JPH0337625B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for forming a protective pressing layer of a waterproof layer.

Conventionally, cement or concrete mortar was poured directly onto the top surface of a waterproof layer applied to a concrete subsurface such as the roof of a concrete building, or through a heat insulating layer applied to the top surface, dried and solidified, and bonded to the surface of the waterproof layer. Generally, a protective layer with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm is formed to allow people to walk on and use rooftops.

However, such a protective retaining layer expands and stretches during the summer, and especially when installed on a rooftop, there is a risk that it will press against the waterproof layer on the rising portion of the side wall and cause damage. Furthermore, cement or concrete mortar tends to expand and contract due to temperature differences and cracks may occur, which may damage the waterproof layer integrally formed with the cement or concrete mortar. In order to eliminate such defects, usually 3~
A method of forming a protective pressure layer of a waterproof layer that prevents the above-mentioned disadvantages by providing a purpose at intervals of 4 m and loading an elastic joint material such as foamed plastic into the joints has been carried out. To describe this conventional formation method in detail, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, a waterproof layer b such as asphalt roofing applied on the upper surface of a concrete base a is coated with a waterproof layer b as shown in Fig. 2. In the case shown in the third figure, when forming the protective pressing layer d via the heat insulating material c polymerized and adhered to the upper surface, a predetermined amount is applied to each upper surface in advance before forming the layer d. A long elastic joint material e is erected through a mortar f for fixing the joint material applied over the upper surface of the waterproof layer b or the insulation material c and the base of the joint material e and along the length direction of the joint material e. Fixed in state. Through the work of fixing joint materials e, a large number of joint materials e are arranged in a grid pattern vertically and horizontally as shown in Figure 1, and separated by such vertical and horizontal grid-like joint materials e, e... After forming a large number of rectangular recessed spaces for filling with cement or concrete mortar, cement or concrete mortar is injected into each recessed space up to the height of the joint materials e, e, and dried and solidified. A large number of protective layers are formed through the joint material e, and in FIG. 2, the joint material e is
The upper surface is coated with a waterproof coating material such as asphalt, and the construction is completed. In FIG. 3, instead of using the seal as a waterproof material, a long waterproof joint cap g' having a U-shaped cross section is fitted onto the upper surface of the long joint material e, as a sealing material.
In this case, in order to further maintain this state, it is recommended that each joint material e is fixed at a predetermined interval in the length direction by a pair of support columns h and h supporting it from both sides with mortar f for fixing it. It is necessary to exist and carry out the following.

In this way, in order to form the protective layer of the waterproof layer, it is extremely troublesome and takes a long time to form sections of the recessed space for mortar injection using joint material before the mortar is injected and filled. Not only is it inefficient, but when repairing or replacing the waterproof layer, it is necessary to destroy and remove the mortar protective layer, which is a tedious and inefficient process, and the removal site is replaced by new concrete or cement. Mortar injection and filling is required, and the protective pressing layer cannot be reused as it is, resulting in disadvantages such as being uneconomical.
Destruction and removal of the above-mentioned protective pressure layer is extremely troublesome, especially on rooftops in urban areas.

The present invention eliminates the inconveniences of the conventional methods, allows the formation of a protective layer for a waterproof layer easily and quickly, and allows the protective layer to be quickly removed without destroying the protective layer when repairing or replacing the waterproof layer. This method provides a method for forming a protective layer for a waterproof layer that can be obtained and reused as is, and can be applied directly to or on the top surface of a waterproof layer applied to a concrete subsurface. A large number of open boxes are purposefully laid out with material layers interposed between them, flexible joint filler is loaded into the joints, and each open box is filled with cement or concrete mortar, which is dried and solidified to form each protective layer. It is characterized by the formation of Furthermore, in the conventional method,
Joint material e, waterproof coating material g waterproof joint cap
Gaps are likely to form between each of g' and the protective holding layer d, and rainwater enters through these gaps and is accompanied by the strong alkalinity of the concrete mortar. The material layer c etc. are deteriorated, resulting in disadvantages such as impairing its durability.

In addition to achieving the above objectives, the present invention further prevents alkaline water from reaching the insulation material and waterproof layer surface and deteriorating them, and maintains the good properties of the insulation material and waterproof layer over a long period of time. This method provides a method for forming a protective layer for a waterproof layer, in which a waterproof layer is formed on a concrete base surface, and a large number of Open box bodies are laid out with joints in between, and a synthetic resin foam joint material is loaded in the joints, and a waterproof material with a U-shaped cross section is formed across the top surface of the joint material and the upper edge of the side walls of the box bodies on both sides. After the caps are fitted, each open box body is filled with cement or concrete mortar, which is dried and solidified to form each protective pressing layer. Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings starting from FIG.

FIG. 4 shows an example of an open box 1 used in the method of the present invention.
It consists of a rectangular frame body with an open upper surface.
In general, its size and shape are free, but as described later, it is relatively small and light enough to be transported by a small number of workers with a protective layer of filled concrete or mortar cement inside. shall be. For example, it is preferable to use a lightweight material and mold it to a size of about 1 m x 1 m in length and width, and a depth of about 5 to 10 cm. The material can be selected from bituminous materials, synthetic resin materials, foamed synthetic resin materials, corrosion-resistant metal materials such as stainless steel, preservative-treated wood materials, and inorganic materials such as asbestos, glass, and cement, and is highly waterproof and durable. It is made in a box body. The box can be manufactured by bonding and welding plate members, or by pressing, molding, or any other suitable method.

A large number of such open boxes 1 as shown in FIG. 4 are prepared, and as shown in FIG. For example, the required number of sheets are laid out in plural rows vertically and horizontally with gaps of 15 to 30 mm, that is, joints 4. Multiple joints 4, 4 formed in this manner run in a grid pattern vertically and horizontally...
Joint fillers 5, 5, . . . of predetermined dimensions, made of e.g. plastic foam, are loaded into the joints 5, 5, . Of course, the joint material 5 is not limited to this foam, and any suitable fixed or irregularly shaped joint material such as elastic rubber, liquid rubber, or asphalt may be used as long as it serves as a cushioning material. Since the joints 4 are created in advance by the boxes 1, 1, etc. in this way, it is convenient to fill them with irregularly shaped joint material. It can be clamped and fixed by the opposite side walls 1b, 1b of the boxes 1, 1, and the fixing work is much easier than in the past.

Next, fresh concrete or cement mortar mixed in advance is injected and filled into each box 1, leveled to the same height as the top of the side wall 1b of the box 1, and left to dry and solidify in this state. Box body 1
A protective pressing layer 6 of the waterproof layer 3 is formed inside.
In addition, the plastic foam is placed on the top surface of the joint material 5.
As in the past, a waterproof sealing material 7 such as asphalt may be coated.

Also, as shown in Figure 6, after loading the elastic joint materials 5, 5... into the joints 4, 4..., the upper surfaces of the joint materials 5, 5... and the side walls 1b, 1b of the boxes 1, 1 on both sides thereof are Caps 7', 7', . . . made of durable, elastic synthetic resin or synthetic rubber and having a U-shaped cross section may be fitted over the upper end as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. The long cap 7' in FIG. 7A is used to fit into the straight joint between two adjacent box bodies 1, 1, and the cross-shaped cap 7' in FIG. It is used to fit into the cross-shaped joint formed at the corner of the box. In both cases, the opposite side walls 7'a, 7'a, 7'a, 7'a, which have a U-shaped cross section, become narrower as they reach the tips, and are elastically tightly fitted. good.

In this way, when the caps 7', 7'... are fitted across the opposing side walls 1b, 1b of the adjacent box bodies 1, 1, all the box bodies 1, 1... are all interconnected. Preferably, the joint 4 on the lower surface thereof,
4. Rainwater can be completely prevented from entering the interior. In this case, it is preferable to cover the entire length of the upper surface of each joint material 5 with a long thin waterproof sheet 9 and apply caps 7', 7' thereon. Moreover, the upper surface of the cap 7' can be used as a reference for the filling height of concrete or cement mortar.
The protective pressing layer 6 can be formed by filling up to this point, leveling it, and drying and solidifying it.

Therefore, the protective pressing layer 6 formed as described above,
Even if a gap is formed between the waterproof sealant 7 and the cap 7' during use, and rainwater enters the gap and becomes alkaline water, each box body 1, 1...
In other words, each box body 1, 1...
Since it acts as a barrier, it does not reach the waterproof layer surface on the lower surface, and the waterproof layer 3 can be blocked from alkaline water and its waterproof property can be maintained satisfactorily over a long period of time. still,
In the above embodiment, the box body 1 is directly attached to the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3.
1... is installed, as shown in Figure 8,
A heat insulating material layer 8 is polymerized and adhered to the upper surface of the waterproof layer 3,
When the boxes 1, 1, . . . are laid on the upper surface, the heat insulating layer 8 is of course shielded from the alkaline rainwater, and the heat insulating layer 8 can similarly maintain good heat insulation properties over a long period of time.

In addition, if it is necessary to repair or replace the insulation layer 8 or waterproof layer 3, cut the target material 5 or cap 7' in half by cutting a cut in the center, and apply joint material as necessary. 5, 5... are removed and one or more boxes 1 present in the area to be repaired are separated from the surrounding boxes 1, so that the protective pressing layer 6 inside each of them is accommodated without being destroyed at all. A small number of workers can lift and transport the box 1 along with its protective holding layer 6, and once the waterproof layer and insulation layer have been repaired or replaced, the box 1 is placed back in its original position. Therefore, the protective pressing layer 6 inside can be reused.
Therefore, compared to the conventional work of removing the protective pressing layer by beating it with a hammer or the like, its removal is easier and faster, and the uneconomical situation of not being able to reuse it is also eliminated.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the cap 7' is fitted, but the fitting is carried out as appropriate without completely contacting and fitting to the upper ends of the side walls 1b, 1b of the boxes 1, 1. This allows the height of the concrete or cement mortar filling layer to be adjusted to a depth greater than or equal to the depth of the box body 1. In this case, it is necessary to use adhesive 10 to fit and fix the cap 7' at a required height position. It should be noted that opposing side walls 7'a, 7''a,
Preferably, 7'a and 7'a are formed to have uneven surfaces.

In this way, according to the present invention, a large number of open boxes are laid out for a predetermined purpose on the upper surface of the waterproof layer, elastic joint filler is loaded into the joints, and concrete or cement mortar is placed inside each box. The protective layer of the waterproof layer can be easily and quickly formed, and the cap can be fitted over the elastic joint material and both side walls of the box that holds it. Therefore, rainwater does not enter into the joints on the bottom surface at all, and each box has a waterproof layer or a heat insulating layer applied to the top surface of the box, which is protected from the harmful effects of alkaline water and has good waterproof and heat insulation properties. can be maintained for a long period of time, and when the waterproof layer or insulation layer needs to be repaired or replaced, simply cut the joints around the outer periphery of the box, and the protective layer can be maintained without destroying the protective layer at all. It is sufficient to transport and remove it together with the box, and the protective presser layer can be reused, which is economical.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows one of the protective pressing layers of the waterproof layer according to the conventional method.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion according to another conventional method, and FIG. 4 is a slope view of an example of the open box body used in the present invention. Fifth
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a part of an example of a method of forming a protective pressing layer of a waterproof layer according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cut-away perspective view of a portion of another embodiment, FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views of the cap, and FIG. 8 is a cut-away side view of a portion of a modified example. 1... Open box body, 1a... Bottom wall, 1b... Side wall, 2...
Concrete base, 3...waterproof layer, 4...joint, 5...
Joint material, 6...protective pressing layer, 7...sealing material, 7'...
Cap, 7'a, 7'a...Side wall, 8...Insulating layer, 9
...Long piece of thin waterproof sheet, 10...Adhesive.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A large number of open boxes are laid out with joints on the upper surface of a waterproof layer applied to a concrete base surface, either directly or through a heat insulating layer applied on the upper surface, and A method for forming a protective press layer of a waterproof layer, which comprises loading a flexible joint material, filling each open box with cement or concrete mortar, and drying and solidifying to form each protective press layer. 2. A waterproof layer is formed on the concrete base, and a large number of open boxes are lined up with joints, either directly on the top surface of this waterproof layer or through a heat insulating layer applied to the top surface, and synthetic resin is applied to the joints. After loading the foam joint material and fitting a waterproof cap with a U-shaped cross section across the top surface of the joint material and the upper edge of the side walls of the box body on both sides, cement or concrete mortar is placed inside each open box body. 1. A method for forming a protective layer for a waterproof layer, which method comprises filling the protective layer with drying and solidifying to form each protective layer. 3. The forming method according to claim 2, wherein the waterproof cap is a height-adjustable joint cap that is fitted after adjusting the height appropriately.