JPH0339493A - Water electrolyzing equipment - Google Patents
Water electrolyzing equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0339493A JPH0339493A JP1174208A JP17420889A JPH0339493A JP H0339493 A JPH0339493 A JP H0339493A JP 1174208 A JP1174208 A JP 1174208A JP 17420889 A JP17420889 A JP 17420889A JP H0339493 A JPH0339493 A JP H0339493A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- water
- grooves
- separators
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、固体高分子電解質膜を用いる水電解装置に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a water electrolysis device using a solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
（従来の技術）
従来、イオン交換樹脂や液体電解質を吸蔵する電解質膜
の両面に疎水性ガス拡散電極を接合したガス燃料電池に
おいて、該電極に通電することにより水電解を行うこと
は、特公昭４０−６１２７号公報などに記載され公知で
ある。(Prior art) Conventionally, in a gas fuel cell in which hydrophobic gas diffusion electrodes are bonded to both sides of an electrolyte membrane that occludes an ion exchange resin or a liquid electrolyte, water electrolysis by supplying electricity to the electrodes has been proposed in the Japanese Patent Publication No. It is described in Japanese Patent No. 40-6127 and the like and is well known.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
この種の燃料電池では、電極と電解質との接触面で主に
電解反応が進行し、生成する水素と酸素はガス拡散電極
を透過して電極背面より回収するため、ガス拡散電極は
疎水性の細孔を有している。この細孔を親水性にすると
、細孔内に水が凝縮し易く、水により細孔が塞がれると
、生成ガスの拡散を妨げて電解反応を阻害する。(Problem to be solved by the invention) In this type of fuel cell, the electrolytic reaction mainly proceeds at the contact surface between the electrode and the electrolyte, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen pass through the gas diffusion electrode and are recovered from the back of the electrode. Therefore, the gas diffusion electrode has hydrophobic pores. When the pores are made hydrophilic, water tends to condense within the pores, and when the pores are blocked by water, the diffusion of the generated gas is hindered and the electrolytic reaction is inhibited.
ガス拡散電極を用いる燃料電池では、電極が疎水性であ
るところから、イオン交換樹脂などの電解質膜に水分を
供給すること及び水電解のために電極と電解質膜の接触
面に水を供給することが難しい。それ故、上記燃料電池
では、系外から電解質に水を供給する手段を持たず、電
解質内に保有する水で電解を行うに過ぎず、その水を消
費した後は電解反応を持続することはできない。また、
固体高分子電解質膜を用いるときには、護膜が乾燥する
と電極との接合面が剥離して電解反応を妨げるなどの問
題があった。In fuel cells that use gas diffusion electrodes, since the electrodes are hydrophobic, it is necessary to supply water to the electrolyte membrane, such as ion exchange resin, and to the contact surface between the electrode and the electrolyte membrane for water electrolysis. is difficult. Therefore, the above fuel cell does not have a means to supply water to the electrolyte from outside the system, and only performs electrolysis using the water held in the electrolyte, and after the water is consumed, the electrolytic reaction cannot be continued. Can not. Also,
When using a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, there is a problem in that when the protective membrane dries, the bonding surface with the electrode peels off, hindering the electrolytic reaction.
本発明は、固体高分子電解質膜の両面に疎水性のガス拡
散電極を接合した電気化学セルを用いる水電解装置にお
いて、上記の問題点を解消し、電解質膜に容易に水分を
供給することができ、連続して水電解を行うことのでき
る装置を提供しようとするものである。The present invention solves the above problems in a water electrolysis device using an electrochemical cell in which hydrophobic gas diffusion electrodes are bonded to both sides of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and makes it possible to easily supply water to the electrolyte membrane. The present invention aims to provide an apparatus that can perform water electrolysis continuously.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明は、固体高分子電解質膜の両面にガス拡散電極を
接合した水電解装置において、ガス回収溝を設けた導電
性がスセパレータを上記電極の背面に密着させ、該ガス
セパレータから導線を引き出して電源と接続するととも
に、上記電極は上記電解質膜と接する側の親水性反応層
とガスセパレータ側の疎水性ガス拡散層とを有し、上記
ガスセパレータにはガス回収溝の間に水又は水蒸気の供
給湯を設けたことを特徴とする水電解装置である。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a water electrolysis device in which gas diffusion electrodes are bonded to both sides of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, in which a conductive separator provided with gas recovery grooves is tightly attached to the back surface of the electrode. The electrode has a hydrophilic reaction layer on the side in contact with the electrolyte membrane and a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer on the gas separator side. This water electrolysis device is characterized in that a supply of water or steam is provided between the gas recovery grooves.
なお、固体高分子電解質膜としては、イオン交換基を導
入したパーフルオロカーボン樹脂などの膜を用いること
ができる。また、ガス拡散電極としては、白金族金属又
はその酸化物粉末、疎水性カーボンブラック、親水性カ
ーボンブラック及びポリ四フブ化エチレンよりなる親水
性反応層と、疎水性カーボンブラック及びポリ四フッ化
エチレンよりなる疎水性ガス拡散層とを有する電極など
を用いることができる。この杆の電極の製造法は、例え
ば特開昭６２−２０８５５３号公報に記載されている。Note that as the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane made of perfluorocarbon resin or the like into which ion exchange groups have been introduced can be used. In addition, as a gas diffusion electrode, a hydrophilic reaction layer consisting of platinum group metal or its oxide powder, hydrophobic carbon black, hydrophilic carbon black, and polytetrafluoroethylene, and a hydrophilic reaction layer consisting of hydrophobic carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene An electrode having a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer consisting of the following can be used. A method of manufacturing this rod electrode is described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-208553.
ガスセパレータはカーボンや真ちゅうなどの金属で作る
ことができ、深さと幅が！■程度の溝を有する。そして
、上記のガス拡散電極は上記固体高分子電解質膜の両面
に重ね、ホットプレスで両者を融着し、さらに、ガスセ
パレータを重ねて密着させ、電気化学セルを形成するこ
とができる。Gas separators can be made of carbon or metals such as brass, and can be made in various depths and widths! It has a groove of about ■. Then, the above gas diffusion electrodes are stacked on both sides of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and the two are fused together by hot pressing, and further, a gas separator is stacked and brought into close contact to form an electrochemical cell.
（作用）
第１図は、本発明の１具体例である固体高分子電解質型
水電解装置の概念図である。この装置は、湿潤させた固
体高分子電解質１１Ｑ１を伸長状態に維持し、ガス拡散
性の陽極２と陰極３で挟み、ホットプレスで融着し、さ
らに、陽極側ガスセパレータ６及び陰極側ガスセパレー
タ７を密着させたものである。陽極及び陰極はともに親
水性反応層４と疎水性ガス拡散層５とを有し、陽極側ガ
スセパレータ６には酸素ガス回収溝７の間に水供給溝８
を設け、陰極側ガスセパレータ９には水素ガス回収Ｒ１
０及び水供給ｊＲＩ １を設けたものである。そして、
ガスセパレータはいずれも導電性材料で作成したもので
あり、該ガスセパレータから導線を引き出して電源と接
続する。(Function) FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a solid polymer electrolyte type water electrolysis device that is a specific example of the present invention. This device maintains a moistened solid polymer electrolyte 11Q1 in an elongated state, sandwiches it between a gas-diffusing anode 2 and a cathode 3, fuses it with a hot press, and then connects a gas separator 6 on the anode side and a gas separator 6 on the cathode side. 7 in close contact. Both the anode and the cathode have a hydrophilic reaction layer 4 and a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer 5, and the anode side gas separator 6 has a water supply groove 8 between the oxygen gas recovery grooves 7.
A hydrogen gas recovery R1 is provided in the cathode side gas separator 9.
0 and water supply jRI 1. and,
All the gas separators are made of a conductive material, and a conductive wire is drawn out from the gas separator and connected to a power source.
まず、両ガスセパレータ６及び９の水供給ｆＭ ８及び
ＩＩに水若しくは水蒸気を導入し、該清白のａ度に対応
した水蒸気圧により、電極の疎水性ガス拡散層を介して
親水性反応層及び固体高分子電解質膜電極に所定の水分
を補給し、次いで、膜電極を電源と接続して通電するこ
とにより、水電解を開始し、それぞれのがスセパレータ
のガス回収清まり酸素ガス及び水素ガスを回収する。回
収ガスの圧力が、水供給溝の水蒸気ＩＩより高くなると
、水供給溝に回収ガスが混入するので、水供給溝の水蒸
気圧は常に回収ガス圧より高く保持すればよい。また、
高い圧力でガスを回収するためには、それに勝る水蒸気
圧を水供給溝に確保する必要がある。かかる水蒸気圧を
確保するために、水供給冴に供給する水若しくは水蒸気
の温度や圧力を予め系外で調整するか、水電解装置自体
に温度調節装置を付設することもできる。また、本発明
の水電解装置は、同体高分子電解質膜、電極及びガスセ
パレータを積層したセル構造をしているので、該セルを
さらに積層したり適当に組み合わせることにより、容易
に所望の能力を確保することができる。First, water or water vapor is introduced into the water supplies fM 8 and II of both gas separators 6 and 9, and the water vapor pressure corresponding to the a degree of the water passes through the hydrophobic gas diffusion layer of the electrode to the hydrophilic reaction layer and By replenishing the solid polymer electrolyte membrane electrode with a predetermined amount of water, and then connecting the membrane electrode to a power source and energizing it, water electrolysis is started, and each gas is recovered from the separator to collect purified oxygen gas and hydrogen gas. Collect. If the pressure of the recovered gas becomes higher than the water vapor II in the water supply groove, the recovered gas will be mixed into the water supply groove, so the water vapor pressure in the water supply groove should always be maintained higher than the recovered gas pressure. Also,
In order to recover gas at a high pressure, it is necessary to ensure a water vapor pressure in the water supply groove that exceeds the pressure. In order to ensure such water vapor pressure, the temperature and pressure of water or water vapor supplied to the water supply unit may be adjusted in advance outside the system, or a temperature control device may be attached to the water electrolysis device itself. Furthermore, since the water electrolysis device of the present invention has a cell structure in which a homogeneous polymer electrolyte membrane, an electrode, and a gas separator are laminated, desired performance can be easily achieved by further laminating or appropriately combining the cells. can be secured.
なお、この水電解装置のガス開成溝に、燃料電池の原料
ガスを供給することにより、発電することが可能であり
、その際にも、水供給溝から水蒸気を親水性反応層及び
固体高分子電解質膜に供給することができる。このよう
に、本発明の水電解装置は、余剰の電力が存在する場合
には水電解により酸素ガスと水素ガスを発生させ、これ
を貯蔵することができ、また、・電力を必要とするとき
には貯蔵された酸素ガスと水素ガスを用いて発電するこ
とができるので、電気貯蔵装置としての機能も備えてい
る。In addition, it is possible to generate electricity by supplying the raw material gas of the fuel cell to the gas opening groove of this water electrolysis device, and in this case, water vapor is transferred from the water supply groove to the hydrophilic reaction layer and the solid polymer. It can be supplied to the electrolyte membrane. As described above, the water electrolysis device of the present invention can generate oxygen gas and hydrogen gas by water electrolysis and store them when there is surplus electricity; Since it can generate electricity using stored oxygen and hydrogen gas, it also functions as an electricity storage device.
（発明の効果）
本発明は、上記の構成を採用することによって、固体高
分子電解質型水電解装置の電解質膜に一定の含水率を付
与することができ、定常的に水電解を継続することがで
きるようになった。(Effects of the Invention) By adopting the above configuration, the present invention can provide a constant water content to the electrolyte membrane of a solid polymer electrolyte type water electrolysis device, and can continue water electrolysis on a steady basis. Now you can.
第１図は本発明の１具体例である固体高分子電解質型水
電解装置の概念図である。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a solid polymer electrolyte type water electrolysis device which is a specific example of the present invention.
Claims (1)
電解装置において、ガス回収溝を設けた導電性ガスセパ
レータを上記電極の背面に密着させ、該ガスセパレータ
から導線を引き出して電源と接続するとともに、上記電
極は上記電解質膜と接する側の親水性反応層とガスセパ
レータ側の疎水性ガス拡散層とを有し、上記ガスセパレ
ータにはガス回収溝の間に水又は水蒸気の供給溝を設け
たことを特徴とする水電解装置。In a water electrolysis device in which gas diffusion electrodes are bonded to both sides of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a conductive gas separator provided with a gas recovery groove is brought into close contact with the back surface of the electrode, and a conductive wire is drawn out from the gas separator and connected to a power source. In addition, the electrode has a hydrophilic reaction layer on the side in contact with the electrolyte membrane and a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer on the gas separator side, and the gas separator is provided with a water or water vapor supply groove between the gas recovery grooves. A water electrolysis device characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1174208A JP2706320B2 (en) | 1989-07-07 | 1989-07-07 | Water electrolysis device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1174208A JP2706320B2 (en) | 1989-07-07 | 1989-07-07 | Water electrolysis device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0339493A true JPH0339493A (en) | 1991-02-20 |
| JP2706320B2 JP2706320B2 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
Family
ID=15974616
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1174208A Expired - Fee Related JP2706320B2 (en) | 1989-07-07 | 1989-07-07 | Water electrolysis device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2706320B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5401371A (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1995-03-28 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen generator |
| JP2007117403A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Iris Ohyama Inc | Chest |
| RU2623437C1 (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-06-26 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Завод электрохимических преобразователей" (ООО "ЗЭП") | Electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water |
| RU2647841C2 (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2018-03-21 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королёва (ПАО "РКК "Энергия") | Water electrolyser and operation method thereof |
| WO2019008799A1 (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社Ihi | Hydrogen–oxygen reaction device |
| JP2021008369A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-28 | 旭化成株式会社 | Carbon foam |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59133386A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1984-07-31 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Manufacture of gas diffusing electrode |
| JPS62208553A (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-12 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Gas diffusion electrode and its manufacture |
| JPS63211573A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1988-09-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid electrolyte fuel battery |
| JPS63317689A (en) * | 1987-06-19 | 1988-12-26 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Electrolysis device |
-
1989
- 1989-07-07 JP JP1174208A patent/JP2706320B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59133386A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1984-07-31 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Manufacture of gas diffusing electrode |
| JPS62208553A (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-12 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Gas diffusion electrode and its manufacture |
| JPS63211573A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1988-09-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid electrolyte fuel battery |
| JPS63317689A (en) * | 1987-06-19 | 1988-12-26 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Electrolysis device |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5401371A (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1995-03-28 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen generator |
| JP2007117403A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Iris Ohyama Inc | Chest |
| RU2647841C2 (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2018-03-21 | Публичное акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королёва (ПАО "РКК "Энергия") | Water electrolyser and operation method thereof |
| RU2623437C1 (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-06-26 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Завод электрохимических преобразователей" (ООО "ЗЭП") | Electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water |
| WO2019008799A1 (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社Ihi | Hydrogen–oxygen reaction device |
| US10801116B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2020-10-13 | Ihi Corporation | Hydrogen-oxygen reaction device |
| JP2021008369A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-28 | 旭化成株式会社 | Carbon foam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2706320B2 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
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