of the turret, there is an advantage that the indexing of the blade is quick, and the indexing accuracy and the positioning accuracy are good. Further, an opening 25 formed in the opposed comb-shaped tool post 17,
The opening 26 and 26 can be made small because 26 does not allow the tip of the headstock 5 to be inserted, but only needs to penetrate the main shaft 2 and the sleeve 15 that protects the main shaft 2. For this reason, there is obtained an advantage that the blade-shaped tool rest 17 can be reduced in size to face each other, and the amount of movement of each of the slides 18 and 22 during processing can be reduced.

[0020]

[Effect of the Invention] As described above, the spindle moving lathe of the present invention has the following effects. (1) High-speed cutting, two-step cutting, etc., are possible according to the work. (2) The work material is not limited, and for example, a drawn material can be used. (3) The remaining material length can be shortened. (4) Since the opposed comb-shaped tool rest is used, indexing of the tool is quick, and indexing accuracy and positioning accuracy are good.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a main part of a moving spindle lathe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the main spindle moving type lathe.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work 2 Main shaft 3 Collet chuck 5 Headstock 6 Bearing part 10 Bed 15 Sleeve 17 Opposed comb-shaped turret 18 X-axis slide 22 Y-axis slide 25, 26 Opening 27 Cutting tool 28 Cutting tool fixing member

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23B 19/02 B23B 3/06 B23Q 11/08 B23B 7/06

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A spindle having a collet chuck for fixing and holding a work at a tip, a headstock rotatably holding the spindle, and a first head holding the headstock movably in a central axis direction of the spindle. A bed provided with a guide member , the bed being formed near a spindle head end of a headstock held by the first guide member, at a right angle to a spindle central axis, and at a front surface thereof. > bed and a second guide member, attached to the second guide member of said bed, and a counter gang-type tool rest to position the plurality of blades on each side of the spindle, the wall portion of the bed
The spindle has a hole that penetrates the spindle in a non-contact state, and the spindle has a spindle tip that extends forward through the hole when the headstock is at the most advanced position with respect to the bed.
However, to be close to 10mm or less with respect to the processing position by the tool held in the opposite gang-type tool rest
To extend beyond the end of the headstock ,
The hole covers the outer periphery of the tip of the spindle and has a contact with the outer surface of the spindle.
A spindle protection sleeve is provided to close the gap.
Spindle moving lathe, characterized in that that.