JPH0335680B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a key press assignment device for an electronic musical instrument that assigns a key pressed on a keyboard to one of a plurality of musical sound generation channels smaller than the number of keys.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, in this type of key assignment device, when a new key is pressed on a keyboard, the newly pressed key is assigned in the following manner.

That is, the first method, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-25613, compares the envelope waveform amplitude values for controlling the volume level of musical tones in each musical tone generation channel and determines which envelope waveform amplitude value is the smallest. Detects the musical sound generation channel (that is, the one with the lowest volume level), assigns the newly pressed key to the detected musical sound generation channel, and responds to the newly pressed key in place of the previously generated musical sound in this channel. It generates musical tones. In addition, the second method is
As shown in the publication, each time the key assigned to each musical tone generating channel is released, the counted value is uniformly increased for all musical tone generating channels that are already in the released state. The sequence of key releases for each tone generation channel is displayed by , and the count value of each tone generation channel is compared to detect the tone generation channel with the largest count value (that is, the earliest key released). Then, the newly pressed key is assigned to this detected musical tone generation channel, and in this channel, a musical tone corresponding to the newly pressed key is generated in place of the musical tone that has been generated so far.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in an electronic musical instrument using the above-mentioned conventional key assignment device, when a new key is pressed while all musical tone generation channels are generating musical tones, the musical tone with the lowest volume level or the oldest sound is always played. The musical tone corresponding to the newly pressed key is generated in the musical sound generation channel that generates the musical tone of the pressed key.For example, as seen in piano performance, the sound of the high-pitched high-pitched sound remains while the lingering sound of the low-pitched tone remains. It is not possible to obtain a performance effect in which sounds are produced one after another depending on the playing method. In other words, in this kind of performance operation, a key in the low range is first pressed and released, and then keys in the high range are pressed one after another, so that when a new key in the high range is pressed, the low range key is pressed and released. It is determined that the musical note in the range is at the lowest volume level, or it is determined that the musical note in the low range is related to the key that was released the earliest, and the musical note in the low range is forcibly erased (pronounced). (stopped),
For this reason, it becomes impossible to obtain the same performance effect as the piano performance described above.

In this way, in conventional electronic musical instruments, among the musical tones generated in all musical sound generation channels, a certain musical tone (not limited to musical tones in the low range) is controlled regardless of its volume level or the order in which the keys are pressed. Therefore, even if one tried to preferentially continue the pronunciation, it was impossible to do so, and there were constraints on the performance effect. Therefore, in the application specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 112907/1989, which is the earlier application in this case, the present applicant further added to the conventional key press assignment device that By detecting a specific musical sound generation channel to which one or more musical tones are assigned, and prohibiting the assignment of a key to the channel when a new key is pressed, the high-pitched (or low-pitched) key The present invention has proposed a key press assignment device that ensures continuous sound generation of musical tones in the channel even if the key is repeatedly operated many times within a short period of time. In addition, in the application specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 163133/1983, which is the earlier application in this case, the applicant further added to the above-mentioned conventional key press assignment device a predetermined key range (low key range, middle key range, treble key range). Detecting a specific musical tone generation channel to which a key belonging to the area) is assigned, and prohibiting the assignment of a key to the channel when a new key is pressed,
A key press assignment device has been proposed which ensures continuous sound generation of musical tones in the channel even if keys outside the predetermined key range are operated many times within a short period of time. As a result, according to these proposed devices, one or more musical tones or a specific musical tone belonging to a predetermined range are continuously emitted from the bass side (or treble side) as described above, so that the above performance expression is improved. The constraints are lifted.

However, when the key press assignment device according to the above proposal is applied to an electronic musical instrument that has an operator that selectively changes the length of the decay time of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generation channel, the operator is in a state where the decay time is long. is selected, the decay time of the musical tone is long, so the continuous sounding of a specific musical tone by the above-mentioned proposed device is effectively utilized in the performance. However, when the operator selects the condition with the short decay time, the following There is a problem like this. That is, at this time, even if the proposed device prohibits the assignment of the newly pressed key to the specific musical sound generation channel and continues to generate the specific musical tone, the decay time of the generated musical tone is short, so the corresponding The pronunciation of the specific musical tone ends within a short time, and the above-mentioned prohibition of assignment is not effectively utilized. On the other hand, such an assignment prohibition acts as an assignment restriction for keys other than the key corresponding to the specific musical tone, so if this assignment prohibition is not effectively used in performance as described above, the assignment prohibition is There is a problem that simply appears as a drawback in key press assignment.

This invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional device and the proposed device, and aims to provide the effects of the proposed device and eliminate the drawbacks associated with the prohibition of allocation by the proposed device. An object of the present invention is to provide a key assignment device for an electronic musical instrument.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objects, the structural features of the present invention include a keyboard 1 having a plurality of keys, and a plurality of musical tones smaller than the number of keys, as shown in FIG. In an electronic musical instrument comprising a generation channel 2 and an operator 3 for selecting the length of the decay time of the musical tone generated in each of the musical tone generation channels 2, in response to a new key press on the keyboard 1, allocating means 4a for allocating the locked key to any one of the musical tone generation channels 2;
, a detecting means 4b for detecting a musical sound generating channel 2 to which a specific key is assigned among the musical sound generating channels 2; and a detecting means 4b for detecting a musical sound generating channel 2 to which a specific key is assigned among the musical sound generating channels 2;
The musical sound generation channel 2 to which a key is to be assigned by a is selected from the musical sound generation channels 2 excluding the musical sound generation channel 2 detected by the detection means 4b.
limiting means 4c for restricting the tone generation channel 2 to which a key is to be assigned by the assigning means 4a when the operator 3 selects the short decay time state;
The key press assignment device is configured by the following.

[Action of the invention]

In this invention configured as described above, when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 1, the assigning means 4a
assigns the pressed key to one of the tone generation channels, and a tone corresponding to the key is generated in the tone generation channel to which the key is assigned. During the assignment by the assigning means 4a, if the operator 3 selects a state in which the decay time of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generation channel 2 is long, the limiting means 4c selects the musical tone to which the key is to be assigned by the assigning means 4a. Since the generation channels 2 are limited to musical tone generation channels 2 excluding the musical tone generation channel 2 to which a specific key detected by the detection means 4b is assigned, a newly pressed key is assigned a specific key. The musical tone associated with a specific key is assigned to a musical tone generating channel 2 other than the musical tone generating channel 2, and continues to be generated without being erased. Further, if the operator 3 selects a state in which the decay time of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generating channel 2 is short, the limiting means 4c does not limit the musical tone generating channel 2 to which the key is to be assigned. The key pressed will be assigned to any of all musical tone generation channels 2.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As can be understood from the explanation of the action above,
If the operator 3 selects a state where the decay time of the musical tone is long and the decay time of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generation channel 2 is long, even if a new key is pressed on the keyboard 1, the musical tone will not be generated. A musical tone related to a specific key already assigned to channel 2 is restricted by means 4c.
Because of the action of It is possible to obtain a performance effect in which musical tones in the high range are produced one after another in a fast playing style. Furthermore, if the specific key is selected as a key corresponding to the midrange or high range, for example, it becomes possible to continuously produce musical tones belonging to the midrange or high range, leaving the lingering sound of the musical tones belonging to the midrange or high range. It is possible to achieve an unprecedented performance effect in which musical tones in other ranges are produced one after another using fast playing techniques.

In addition, if the operator 3 selects a state in which the decay time of the musical tone is short and the decay time of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generation channel 2 is short, and therefore the performance effect due to the above allocation restriction is not expected, the control The means 4c does not carry out the allocation restriction, and a newly pressed key is allocated to any one of all the musical sound generation channels 2, so that all the musical sound generation channels 2 are effectively used and keys other than the specific key are allocated. performance will no longer be hindered.

〔Example〕

a Configuration Example Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Fig. 2 schematically shows an electronic musical instrument that generates a damping type (percussive type) musical tone to which the present invention is applied. This electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard 10, a group of operators 11 for selecting and controlling tone, volume, etc., a sustain pedal 12 for switching the decay time (decay time constant) of a musical tone, and a musical tone generation circuit 13 for generating a musical tone signal. A microcomputer section 14 is provided which inputs the states of a keyboard 10, a group of operators 11, and a sustain pedal 12 to control a tone generation circuit 13.

The keyboard 10 has a plurality of keys (for example,
It has 88 keys (A0 to C8), and the key press or release operation of each key is detected by a key switch circuit 10a consisting of a key switch provided corresponding to each key. , the key pressing speed and key pressing force (initial key touch) associated with the above-mentioned key pressing operations are determined by a key pressing speed detection circuit or a key pressing pressure detecting circuit, etc. provided corresponding to each key. It is designed to be detected by the key touch detection circuit 10b. Key switch circuit 10a
and the key touch detection circuit 10b are connected to the microcomputer section 14 via the bus 15,
Under the control of the microcomputer section 14, key data representing the pressed or released state of each key and key touch data associated with each key operation are supplied to the microcomputer section 14. The operator group 11 includes an operator for selecting the tone of the attenuation system, such as piano or harpsichord, generated by the musical tone generating circuit 13, and an operator for adjusting the volume of the generated musical tone. The operation state of the child is detected by a manipulator switch circuit 11a comprising a switch, volume, etc. provided corresponding to each of the manipulators. The operator switch circuit 11a is connected to the microcomputer section 14 via a bus 15, and is controlled by the microcomputer section 14 to supply data representing the status of each operator to the microcomputer section 14. The sustain pedal 12 is operated by the performer's foot in order to lengthen the decay time of the musical sound generated by the musical sound generation circuit 13 when the pedal is depressed, and to shorten the decay time of the musical sound when the pedal is released. Depression or release of the sustain pedal 12 is detected by a sustain pedal switch circuit 12a, and data representing the detected depression or release of the sustain pedal 12 is sent to the microcontroller via a bus 15 connected to the circuit 12a. The data is supplied to the computer section 14.

The musical tone generation circuit 13 has N (for example, 8) musical tone generation channels, which are smaller than the number of keys on the keyboard 10, and when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10, the microcomputer section 14 selects the new key. In the assigned musical sound generation channel, a musical sound signal is generated according to the key operation on the keyboard 10, the operation state of the operator group 11, and the operation state of the sustain pedal 12, and is transmitted to the speaker 17 via the amplifier 16.
Make a musical sound and pronounce it. In this case, the frequency of the generated musical tone is the pitch frequency corresponding to the key pressed on the keyboard 10, and the timbre of the generated musical tone is the piano tone specified according to the operating state of the operator group 11. , harpsichord, etc. Furthermore, the envelope waveform of the generated musical tone basically rises rapidly at the same time as the key is pressed, as shown by the solid line in Figure 3A, and reaches a predetermined attack level.
When AL is reached, it gradually decays with a predetermined decay time constant DT regardless of key release, and this decay continues as long as the key is pressed.If the key is released during decay, the This envelope waveform is controlled by the operation of the sustain pedal 12 and the keys on the keyboard 10, so that if the sustain pedal 12 is depressed, even if the key is released, the envelope waveform will be like the broken line. The decay time constant DT is set to increase as the generated pitch becomes lower, and it changes as shown by the dashed line.
Furthermore, if the key touch detected by the key touch detection circuit 10b is strong, that is, if the key pressing speed is large or the key pressing pressure is large, the predetermined attack level AL increases and changes as shown by the two-dot chain line. There is. Furthermore, the attenuation time constant DT and the attack level AL are adapted to change depending on the timbre of the generated musical sound. As a result, the decay time of the musical sound (the time it takes for the volume level of the musical sound to gradually decrease from a high state to almost zero) depending on the generated musical sound, as seen in damping natural instruments such as pianos.
It is becoming more and more different.

The microcomputer unit 14 includes a read-only memory (hereinafter simply referred to as ROM) 14a that stores programs corresponding to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. simply
(referred to as CPU) 14b, and a writable memory (hereinafter simply referred to as RAM) 14 that temporarily stores various variables necessary to execute this program and serves as working memory.
c, and a timer circuit 14 that measures time and, at predetermined intervals, interrupts the program processing being executed and causes the CPU 14b to execute a "timer interrupt" program corresponding to the flowchart shown in FIG.
d, and by executing the above program, a keyboard 10, a group of operators 11, and a sustain pedal 12 are provided.
Data corresponding to the operation is outputted to the musical tone generating circuit 13 to control the generation of musical tones. In addition, ROM1
4a, CPU 14b, RAM 14c, and timer circuit 14b are connected to bus 15.

The RAM 14c is an assigned key data register area that stores data regarding keys assigned to each musical tone generation channel of the musical tone generation circuit 13.
AKDR (Figure 4A) and an assigned touch data register area that stores data representing the key touch strength of keys assigned to each of the musical tone generation channels.
ATDR (Fig. 4B) and a priority data register area PRDR (4C
), an assignment channel register area ACHR (FIG. 4D) that stores assignment designation channel data for specifying the channel to which a newly pressed key on the keyboard 10 should be assigned, and the keyboard 1
A key press and operation detection register area KOR (Fig. 4E) used for key press detection of 0 and operation detection of the operator group 11, and a general register area GNR (Fig. 4F) used for channel assignment calculations and other calculations. ).

In addition, the allocated key data register area
The AKDR (FIG. 4A) has N registers corresponding to each tone generation channel of the tone generation circuit 13, and each register has a key code representing a key assigned to the corresponding tone generation channel.
Key-on data KO indicating the status of KC and the key
Assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N) consisting of
Memorize each. In this embodiment, the key code KC increases by "1" as the tone becomes higher, and ranges from "21" to "108" corresponding to the 88 keys of the keyboard 10.
The key-on data KO has a value of "0" indicating a key-released state and a value of "1" indicating a key-pressed state.

The assigned touch data register area ATDR (Figure 4B) is also the assigned key data register area.
Like AKDR, it has N registers, and each register has an assigned key data register area.
Each assigned key data stored in AKDR
Touch data TD regarding keys indicated by AKD(1) to (N)
are stored as assigned touch data ATD(1) to (N), respectively. Note that the touch data TD is data that increases in value as the key depression strength increases. Priority data register area PRDR (4th
Figure C) is also the assigned key data register area.
Like AKDR, it has N registers corresponding to each musical tone generation channel, and each register has priority data corresponding to each musical tone generation channel such that the smaller the value, the higher the allocation priority.
Store PRD(1) to PRD(N).

Assigned channel register area ACHR (4th
FIG.
Channel number CHN and priority data extracted in the process of searching for ACHN
It has a register group that stores PRD.

Key press and operation detection register area KOR (4th E
(Fig.) is a key state memory KEYMEM which is composed of a plurality of bits corresponding to each key of the keyboard 10, and each bit stores data of "1" or "0" representing the key press or release of each key; A control state memory SWMEM, which has a plurality of storage locations corresponding to each switch and each volume of the control group 11 and stores the open/closed state data of each corresponding switch or position data of the volume, and the keyboard 10
It has a plurality of registers for storing key press event data KEVT1, key release event data KEVT2, or operator event data SWEVT of the operator group 11. Note that this key press event data KEVT1 consists of a key code KC representing the key name, key on data KO representing the key operation status, and touch data TD representing the key touch strength, and key release event data KEVT2 is the key code KC representing the key name.
Consists of KC and key-on data KO.

The general register area GNR (Figure 4F) has two registers that store the key data KD and touch data TD read from the register area KOR during the processing of the key press event data KEVT1, and the lowest note detected by the lowest note detection. A register that stores the lowest note key code LKC corresponding to , and data MANY indicating the number of musical tone generation channels to which the same key is assigned.
register for storing the , and sustain pedal 12
A register for storing sustain data SUS, which indicates the state in which the sustain pedal 12 is depressed with a value of "1" and indicates a state in which the sustain pedal 12 is not depressed with a value of "0", and others necessary for the calculations of the microcomputer section 14. It consists of a group of other registers that store variables, etc.

b Basic Operation The basic operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be explained using the flowchart shown in FIG. 5. When the power is turned on, the CPU 14b starts executing the program from step 20 in FIG. In step 21, the RAM 14C is initialized.

After the above initial settings, the CPU 14b advances the program to the key processing routine of step 22, and in this routine executes a program corresponding to the flowcharts of FIGS. 6, 7, and 9, which will be described later. The generation of musical tones by the musical tone generating circuit 13 is controlled in response to key depression or key release on the keyboard 10. After executing the above processing routine,
The CPU 14b advances the program to the sustain pedal processing routine in step 23, and in this routine executes a program corresponding to the flowchart of FIG. 11, which will be described later.
In response to depression or release of the sustain pedal 12, the attenuation state of the musical tone being generated by the musical tone generation circuit 13 is controlled.

Next, the program proceeds to steps 24 and 25, where the microcomputer section 14
The state of the operator 1 is detected, and the detection result is output to the musical sound generation circuit 13 to control the tone, volume, etc. of the musical sound. At step 24, the CPU 14b inputs data representing the open/closed state of each switch in the operator switch circuit 11a and the set position of the volume as new operator data for the operator group 11, and stores these input data and the operator status memory.
The old control data stored in SWMEM is compared for each control, and only when the two data differ, the new control data for the same control is assumed to have changed. is written to the storage location corresponding to the same controller in the controller state memory SWMEM, and the new controller data is written to the key press and operation detection register area.
Store in KOR as controller event data SWEVT. At step 25, the CPU 14b checks the presence or absence of the operator event data SWEVT.
If there is data, after outputting this data to the musical tone generation circuit 13, the outputted controller event data SWEVT is erased, and the controller event data is
The above operation is repeated until SWEVT is exhausted, and all control event data is sent. Note that if the new and old controller data regarding all the controllers match, the rewriting and output of the controller data in steps 24 and 25 is not executed.

After the processing of steps 24 and 25, the program returns to step 22, and the CPU 14b repeatedly executes the processing of steps 22 to 25 to control the keyboard 10, sustain pedal 12, and operator group 11.
The musical tone generation of the musical tone generating circuit 13 is controlled according to the state of the musical tone generating circuit 13.

c Key processing operation Next, the key processing routine will be explained in detail.
The CPU 14b starts executing the program from step 30 in FIG. 6, and in step 31 sequentially scans each key switch in the key switch circuit 10a from the low tone side or the high tone side, and by this scanning, opens and closes each key switch. The status signal is input as new key status data for the keyboard 10, and these input data and the old key status data stored in the key status memory KEYMEM are compared for each key, and the key status data for the keyboard 10 is compared.
When a new key press is detected, touch data regarding the key is read from the key touch detection circuit 10b. That is, when the new key state data is "1" and the old key state data is "0", the CPU 14b detects that a new key has been pressed on the keyboard 10, and the new key state data "1" to the storage location corresponding to the newly pressed key in the key status memory KEYMEM, and also from the key code KC representing the same key name and the key-on data KO of "1" representing the key being pressed. Key data KD and key touch detection circuit 10
The corresponding key imported from b and the touch data TDB representing the key touch strength are generated as key press event data KEVT1.
This is stored in the register group of the key press and operation detection register area KOR (FIG. 4E). Furthermore, when the new key state data is "0" and the old key state data is "1", the CPU 14b
detects that a new key has been released, writes this new key state data "0" to the storage location corresponding to the newly released key in the key state memory KEYEM, and writes the key representing the same key name. Key data KD consisting of code KC and key-on data KO of value "0" indicating that the key has been released is stored in the register group as key-release event data KEVT2. The key code KC is determined by a scan counter (not shown) which sequentially specifies the key switch corresponding to each key in the scan. When the state detection of all the keys on the keyboard 10 is completed through such scanning, the key press event data KEVT1 and release key corresponding to the keys whose state has changed from the time of the previous step 31 to the current step 31 are collected. key event data
All KEVT2 will be stored in the above register group.

Next, the program proceeds to steps 32 and 33, where the CPU 14b determines whether a key press or key release event has occurred based on the contents of the register group. If there is no change in the state of each key on the keyboard 10, the CPU 14b determines "NO" in steps 32 and 33, ends the key processing routine in step 34, and returns to step 23 in FIG. Move.

When a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10,
At step 32, the CPU 14b stores the key press event data stored in the above register group.
Based on the existence of KEVT1, it is judged as "YES", and the "assigned channel search" program in step 40 (FIG. 7), the "assigned channel data setting" program in step 50 (FIG. 9), and step 60 are executed.
The process moves on to the execution of a key press event processing routine consisting of processing.

In the "allocation channel search" program shown in FIG. 7, which determines the channel number ACHN to which a newly pressed key should be assigned, the CPU 14b starts executing the program from step 40a, and detects key presses and operations in step 41a. After reading a set of key press event data KEVT1 consisting of key data KD and touch data TD from the register group in the register area KOR and storing it in the general register area GNR as key data KD and touch data TD to be processed in the future, the process proceeds to step 41b. The key press event data KEVT1 is deleted from the register group, and the priority data PRD(1) to PRD stored in each register of the priority data register area PRDR is deleted in step 42.
Read PRD (N) sequentially, and if the value of the read priority data PRD is not "0", subtract "1" from this value and store the subtraction result again in the register read above as new priority data PRD. However, if the value is "0", the contents of the read register are not rewritten.
As a result, each time a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10, the priority data PRD(1) to PRD(N) of channels whose data value is not "0" are subtracted by "1" at a rate. This means that the priority data of each channel is updated at a constant rate in the direction of higher assigned priority every time a key is pressed.

After updating the priority data PRD(1) to PRD(N), the CPU 14b, in step 43a,
Based on the key data KD stored in the general register GNR through the process of step 41a, assigned key data having a key code KC with a value equal to the value of the key code KC in the key data KD
Assign the number of AKDs to the key data register
Assigned key data stored in AKDR
It is detected by sequentially reading AKD(1) to AKD(N) and comparing the key codes KC, and the detected number is used as duplicate allocation channel number data.
Remember as MANY. This duplicate assignment channel number data MANY is detected when the same key is repeatedly pressed twice or more during a predetermined number of key press operations (number of musical sound generation channels N) on the keyboard 10 due to a performance mode such as a trill performance. , which determines the maximum number of channels to which the key can be assigned,
In this embodiment, assignment of the same key to different channels is allowed up to two channels, and assignment of three or more channels is prohibited.

Next, in step 43b, the CPU 14b stores the duplicate allocation channel number data stored above.
Determine whether the value of MANY is greater than "1". If the newly pressed key is not pressed twice or more during the predetermined number of key presses, each register in the assigned key data register area AKDR contains key data KD with a different key code KC. Since it is stored, the duplicate allocation channel number data MANY detected in step 43b above is "0", and the CPU
14b makes a "NO" determination in step 43b, and in step 44a, sequentially reads the assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N) stored in each register of the assigned key data register area AKDR, and reads out the read assignment. The key code KC of key data AKD does not match the lowest note key code LKC and the key-on data of the same key data AKD
By detecting the assigned key data AKD whose KO is “0”, the assigned key data AKD
Channel number data that finds the channel in which is stored and indicates the number of the channel.
CHN and priority data register area PRDR
The priority data PRD stored in the channel number CHN and corresponding to the channel number CHN are allocated as a set of extracted data in the channel register area.
Store sequentially in ACHR. As a result, all musical sound generation channels to which key data KD related to a key that is not the lowest note and is released are extracted. After this extraction processing, the CPU 14b determines in step 44b whether or not there is a corresponding channel extracted by the above extraction processing, and if there is a corresponding extracted channel, based on the determination of "YES", In step 45a, the priority data PRD having the smallest value is searched out from the extracted channels, and the channel number data stored in a pair with this priority data PRD is searched.
CHN allocated channel register area ACHR
The assigned channel number data is stored as assigned channel number data ACHN, and the execution of the "assigned channel search" program is ended at step 46.

Furthermore, if there is no corresponding channel as a result of the extraction process in step 44a, that is, if all channels other than the lowest note are being pressed,
The CPU 14b determines "NO" in step 44b, and in step 45b, the key code of the assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N) stored in the assigned key data register area AKDR is determined.
Detects a channel whose KC does not match the lowest key code LKC and whose priority data PRD(1) to PRD(N) stored in the priority data register area PRDR has the minimum value, and Assign number CHN to channel register area ACHR Channel number data
It is stored as ACHN, and in step 46 the execution of the "allocation channel search" program is ended. As a result, if the key pressed on the keyboard 10 is not pressed twice or more during the predetermined number of key press operations, steps 44a, 44b, 4 are performed.
Through the processes of 5a and 45b, the assigned channel number data ACHN indicating the channel to which the key is assigned is assigned to the assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(1).
Key data indicating the lowest note in AKD (N)
If there is key data KD representing a key released other than KD, the channel number CHN representing the channel with the minimum priority data PRD among the channels storing this key data KD is determined, and the above conditions are met. If there is no corresponding key data KD, the channel number CHN representing the channel other than the channel storing the key data KD representing the lowest tone among all channels and having the minimum priority data PRD is set.

On the other hand, when the same key is repeatedly pressed twice or more during the predetermined number of key press operations on the keyboard 10, such as when playing a trill, the newly pressed key is
If it is the third time, step 43a is performed in the same way as above.
If the duplicate allocation channel number data MANY is set to "0" in , and if it is the second time, the allocated key data AKD regarding the key exists in the allocated key data register area AKDR due to the allocation when the key is pressed once. Step 43
Duplicate allocation channel number data by processing a
MANY is set to "1", and if it is the third time, the duplicate allocation channel number data MANY is set to "2" by the process of step 43a. In this way, the duplicate allocation channel number data MANY is set to various values depending on the number of times the same key is repeatedly pressed. It is determined that MANY is not greater than "1", and steps 44a and 4 are performed.
The allocated channel number data ACHN is set in 4b, 45a, and 45b as described above, but when the same data MANY becomes "2",
The CPU 14b determines "YES" in step 43b, and in step 45c sequentially reads the assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N) stored in each register of the assigned key data register area AKDR, and assigns the read assignment. key data AKD
Compare the key code KC inside and the key code KC in the key data KD representing the newly pressed key,
Extract multiple channels that match these key codes KC, and select the smallest value among the multiple assigned touch data ATD stored in the assigned touch data register area ATDR corresponding to the extracted multiple channels. Detects the channel that stores the assigned touch data ATD, stores the number indicating the channel in the assigned channel register area ACHR as assigned channel number data ACHN, and ends the execution of the "assigned channel search" program through the process of step 46. .

Through the processing of steps 43a and 43b,
The assigned channel number data ACHN is set by the processing in steps 44a, 44b, 45a, and 45b when the number of times the same key is pressed during the predetermined number of key press operations on the keyboard 10 is within "2", and When the number of times reaches "3" or more, the channel number CHN indicating the channel with the smallest assigned touch data ATD among the channels to which the same key previously pressed is assigned is set in step 45c. This means that the number of channels that simultaneously generate musical tones related to the same key is limited to "2". Note that this number of control channels may be any other number, such as "3", and in this case, the number of duplicately allocated channels is determined in step 43b.
It is recommended to set the value to be compared with MANY to "2".
In addition, the above-mentioned assigned touch data ATD can be changed to key data when a key is newly pressed by executing the "assigned channel data setting" program described later.
Touch data indicating key touch strength along with KD
After being allocated and stored as a TD, its value is updated by executing a "timer interrupt" program corresponding to the flowchart shown in FIG.

In the above-mentioned "timer interrupt" program, the CPU 14b is controlled by the timer circuit 14d, interrupts execution of other programs, and starts execution of the program from step 65,
At step 66, the assigned touch data ATD(1) to ATD(N) stored in each register of the assigned touch data register area ATDR are sequentially read out, and if the read assigned touch data ATD is "0", the data ATD is ``1'' is subtracted from ``1'' and the subtraction result (ATD-1) is stored again in the read register of the allocated touch data register area ATD as new allocated touch data ATD. Further, if the read touch data ATD is "0", the data ATD is not rewritten. When all the allocated touch data ATD is updated as described above, the CPU
14b ends the execution of this "timer interrupt" program through the process of step 67, and proceeds to the execution of the interrupted program. This "timer interrupt" program allows the assigned touch data ATD(1) to ATD(N) to be set when a key is pressed.
As each value decreases as time passes, the assigned channel number data indicates the channel to which the key should be applied when the same key is pressed three or more times during the predetermined number of key press operations. The ACHN is determined depending on the key touch strength at the time of key depression and the elapsed time from the key depression.

When the execution of the above-mentioned "assigned channel search" program is finished, the CPU 14b executes the above-mentioned step 45 of FIG. 7 in step 50 of FIG.
Based on the assigned channel number ACHN set by the processing in steps a to 45c, priority data PRD (ACHN) and assigned key data AKD are
(ACHN) and assigned touch data ATD
Proceed to execute the "assigned channel data setting" program that initializes (ACHN).

The details of this program are shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9, and the CPU 14b starts executing this program at step 50a, and checks whether the sustain pedal 12 is depressed based on the value of the sustain data SUS at step 51a. Decide whether or not. If the sustain pedal 12 is in the depressed state in this judgment, the sustain data SUS has been set to "1" by executing the sustain pedal processing routine program to be described later, and the CPU 14b judges "YES" and proceeds to step 51b. The key code KC in the key data KD representing the newly pressed key is compared with the key code LKC representing the lowest note at the current time, and if the key code KC is smaller than the lowest note key code LKC, "YES" is returned. After the determination, the lowest tone key code LKC is set to the key code KC in step 51c, and if the key code KC is greater than the lowest tone key code LKC, the determination is "NO" and the process of step 51c is not performed. The program advances to step 52a. As a result, when the sustain pedal 12 is depressed, a new key is pressed, and if this new key has a lower pitch than any previously assigned key, then the lowest key code is
Keycode KC indicating LKC newly pressed key
will be changed to Furthermore, if the sustain pedal 12 is released from being depressed, the sustain data SUS is set to "0" by executing the sustain pedal processing routine program to be described later, and the CPU 14b determines "NO" in step 51a. The program is then executed at step 52 without executing steps 51b and 51c.
Proceed to a. This means that sustain pedal 1
When 2 is not depressed, it means that the lowest note detection is not performed.

Next, in step 52a, the CPU 14b again reads out the key code KC in the key data KD indicating the newly pressed key from the general register area GNR, and shifts the read key code KC to the right by 4 bits. Divide the value of code KC by "16" and put this division result into a variable
WGHT, the value of the variable WGHT is subtracted from "8" in step 52b, and the subtraction result is used as the priority order of the channel indicated by the assigned channel number data ACHN set by the above-mentioned "assigned channel search" program. Set as data PRD (ACHN). This makes the priority data PRD (ACHN)
Depending on the value of the key code KC, the note name decreases by 1 for every 16 notes from Ao to A8, ranging from “7” to
This is set to one of the values "2", which means that the priority order data PRD set when a key is pressed is such that the low pitch allocation priority is weighted low.

Further, the CPU 14b inputs key data KD indicating the newly pressed key in step 53a.
The key code KC inside is compared with the value "60", and if the key code KC is smaller than the value "60", "32" is added in step 53b to the priority data PRD (ACHN) set in step 52b above. However, if the key code KC is greater than or equal to the value "60", the priority order data PRD is
Add “26” to (ACHN). This value "60"
corresponds to the key code KC indicating pitch C4, and therefore, the priority data is
PRD (ACHN) is further weighted with lower pitch priority, and its value ranges from pitch Ao to A8 and changes to "39" depending on the key code KC of the newly pressed key, as shown in Figure 10. ” ~ “37”,
It will be one of "31" to "28".

After setting the priority data PRD above, CPU1
Step 4b reads the key data KD indicating the newly pressed key and the touch data TD indicating the key touch strength of the key from the general register area GNR in steps 54a and 54b, and stores these data.
By writing KD and TD in the assigned key data register area AKDR and assigned touch data register area ATDR at the positions corresponding to the channel indicated by the above assigned channel number data ACHN, the assigned key data AKD (ACHN ) and the assigned touch data ATD (ACHN) settings.

Next, the CPU 14b again inputs the touch data TD into the general register area in step 55a.
Reread from GNR and read touch data
By shifting TD to the right by 4 bits, divide this touch data TD by "16", set this division result as variable WGHT, and proceed to step 5.
In step 5b, by adding the variable WGHT to the priority data PRD (ACHN) weighted by the pitch, the priority data PRD (ACHN) is obtained.
are weighted so that the larger the value of touch data TD is, the lower the allocation priority is, and in step 56, the processing of the ``allocation channel data setting'' program is terminated. In addition, the priority data PRD(1) based on the pitch and key touch strength mentioned above
The weighting of PRD(N) is performed in step 52 above.
Changing the division value of a, 55a and step 53a
This can be changed in various ways by changing the comparison value. In addition, if the touch data TD cannot be obtained because the key touch detection circuit 10b is not provided, or if the influence of the key touch strength on the decay time of the musical tone is small, priority order data may be set according to the touch data TD.
If weighting of PRD(1) to PRD(N) is not particularly required, the CPU 14b executes step 5 after processing step 54b, as shown by the broken line in FIG.
Step 56 is performed without going through steps 5a and 55b.
The execution of this program may be terminated at .

When the execution of the above-mentioned "assigned channel data setting" program is finished, the CPU 14b advances the program to step 60 in FIG.
At 0, key data KD and touch data TD are read out again from the general register area GNR and output to the tone generation circuit 13, and assigned channel number data ACHN is read out from the assigned channel register area ACHR and outputted to the tone generation circuit 13. As a result, musical tone generation circuit 1
3 from the microcomputer section 14 to the keyboard 10
Key data KD representing the newly pressed key,
Touch data TD indicating the touch strength of the key and channel number data CHN indicating the musical sound generation channel in which musical tones are to be generated are input, and the circuit 13 uses this channel number data.
Specify the musical sound generation channel that should generate the musical sound based on CHN, and this specified musical sound generation channel is specified by the key code KC in the key data KD based on the key-on data KO (“1”) in the key data KD. begins to generate a musical tone signal of the specified pitch. In addition, the envelope of this musical tone signal has an attack level AL determined according to the touch data, and a decay time constant DT.
is determined according to the key code KC. At this time, if the same musical tone generation channel is still generating another musical tone signal, generation of this other musical tone signal is stopped and generation of a musical tone signal of the specified pitch is started. Note that when switching from another music signal to a musical tone signal with a newly specified pitch as described above, in order to ensure the sense of attack of the new sound and to prevent the generation of click sounds, It is preferable to perform the above switching after rapidly attenuating with a predetermined time constant.

When the data regarding the newly pressed key has been sent to the musical tone generating circuit 13, the CPU 1
4b advances the program to step 32, and as described above, in step 32, the key press event data in the key press and operation detection register area KOR is
Check the presence of KEVT1 and record the key press event data.
If KEVT1 still exists, step 4
The next key press event data is processed by the key press event processing routine consisting of the "assigned channel search" program at step 0, the "assign channel data setting" program at step 50, and the processing at step 60.
The data regarding the key press corresponding to KEVT1 is output to the musical sound generation circuit 13, and the key press event data is outputted to the musical sound generation circuit 13.
The circular processing of the key press event processing routine described above continues to be executed until KEVT1 is exhausted. When all the key press event data KEVT1 has been processed through this circular process, the CPU 14b determines "NO" in step 32, and the program returns to step 3.
Proceed to step 3, key press and operation detection register area
If the key release event data KEVT2 does not exist in the KOR, it is determined as "NO" in step 33,
The execution of the key processing routine is completed by the processing in step 34, and if the key release event data KEVT2 exists, it is determined as "YES" in step 33.
The program advances to a key release event processing routine consisting of steps 70-73.

In this key release event processing routine, the CPU
14b reads one key release event data KEVT2 consisting of key data KD from the key press and operation register area KOR in step 70, and stores key data KD to be processed in the general register GNR in the future.
After storing the key release event data in step 71, the key release event data is read from the register area KOR.
Erase KEVT2. Next, the CPU 14b reads out the stored key data KD and uses the same key code KC as the key code KC of this key data KD.
Find the assigned key data AKD whose key-on data KO is "1" from among the assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N) stored in the assigned key data register area AKDR, and select the found assignment. The key data KD of the key data AKD is set to "0", and the key data KD is set to "0" in step 73, and the channel number data representing the channel in which the key data KD was stored. CHN is output to the musical tone generation circuit 13.
Thereby, the musical tone generation circuit 13 controls the attenuation of the musical tone signal during generation of the musical tone generation channel specified by the channel number data CHN.
At this time, if the sustain data SUS set in the sustain pedal processing routine described later is "0", the above-mentioned attenuation will proceed rapidly as shown by the broken line in Figure 3A, and the sustain data
If SUS is "1", the attenuation proceeds slowly as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3A.

After processing step 73, the CPU 14b advances the program to step 32, and then proceeds to step 3.
2, the key release event data KEVT2 of the key press and operation detection register area KOR is determined as “NO”.
Steps 32, 33, 70-7 until
Execute the cycle process in step 3 and collect the key release event data.
When KEVT2 is exhausted, the determination in step 33 is "NO", the execution of the key processing routine is ended in the processing of step 34, and the execution of the sustain pedal processing routine of step 23 in FIG. 5 is started.

d Sustain Pedal Processing Operation To explain in detail the sustain pedal processing operation that occurs when the sustain pedal 12 is depressed or released, the sustain pedal processing program in step 23 of FIG. 5 is shown in detail in the flowchart of FIG. 11. There is. In this program, the CPU 14b starts executing the program in step 80, reads current state data indicating the current state of the sustain pedal 12 from the sustain pedal switch circuit 12a in step 81, and reads general register data in steps 82a and 82b. Sustain data indicating the previous state of the sustain pedal 12 stored in the area GNR
A change in the state of the sustain pedal 12 is detected by comparing the SUS with the current state data.

If the sustain pedal 12 has not been previously depressed and is newly depressed, the sustain data is "0" and the current status data imported above is "1".
Therefore, the CPU 14b determines "YES" at step 82a, that is, there is an on event, and outputs the sustain data at step 83a.
Change the setting of SUS to “1”. Next, CPU1
4b sequentially reads the assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N) stored in the assigned key data register area AKDR in step 84a,
These assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N)
The key being pressed in the key, that is, the key-on data KO
Assigned key data representing a key where is “1”
It is checked whether or not there is AKD, and if there is assigned key data AKD for the currently pressed key, in step 84b, the key having the minimum key code KC from among the assigned key data AKD for the currently pressed key is determined. is found, and the key code KC is stored in the general register area GNR as the lowest note.
In addition, the assigned key data AKD regarding key depression
If not, the CPU 14b determines "NO" in step 84a, and in step 84c, the lowest note key code LKC in the general register area GNR is selected.
is the key code for the highest note C8 on keyboard 10
Set it to a value larger than KC (108), for example "128". As a result, if there is a key being pressed on the keyboard 10 when the sustain pedal 12 is depressed, the lowest note among these keys is detected.
If no key is pressed, the lowest note will not be detected. Note that the reason why the lowest note key code LKC was set larger than the key code KC (108) of the highest note C8 on the keyboard 10 in step 84c is because a new key was pressed while the sustaining pedal 12 was in the depressed state. In this case, the new key is detected as the lowest note by the processing of steps 51a to 51c in FIG. 9 described above.

After setting the lowest note key code LKC above, the CPU
14b is the sustain data at step 85.
Outputs SUS (="1") to the musical tone generation circuit 13,
The execution of the sustain pedal processing routine is completed by the processing of step 86. Musical sound generation circuit 1
3 stores this sustain data SUS (="1"), and thereafter stores this sustain data SUS (="1").
The same data shows the attenuation characteristics of music generated in each musical sound generation channel until “1”) is changed.
Control is based on SUS (="1"), and as a result,
Even after the key is released, the musical tone slowly attenuates as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3A.

If the sustain pedal 12 was previously depressed and is now released, the sustain data SUS stored in the general register area GNR is "1", and the sustain pedal 12 data imported in step 81 above is "1". Since the current state data is "0", the CPU 14b determines "NO" in step 82a, that is, there is no on-event, and determines "YES" in step 82b, that is, that there is an off-event, and then outputs the sustain data in step 83b. Change the setting of SUS to "0" and set the lowest key code LKC in the general register area GNR to key 1 in step 84d.
Set to a value smaller than the key code KC (21) of the lowest note Ao at 0, for example "1". In this way, setting the lowest note key code LKC to the value "1" which is not used as the key code KC representing the key of the keyboard 10 means that the lowest note key code LKC is set when the sustaining pedal 12 is not depressed. It means to keep it clear.
After the processing in step 84d, the CPU 14b outputs the sustain data SUS (="0") to the musical tone generation circuit 13 in step 85 in the same way as described above, and ends the execution of the sustain pedal processing routine in the processing in step 86. do. The musical tone generation circuit 13 receives this sustain data SUS (=
“0”) is memorized, and from now on this sustain data
Until the SUS (="0") is changed, the attenuation characteristic of the musical tone generated in each musical tone generation channel is controlled based on the value "0" of the same data SUS, and the musical tone is thereby released from the 3rd A key. As shown by the broken line in the figure, it begins to attenuate rapidly.

Furthermore, if the state of the sustain pedal 12 does not change, the sustain data SUS stored in the general register area GNP and the sustain pedal 12 input in step 81 above are added.
The current state data of is the same, and the CPU 14b is
At step 82a, it is determined ``NO'', that is, there is no on event, and at step 82b, it is determined ``NO'', that is, there is no off event, and the execution of this sustain pedal processing routine is ended by the process of step 86.

e Effects of the embodiment As can be understood from the above explanation of the operation, in the above embodiment, the priority data PRD(1) to PRD(N) for determining the allocation priority are set only by key press detection. and musical tone generation circuit 1
Since the envelope amplitude value data indicating the volume of the musical tones generated from 3 is not required, the key pressing and splitting device according to this embodiment can be realized at low cost. In addition, the above priority data PRD(1) to PRD
(N), when the key is pressed, step 52a in FIG.
By the processing in steps 52b, 53a, 53b, and 53c, the key touch strength is initially set to a value that increases as the pitch becomes lower (see Fig. 10), and by the processing in steps 55a and 55b in Fig. 9, the key touch strength increases. This initialized priority data is initialized to a value that increases as the
PRD(1) to PRD(N) are reduced by one percentage each time a key is pressed by the process of step 42 in FIG. 1, and the reduced priority data PRD(1) to
Steps 45a and 45b based on PRD(N)
Processing of small value priority data PRD
The channel that stores this is determined as the channel to which a new key will be assigned when the key is pressed, so the newly pressed key will have a lower pitch and a greater key touch strength. It becomes difficult to allocate to a channel that is generating a musical tone whose decay time is long, and the allocation priority order becomes more appropriate than that determined only by the order of key presses.

Furthermore, when the same key is pressed twice or more during a predetermined number of key press operations (number of musical sound generation channels N), such as when playing a trill, the key is Assignment is allowed for up to two channels, so musical tones related to the same key can be generated simultaneously on two channels,
For example, as seen in natural instruments such as the piano, an effect where a resonant device such as a soundboard generates the musical sound related to the previous keystroke, even though the strings that are the sound source generate the musical sound related to the subsequent keystroke. can be better simulated. In addition, if the same key is pressed three or more times during a predetermined number of key press operations (number of musical sound generation channels N), the seventh
Through step 45c in the figure and the processing of the timer interrupt program in Figure 8, the key is re-assigned to the channel to which the same previously pressed key was assigned, taking into account the strength of the key touch and the time elapsed since the key was pressed. As a result, even if the same key is repeatedly pressed many times in succession, all or most of the musical tone generation channels will not be occupied by the same key, and moreover, the channels to which the same key is assigned will not be occupied. Since the newly pressed key is assigned to the one with the lowest volume, this assignment is also appropriate. Note that this overlapping assignment of the same key becomes more effective as the sustain pedal 12 is depressed and the decay time of the musical tone is longer.

Furthermore, if the sustain pedal 12 is being depressed and the decay time of the generated musical tone is long, the lowest note is detected by the processing in steps 51b and 51c in FIG. 9 and steps 84b and 84c in FIG. Steps 44a, 44b, 45
As a result of the processing in steps a and 45b, the assignment of a newly pressed key to the channel to which the lowest note is assigned is prohibited, so the lowest note continues to be generated, making it difficult to hear on a piano, etc. As shown in FIG. Furthermore, if the sustain pedal 12 is not depressed and the decay time of the generated musical tone is short, the lowest note key code LKC is cleared by the process of step 84d in FIG. 11 so that the lowest note is not detected, so the decay time is short. If the bass part (particularly the lowest note) does not have a lingering sound, the above-mentioned assignment prohibition is canceled and the assignment of the newly pressed key is not unnecessarily restricted. This allows all tone generation channels to be used for effect.

e Other Embodiments In the above embodiments, an example has been described in which the key press assignment device according to the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument in which the musical tone generation circuit 13 generates attenuated musical tones such as a piano or a harpsichord. The key press assignment device according to the disclosure is a musical tone generation circuit 13.
It is also applied to electronic musical instruments that generate sustained musical tones, such as flutes and violins. In this case, as shown by the solid line in Figure 3B, the envelope waveform amplitude value rises rapidly at the same time as the key is pressed, maintains a nearly constant level SL while the key is being pressed, and changes in accordance with the decay time constant DT after the key is released. In this case, the decay time of a musical tone is determined not by the key press timing but by the key release timing, so the priority data PRD(1) ~
The subtraction of PRD(N) is executed every time the key is released only in the channel where the key is released.
That is, instead of executing the process of step 42 in FIG. 7 in the "assigned channel search" program, it is executed only on the channel for which the key has been released in the key release event processing routine consisting of steps 70 to 73 in FIG. Furthermore, in the envelope waveform amplitude value of a sustained tone, the attenuation time constant DT changes as the pitch becomes lower, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 3B, and the constant level SL changes as the pitch decreases. As the strength increases, it changes as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3B. Furthermore, the key touch detection device used to control sustained musical tones can be usually constructed with a so-called aftertouch sensor that continues to detect the key depression depth or key depression pressure while the key is being depressed, and the key touch detection device used to control sustained musical tones can be configured with a so-called aftertouch sensor that continues to detect the key depression depth or key depression pressure while the key is being depressed. are changed and controlled based on this detection result, so when applying the key press assignment device according to the present invention to an electronic musical instrument having this type of touch detection device, the priority order data PRD(1) to PRD according to the key touch strength is changed. The weighting of (N) is performed when the key is released. That is,
The processing of steps 55a and 55b in FIG.
It should be executed after the processing of step 72 or step 73 in the figure, and in this case, it is not the assigned channel number data ACHN, but the
It is preferable to weight the priority order data PRD of the channel specified by the key release channel detected in , depending on the key touch strength.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a signal representing each key touch strength is output from the key press speed detection circuit or key press pressure detection circuit provided for each key. and a change-over type switch including a second fixed contact and a movable contact that is movable by key press operation, and a time period during which the movable contact switches from the first fixed contact to the second fixed contact in response to the key press operation. The key pressing speed is measured by a counting means, or each key has two sets of switches each having a fixed contact and a movable contact that moves according to the key pressing operation. In the case where the key press speed is detected by measuring the timing difference between the closing (or opening) of two sets of switches using a counting means, the number of counting means corresponding to the number of musical sound generation channels is prepared, and the number of keys pressed is It is also possible to allocate the counting means at the same time as the assignment, so that data representing the key touch strength associated with key depression may be obtained in accordance with the counting result of the counting means.

Further, in the above embodiment, a key pressed on the keyboard 10 is assigned to one of the musical sound generation channels, and the musical sound generation channel is assigned to the operator group 1.
Since one musical tone selected by operation 1 is generated, the priority data PRD(1) ~
PRD(N) is not weighted according to the tone, but the key press assignment device according to the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument that assigns different tones to a plurality of musical tone generation channels for one key press. When applied, since the attenuation time constant DT changes for each timbre, it is preferable to weight the priority data PRD(1) to PRD(N) according to the assigned timbre at the same time as the allocation for each timbre.

In the above embodiment, priority order data PRD(1) to PRD(N) representing the priority order of allocation are used.
Based on this, the assigned channel of the newly pressed key is determined by the processing of steps 45a and 45b (FIG. 7) of the "assigned channel search" program, but the special feature cited in the [prior art] section above As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-22238, the assigned channel is determined by searching for a musical tone generating channel in which the volume level of the actual musical tone generated by the musical tone generating circuit 13 is the minimum. Good too. In this case, the CPU 14 performs the steps 45a and 45 described above.
In b, priority data as in the above embodiment
Instead of the process of detecting the minimum value of PRD(1) to PRD(N), the envelope waveform amplitude values for controlling the volume level of musical tones in each musical tone generation channel of the musical tone generating circuit 13 are compared, and the envelope waveform amplitude value is It is preferable to detect the musical tone generating channel with the lowest volume level (minimum volume level) and determine this channel as the allocated channel number data ACHN.

Further, in the above embodiment, when the sustain pedal 12 is not depressed,
By clearing the lowest note key code LKC in the process of step 84d in FIG. 11, the lowest note is not detected from among the assigned key data AKD(1) to AKD(N), and then steps 44a and 84d in FIG. Through the processing in step 45b, the newly pressed key is also assigned to the musical sound generation channel to which the key corresponding to the lowest note has been assigned. The musical tone generation channel to which the assigned key is to be assigned is determined from among all the musical tone generation channels based on a predetermined priority order. It can also be realized by modifying the program as shown in the flowchart. In the program corresponding to the flowchart of FIG. 12, steps 140, 141,
142 processes are added, and the CPU14b
is the sustain data SUS at step 140.
The state of the sustain pedal 12 is determined based on the above, and if the sustain pedal 12 is depressed, in step 44a, assigned key data regarding not the lowest note and key release is determined as in the above embodiment.
The channel in which AKD is stored is extracted, and if the sustain pedal 12 is released, in step 141, the channel in which the assigned key data AKD related to key release is stored is extracted regardless of the lowest note, and the corresponding channel is selected by the above extraction. If there is, priority data is extracted from the corresponding channel by the processing in steps 44b and 45a.
The allocated channel is determined based on the PRD.
If there is no corresponding channel listed above,
At step 142, the sustain data is
The state of the sustain pedal 12 is determined based on the SUS, and if the sustain pedal 12 is depressed, in step 45b, a channel is assigned based on the priority data PRD from among the musical sound generation channels to which the key corresponding to the lowest note is not assigned. is determined, and the sustain pedal 12
If the pedal has been released, in step 45d, an assigned channel is determined based on the priority order data PRD from among all musical tone generation channels, regardless of the lowest tone. Thereby, effects equivalent to those of the above embodiment can be achieved.

Further, in the above embodiment, the sustain pedal 1
2 is pressed, only the musical sound generation channel to which the key corresponding to the lowest note is assigned will be prohibited from assigning a newly pressed key, but the process for setting the lowest note key code LKC and Steps 44a and 4 in FIG. 7 (or FIG. 12)
By changing the process in step 5b, the above keys can be set to (1) a musical sound generation channel to which the key corresponding to the lowest note is assigned, (2) a key corresponding to 2nd or 3rd note from the bass or treble side. an assigned musical sound generation channel; (3) a musical sound generation channel to which keys corresponding to sounds included in a predetermined range, for example, one to two octaves from the lowest or highest note, are assigned; (4) a predetermined musical sound generation channel; A musical sound generation channel to which keys corresponding to sounds belonging to a range (for example, a low range, a middle range, and a high range) are assigned, or (5) a musical sound generation channel that combines each of the above (1) to (4). may not be assigned. In this case, by lengthening the decay time of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generation channel (increasing the decay time constant DT), it is possible to continue generating the musical tone for a longer period of time than other musical tones, which has not been possible until now. No performance effect is achieved.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the key press assignment device according to the present invention is configured using an existing microcomputer, but this key press assignment device has functions corresponding to each process of the program of the above embodiment. It may also be configured by a hard circuit that combines each electric circuit.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram corresponding to the configuration of the invention described in the claims, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which this invention is applied, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams of musical tones. Diagram showing envelope waveform, 4th
FIGS. A to 4F are diagrams showing examples of memory maps of the RAM 14c provided in the microcomputer section 14 of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 5 to 9 and 1
1 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to a program executed by the microcomputer unit 14 in FIG. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to a modified program that is a partial modification of the program shown in FIG. Explanation of symbols, 10...Keyboard, 10a...Key switch circuit, 10b...Key touch detection circuit, 11...
...Manipulator group, 11a...Manipulator switch circuit, 1
2...Sustain pedal, 12a...Sustain pedal switch circuit, 13...Musical tone generation circuit, 1
4...Microcomputer section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A keyboard having a plurality of keys, a plurality of musical sound generation channels smaller than the number of keys, and an operator for selecting the length of decay time of the musical sound generated in each of the musical sound generation channels. an electronic musical instrument comprising: assigning means for assigning the pressed key to any one of the musical sound generation channels in response to a new key pressed on the keyboard; a detection means for detecting an assigned musical tone generation channel; and a detection means for detecting a musical tone generation channel to which a key is to be assigned by the assignment means when the operator selects the long decay time state. Restriction to musical sound generation channels other than the musical sound generation channel, and when the operator selects the short decay time state, the restriction is not applied to the musical sound generation channels to which keys are to be assigned by the assigning means. 1. A key press assignment device for an electronic musical instrument, characterized in that the key press assignment device is configured by means. 2. The specific key is a bass key corresponding to one or more musical tones counted from the bass side among the musical tones generated in each of the musical tone generation channels, and the detection means is a bass key to which the bass key is assigned. A key press assignment device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, comprising a bass detecting means for detecting a musical sound generation channel. 3. The specific key is a treble key corresponding to one or more musical tones counted from the treble side among the musical tones generated in the musical tone generation channel, and the detection means is configured to detect the musical tones assigned to the treble key. A key press assignment device for an electronic musical instrument as set forth in claim 1, comprising a treble detecting means for detecting a generation channel. 4. The specific key is a key belonging to a predetermined key range of the keyboard, and the detection means is configured by a predetermined key range key detection means for detecting a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to the predetermined key range is assigned. A key assignment device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1.