JPH0336113B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic sliding door that opens and closes the sliding door using the driving force generated by the attraction and repulsion between a permanent magnet and an electromagnet.

Conventionally, practical mechanisms for automatically opening and closing sliding doors include those that convert the rotation of a motor into linear motion via a belt, chain, or rack, and those that use a fluid pressure cylinder. However, these systems generally have complex mechanisms, generate noise due to friction and other factors when opening and closing, are prone to failure, and require considerable force to open and close in emergencies, so they must be mechanically disconnected from the drive source. There were some drawbacks, such as the need for special operations.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the sliding door is directly driven to open and close by the attraction and repulsion between a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, and there is no noise, is less likely to malfunction, and can be easily operated manually even in an emergency. This provides an automatically opening/closing sliding door that can be opened and closed. Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic opening/closing sliding door that allows opening/closing of the sliding door and confirmation of its open/closed state by remote control. A third object of the present invention is to provide a sliding door that automatically opens and closes depending on indoor and outdoor environmental conditions.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, a top 1a, side frames 1b,
A single-opening sliding door 2 is fitted in an openable/closable manner into an outer frame 1 constituted by a threshold 1c and a threshold 1d. To explain this in detail, in Fig. 2, a rail 3b is laid along the top surface of the tip of a rail stand 3a that protrudes horizontally from the lower side of the seam 1a over almost the entire length of the seam 1a. A convex portion 4 is provided on the threshold 1d over almost the entire length. On the other hand, a hanging metal fitting 2a having a hook-shaped cross section attached to the upper part of the sliding door 2 is provided with door wheels 2b, 2b, so that the groove 2c provided at the lower part of the sliding door 2 can fit into the convex part 4 and Door wheel 2b, 2
b is configured to run on rails 3b. On the upper surface of the hanging fitting 2a, a large number of prismatic permanent magnets 5, 5... are arranged side by side across almost the entire width of the sliding door 2 with the same polarity facing upward, and these are bonded together with adhesive or the like. A long permanent magnet pole surface 5a having the same polarity is formed on its upper surface. On the other hand, in the case 1a, in the open and closed states of the sliding door 2, open side electromagnets 6, 6... and closed side electromagnets 7, 7... are located in a range that faces the permanent magnet magnetic pole surface 5a and extends further outward. Electromagnet pole faces 6a and 7a are formed to face the permanent magnet pole face 5a with a slight gap. Electromagnet magnetic pole face 6
It is desirable that the gap between a, 7a and the permanent magnet pole surface 5a be as small as possible so that the two do not come into contact with each other, since this will increase the attractive and repulsive forces. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to increase the positional accuracy of the permanent magnet magnetic pole surface 5a, the sliding door 2 is suspended from the top. It is also possible to have a structure in which the vehicle runs on the vehicle. It is also possible to arrange the electromagnets 6 and 7 at the threshold 1d and the permanent magnet 5 at the bottom of the sliding door 2. In this case, the sliding door 2 is located at the threshold 1d.
It is preferable to have a structure that runs on the top because it can be opened and closed smoothly. In addition, in order to increase the driving force due to attraction and repulsion, the permanent magnet magnetic pole surface 5a is
is always in a state facing both electromagnet magnetic pole faces 6a, 7a in any position in the open/closed state, and in the fully open and fully closed positions of the sliding door 2, both electromagnet magnetic pole faces 6a, 7a are permanent magnet magnetic poles. Face 5
It is desirable that each of them exists in a range slightly extending outward from a. Also, both electromagnet magnetic pole faces 6
In order to prevent a magnetic path from being formed between a and 7a, it is desirable to maintain a sufficiently large gap between them. Therefore, for example, the permanent magnet pole face 5
When a is the north pole, a direct current in opposite directions is passed through both the magnetic pole stones 6 and 7, and the magnetic pole face 6 of the open side electromagnet 6 is
If a is the S pole and the magnetic pole surface 7a of the closing electromagnet 7 is the N pole, an attractive force will be generated between different polar surfaces and a repulsive force will be generated between the same polar surfaces, so the sliding door 2 will move in the opening direction (toward the left in Figure 1).
When a current is applied in the opposite direction to that described above, the same effect causes the movement to move in the closing direction (towards the right in Figure 1).
It moves by receiving the driving force of. Furthermore, when no current is applied to the sliding door 2, the sliding door 2 receives no driving force and is not mechanically connected to the electromagnets 6, 7, etc., so it can be easily opened and closed by hand. In this example, a large number of prismatic permanent magnets were glued together, but the prismatic permanent magnets were attached at regular intervals, and a flat plate made of magnetic material was attached to one side of the prismatic permanent magnets. It is also possible to use a permanent magnet pole face as a permanent magnet, and it is also possible to use a longer permanent magnet than originally. Further, in order to form the electromagnet magnetic pole faces 6a, 7a, a plurality of electromagnets 6, 6..., 7, 7... were used, but it is also possible to use one electromagnet 6, 7 each, It is also possible to use both magnetic poles of two electromagnets.

Next, the vertical frames 2e and 2d of the sliding door 2 are provided with detection permanent magnets 8a and 8b, and correspondingly, the side frames 1c and 1b are provided with detection permanent magnets when the sliding door 2 is in the open or closed position. An open side reed switch 9a and a close side reed switch 9b are provided which operate in response to the signals 8a and 8b. In addition, a locking device 1 is provided in the middle of each of the vertical stile 2d and the side frame 1b.
0 is attached, and a locking device 10 is attached to the side frame 1b.
Micro switch 1 that operates in the locked state
0a is placed. To explain this in detail, in FIG. 3, a latch 11 having a hook portion 11a and a slope portion 11b formed at the top of the tip is projected approximately horizontally from a rectangular hole 2f provided in the middle side of the vertical stile 2d. The rear end of the latch 11 has a pin 10b.
The tip is rotatably supported by a spring 10c, and the tip is biased upward by a spring 10c. The pin 10b penetrates the vertical stile 2d and protrudes from the front of the sliding door 2, and a lever 12 is fixed to the tip of the pin 10b.
The latch 11 is configured to rotate by a certain angle as the latch 11 rotates. On the other hand, the side frame 1b
is provided with a metal fitting entry hole 1e corresponding to the protruding position of the latch 11, and above the metal fitting insertion hole 1e is a latch piece whose lower end is formed into a slope shape and engages with the hook portion 11a when the latch 11 enters. 10d, and an unlocking electromagnet 10e for attracting the latch 11 and releasing the above-mentioned engagement is provided below.
In addition, when the latch 11 is engaged with the latch piece 10d (that is, in the locked state), the hook portion 11a
A micro switch 10a is provided which is activated by being pushed upward by the switch. Therefore, in the locked state shown in FIG. 3, by energizing the unlocking electromagnet 10e or pulling the lever 12 to the left, the latch 11 and the latch piece 10d are disengaged, and the sliding door 2 can be freely opened. It can be moved. Moreover, locking is automatically performed when the latch 11 enters the metal fitting entry hole 1e.

In this embodiment, reed switches 9a, 9b and a micro switch 10a are used as detection switches.
However, these may be proximity switches, photoelectric switches, reed switches, micro switches, etc., and an actuating piece of appropriate material and shape may be selected depending on the type of these switches.

Next, to explain the control circuit for controlling this automatic opening/closing sliding door, in FIG. The input interface section 13 is connected to the input interface section 13 for conversion, and a similar number of switches 13a of other automatic opening/closing sliding doors are connected to the input interface section 13. In addition, a large number of sensors 14a are used to detect the indoor environment such as temperature, humidity, gas leakage, etc., and the outdoor environment such as the presence or absence of rain, wind speed, brightness, etc., and the sensors 14a are used to detect the indoor environment such as temperature, humidity, gas leakage, etc., and the outdoor environment such as the presence or absence of rain, wind speed, brightness, etc. It is connected to a sensor interface section 14, and both of these interface sections 13 and 14 are connected to a central processing section 15 composed of a microprocessor or the like. Furthermore, the opening side electromagnet 6, the closing side electromagnet 7, and the unlocking electromagnet 10e are connected to the central processing unit via an output interface unit 16 for receiving a signal from the central processing unit 15 and supplying electric power for driving each electromagnet. 15, and a large number of similar electromagnets 16a of other automatic opening/closing sliding doors are connected to the output interface section 16. Also, the storage unit 17
The indoor and outdoor environmental conditions, each switch 9a, 9
Programs prepared in advance are stored in order to carry out processes necessary for environmental hygiene or crime prevention, depending on the status of terminals b, 10a, and 13a, the current time, or conditions entered from the keyboard 18.
The display unit 19 displays input conditions from the keyboard 18,
It displays the indoor and outdoor environmental conditions, the status of the sliding door, etc., and issues an alarm in the event of an abnormality.

In the automatic opening/closing sliding door configured as described above, in the fully closed and locked state shown in FIG. 1, the closing reed switch 9b and the micro switch 10a are in the ON state, and the electromagnets 6, 7, and 10e are in the OFF state.
The user can appropriately know this from the display section 19. Next, various conditions are programmed in advance in the storage unit 17 for opening the sliding door 2.
If the stored conditions match, the central processing unit 15 confirms that the current sliding door 2 is fully closed and locked, and first excites the unlocking electromagnet 10e to absorb the latch 11. , release the engagement with the latch piece 10d, then the micro switch 10a will be
After confirming that it is in the OFF state, the opening side electromagnet 6 and the closing side electromagnet 7 are each excited in opposite directions to drive the sliding door 2 to fully open it. At this time, the closing side reed switch 9b is in the OFF state.
Since the open side reed switch 9a is in the ON state,
When the central processing unit 15 confirms this, the electromagnet 6,
Turn off 7 and 10e. In addition, when the conditions for closing the sliding door 2 are met, the central processing unit 1
After confirming that the sliding door 5 is fully open, the opening side electromagnet 6 and the closing side electromagnet 7 are energized in the opposite manner to the above to drive the sliding door 2 and bring it into the fully closed state. In this case, the lock is automatically locked, the micro switch 10a and the closing reed switch 9b are in the ON state, and the opening reed switch 9 is in the ON state.
a becomes OFF, and the central processing unit 15 confirms this and turns both electromagnets 6 and 7 OFF. In each of the above states, if each switch does not show a normal operating state, repeat the operation to reach that state by reversing the excitation of each electromagnet, and each switch does not show a normal operating state. If so, the display unit 19 displays a message to that effect and issues an alarm.
The above is an example of automatic opening and closing of the sliding door based on a program, but the sliding door 2 can be opened and closed as appropriate by the user operating the keyboard 18. Furthermore, in the event of a power outage or emergency, the sliding door 2 can be easily opened and closed manually by operating the lever 12. Further, the opening side reed switch 9a can be omitted and an appropriate timer signal can be used instead, or by providing an appropriate switch to detect the opening degree of the sliding door 2, the sliding door 2 can be automatically opened appropriately. It is also possible to do so.

As described above, the present invention attaches a permanent magnet to the upper or lower part of a sliding door to form a long permanent magnet pole surface with the same polarity over almost the entire horizontal length of the sliding door, and When the sliding door is in the open and closed states, electromagnets are respectively disposed in ranges that face the permanent magnet magnetic pole faces and extend slightly outward, so that the electromagnet magnetic pole faces face the permanent magnet magnetic pole faces with a slight gap. The electromagnets are excited so that the magnetic pole faces of both electromagnets have different polarities, and the sliding door is opened and closed by attraction and repulsion with the magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet. A detection switch is installed to detect the opening/closing status of the sliding door, a sensor is installed indoors to detect the indoor environmental conditions, and an outdoor sensor is installed to detect the outdoor environmental conditions. The central processing unit connected to the sensor, detection switch, and keyboard detects the electromagnet according to instructions from the sliding door opening/closing state detection switch, indoor environmental condition detection sensor, outdoor environmental condition detection sensor, and keyboard. is excited to open and close the sliding door. There is no noise when automatically opening and closing, and it is difficult to break down, and can be easily opened and closed manually even in emergencies. In addition, it is possible to open and close automatically by remote control, and by installing an appropriate detection switch, it is possible to confirm whether the door is open or closed.Furthermore, by providing a locking device and a detection switch for locking confirmation, entrance doors, windows, storm doors, etc. in buildings can be opened and closed automatically. Fully automatic control is possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic opening/closing sliding door according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a control circuit for controlling the automatic opening/closing sliding door. 1...outer frame, 2...sliding door, 5...permanent magnet,
5a... Permanent magnet magnetic pole surface, 6, 7... Electromagnet, 6
a, 7a...Electromagnet magnetic pole surface, 8a, 8b...Permanent magnet for detection (operating piece for detection), 9a, 9b...Reed switch (detection switch), 10...Locking device, 10a...Micro switch (locking) (detection switch for confirmation).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A permanent magnet is attached to the upper or lower part of the sliding door to form a long permanent magnet magnetic pole surface with the same polarity over almost the entire horizontal length of the sliding door, and the outer frame has a permanent magnet attached to the upper or lower part of the sliding door. In the open state and the closed state, electromagnets are respectively disposed in ranges facing the permanent magnet magnetic pole faces and extending slightly outward, so that the electromagnet magnetic pole faces facing the permanent magnet magnetic pole faces with a slight gap are respectively disposed. The electromagnet is excited such that the magnetic pole faces of the electromagnets have different polarities, and the sliding door is opened and closed by the attraction and repulsion force with the magnetic pole face of the permanent magnet, and a detection switch detects the open/closed state of the sliding door. A sensor is installed indoors to detect indoor environmental conditions, and an outdoor sensor is installed to detect outdoor environmental conditions, and the opening/closing conditions of the sliding door can be instructed from the keyboard. A central processing unit connected to the sensor, detection switch, and keyboard excites the electromagnet to open and close the sliding door according to instructions from the sliding door open/close state detection switch, indoor environmental condition detection sensor, outdoor environmental condition detection sensor, and keyboard. An automatic sliding door that opens and closes automatically. 2. The switch for detecting the open/closed state of the sliding door comprises a detection actuation piece provided on the sliding door, and a detection switch provided on the outer frame and actuated by the detection actuation piece. automatic opening/closing sliding door.