JPH0339915A - Endoscope objective - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the objective which has its distortion removed sufficiently and is uniform in the brightness of an image from the center to the periphery by providing a 1st group which has negative refracting power and a 2nd group which has positive refracting power and making the 1st group satisfy specific conditions. CONSTITUTION:The objective consists of the 1st group with the negative refracting power and the 2nd group with the positive refracting power; and the 1st group has one concave surface which satisfies an expression I and faces the image side and one surface is an aspherical surface which satisfies an expression II as to >=50% of effective area determined by luminous flux of maximum image height. Here, R1 is the radius of curvature of the concave surface, (f) the focal length of the whole system, w1 and w0.5 visual field angles at image height I and image height a half as large as the maximum image height, and K1 and K0.5 values of K corresponding to the image height I and the image height a half as large as the maximum image height when K=sintheta2/tantheta (theta1: angle of light incident on the aspherical surface closest to the object side from the object side to the optical axis, theta2: angle of light right after the main light beam is refracted by the aspherical surface closest to the image side to the optical axis). Consequently, the distortion is corrected and the loss of the quantity of light is small at the periphery of the image plane.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an endoscope objective lens in which various aberrations, particularly distortion, are well corrected.

[Prior Art] A retrofocus type objective lens as shown in FIG. 70 is known as a conventional endoscope objective lens.

This type of endoscope objective lens can be used not only for direct viewing as shown in Fig. 70, but also for side viewing, strabismus, etc. by placing a viewing direction converting prism between lens n1.1 and (4°). It is used in various ways. For example, the 71st
Figure (Al is the objective lens of a fiberscope in which a side-viewing prism is installed between the lens detail and L2, and the last lens is connected to the input end surface of the image guide fiber bundle. This shows the optical system.

Further, Fig. 4.71 fB+ shows an objective optical system of a videoscope in which an objective lens having a lens L1 and a prism for squinting arranged therebetween is provided in front of a solid-state image sensor. Furthermore, FIG. 71(C) shows an objective lens of a rigid scope in which an objective lens with a backward viewing prism is provided in front of the relay lens H between the lens groups L1 and 1-.

The optical systems shown in these figures require a telecentric optical system, unlike camera lens systems and the like. The reason for this is that if the image guide fiber bundle does not allow light to enter the incident plane perpendicularly, the amount of transmitted light will decrease. Furthermore, in solid-state image sensors, the amount of light decreases due to reflection on the light-receiving surface, and also causes deterioration in image quality such as the generation of color-shape ink. Furthermore, in a rigid scope, since the relay lens is 1x and the entrance pupil position is at infinity, vignetting will occur unless it is a telecentric system.

This retrofocus type objective lens has a negative refractive power on the object side across the aperture stop S.
A lens group 14□ having a positive composite refractive power is also arranged on the image side. The lens group L2 has a negative effect of widening the viewing angle, and the lens group L2 has an image forming effect. Regardless, it is a telecentric optical system in which the principal light beam P enters the image plane perpendicularly.

Endoscope objective lenses require telecentric characteristics when an image guide made of an optical fiber bundle, a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD, and a relay lens whose entrance pupil is at infinity are placed on the image plane. This is because there is a limit to the angle at which light rays can be incident, and if the light rays are incident at an angle to the image plane, the transmission efficiency will drop and the image will become dark.

Furthermore, although the endoscope objective lens having the above configuration has a large viewing angle, it is compact with the lens outer diameter of the lens group + and La being almost equal to that of the image guide.
Moreover, since the number of lenses is small, assembly is easy and the cost is low even though the lens actually has a diameter of tLnra.

The objective lens shown in FIG. 72 is another conventional example,
It is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-226315.

This retrofocus type objective lens has pupil position S.
This is a lens system in which a lens 141 having a negative refractive power is placed on the object side, and lenses L2' and L-' having a positive refractive power are placed on the image side, similar to the objective lens shown in FIG. It is the composition.

When the objective lens shown in FIG. 72 is combined with the relay lens as shown in FIG. 73, the aerial image O6 formed by the objective lens is 0.0. ．． 0. ．． 0. At the same time, the position of the pupils, which determines the brightness, is also transmitted. Then, an eyepiece lens OC is placed behind the aerial image 04, so that the above aerial image can be observed in an enlarged manner. The pupil position is S in the objective lens.
However, in a relay system, it corresponds to S,,S,,S3, and in most cases, the outer diameter of the relay system and 1ils,,S,,
The diameters of S and S are equal, so the brightness is approximately determined by the outer diameter of the relay system, and there is no need to provide an aperture stop with a light shielding effect at the pupil position S of the objective lens.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The endoscope objective lens shown in FIGS. 70 and 72 has an inclination θ with respect to the optical axis of the principal ray P that enters the lens 141 located closer to the object side than the aperture stop S. and the inclination θ゛ with respect to the optical axis of the principal ray P that emerges from the lens L+ and enters the lens L2 located on the image side of the aperture stop S.

It can be seen that it is very small. This is also clear from the fact that the lens L has a negative refractive effect that widens the viewing angle.

In a lens system having such characteristics, it is generally known that the following relationship exists between the lens group having a small θ' or L2° and aberration. In other words, when looking at Seidel's aberrations, curvature of field, astigmatism, and distortion aberration occur in small amounts with respect to the subject, while spherical aberration and coma aberration are relatively large.

This relationship is as shown in FIG. Therefore, the lens group L2 or L2° having positive refractive power only needs to correct spherical aberration and coma aberration when the pupil S between it and the lens group L2 or L2° is corrected. The sine condition is known as a condition for this. In FIG. 76, the sine conditions are: image height 1, focal length f2 of the second group L2 having positive refractive power, principal light #!
Assuming that the inclination angle of P with respect to the optical axis is θ°, in the case of a telecentric optical system in which the principal light IIP is perpendicularly incident on the image plane of the image height, it can be expressed by the following equation.

I=fzsinθ.

Also, regarding the first lens group L, when one general spherical lens is used as shown in Fig. 76, the sine condition does not break much in front of the aperture stop. Assuming that the focal length is f and the inclination of the principal light mp entering the first group with respect to the optical axis is θ, the following equation approximately holds true.

i = f sin θ Due to constraints on the outer diameter of the lens and the number of lenses, most of the objective lenses of endoscopes currently in use have a configuration as shown in Figure 76, which almost satisfies the above sine condition. It is.

When the above sine condition is satisfied, distortion tends to increase rapidly as the viewing angle θ increases, and the relationship can be expressed by the following equation.

Mouth T(θ) = (cosθ −11xtoo(%)
However, DT is the size of the image deformed due to distortion, y
, if the size of the ideal image by paraxial calculation is yo, it is given by the following formula.

DT= (y-ya)/yo x 10ro (
%) When the above sine condition and the relationship between distortion aberration DTfθ) and θ hold, in the case of a normal endoscope objective lens, the viewing angle θ
As , negative distortion aberration (bridge distortion aberration) increases rapidly.

For example, the conventional endoscope objective lens shown in FIG. 72 almost satisfies the sine condition as shown below.

=0.898 Also, the distortion aberration of the above objective lens is -30 when θ=45°
%, and the value when satisfying the sine condition (cos45°−
1) Almost coincides with x 100 = -29.3%.

Here, an objective lens that almost satisfies the relationship I = f sin θ is called an I = f sin θ type objective lens, and in this type of objective lens, the value of DT (θ) when θ is changed is is as follows.

Viewing angle 2θ 40” 60” 80” 100@
120@140" Distortion aberration DT (θl -6-13,5
-23-36-50-66 (Figures 78 and 79 show how the image due to distortion aberration actually looks.
It is a diagram. This figure shows a vertical and horizontal lattice pattern arranged at equal intervals on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis at maximum image height and DT of 0%.
This is an image taken with the above objective lens of 0%.

As described above, conventional endoscope objective lenses are wide-angle, telecentric, have well-corrected aberrations, and satisfy the sine condition in order to be compact. Distortion is large.

In an endoscope objective lens where distortion aberration occurs, peripheral images are smaller than the central image and appear distorted.

Therefore, when an objective lens with such distortion is used for inspecting or observing objects in the industrial field, for example, shape measurement and analysis cannot be performed accurately, and also in the medical field, misdiagnosis may occur due to the same reason. It may lead to

Further, in a wide-angle camera lens with little distortion, for example, as shown in FIG. 77, the following equation holds true.

1 = f tan θ In this type of objective lens, as the value of θ increases, the amount of light on the image plane decreases at a rate of cos' θ.

Therefore, it is unsuitable as a wide-angle endoscope objective lens. Furthermore, since the lens closest to the object side is larger than the other lenses, it is not suitable for an endoscope objective lens with large restrictions on the outer diameter. On the other hand, conventional endoscopes have a large negative distortion, so the brightness decreases at the rate of cos'θ, which cancels out I = f s
In the case of inθ, even if θ increases, the brightness is uniform from the center to the periphery.

Therefore, many endoscope objective lenses that satisfy the sine condition have the excellent feature that the brightness of the image is uniform from the center to the periphery. However, it is not preferable for the reasons mentioned above because of the large distortion aberration).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope objective lens that has a large viewing angle, sufficiently eliminates distortion, and has uniform image brightness from the center to the periphery.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the endoscope objective lens of the present invention is configured as follows.

For example, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the image consists of a first P3 having a negative refractive power and a second group having a positive refractive power in order from the object side, and the first group satisfies the following condition (1). It has one concave surface facing toward the side, and one surface is an aspherical surface 'C that satisfies the following condition (2) for 50% or more of the effective area determined by the light beam at the maximum image height. Endoscope objective lens.

+111R, l≦3f (2) l (K+-Ko, sl/Ko61< IC
O8ω+-CO3lalo, s where R8 is the radius of curvature of the concave surface, f is the focal length of the entire system, and ω1. ωo5 is the image height [and the viewing angle at the image height of the station with the maximum image height, K+
, Ko, and s are each = sinθx / t a nθ1
(O1 is the angle between the optical axis of the principal ray that enters the aspherical surface closest to the object side from the object side, and O2 is the angle between the optical axis of the ray immediately after the principal ray is refracted by the aspherical surface closest to the image side. It is (direct) of K at an image height of 1 and % of the maximum image height when the angle formed by
a'b eight beasts? Let's say it's Ayu Biki no B of 2I proboscis to Ding.

In condition (1), if lR41 deviates from the condition and becomes large, the number of surfaces with negative refractive power in the first group must be increased in order to obtain a large viewing angle, as in an endoscope. It is difficult to install it in a small space whose size is several 1 in terms of assembly work.

Furthermore, the objective lens of the present invention includes, among the lenses of the first group,
At least one surface covers the effective area of the lens surface determined by the light beam at the maximum image height, that is, the area including all the light beams that reach the point of the maximum image height on this lens surface, such as the surface ES shown in FIG. It is characterized in that 50% or more of the area satisfies the above condition (2).

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the objective lens of the present invention has the following features:
In the optical system shown in FIG. 1, approximately the following equation Hllii
) at the same time.

I=fzsinθ, (i) I=f tanθ, fii
) However, f2 is the focal length of the second group.

As mentioned in the explanation of the conventional example, the formula fil is
When the angle θ is relatively small, this is a necessary condition for properly correcting spherical aberration, coma, etc., and is satisfied in a lens system having a positive refractive power in the second group.

In an optical system in which equation (1) holds, the brightness is uniform from the center to the periphery of the image regardless of the increase in O3.

Equation (11) holds for an optical system without distortion.

The objective lens of the present invention satisfies I=f2sinθ in equation (1), which is the sine condition for the second group at the first detail on the object side of the pupil position S, without destroying I=f2sinθ.
By converting to tan θ1, distortion is removed while spherical aberration and coma aberration are well corrected, and an image with uniform brightness from the center to the periphery is obtained.

In order for the first group to have the above-mentioned conversion effect, it is necessary to use an aspheric surface in a lens such as an endoscope objective lens where there are large restrictions on the outer diameter of the lens and the number of lenses.

Next, the aspherical lens used for the above purpose will be described.

In Fig. 1, if we pay attention to the chief ray P at a certain image height, I and θ on the object side from the aspherical surface Asp are expressed by the above equation 1i.
i) must be satisfied. On the other hand, the relationship between I and 02 immediately after ejecting the aspherical surface Asp is as follows, since the second group almost satisfies the sine condition as described above.

ICCs1nθ2 (In order to remove distortion aberration not only at a certain image height but also over the entire image from the center to the periphery, the above formulas (il and (iil) must hold regardless of the image height. In other words, the above formula fit (the following formula) is derived from (i), and in order to eliminate distortion regardless of the image height, the following formula (K of interest must be constant) is necessary.

f tan θ, CCBin θ2 sin θ, /lan θ, =K (it) The distortion is constant within the viewing angle or image height range where the above formula is subsatisfied.

Here, a case where the value of K changes will be described.

Figure 2: Chief ray P and aspherical surface A shown in (Al, (Bl)
In relation to sp, Figure 2 (Al is an aspherical surface with a large value of K, Figure 2 [Bl is an aspherical surface with a small value of K, and the angle θ2 is equal to (Al and (B)). FIG.

In FIG. 2, assuming that the principal ray P has an arbitrary image height, positive distortion occurs in portions where the value of K increases from the center to the periphery of the image. In addition, negative distortion occurs in the portion where the value of is small. In other words, distortion occurs positively in a portion where the value of K is large, and negatively in a portion where the value of K is small. To summarize this relationship, we have the following (a), (
b), fc)id), and these (a)
, (bl, (cl - (d)), respectively, are shown in Figure 3 (Al, (B)).

(C)　　　　　　as per the DJ.

(a) Ko > Ko, s >.

ib) K,<K,, g<XI (CI Ko<to., s>K 1(dl K
o > Ko, < K I here K. is the image near the optical axis,
Ka and s are percentages of the maximum image height, and K1 is the value of K determined from the above equation (~) at the maximum image height.

Now, when the case of the conventional endoscope objective lens shown in FIGS. 70 and 72 is applied to FIG. 1, the following formula IV), 1w1l, approximately holds true as described above.

I: f sin θl1v) I=fzsin θ, fvt) Furthermore, when distortion is removed regardless of the image height, the following equations (iil, (il) should hold true as described above.

r = f tanθ, (filI = f
asinθ3(i) As stated before, from equation (V) 1 equation (@), '=s
inθ3/sinθ, and the formula (iil, (from I=si
nθ5atanθ.

When expressed as the ratio of K and K of the conventional optical system and K of the optical system with distortion aberration removed, we get:
sinθ, /lanθl: cO3θl.

In other words, in the case of a conventional endoscope objective lens, the value of K is cos
It is changing at a rate of t. Therefore, if the value of K of the image near the optical axis is set to 0, the value of K when the viewing angle is θ1 can be expressed as in the following (vi).

KoXcosθ, (vii) That is,
In order to reduce the distortion aberration from the center of the image to the periphery, it is necessary to satisfy the following relationship when the values of K at the center of the image and the maximum image height are respectively .

IfK+-Ko)/kol<1cosω+-where ω is the viewing angle at the maximum image height.

However, in an objective lens that satisfies the sine condition, distortion tends to increase rapidly toward the periphery of the image. This is clear from the aberration curve diagram of the conventional optical system shown in FIG. 73 (FIG. 74) and FIG. 79. Therefore, it can be said that image distortion due to distortion aberration is sufficiently small at an image height approximately at the maximum image height from the center of the image. Therefore, the effect of reducing distortion is large from the center of the maximum image height to the periphery, and it is important to correct distortion in this range.

Considering the above, in order to sufficiently correct distortion aberration, it is necessary to satisfy the above-mentioned condition (2). If this condition (2) is not satisfied, the distortion aberration will not be removed sufficiently (the drawbacks mentioned in the explanation of the conventional example will occur).

In addition, in order to effectively eliminate distortion throughout the maintenance process, it is necessary to minimize the effective area of the lens surface determined by the light beam at the maximum image height in the aspherical lens arranged to satisfy the above condition (2). In other words, condition (2) must be satisfied for 50% or more. If less than 50% is satisfied, the area from which distortion has been removed is small, which is undesirable.

In the endoscope objective lens of the present invention, the maximum image height of the image formed by the objective lens is Imax, the maximum ray height at the first surface of the lens system determined by the maximum image height,
Therefore, it is desirable to satisfy the following condition (3).

(31b+/I max≦2 FIG. 4(A), fil is a cross-sectional view when the endoscope objective lens of the present invention is used in an endoscope for observation using a roof prism.

As can be seen from these figures, the outer diameter of an endoscope is limited, and therefore the outer diameter of the lens placed at its tip is also severely limited. In addition, it is necessary to provide some margin between the outer diameter of the lens and the height of the ray of light that passes through the lens surface. If there is not this margin or the ray of light does not pass through, it is necessary to avoid reducing the amount of light around the image. It can also cause harm.

The above condition (3) defines the relationship between the maximum image height and the first element of the lens system in consideration of the above points.

If this condition (3) is not met, if L is large, the above-mentioned problem will occur, and if I nax is small, the obtained image will be small and it will be difficult to observe a bright and good image. Become.

Furthermore, in the endoscope objective lens of the present invention, when Rwin is the radius of curvature of the surface with the smallest radius of curvature among the concave surfaces including the aspherical surface when viewed from the image side of the first group, and the focal length of the second group is f2, It is desirable to satisfy the following conditions (41, (5)).

(4) f≦h≦1Of f51 l Rm1n15 f, 5f Condition (4) is
This defines the positive refractive power of the second group.

As mentioned above, in the objective lens of the endoscope, formula (1) holds regarding the focal path [z of the second group, and in this case, [2 is the condition (
4) If it becomes smaller than the lower limit, 82 becomes large, assuming that ■ is constant. As shown in Figure 4, if a gap is required between the first group and the second group to install the field conversion prism, the angle of the off-axis rays with respect to the optical axis in this gap becomes large, and the first group This is not preferable because the height of the light ray becomes high and it becomes difficult to satisfy condition (3).

Further, when ft increases beyond the upper limit of condition (4), θ2 becomes a small value when ■ is constant. If an attempt is made to widen the viewing angle of the entire system, the negative refractive power of the first group will have to be strengthened, and aberration correction and eccentric adjustment during assembly will become difficult, which is not preferable.

When the value of the focal path 11ft of the second group is set in this way,
In order to widen the viewing angle, it is necessary to make the negative refractive power of the first group relatively large. However, in the configuration shown in FIG. 4, it is difficult to arrange a plurality of lenses having negative refractive power in the first group. Therefore, the concave surface having negative refractive power in the first group needs to satisfy condition (5) in order to widen the viewing angle. If this condition (5) is not satisfied, it becomes difficult to widen the viewing angle.

In addition, in the objective lens of the present invention, when the 1nth aspherical surface that satisfies the above-mentioned condition (2) is a surface facing the object side, the shape is such that the maximum image height I max tf) Et rays are aspherical. When the angle between the aspherical surface at the point of intersection and the plane perpendicular to the optical axis is α, the following condition (
6) is preferably satisfied.

(6) 0≦tanα≦tanω Note that the sign of the above α is positive when the surface is tilted toward the image side, as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5, the following equation holds true from Snell's law regarding the light incident on the above-mentioned intersection.

sin (θ, -α) = n sin (θ2 - α) where n
is the refractive index of the aspherical lens, and the object side from the aspherical surface is air.

The above formula can be expanded as follows.

sinθ, -COSθ1janff =n sinθg
-ncO8θ5tanα(ixl where tana represents the angle between the aspherical surface and the plane perpendicular to the optical axis at the above intersection point, and can be expressed by the following equation IXI from the above equation (ix).

tana= (n sinθ, -5inθl)/(nC
O8θt-cosθ1) (x) Bunmu (ivl no ni = si
The following equation is obtained from nθ and /lanθ1.

sinθ,=Ktanθ.

cos θ, = mσ stone π “[Substituting this into the above equation (Xl) yields the following equation (xil.

tana=(nKtanθ+-8inθ+)/in
-tanat-cosθI)xil From this equation, it can be seen that as the value of K increases, tana increases. That is, as K increases, the inclination α of the aspherical surface toward the image side increases, and conversely, as K decreases, the inclination α decreases.

Furthermore, when tana becomes 0, the inclination at the aspherical intersection point is perpendicular to the optical axis, and at that time +Ko,s
An aspherical lens that satisfies condition (2) is shown in Figure 6 (A).
The shape will be as shown in . Further, when tana<0, the shape of the aspherical surface becomes such that the curvature of the concave surface becomes stronger as viewed from the object side, which is undesirable since it becomes difficult to correct aberrations.

Furthermore, tana=tanω1 indicates that the incident light ray is incident perpendicularly to the aspherical surface at the above-mentioned intersection point, and is not refracted by the aspherical surface but travels straight. At this time, if +-Ko, s satisfies condition (2), the aspherical lens will have the shape shown in Figure 6 (Bl. Also, tana > ta
When nω, the shape of the aspherical surface becomes more convex as seen from the object side as it moves away from the optical axis, and the light ray refracted by the aspherical surface has a large angle with respect to the optical axis.
In order to make the light incident on the second group sufficiently small, it is necessary to
By reducing the absolute value of the curvature of the concave surface facing the image side of the group,
The number of lenses with negative refractive power in the first group must be increased, which is undesirable in terms of aberration correction and assembly.

Therefore, tana preferably satisfies condition (6).

In the objective lens of the present invention, when the shape of the aspherical surface satisfying the above condition (2) used in the first group is expressed by the following formula, a high-order aspherical coefficient E that is greater than or equal to the aspherical coefficient of four lenses ,F
, G, H, ..., if the aspherical surface faces the object side, at least one of them is positive, or if the aspherical surface faces the image side, at least one of them is positive. It is desirable that at least one of the six conditions, at least one of which is negative, be satisfied.

x = Cy2/ (1+ q l + Ey'+F
y6+Gy”+...However, for x and y, the optical axis is X, the direction of the image is positive, and the origin is the intersection of the text and the optical axis.
The value of the coordinate where y is the direction perpendicular to the axis, C is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature of the circle that touches this aspherical surface near the optical axis, EF, G
, . . . are 4th-order, 6th-order, 8th-order 5, . . . aspheric coefficients, respectively. This is the 18th order aspherical coefficient. Therefore, the aspherical coefficients E, F, G,...L.

... are all 0, the above equation represents a spherical surface.

The shape of the aspheric surface used in the objective lens of the present invention may satisfy the condition (2) mentioned above, and the aspheric coefficients E, F, G, etc. that satisfy this condition may have various values. However, the positive and negative values must satisfy the conditions described above.

Further, in the objective lens of the present invention, when a prism or mirror for lateral observation is arranged between the first group and the second group to change the viewing direction by bending the optical axis, the following condition (8) is satisfied.
It is preferable to satisfy the following.

(8) 2≦d/Imax≦8 However, d is the distance between the first group and the second group.

If the lower limit of condition (8) is exceeded and the value of d becomes small, it will not be possible to secure the space for arranging the prisms and mirrors, and if the upper limit of condition (8) is exceeded and the value of d becomes large, the first
As the distance between the lens group and the second lens group increases, it becomes difficult to properly correct aberrations.

By changing the shape of the prism, objective lenses with various viewing directions can be constructed. Figure 71 (Al,
(Bl, fc) shows an example of the above-mentioned prism, and each reflecting surface is a reverse slope provided with total reflection or a metal film coating, and reflects an effective light beam. Note that in FIG. 71 (S in C1 is a diaphragm, which is fixed to the prism.

Furthermore, it is difficult to form a 1-piece lens whose surfaces included in the first group are aspherical by polishing.

Therefore, an aspherical lens is manufactured by molding or cutting. In this case, it is preferable that the aspherical lens has a shape that is relatively easy to manufacture. Therefore, the aspherical surface is preferably an object-side surface with a relatively large radius of curvature, as shown in FIG. From the standpoint of manufacturing the aspherical lens, it is preferable to configure the first group with a lens having a negative refractive power cemented near or at the image side surface.

In addition, when the first group is configured as described above, by appropriately selecting the refractive index and dispersion of the plurality of lenses arranged close to each other or cemented together, it is possible to eliminate not only chromatic aberration but also other factors. This is effective in satisfactorily eliminating aberrations.

The material of the aspherical lens mentioned above may be glass, plastic, optical crystal such as sapphire, etc. Considering the production cost and resistance to temperature, humidity, and chemicals, glass with a relatively low melting point is preferable. It is desirable to form an aspherical lens by molding.

[Example] Next, examples of the objective lens for an endoscope according to the present invention will be shown.

Example ■ f = 1.000 F15.163 2 (,1 = 67.31" ■ H = 0.68 Object distance = -8,8496 r, = ■ d, = 0.0885 n, = 1.76900 ν1 = 64.15 rt= ■ d, = 0.0590 r, = 4.8365 (aspherical surface) da"0.3835 nyo = 1.78472 ν2 = 25.71 r4 = ω d, = 0.1180 fi, = 1.58144 =40.75 rs"0.3540 d, = 0.2360 r, = (1) d, = 0.7563 Q4 = 1.80610 ν4 = 40 5 r7 = cx) (aperture) d, = 2.0048 rs = -1,2746 d, = 0.0885 r9 = 2.4460 d9 = 0.885O rto = -0,9310 d, . = 0.2950 rz = -4,0838 d, = 0.8348 ns = 1.80610 n6 = 1.60311 Q, = 1.84666 = 40.95 ,,.60.70 = 23.88 "1□: -0,8024 d, z = 0.295On- = 1.58144
v-=40.75r1. = ■ d, 3 = 0.6785 n, = 1.60311
v, =60.70L7z =-1,1749 Aspheric coefficient E=0.22613. F=-0, 16693Ps IR,
=0.354, ΔK =0.037fK+-
Ko, sl/Ka, sl20.061.1cosω+
-cosω. 5 giant 0.119hl/Imax =0.
677, lRminl=0.354, f,=1
．． 8[12tanα=0.1485. tanω,
=0.666 Example 2 f = 1.000, F/6.0811 H=
0.6686, object distance = r = ■ d, = 0.2305 n, = 1.76900
"2=■ dz=0.1153 r3 = 2.1028 (aspherical surface) ds=0.2882 1.: 1.80610r4
:o, 4496 d, = 0.2305 r, = (1) d, = 0.7927 Q, = 1.8061°r, = oo (aperture) do = 2.2044 14 = 1.8061Or, =
-1,2922 d7=0.1729 ra=2.8519 ds=1.0663 n5=1.603112 ω
= 69.97' -17,2911 =64.15 = 40.95 = 40.95 =40.95 =60.70 re=-1,0767 d-" 0.2305 ns= 1.84666
Shiro = 23.78 rho = -3,072
6 d,, =0.2882 r++ =-0,9798 d+ + = 0.3458 ny= 1.846
66 yt = 23.78r1□ =-9,
2888 d+a =0.1556 r, =2.6974 d,a =0.6282 na=1.65160
v, =58.52r++ =-2,6974 Aspheric coefficient E=0.20175, F=-0,65172xlO
-”P:lR1=0.4496, ΔK
=0.058(K+-Kn, sl/to o, 5l=0
．． 089.1cosω+−cosω. slJ, 128h
, /Imax=0.542, lRminl=0.
4496.1z=1.697tana=0.2137.
janLLI+ = 0.700 Example 3 f = 1.000, F/6.109,
2 ω = 70.14"IH = 0.67, object distance = -17,3110r1 = ■ d+"0.2308 Old = 1.76900r2 =
ω d, = 0.1154 rs = 2.1 mouth 52 (aspherical surface) dz = 0.2885 Q, = 1.78472
r, = 0.4385 d, = 0.2308 ra = ■ d,” 0.'/933 n, = 1.8061
0rs = oo (aperture) d, = 2.2073 n4 = 1.80610
rte=-1,2937 dy=0.1731 r8=2.8552 d,=1.0675 n,=1.60311r
e = -1,0779 d, = 0.2308 na = 1.84666
rta = -3,0744 d,. =0.2885 =64t15 = 25.71 = 40.95 = 40.95 = 60.7Q =23°78 r++ ”-0,9781 d, = 0.3462 nt = 1.84666
Schiff = 23.78r1□ = -9,2995 d+2 =o. 1558 rho =2.7005 d,, =0.6290 na=1.65160
v, =58.67rz =-2,7005 Aspheric coefficient E=0.20105, F=-0,64797xlO
-” P-LR, l=0.4385, Δ
K=0.059fK+-Ko, i)/0. ! l=0.
090.1cO8ω+-CO8IJo, 5l=0.12
9h, /In+ax =0.544, lRminl
=0.4385. f2=1.699tana=0.
2143. janliJ+ = 0.702 Example 4 f = 1.000, F/7.153, 2
ω = 70.14° IH = 0.67, object distance =
-17,4331r+= ■ d, =0.2324 n+=1.76900
v, = 64.15 "2 = ■ di = 0.1162 rs = 2.7796 (aspherical surface) ds = 0.5035 fi, = r, = 0.44
16 d, = 0.2324 rs” ■ dS = 1.2018 ra = ω (aperture) d, = 1.8199 vt = -1,3028 dt = 0.1743 ra = 2.8753 da = 1.0750 r9 = -1,0855 d, = 0.2324 rho = -3,0961 fi, = 1.80610 ns ” 1 fi4 = 1.80610 na” 1.84666 1.78472 0311 = 25.71 = 40.95 = 40 .95 = Go, 70 = 23.78 d, . = 0.2906 rz = -0,9850 ll = 0.3487 ny = 1.84666 = 23.78 12 9.3650 I2 = 0.1569 ri3 = 2. 7196 d13=0.6334 n-=1.65160
va = 58.67r+4 = -2,7196 Aspheric coefficient E = 0.14395, F = -0,62561
x 1O-2P"IR, l=0.4416, ΔK
= 0.037 (K, - to o, s)/Ko, s l
=0.056.1cosω+-cosu. S l=o
, 128h+/Imax =0.769, lR
minl:0.4416. f, = 1.711ta
nα=0.2686. tansu, =0.702 Example 5 f =1.000, F/8.155, 2
(, l = 70.14'IH = 0.68, object distance = -17,5213r, = o.

d, = 0.2336 n, = 1.76900
v, =64.15r2=o.

d2= 0.1168 r, == 4.2913 (aspherical surface) d3" 1.012I n-= 1.78472
17 = = 25.71r, = 0.4439 d4 = 0.2336 rs = ■ d, = 1.5341 (-, =oo (aperture) d, = 1.5029 r, = -1,3094 d? = 0 .1752 ra = 2.8898 d, = 1.01105 r, = -1,0910 de = 0.2336 rzo = -3,1118 d,, = 0.2920 rz = -0,9900 n s ” 1, 80610 n4= 1.80610 ni=1.60311 ns" 1.84666 = 40.95 = 40.95 = 60.70 =23.78 d,, =0.3504 ny" 1.84666 =23.78 rza =- 9,4124 d++a =O,1577 rzs ”2.7333 d,, =0.6366 rz4 =-2,7333 Aspheric coefficient n5 = 1.65160 = 58.67 P□L, E = 0.59647 x 10- '
, F = −0,61002x 10-”R,,,
, 0,4439, ΔK: 0.0231 (K +
-Ko, sl/Ko, s IJ, 035. lc
osw+ -CO8, JJo, s I=0.128h
+/Imax=1.176, lRminl
=0°4439. ft=1.720tar+a=0
．． 2973. tanω, =0.702 Example 6 f=1. ooO, F15.200 2ω= 66.9
9'I H = 0.6062, object distance = -8,
3426r1= (1) d,=0.0834 0. = 1.76900
v+ = 64.15 r2 = di = 0.0556 r, = 4.6851 (aspherical surface) d-” 0.3615 Q, = 1.78472
vz = 25.71ra= (1) d, = 0.1112 n, = 1.58144 ν3 = 40.75 rs = 0.3337 d, = 0.2225 "6 = ω d, = 0.7131 n4 = 1 .80610 ν4 = 40.95 r, = ■ (aperture) dt = 1.8898 ns” 1.80610
1/s = 40.95ra = -1,2954 d, = 0.0834 re = 1.7066 de" 0.8343 na = 1.60311
v-=6[1,70rlo=-0,95
57 d+o =0.2781 nt=1.84666
ν? =23.88r++ =-7,5841 d,, =0.8089 "1□ =-0,6839 d,, =0.2781 n, =1.58144
v, =40.75r+3 = (1) dl, =0.6396 Q, = 1.60311
v-=60.70rz =-1,0340 Aspheric coefficient E=0.20085. F=-0,22420P=11R
, l=0.3337, Δ=0.0511 (K
+ -Ko, sl/Ko, sl=o, 085.
IC08LLII-CO3(110,s I=o,
122h, /Imax = 0.652, lRm
inl=0.3337. ft=1.733tan
a=0.1213. tanω+ = 0.66
1 Example 7 f = 1.000, F15.210,
2 (,1= 67.67”I H= 0.6714
, object distance = -9,2393r1 = ■ d, =0.0924 n, =1.7G900
v, = 64.15 rz = ω d, = 0.0616 rx = 6.0741 (aspherical surface) d, = 0.4004 112 = 1.78472
v, = 25.71r4 = ■ d, = 0.1232 Q, = 1.58144 = 40.75 rs = 0.3696 d, = 0.2464 r6 = ■ d6 = 0.7894 r, = oo (aperture) d7 = 2.0932 rs = -1,2770 d, = 0.0924 n4 = 1.80610 ns = 1.80610 and 40.95 = 40.95 r* = 3.0909 ds = 0.9239 ns = 1. 60311
1/s = 60.7Or+o =-0,9
192 d+o =0.3080 nt= 1.84666
vt = 23.88rz = -3,20
67 dll = 0.8442 rlg = -0,7998 dlz = 0.3080 na = 1.581
44 vt= = 40.75r, +3: ■ d, = 0.7083 0. = 1.60311
vs = 60.70r+4 = -1,214
1 Aspheric coefficient E=0.23807. F=-0, 13456P・IR,
-0,3696, ΔK = 0.027 (K+-Kn,
s)/Ko, 5l=0.045.1cosω+-CO3
1i1o, 5l=0.117h, /Imax=0.
684, lRminl=0.3696. fz=
1.865tana=0.1514. janlu
+ = 0.670 Example 8 f = 1.000, F15.240, 2
(,1=87.49'I H=0.9152,
Object distance = -12,5945r+= ■ d, = 0.1259 r, = ■ d, = 0.0840 ra"-647,3792 d, = 0.5458 r4 = ■ fi, = 1.76900 (Aspherical surface) n, = 1.78472 = 64.15 = 25.71 d4 = 0.1679 n, = 1.58144 = 40.75 r5 = 0.5038 d, = 0.3359 r6 = ■ da = 1.0759 r, = co (aperture) d,: 2.8535 ra = -1,7455 d, = 0.1259 rs = 4.0568 d, = 1.2594 114 = 1.80610 ni = 1.80610 na" 1.60300 = 40.95 = 40.95 = 65.48 "1゜ = -1,2564 d+O = 0.4198 Q, = 1.84666 = 23.88 r,, = -3,0412 d, = 0.6504 rrs = -1,4735 d,, =0.4198 n, =1.59270
v.

rrs = ■ dlz = 0.9656 ns = 1.517
28 ver+4 =-1,9745: 35.29 =69.56 Aspheric coefficient E=0.10039, F=-0,28591x
10-'r"IR, I=0.5038,
ΔK = 0.052 (K + - Ko, sl/We
, s l =0.098.1 cosu+ −CO8ω
o, s l =0.182h, /Imax =0.
858, Rn1n =0.5038.
f2=2.139tana=0.1443. ta
nlJ+ = 0.957 Example 9 f=1. ooo, F15. b62, 2
ω = 87.10゜I H = 0.8613, object distance = -11,8530 rl = ■ dr = 0.1185 jl, = 1.7690
0v.

=64.15 r2=(1) d! = 0.0790 r, = -56,3732 (aspherical surface) d, = 0.5136 n, = 1.78472
= 25.71 r4 = ■ d4 = o, 1580 re = o, 4741 d, = 0.3161 r6 = ■ d, = 1.0124 r a = ■ (aperture) ns = 1.58144 n4 = 1.80610 = 40. ．． 75 = 40.95 d, = 2.6857 fi, = 1.80610 = 40.95 re”-1,7177 ds”0.1185 re = 2.9925 d, = 1.1853 Q, = 1.60300 = 65.48 rl.

=-1,3612 dlo = 0.3951 nt=1 4666 =23 = −3,8561 dll = 0.6970 12 =-1,1928 d+z = 0.3951 QB=1.59270 = 35.29 r,,=o.

d,, =0.9087 n, =1.51728
v, = 69.56r, = -1,6083 Aspheric coefficient E = 0.11335, F = -0,38725
x1O-R1=0.4741, ΔK=0.0
63fK+-KO, sl/Ko, sl=0.120
．． 1cosu+−cosω. , I=0.188h,/L
nax = 0.821, lRminl = 0.4
741. f2=2.090tana=0.131
6. janLl+ = 0.951 Example 10 f=1.000, F15.259, 2ω
= 87.99'I H= 0.9629, object distance = -13,2509r+= ■ d+=0.1325 n, = 1.76900
v, =64.15r = (1) d, = 0.0883 r, = -12,8271 (aspherical surface) d, "0.5742 n, = 1.78472
v2 = 25.71 r4 = ■ d4 = 0.1767 n, = 1.58144 ν3 = 40.75 r- = 0.5300 d, = 0.3534 ra = (1) d, = 1.1318 rt"■ ( Aperture) d, = 3.0025 r, = -1,6269 Q4: 1.80610 ns = 1 0610 ν4 ν5 = 40.95 = 40.95 d, = 0.1325 r, = 5.9867 d, = 1 .:1251 Q6 = 1.60300 White = 65.48 rlo = 1.0538 dl. = 0.4417 n7 = 1 4666 = 23.88 r++ = -2,8854 d,, =0.6843 "12 = -1 , 4437 d mouth = 0.4417 ns ” 1 , 59270 white = 35.29 13 dll = 1.0159 no = 1.51728 ν9 : 69.56 rl4 = -1,8947 Aspheric coefficient E = O, 10389, F=-0,22176xlO-'
P”IR,l = 0.5300, Δ
K=0.039(K+-Ko, al/Ko, s l =
0.078,1cosu+-CO3LIJo, s l
oO,177h,/l11ax =0.836,
Rmin=0.5300. f2=2.3
01tanα=0.2344. tanω, =
[], 966 Example 11 f=1.000, F/6.051, 2ω=6
9.86゜I H = 0.6674, object distance = -17,2612r+= ■ d, =0.1726 n, =1.76900
v, =64.15r2=■ d, =0.1151 rz=2.4550 (aspherical surface) ds=0.2877 02=1.80610
V2 = 40.95r4 = 0°4488 d, = 0.2301 rll = ■ da” 0.9394 ns = 1.80610
1/3 = 40.95r6=oo (aperture) da= 2.0525 n4= 1.80610
v-= 40.95ry"-1,2900 d?= 0.1726 rll= 3.7635 da"1.1507 Qa= 1.60311
Va = 60.7Or, +=-1,05
98 ds = 0.230I n, = 1.84666
va = 23.78 rho = -1,9
350 dl. =0.4603 r,, =-0,6904 dz =0.3452 n? =1.78472
νt =25.71rI2:':o.

d,, =0.7250 n, =1.69680
v, =55.52r+x =-1,14
38 Aspheric coefficient E = 0.19848, F = 0.3
9318 x 10-' P-IR, = 0.44
88 Δ=0.0551 (K+ −Ko,
s)/Ko, s l=0.087.1cosilJ
+-cosu. 5l=0.1z7h,/Imax=
0.550, IRminl=0.4488. fz=
1.964tana=0.1902. tanω+
= 0.698 Example 12 f=1. ooo, F/6.080, 2
ω = 70.02°I H = 0.6686,
Object distance = -28,8184rl=ω d+= 0.1729 1+= 1.76900
v+ = 64.15r2=■ d, = 0.1153 r, = 3.0173 (aspherical surface) ds = 0.2882 r+self = 1.80610
Va = 40.95r:, = 0.423
3 d, = 0.2882 rs = ω da = 1.7036 ns = 1.80610
v-= 40.951-, =OO (aperture) da= 2.1786 n4= 1.80610
v4 = 40.95ry = -1,9237 dt = 0.2882 rll = 23.0048 d, = 1.0029 na = 1.64000
vs =60.09re=-1,0650 d, =0.2478 n, =1.84666
v, =23.88r1゜ =-2,1708 d,, =2.0402 r++ =-0,9691 d,, =0.5764 nt"1.64769
v, =33.80r, 2=OO dz2 =0.5648 n, =1.78800
v, =47.38r++ =-1,6391 Aspheric coefficient E =0.27896, F =0.17497
x 1G-'P"IR,=0.4233
ΔK = 0.0291 (K+-Ko, a)/
Ko, s l=0.046.1cosLII+-co
su. , l=0.128h1/In+ax=0.6
29, 1R1Ilinl=0.4233. f
,=2.805tana=0.2272. tanb
Jt = 0.701 Example 13 f = 1.000, F15.965,
2 ω = 73.606 I H = 0.7432
, object distance = -18,1269r+= ■ d, =0.2417 n+ =1.76900
v, =64.15r2=ω d, =0.1208 rs” 1.7634 (Aspherical surface) ds”0.3021 11. : r4=0.4713 d4=0.2417 r5=■ d,=0.8472 r6=oo (aperture) ds"2.2948 r,?=-t,51oq d,=0.1813 ra=4.3329 da=1.1178 r,, =-1,2674 d, = 0.2417 r+o ''-1,8784 d,, =0.3021 r++ =-1,2270 d1+ =0.3625 r+z =-5,7567 d1 □ = -0,1631 n, = 1.84666 n mini 1.80610 n, = 1.80610 ns = 1.60311 n6 = 1.84666 1.80610 = 40.95 = 40 = 40.95 = 60.70 =23.78 = 23.78 r+3 =6.2536 dls =0.6586 na=1.651601
．． 1e == 53.52 r, = -3,4067 Aspheric coefficient E = 0.17732, F = -0,51470x
lO-2PIR,=0.4713, ΔK=
0.060CL-to o, sl/Ko, sl=o
, o9o, 1cosω, -cosω. , l=0.13
6h, /Imax=0.579, Rmi
n=0.4713. f2=1.757tana
= 0.3070. janω+ = 0.748
Example 14 f=1.000, F/6.564.2ω=74
．． 77°I H = 0.6718, object distance =
-16,3845r, =■ d, =0.1638 n, =1.76900 1
/+ =64.15r2=■ d, = 0.1092 1”, = 3.8668 (Aspherical surface) d, = 0.2731 Q2 = 1.80610
vz = 40.95r4 = 0.426
0 d4 = 0.2185 r, : ■ ds = 0.8806 r6 = oo (aperture) d, = 1.9593 r, = -1,7675 d, = 0.1638 ra: 2.7768 da = 1.0923 r, = -o, 9650 d9 = 0.2185 r+o = -1,5214 d, o = 0.9508 r++ = -0,5796 dll = 0.3277 n mini 1.80610 n4; 1 0610 n5 = 1 0311 n6 = 1.84666 nt=1.78472 = 40.95 =40 = 60.70 = 23.78 =25 d1□: Q, [1881 na=1.69580 = 55.52 r'+a =-1,0103 Non Spherical coefficient E = 0.15361 F = 0.49078 X 10-' P・1 = 0.426, ΔK = 0.0751 (K
+-Ko, sl/Ko, sl"0.128.1co
sω, -cosω. slJ, 154h+/Inax
= 0.503, lRminl=0.426
, f2=2.036tana=0.1113.
janW+ = 0.764 Example 15 f=1.000, F/6.712, 2ω=7
5.37@I H=0.6751, object distance=
-16,4654r+= ■ d =0.2195 0+ =1.76900
v, = 64.15 r2 = ■ d2 = 0.1 mouth 98 r, = 2.2137 (aspherical surface) ds” 0.2744 Q2 = 1.80610
v-=40.95r,=0.4281 d4=0.2195 rs=■ d8=0.7695 n,=1.80610
v-=40.95r, = 00 (aperture) da” 2.0845 n4= 1.8061
0 v4 =40.95ry =-1,256
2 d, = 0.1647 r, = 1.9566 d, = 1.0154 ns" 1.60311 ν5 = 60.70 r9 = -0,9929 d e = D, 2195 n - = 1
,84666 ver+o =-4,867
9 (Lo = 0.2744 r++ = -0,8676 d = 0.3293 n, = 1.846
66 v.

r, z = -33, IrO2 d1□ = o, 1482 rIs = 1.8412 d+i = 0.5982 na = 1.65160
vnr14 = -2,9468 =23 = 23.78 =58.52 Aspheric coefficient E = 0.23287, F = -0,83
235x 1O-2R,=0.4281, △
K = 0.067 (K+-Ko, sl/Ko, a
1=0.106.1cO9ω+-CO3Wo, sh
+/Imax=0.547, lRmin
I=0.4281. fz=tana=0.2159
．． tan mountain, =0.772 Example 16 P・1 =0.153 1.535 f=1.000, F/6.062, 2ω
=93.65@I H= 1.0191, Object distance:, -24,855Or+= ■ d,"0.2486 n, =1.76900
v, =64.15r,! =(1) d2= 0.1657 rs= 3.2886 (aspherical surface) d,”0.4143 n,=1.80610
1/a = 40.95r4 = 0.5513 d, = 0.3314 rs = ■ d,” 1.3523 n, = 1.8 (161
0v, = 40.95rs=■ (aperture) ds= 2.9559 n4= 1.80610
v-=40.95rt"-1,7553・da=o,2486ra=76.0049da"1.2428n,=1.603Ll
v, =60.70r*=-1,1701 de= 0.3314 ns= 1.84666
)/fi = 23.78r+o =-3
,0256 d,, =0.6628 r,, knee 10.0965 d,, =0.4971 ny=1.78472
v, =25.68r, =■ d,i = 1.0439 na = 1.696
80 ν, =55.52r+s =-5,
9017 Aspheric coefficient E = 0.10046, F = 0.68773
Xl0-'P'11R, l=0.5513
, ΔK = 0.0741 (K+−Ko
, s)/Ko, s l=0.121.1cosil
J+ -CO8klo, s l・0.200h, /I
wax=0.124, IRminl=0.551
3. fz=2.266tana=0.3913.
janl+J+ = 1.066 Example 17 f=1.000, F/6.396, 2ω=
68°I H=-0,65, object distance=-8,965
9rl=■ d+= 0.1195 nl= 1.76900
v-= 64.15 ", = ■ da"0.0598 rs = 7.6111 (aspherical surface) d, = 0.3885 n mini 1.78472 = 25.71 r4 = ■ d4 = 0.1195 rs"0 .3752 d, = 0.2391 j, = ω d, = 0.7553 r, =oo (aperture) d, = 2.0420 re”-1,2914 d, = 0.0897 to = 2.4782 d, =0.8966 r,. = −0,9432 d,. = 0.2989 r++ =-4,1375 d,, =0.8458 "1□ =-0,8129 d1□ = 0.2989 n3=1.58144 n mini 1.80610 na=1.80610 ns" 1. 60311 nt = 1.8466 (+ na = 1.58144 = 40.75 = 40.95 = 40.95 = 60.70: 23.88 = 40.75 r+s = ■ d+s = 0.6874 n, = 1. 60311
νe = 60.7 Or, = -1,1904 Aspheric coefficient E = 0.19416 P = 1 R, = 0.3752, ΔK = 0.032I (
K+ -Ka, sl/Ko, sl=0.055.
1 cosu+ −cosklo, Is I =Q,
121h+/Imax=1.005,
lRminl=0.3752. fz=1.8
26tana=0.1223. t, anωr =0.
675 Example 18 f = 1.000, F/6.449,
2 (J = 68aIH = 0.65, object distance =
-9,0009rl=ω d+=o, 1200 n mini 1.76900
v+ =64.15rm= ■ da=0.0600 rs = 2.4002 (aspherical surface) ds=0.390On, =1.78472 v2=
25.71r4=ω d, =0.1200 na=1.58144
v, = 40.75rs = o, 2856 d5 = 0.2400 r8 = ■ d, = 0.7583 rt = ■ (aperture) d, = 2.0500 rs = -1,2964 n4 = 1.80610 n mini 1 .80610 = 40.95 =40.95 d, = 0.0900 re = 2.4878 d, = 0.9001 n mini 1.60311 = 60.70 "l 12 r+5 = -0,9469 dl. = o, 3000 = -4,1536 d,, =0.8491 = -0,8161 dlz =0.3000 = 00 jl, = 1.84666 na" 1.58144 = 23.88 =40.75 dos =0.6901 n Mini 1.60311 = 60.70 r+a = -1,1950 Aspheric coefficient F = 0.45780 P″I R, = o, zas6, ΔK = 0.027 (
K+-Ko, sl/Ko, sl”o, 041.1c
osω+−cosωo, sl□o, 119h, /In
ax = L, 238, lRminl = 0
．． 2856. f, = 1.833tanα = 0.10
10. tanωI =0.675 Example 19 f=1.000, F/4.966, 2ω=
69.886゜I H= 0.6431, object distance = -8,8496r1=■ d+” 0.0885 n+” 1.76900
v+ = 64.15r2=■ d, = 0.0590 r, = 4.8865 (aspherical surface) ds” 0.3835 nx = 1.78472
v-=25.71r4=■ d,=0.1180 n,=1.58144
v, =40.75rs=0.3540 d, =o, 2360 r6=■ ds=0.7563 n4= 1.80610
v-=40.95r, =oo (aperture) d? = 2.0048 rs = -1,2746 d, = 0.0885 r* = 2.4460 n mini 1.80610 = 40.95 d, = 0.11850 ns" 1.60311 = 60°70: -0, 9310 d,. -11,2950 ny=1 4666: 23.88 =-4,08:18 d.

= 0.8348 = −0,8024 13 14 r+a d, □ = 0.2950 =　oO dl3 = 0.6785 =-1,1749 d,, =2.0649 : 5.5838 a,, =12.8909 na=1.58144 no=1.60311 = 1.62004 =40.75 = 60.70 ν,. = 36.25 r+s la : 0.7611 I7 = 4.1673 dos = 0.2950 11 = 1.8061G ,=40.95 I6 : 1.9038 r+e rh.

21 ag d,, =0.8850 Knee 7.4569 dos = 0.5310 =　OO d. = 12.8909 =-5,5838 dz+=2.3599 =5.5838 d2□ = 12.8909 n+z n+4 = 1.65160 = 1.62004 = 1.62004 ν12=58.52 Co=36.25 ,=36.25 zs xa 2s oll d,, =0.7611 = 4.1673 d,, =0.2950 = 1.9038 d,, =0.8850 = −7,4569 d, a = 0.531.0 nl@ 116 : 1.80610 = 1.65160 C,,=40.95 ,=58.52 r3 = 4.6340 3 =0.9280 = 1.80610 ,=40.95 a2 =2.0149 dsa = 1.5447 = 1. [+5160 ν+5=58.67 Z3 =-9,4871 dsa = 0.6801 14 zs 3g r3? d,, =14.9914 knee 6.8830 d, 5 = 2.3055 =6.8830 d,, =14.9914 = 00 nx.

nl+ = 1.62004 = 1.62004 ν2. = 36 ci, , = 36.25 d, , = 1.4525 za = 4.6340 d3. =0.9280 t2 = 1.80610 C2□=40,95 311 40 = 2.0749 d,, =1.5447 =-9,4871 d,, =0.6801 xs 5160 C3=58.67 r41 :l d4. ==14.9914 r4□ =-6,8830 L2 =2.3055 r*3 =6.8830 d,, =14.9914 "44 =■ d4. =1.4525 r4s = 4.6340 d4. :U ,9280 r4s =2.0749 d4e ”1.5447 rat =-9,4871 d4. =0.6801 r4s = ■ d4. =14.4150 r49 ” ■ d,, =0.5764 r,. = -18,2640 Example 21 24 n y5 za zt tB ze = 1.62004 = 1.62004 = 1.806.lO = 1. 65160 = 1.62004 = 1.62004 S114 = 36.25 S2S = : 16.25 ν28 = 40.95 S27 = 58.67 S2. = 36.25 S, , = 36.25 f = 4 .330, 2(,1=80.4'I)
l = 1.712, object distance = 50r, = 7.5
850 (Aspherical surface) dl= 1.000On, = 1.78471r2=1
．． 9040 dz=1.2000 r,=o.

d,=6.700On,=”1.8061Or4=
(1) d4 = 8.0000 jl, = 1.8061
0r s = -7, 1300 d, = 2.0000 r6 = 9.1560 ds = 5.000On4 = 1.51633ry = -
6,0310 d,” 1.5000 ns= 1.84666
rs = -95,7310 F15.69 = 25.71 = 40.95 = 40.95 = 64.15 = 23 d, = 3.0 OGO rs = 29.4330 d-" 5.0000 na = 1.51633
= 64.15 r+.

d,, =13. [1000 nt=1 To 5! 533 =64.15 11 = −40,9980 d.

= 44.0000 Iz = 37.6000 r+s r'+4 r+a 16 r＋＋＋ d12 = 4.5110 = −14,9830 d+s = 2.0000 = −33,7510 d,, =25.6200 =I) o (aperture) d, r, = 25.6200 = 33.7510 d,, =z, ooo.

= 14.9830 d,, = 4.511O = -37,6000 d 1g = 40.9500 = 55.0600 d19 = 22.3000 na = 1.51009 nx: 1.74950 4950 = 1.51009 = 1.51633 = 63.46 = 35 ν,. = 35.27, = 63.46 si1□ = 64.15 r2゜: -55,0600 dzo=40.9500 r, = 37.6000 d2. =4.5110 r,, =-14,9830 daa=2.0000 raz =-33,7510 d,, =51.2400 rH= 33.7510 d,, =2.0000 rzs = 14.9830 da-= 4.5110 raa = -37,60 ro d2. =72.9351 r2□ = 57.4060 da7 =1.0000 ras = 16.3250 die = 4.500On'5 r2- =-21,9620 Aspheric coefficient n+s n+4 n+a 16 n1 te = 1.51009 = 1. 74950 = 1.74950 = 1.51009 = 1.80518 = 1.66998 Shi + 3 = 63.46 Shi + 4 = 35.27 Shi + 5 = 35.27 Shi, , = 63.46 Shi, 7 = 25.43 ν + 5 = 39.27 P = -7,0000, E = 0.62003
x 10-'F = -0,77473X 10-' R+/fl= 0.439, I[K+-Ko,
s)/to 0. sl=0.1061cosω1-C
08LLlo, s = mouth, 158h, /Imax
= 0.493, fa/f= 1.664
IRminl/f=0.439, tana=
0.3115tanω+ =0.846,
d/Imax=4.58 Example 22 f = 4.330, 2 ω = 80.2'I
H=1.708, object distance=50, F15.
69rl = 7.5850 (aspherical surface) d, =1.000On, =1.78471 v,
=25.71r, =1.9040 d, = 1.2000 rs" ■ da" 6.700On, = 1.80610 1
72 = 40.95r, = ■ d4 = 8.0000 jl, = 1.80610
vz = 40.957", = -7,1302 d, = 2.0000 r, = 9.1562 d, = 5.0000 Q4 = 1.51633 = 64.15 ry = -6,0314 d, = 1. 5000 ns" 1.84666 = 23.78 ra = -95,7314 d, = 3.0000 rs = 29.4333 d* = 5.0000 na = 1, 51680 = 64.14 rlo :OO d,. = 13.000゜rll =-40,9983 dll =44.0005 r,, = 36.5571 d,, =4.511O r,, =-14,7648 dll =2.000O r+4 =-33,5416 d ,, =25.6200 ('', 5=oo (aperture) d,, =25.6200 fi, = 1.51680 jl, = 1.50657 no= 1.74950 =64.14 =61.94 = 35. 27 rlm = 33.5416 d,, =2.000O r,, = 14.7648 d,? =4.511O r,, =-36,5571 d,, =40.950O r+9 =54.9614 d,, =22.300O r,, =-54,9614 d2゜ = 40.950O r, = 36.5571 dg+ =4.5110 rat =-14,7648 d,, =2.000O rms =-33,5416 dss: 51.240O r, 4 = 33.5416 d,, =2.0000 n+.

11 n+z 13 14 l11 = 1.74950 : 1.50657 = 1.51680 = 1.50657 = 1.74950 = 1.74950 ν1゜= 35.27 shi, , = 61.94 shi1□=64.14 , = 61.94 shi,, = 35.27 shi + 5 = 35.27 raa = 14.7648 ZS = 4.5110 16 = 1.50657 shi, , = 61.94 rza = -36,5571 dzs = 73.4215 may = 57.4059 d,, ” 1.000On, t = 1.805
18 ν, ,: 25.43ras = 16.32
53 d,, = 4.500Onlj = 1.66998
v,, = 39.27r,, =-21,961
5 Aspheric coefficient P = -7,0000, E = 0.62003 x
10-"F =-0,77437X 10"' R1/fl=0.439, 1(K+-Ka, sl/K
o, l = 0.106cosω, -cosωo, sl =
0.157h, /Imax =0.494, f
z/f=1.664Rminl/f=: 0.439
, tana= 0.3103janlal+ =0
．． 842, d/I++ax=4.48 Example 23 f=4.330 2ω=81.8°I H=1.742, object distance=50. F15.6
9r, = 7.5850 (aspherical surface) d+= 1.0000 nI= 1.78471
ν1 = 25.71r, = 1.9040 d2 = 1.2000 rs = ■ d, = 6.7000 nz = 1.80610 = 40.95 ra = ■ d4 = 8.0000 1g knee 7.1302 ds”2. 00F+(1 r6=9, ■562 d, = 5.0000 rt=-6,0314 d7= 1.500O r,=-95,7314 ds= 3.000O r==29.4333 de= 5.000O rlG = ■ n, = 1.80610 114 = 1.51633 ns”1 4666 n mini 1.51680 = 40.95 = 64.15 = 23°78 = 64.14 d,, = 13.0000 Q, = 1. 51680 = 64.14 11 = -40,9983 d++ = 44.0005 r+i r+s r+y = 38.1046 d,, =4.5110 = -14,7435 d,, =2.0000 = -:14.0380 d, , =25.6200 = ct3 (aperture) d ls = 25.6200 = 34.0380 d,, =2.0000 = 14.7435 na = 1-51633 n, = 1.74950 ne.

= 1.74950 = 64.15; 35.27 o = 35.27 d, 7 = 4.5110 = 1.51633 = 64 = -38,1046 19 20 rat d+8 = 40.9500 = 54.8163 d+* = 22.3000 knee 54.8163 d,, =40.9500: 38.1046 da+ =4.5110 nla 13 = 1.51680 = 1.51633 shi,, =64.14 shi,, =84.15 rat =- 14,7435 d2□ = 2.0000 '2. :~34.0380 dos = 51.2400 rz4 = 34.0380 d,, =2.0000 rxs = 14.74:15 +i2. =4.5110 r, * =-38,1(146 d2. :74.1754 ro, =54.5508 d,, =1.0000 rz8 ''16.8816 dzs =4.5000 rz-=-22,0046 Aspheric coefficient P = - 7,0000, E = 0.62003F
= -0,77437x 10-'lR1/f l =
0.439, l (K1-Ko, 0C to sl/
O3ωl−CO3ω. , =0.162×10 = 1.74950 = 1.74950 ” 1.51633 : 1.80518 = 1.65128 14 nls n+11 nl D4 = 35.27 5 = 35.27 C,, =, 64.15 , = 25 νIa”38.25 = 0.111 h, /Imax = 0.491, fz/
f=1.664Rmin/f=0.439,
tana=0.3200tanω+ =0.866
, d/Imax=4.48 Example 24 f=4.330, 2ω=80.0"I H=1
．． 700, object distance = 50r + = 7.5850
(Aspherical surface) d+=1.000On+=1.7847
1r2=1.9040 d, = 1.2000 rs= ■ ds=6.7000 n*= 1.80610r4
= (1) d4” 8.0000 ns= 1.80610r
5=-7,1302 dS=2.0000 ra=9.1562 d,=5.000On,=1.51633rt=
-6,0314 d7= 1.5000 ns= 1.84666F
15.69 = 25.71 = 40.95 = 40.95 = 64.15 = 23.78 r, 1 = -95,7314 d, = 3.0000 r* = 29.4333 d, = 5.000O rIO :o.

n　a　　　　1　, 51680 =64.14 d,, =13.0000 Q7=1.51680 : 64.14 11 = −40,9983 d,, =44.0005 r+i = 42.4824 13 r+4 r+@ 18 tt d,, =4.5110 =-15,1077 d,, =z, ooo.

= −32,6979 d,, =25.6200 =oo (aperture) d,, =25.6200 = 32.6979 d,, =z, ooo.

= 15.1077 na=1.51633 11, = 1.74950 n+.

==: 1.74950 = 64.15 = 35.27. = 35.27 d,, =4.5110 n+ = 1.51633 ci,, =64.15 r+a = -42,4824 d+a =40.9500 19 = 53.3038 d,, =22.3000 = 1.51680 ,, =64.14 20 = -53,3038 dzs =40.9500 21 = 42.4824 Z2 23 z4 zs 2B dzl =4.5110 = -15,1077 d2□ = 2.0000 = -32,6979 d z3 =51.2400 = 32.6979 dz-=2.0000 = 15.1077 d2s =4.5110 =-42,4824 dzs = 73.3230 n+3 n+a Ista = 1.51633 = 1.74950 = 1.749 50 = 1.51633 shi, , = 64.15 shi, 4 = 35.27 shi + 5 = 35.27 shi, , = 64.15 r2? = 50.5778 42 guns = 1.0000 nl? = 1.80518 ν, 1 = 25.43 rsa = 15.8191 dia = 4.5000 01a = 1.65
128 shi, 8 = 38.25rm'* = -2
1,6085 Aspheric coefficient P = -7,0000, E = 0.62003 xl
OsF=-0,77437x 10-' R1/fl=0.439, +(ni+-Ko,
sl/K 0. sl=0.106CO8ω
+-CO8ωo, sl =0.157h, /fmax
= 0.494, f, /f= 1.664IR
minl/f=0.439, tana=0
．． 3080tanω+ = 0.3080, d
/Imax=4.62 in Example 25=4.093, 2ω=79.9”I H=2.
603, object distance = 50, F15.69r,,
= 20.4600 (aspherical surface) d+=1. ro0roo
n+=1.78471 v-=25.71r,
= 2.7218 d2 = 1.2000 rs = (1) d, = 15.0000 nt = 1.7880 mouth = 47.38 r, = -7,6691 d, = 0.2003 rs: 24.2126 d, =4.5000 ra::-5,0000 d, = 1.483O r, =-18,6930 d, = 5.6100 rs: 12.2983 d, = 5.0000 r9=■ dt+= t3. ooooo.

rlo = −29,0938 d. = 43.9999 r,, = 69.2137 d,, =4.511゜ rl2 = -14,3232 n,=1 0311 n,=1 4666 nS=i, 51680 ns=　1.51680 n, = 1.51680 = 611.70 = 23.78 : 64.14 =64.14 =64 d, z = 2.0000 jl, = 1.66446 = 35.81 rl3 = −29,8775 13 =:25.62.00 14 rls rls 11 guns 1s rle rz.

r2+ = (1) (aperture) d,, =25.6200 = 29.8750 dls =2.0000: 14.3232 d,, =4.5110 = -69,2137 d,, =40.9500 == 59 .9772 dls =22.3000 = -59,9772 dls =40.9500 = 69.2137 dzo =4.5110 = -14,3232 r+*=1.66445 lQ 1680 : 1.51680 n+z = 1.51613 0 = 35 .81 o = 64.14 , = 64.14 shi, 2 = 64.14 d21 = 2.0000 I3 = 1.66446 shi 13 2 35.81 2g = -29,8775 d8□ = 51.2400 ro: 29 .8750 113 = 2.0000 = 1.66446 4 = 35.81 rz4 = 14.3232 d, 4 = 4.5110 n,, = 1.516
80 v,, = 64.14r2. =-69,213
7 d2s = 73.5603 rag = 108.6187 dis = 1.9869 n1g = 1.
78472 VI8= 25.71rz7 ” 16
．． 4237 d,,”4.500On,t=,1.669
98 1/l? ”= 39.27r,, =-19,
3120 Aspheric coefficient P = -33,9147E = 0.38319 X
10-"F = -0,77360x 10-'
G = 0.14079 x to-”L =-0,
87328x 10-” IR, /fl=0.665, l(K+-Ko,s)
/Ko, 5l=0.0201cosiIJ+-cosω
o, sl =0.1'i0h+#max =0.761
, f*/f=2.111Rmin/f=0
．． 665, tana=0.3170tanu
, =0.838, d/Imax=4.74
Example 26 f=4.449 2ω=79.6” I H=1.699, object distance=5°r+=6.
3185 (Aspherical surface) d, = 1.000On, = 1.78471rg = 1
．． 9000 d, = 0.9000 rs= ■ F15.88 = 25.71 d-= 6.7000 1. : 1.80610=
40.95 r4= ■ d, = 8.2000 n, = 1.80610 = 40.95 rs = -7,0109 d% = 2.0000 rs = 11.8936 d, = s, ooo.

rv=-5,7154 n4=1.51633 =64.15 d? = 1.5000 n　s　　　　　　　　,84666 =23,78 ra=-28,9737 d, = 3.0000 re=21.4710 d, = 5.0000 ns” 1.51680 = 64.14 rl.

r++ r+2 dl. = 13.0 (to.

= -98, mouth 103 dr, = 44.0004 = 42.4824 ny”1.5161SO =64.14 d, 2 = 4.5110 ns=1.51633 =64.15 Ti =-15,1077 d,,=2.0000 jl, = 1.74950 : 35.27 14 ls 16 17 111 rt.

= −32,6979 d,, =25.6200 =oo (aperture) (Ls = 25.6200 = 32.6979 dls = 2.0O00 = 15.1077 dl7　”4.5110 =-42,4824 dl8 = 40.9500 =53.3038 dl, =22.3000 =-53,3038 nl.

n+1 01 weight = 1.74950 = 1.51633 : 1.516U shi, , =35.27 shi, , =s4. is sitm=64.14 d2G=40.9SO0 r2. = 42.4824 d*+ =4.5110 rzz =-L5.1077 d2□ = 2.0000 ram =-32,6979 dis =51.2400 rs4 =32.6979 ct24 =2.0000 rzs = 15.10 10 77d =4.5110 rxll =-42,4824 dt6 =73.8245 rat = 50.5778 (ht =1.OOoo ram =15.8191 die =4.5000 ram =-21,6085 Aspheric coefficient P = -10, 0000, E=0.70425=
1.65128 = 1.80518 = 1.74950 = 151633 = 1.74950 = 1.51633 l11 14 nla 13 18 C13=64.15 C,, =35.27 C+5=35.27 C+a=64. 15 ci,,=25.43 ν,,=38.25 X 10-"F=-0,77432xlO-', G=0.
14068xlG-”L=-0,87328x
10-”IR,/fl=0.427.1(Kl-to,,s)/KO,5l=0.119 cosω bicosω
,,,1=0.154h+/In+ax=0.
477, fz/f=1.709IRmin
l/f=0.427, tancr=0.
3365tallω+ =0.834,
d/Imax=4.44 Example 27 f=4.449, 2ω=79.6”I H=1
．． 699, object distance = 50r, = 6:3185
(Aspherical surface) d, = 1. Mouth 000 n, = 1.78471
r, = 1.9000 F15.8g = 25.71 ν deprivation di = 0.9000 ram ω d, = 6.7000 r4 = (1) d, = 8.2000 rs”-7, mouth 109 d, = 2 .0OQO nt=1.80610 n3= 1.80610 ν2 ν3 = 40.95 =40.95 ram11.8936 d, = 5.0000 ram-5,7154 dt"1.5000 ram-28,9737 d, = 3 .000O r-=21.4710 d9=5°0000 rIO:o.

dlo = 13.000O r,, =-98,tHO3 d, =44.0004 r++a = 42.4824 d1□ = 4.511O rrs = -15,1077 d,, =2.000O r+4 = -32,6979 dl4 = 25.620 (1 rrs = ■ (aperture) d,, =25.6200 114=1.51633 ns=1.84666 ng=1 1680 ny=1 1680 ns=1.51633 n: 1.74950 = 64.15 = 23.73 =64.14 = 64.14 =64.15 = 35.27 rIt rllll 19 = 32.6979 d+-=2.0000 = 15.1077 41 pieces == 4.5110 = −42,4824 d,, =40.9500 = 53.3038 n, @ 1 = 1.74950 = 1.51633 ν1゜=35.27 1=64.15 d,, =22.3000 For n1 = 1.51680 *=64.14 rt.

2 "22 z3 24 to r2: -53,3038 d,, =40.9500 = 42.4824 d,, =4.5110 knee 15.1077 d2□ = 2.0[1(10 = -32,6979 d2 . = 51.2400 = 32.6979 d, 4 = 2.0000 = 15.1077 d++s ”4.5110 n, j n+4 1r nl ( = 1.51633 4950 = 1.74950 = 1.51633 νI 3 = 64. 15 ν++””35.27 shi + t = 35.27 shi = 64.15 rag = -42,4824 d,, = 73.8203 r,, = 57.4060 dat = 1.0 (100nly = 1.80
518 1/17 = 25.43raa = 16.
3250 d2m =4.500On+1 =1.66998
C+5=39.27rzs=-21,9620 Aspheric coefficient P=-10,0000, E=0.70425 xlO-
"F=-〇.77432xlO-', G=0.1
4068 xlO-'L = -0,87328x 10
−”IR,/f+=0.427, I(K,−,,51
/to,,,I=0.1191eosω,-cosωo,
sl = [1,153h+/imax = 0.478
, i'2/r" 1.709Rminl/f=
0.427, tana=0.3363ta
nLJ+ =0.833, d/Imax=4
．． 45 Example 28 f = 4.449 2ω = 79.6 @ I H = 1692, object distance = 50, F15
．． 88r, = 6.3185 (Aspherical surface) d, = 1.0000 r, = 1.9 (100 d2 = 0.9000 rs = ■ d, = 6.700O r, = (1) Q, = 1.78471 n2 = 1.80610 =25.71 =40.95 d4 = 8.2000 n, = 1.80610 =40 rs = -7,0109 d, = 2.0000 "6 = 11.8936 d6. = 5.f )000 Q, = 1.51633 = 64.15 r7 = -5,7154 d7 = 1.5000 ns: 1.84666 = 23.73 re”-28,9737 da = 3.0000 re = 21.4710 d9 = 5.000Or. = (1) d,. = 13.000O r,, =-98,0103 n8 = 1.51680 na; 1 1680 = 64.14 = 64.14 = 44.0004 rIt = 56.2382 d, 2 = 4.5110 n8 = 1. 51633 264.15 rIt = -15,4029 14 rIt d+3 =2.0000 = -29,6340 d,, =25.6200 =■(Aperture) d+ s = 25. [)200 = 29.6340 d,, =2.0000 =15.4029 ns”1 4950 111J = 1.74950 = 35.27, =35.27 d,, =4.5110 = 1.51633 si,, =64.15 19 "20 rz+ =-56,2382 d,, =40.9500 = 51.1534 d, 9 =22.3000 =-51,1534 d2゜ = 40.9500 = 56.2382 12 = 1. 51680 2:6.4.14 d21 = 4.5110 n+s = 1.5
1633 1J+s=64.1r2. ”-15,40
29 dxa = 2.000On+4 = 1.74950
shi, 4:35.2rzs = -29,6340 dat = 51.240O rza = 29.6340 dt4 ”2.000On,, = 1.74950
v,, = 35.2rzs = 15.402
9 dzs = 4.5110 r++s = 1.51
633 shi+a=64.1r,, =-56,23
82 d,, =73.8203 ray =57.4060 dat = 1. QOOOnet = 1.805
18 17+t= 25.4r2g ” 16.32
50 d, a = 4.5000 n+a = 1.6
6998 ν+a= 39.2r2. ”-21,
9620 Aspheric coefficient P=-10-0000, E=0.70425 xlO-
"F=-0,77432xlO-', G=O,1
4068xlO-'L =-0,87328x 10-
”IR,/fl=0.427.

CoSω+−Cosωa, sh+/Imax == 0.477 IRminl/f==0.427 tanω+ = [1,833 Example 29 f =4.364, 2(,1=80.0″″I
H = 1.684, object distance = 50r, = 5.793
4 d, = 1.0000 14. = 1.78471r
, = 1.7137 (Aspherical surface) (K+-Ko, s)/Ka, 5l = = 0.153 f27f = 1.709 tanα = 0.3345 d/Imax = 4.45 0.120 F15.59 ν1 = 25.71 d, = 1.2000 rs= ■ d3= 6.7000 r4=O0 d4= 8.0000 "6:-7,0241 n2=1.80610 n, = 1.80610 ν2 υ3 =, 40.95 = 40.95 d = 2.0000 ra = 9.4781 d, = 5.0000 n4 = = 1.51633 ν4 = 64.15 r7 = -6,0129 d? = 1.5000 ns'18466G = 23. 78 r, = -95,6255 da = 3.0000 re = 28.7313 d, = 5.0000 n, = = 1.51633 = 64.15 r, 0 = o.

d,, =13.0O00 rl1 =-40,9980 d,, =44.0000 r1□ = 34.0398 d1□ = 4.5110 r,, ==-14,1661 d, = 2.0000 fi, = 1.7495Or
+4 = -34,5603 d, 4 = 25.6200 r,, :OO (aperture) d, s = 25.6200 rla "34.5603 d,, = 2.0000 = 1.74950 na = 1.51633 na=1.51112 +110 =64.15 = 60.48 =35.27 shi+o":15°27 rlt=14.1661 d+t=4.5110 r+a=-34,0398 dla=40.9500 r,=55 .5131 dB =22.3QOOnB r,o =-55,5131 d,. = 40.9500 ra+=34°0398 dH=4.5110 n+3 r*z =-14,1661 d2□ ==2.0000 ras =-34,5603 d2. =51.2400 r,, = 34.5603 d,, =2.0000 r,, = 14.1661 dzs = 4.511On, a = 1.511
12 = 1.51112 = 1.51633 = 1.51112 = 1.74950 = 1.74950 11 n+a n+6 z=611.48 shi,, =64 shi13=60.48 shi,, =35.27 shi+5 =35.27 shi+5=60.48 ff18=-34,0398 rl,-==1 r,,=57.4060 d2. =1.0000 rzll = 16.3250 d28 =4.5000 ra-"-21-9620 et = 1.80518 nea" 1.66998 ci,, = 25.43 ν+s"39.27 Aspheric coefficient P = 0. 4234, E = -0,200
21x 10-”F =-0,35366x 10-' R,/fl=0.392, 1fK,-,,,)/
,,5l=O,015cosω+−CO3Ldo,s
l = 0.089h, /Imax = 0.474
, f, /f= 1.652Rminl/f=
0.392, d/Imax=4.58
Example 30 f=4.370, 2ω=79.9'I H=1
．． 683, object distance = 50, F15.59r
+=7.0000 d, =1.0O00n, =1.78471 v,
=25-71r, = 1.8724 (aspherical surface) d, = 1.2000 rs= ■ d, = 6.700O r<= ■ d4= 8.0000 rs=-7,1300 ds'=2.000° r, = 9.1560 d, = 5.0000 rt = -6,0310 d, = 1.5000 re"-95,7310 da" 3.000O r, = 29.4330 r+z = 180610 n, = 1.80610 114 = 1.51633 Ql: 1.84666 = 40.95 = 40 = 64.15 = 23.78 d, = 5.0000 ne: 1, 51633 = 64 r+ r+z r+s d, o = 12.9381 = -40 ,9980 d,, =44.0OOO : 31.9122 dl2 =4.5110 =-13,6341 n-= 1.51633 11, = 1.51602 =64.15 = 56.80 r1θ r+e za rat d,, =2.0000 = -35,8745 d,, =25.6200 =oo (aperture) dos =25.6200 = 35.8745 d,, =2.0O00 = 13.6341 dl, =4.5110 = -31 ,9122 d,, =40.9500 50.9974 d,, =22.3000 = -50,9974 d,. = 40.9500 = 31.9122 ns = 1.74950 ne.

= 1.74950 n+1 = 1.51602 = 1.51633 = 35.27 Shi,. =35.27 +=ss, g.

C,, = 64.15 d2+ =4.5110 13 = 1.51602 C,, = 56.80 = -13,6341 d2□ = 2.0000 = 1.74950 4 = 35.27 rz3 = -35,8745 d++s = 51.2400 rz- = 35.8745 da4 = 2.0000 n's = 1.7
4950rzs = 13.6341 dis = 4.5110 nl- = 1.51
602rag = -31,9122 s"35.27 1 no,, = 56.80 dxa = 72.9351 rat = 57.4060 d,, = 1.000On,, = 1.805
18 v, 7 = 25.43 rig = 16.
3250 d,, = 4.500f) n,, ” 1
．． 66998 v,, = 39.27r,, =
-21,91320 Aspheric coefficient P = 1.0000, E = -0,12829
x 10-'F =-0,61773x to-'',
G =-0,20560x 10-'R1/fl=
0.428, l (K+-Ko, 0. to sl/
sl=0.004CO9IJ+-CO3ido,
s = 0.080h, /Imax = 0.486
, f, /f = 1.649IRminl/f =
0.428, d/Imax = 4.60 Example 31 f=4.323, 2ω=ao, o@IH=1
．． 721, object distance=50rl=7. oo00 (Aspherical surface) dl= 1.0000 Old: 1.78471r
t = 1, 8392 (aspherical surface) dam 1.20
00 rx= ■ dam6.700o n□= 1.80610r
4= (1) d4=8.0000 na= 1.80610r
s"-7,1300 dam2.0000 ra=9.1560 d, = 5.000On, = 1.51633r? knee 5. mouth 310 d7 = 1.5000 ns = 1.84666
r, = -95,7310 d, = 3.0QQQ rs = 29.4330 d- = 5.0000 na = 1.51633F
15.69 = 25.71 = 40.95: 40.9'1 = 64.15 = 23.78 = 64.15 rh.

d, o = 13.0282 Q, = 1.51633 = 64.15 II = −40,9980 Ti l1 ko d++ = 44.0000 = 37.6000 1Lz = 4.5110 = −14,9830 (16:1.51009 =63.46 dos = 2.0000 Q:: 1.74950 =35.27 r,,=-33,7510 ls l6 rl? rha dl,=25.6200 =Cx3 (aperture) dos = 25.6200 =33.7510 dos　　　2.0QOO = 14.9830 dly = 4.5110 = −37,6000 ne.

= 1.74950 = 1.51009 o=35.27 = 63.46 d,,=40.9500 rll+ = 55.0600 d.

= 22.3000 et = 1.51633 1□ = 64.15 2a l2+ tz = -55,0600 d,, = 40.9500 = 37.60 ro d2. =4.5110 = -14,9830 = 1.51009 νIs = 63.46 daz =2.0000 = 1.74950 ν, =35 rws = -33,7510 d,, =51.2400 l24 = 33.7510 d ,, =2.0000 rzs = 14.9830 d,, =4.5110 rza =-37,6000 dam =73.0000 l2y = 57.4060 dz7 =1.0000 r,, = 16.3250 d, B = 4.500O l2. =-21,9620 Aspherical coefficient I6 = 1.74950 = 1.51009 = 1.80518 = 1.66998 Shi, 5 = 35.27 Shi + a = 63.46 Shi1 = 25.43 Shi, , = 39 .27 (first side) P = 1.0000 E = 0.53146
x 1O-2F = -0,61228x 10-',
G = -0,48942x to-' (second surface) P = 1.0000 E = 0.61486
x 10-”F = 0.37818 x to-5G
= 0.11647 x 10-”Rdfl=0.
425, l (K, -Ko, sl/Ko, sl
= 0.0621 C08LLI 1-CO3ωQ,%
l = 0.155h, /Imax = 0.496
, fa/f=1.667Rmin/f=0.
425, tana=0.3563tanω+
”0.839, d/Imax=
4.58 However, rl+ rl-... is the radius of curvature of each lens surface, dl, d2. ... is the wall thickness and air gap of each lens, n + +n2. ... is the refractive index of each lens,
C, C2. ... is the Atsube number of each lens.

Among the above embodiments, Examples 1 to 20 have lens configurations as shown in FIGS. 8 to 27, respectively, with a first group having a negative effect and a second group having a positive effect. It is composed of. It is a retrofocus type objective lens characterized by providing an aspherical surface on the surface facing the object side of the lens having a negative effect on the object side than the aperture.

Also, between the surface of the second group that is closest to the object side and has a positive refractive power, and the surface of the first group that is closest to the image side and has a negative refractive power, there is a field of view in the longitudinal direction of the endoscope. It has a glass path length sufficient to provide a viewing direction conversion prism for conversion.

Embodiment 1 has the configuration shown in FIG. 8, in which the first group is a cemented lens, and both lenses are made of materials with different Abbe numbers, thereby satisfactorily correcting chromatic aberration. Among these lenses, the object-side lens that includes an aspherical surface is
If the cloth on the image side is flat and the lens is molded instead of polished, there will be fewer obstacles in machining the aspherical lens because one side is flat.

The aspheric surface of this lens reduces negative distortion, while the negative curvature of field that occurs here is canceled out by the positive curvature of field that occurs on the concave surface facing the object included in the second group. Furthermore, this positive field curvature can also cancel the negative field curvature generated in the relay system. Therefore, the objective lens of this embodiment has a positive field curvature as shown in FIG.

Example 2 has the configuration shown in FIG. 9, and is different from Example 1 in that the negative meniscus lens in the first group is a single lens, and the cemented lens in the second group is separated into two lenses. It's different.

When an endoscope has a narrow tip and is provided with a viewing direction converting prism, it is not preferable to use a thick cemented lens. Furthermore, even if the lens is made thinner, processing and bonding operations are troublesome, so a single lens is preferable.

The 20th effect of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, but by separating the cemented lens, the number of surfaces increases, and the curvature of the concave surface facing the object side can be weakened. Therefore, since the angle of the light ray refracted here becomes small, the amount of comatic aberration generated can be reduced. Furthermore, distortion of various aberrations due to eccentricity of the lens is also reduced, which is preferable.

Examples 3 to 5 have the configurations shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, respectively, and the aspheric surfaces L/, Z of the first group. The material is different from that of the second embodiment. Further, in these actual Fa examples, the thickness of the aspherical lens in the optical axis direction is different. As mentioned above, when an aspherical lens is made by molding instead of polishing, conditions such as molding temperature vary depending on the material, so it is possible to reduce processing obstacles by appropriately selecting the material. For example, it would be preferable to have an example using aspherical lenses made of different materials, such as Example 2 and this example, since it would enable selection of an appropriate material. In addition, by changing the thickness of the aspherical lens and increasing the outer diameter within an allowable range, it is possible to reduce processing problems caused by the small outer diameter during molding9. If it is made larger, the thickness of the outer peripheral edge of the lens becomes smaller, which becomes an obstacle in processing.

Examples 6 to 1O have the configurations shown in FIGS. 13 to 17, respectively, but have different viewing angles and distortion aberration correction amounts, and are also different from Example 1.

Among these examples, Example 6.7 has an angle of view of 70" and is the same as Example 1, but the distortion around the image is changed from -4.5% to -10% and -0.5%, respectively. Changing the amount of correction for distortion aberration in this way is useful when the shape of the subject is not only flat, but also uneven, such as a slight spherical surface, by adjusting the intermediate image height and surrounding images as necessary. This is effective because it can remove distortion, etc.

Further, in Examples 8 to 1O, the angle of view is 90°, and the amount of distortion correction is different. These embodiments are effective because the wide angle allows a wide range of objects to be observed without distortion.

Embodiments 11 and 12 have the structures shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, respectively, and the 10th part is a single nons as in Embodiment 2, but the difference is that the second part is joined. As mentioned in the explanation of Embodiment 2, unless there is a large amount of I1i difference due to comatic aberration or eccentricity on the concave surface facing the object side, if a cemented lens is used, the spacing ring between the lenses can be reduced. This is effective because it becomes unnecessary and the number of parts can be reduced.

Furthermore, the twelfth embodiment is effective because it has a longer overall length than the eleventh embodiment, and the length of the tip of the rigid endoscope can be freely selected.

Embodiment 13 has the configuration shown in FIG. 20, and differs from Embodiment 2 in that distortion is corrected to -0.5% around the image.

Embodiment 14 has the configuration shown in FIG. 21.

The configuration is similar to that of Examples 11 and 12. However, the difference is that the distortion aberration around the image is -10%.

Example 15 has the configuration shown in FIG. 22, and differs from Example 2 in that the distortion around the image is 110%. In addition, the field curvature is smaller than in other embodiments, and an image guide and a solid-state image pickup device can be provided on the image plane, which is effective because it can be used for various purposes.

Example 16 has the configuration shown in FIG. 23. This example differs from Example 1112 in that the viewing angle is 40°.

Examples 17 and 18 have the configurations shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, respectively, and the aspheric coefficients that determine the aspheric shape are 4th and 6th order, respectively.
This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it is designed using only the following coefficients. In this way, if the aspherical shape is designed by selecting only one of the coefficients of the 4th, 6th, 8th, etc., it will be easier to calculate when considering the shape of the aspherical surface during design, and the shape This is preferable because it is easy to judge, and it is also easy to design and form a mold during molding.

Examples 19 and 20 are shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, respectively, and are provided with three-time and five-time relay systems, respectively, to the objective lens of Example 1.2.

As in these examples, the number of relays by the relay system is 3.
, 5.7, 11. ...By selecting and transmitting images, it is possible to obtain a rigid scope with the required length and brightness. Here, a gradient index lens may be used as the relay system.

In each of the embodiments of the present invention described above, the optical path length between the first group and the second group is set sufficiently long, and a viewing direction converting prism can be placed here.
, (Bl, When used for side viewing, strabismus, or rear viewing as shown in (C), the first group may be arranged in front of the visual field direction conversion prism, and the second group may be arranged behind it.

If you use such an objective lens for strabismus or backward viewing, you will not be able to see what you want to observe in the center of your field of view with a direct viewing endoscope such as a rigid endoscope, which has a hard rod-like shape and cannot bend its tip. Even if the object is in a blind spot or in a blind spot, it is convenient because it can be observed using an objective lens such as the above-mentioned oblique lens.

Furthermore, in Examples 2.1 to 31, the endoscope objective lens of the present invention is used to transmit an image obtained by the objective lens to the rear using a relay lens, and transmit the transmitted image to the eyepiece lens. This is an example of a rigid endoscope used for magnified observation. The endoscope objective lenses of these embodiments each include a first group consisting of one lens having a negative refractive effect and a second group having a positive refractive effect. In Examples 21 to 28, this single lens having a negative refractive effect has an aspherical surface facing toward the object side. In addition, in the second example, Example 30, the surface facing the image side of the single lens having the negative refraction effect has an aspherical shape, and in Example 31, the surface facing the object side and the image side have an aspherical shape. Both side facing surfaces have an aspherical shape.

Moreover, in all of the above-mentioned Examples 21 to 31, the distance d between the first group and the second group satisfies the condition (8), and the prism for converting the viewing direction as shown in FIGS. 4 and 71 is used. It is possible to place Further, the number of times the image is transmitted by the relay lens used in these embodiments may be any number of times, and the number of times the image is transmitted is tc9. By selecting , you can obtain a rigid endoscope of the required length.

Furthermore, the objective lens of the present invention can be used not only for rigid endoscopes but also for fiberscopes with an image guide provided on the objective lens image plane as shown in Fig. 71 fA) and solid-state image sensors as shown in Fig. 71 (Bl). It can be used as a video scope.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the endoscope objective lens of the present invention, although the viewing angle is large, distortion aberration is sufficiently well corrected and a good image with little loss of light amount at the periphery of the screen can be obtained. You can get it.

4. Brief explanation of the drawings Figure 1 shows the basic configuration of the objective lens of the present invention, Figure 2 shows the basic structure of the objective lens of the present invention.
The figure shows the relationship between the aspherical surface used in the objective lens of the present invention and the principal ray, Figure 3 shows the appearance of an image depending on the shape of the aspherical surface, and Figure 4 shows the objective lens of the present invention when the objective lens of the present invention is hardened. FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views showing an example of use in a mirror; FIGS. 5 and 6 are views showing the state of refraction of the principal ray at the maximum image height by an aspheric surface in the objective lens of the present invention; and FIG. 8 to 38 are cross-sectional views of Examples 1 to 3i of the present invention, respectively, and FIGS. 39 to 69 are aberration curves of Examples 1 to 31, respectively. Figures 70 to 7
Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional endoscope objective lens.
Figure 4 is an aberration curve diagram of the conventional example shown in Figure 75, Figure 75 is a diagram showing the relationship between the inclination angle of the principal ray of the conventional endoscope objective lens and the amount of aberration, and Figure 76 is the diagram of the conventional endoscope objective lens. Figure 77 shows the refraction of the principal ray in the mirror objective lens, Figure 78 shows the refraction of the principal ray in the camera lens, and Figures 78 and 79 show how the image is viewed due to distortion of the endoscope objective lens. It is a diagram.

Applicant: Olympus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. Agent Hiroshi Mukai 1st figure Second figure (A) (B) Third figure Fourth figure Figure 70 Figure 71 Figure 75 θs I θ' Figure 76

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) Consisting of a first group having a negative refractive power and a second group having a positive refractive power in order from the object side, the first group is a unit facing the image side that satisfies the following condition (1). has two concave surfaces,
An endoscope objective lens, wherein one surface is an aspheric surface that satisfies the following condition (2) for 50% or more of the effective area determined by the light beam at the maximum image height. (1) |R_1|≦3f (2) | (K_1-K_0_._5)/K_0_. ＿５
|<|cosω_1−cosω_0_. ＿５｜However, R
_1 is the radius of curvature of the concave surface, f is the focal length of the entire system, ω_
1, ω_0_. _5 are image height I and maximum image height 1, respectively
Viewing angle at image height of /2, K_1, K_0_. _5 is K=sin θ_2/tan θ_1 (θ_1 is the angle between the optical axis of the principal ray incident from the object side on the aspherical surface closest to the object side, and θ_2 is the angle that the principal ray is refracted by the aspherical surface closest to the image side. The image height is I, and the value of K is at an image height of 1/2 of the maximum image height. (2) The endoscope objective lens according to claim (1), which satisfies the following conditions (3), (4), and (5). (3) h_1/Imax≦2 (4) f≦f_2≦10f (5) |Rmin|≦1.5f where h_1 is the maximum chief ray height determined from the maximum image height on the surface closest to the object of the first group, Imax is the maximum image height of the image by the objective lens, and Rmin is the The minimum radius of curvature of the concave surfaces including the aspherical surfaces facing the image side of the first group, f
_2 is the focal length of the second group.