JPH0334791B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a dispersant for coal-water slurry.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a dispersant that disperses coal powder in water and provides a fluidized coal-water slurry even with a high concentration of coal. (Problems to be Solved by the Prior Art and the Invention) Petroleum, which has been widely used as an energy source, has seen a significant rise in its price and there are concerns that it will run out. Therefore, the challenge is to develop other energy sources that can provide a stable supply, and coal is once again becoming widely available. However, the biggest problem in using coal is transportation problems due to the fact that coal is solid. BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, mined coal is pulverized into powder, which is made into a coal-water slurry to be fluidized and transported by pipeline. On the other hand, COM (Coal−
Oil-Mixture) has reached the practical stage, but
Since oil is used, there are problems in terms of stable supply and price, and high concentration coal-water slurry is seen as a promising coal utilization technology in the future. This slurry technology of coal in water is about to be used in an extremely wide range of coal uses, such as direct coal combustion and gasification, in addition to the above-mentioned coal pipeline transportation, and is becoming an important issue in coal use. ing. It is preferable for this coal-water slurry to be a highly concentrated slurry with little moisture from the economic and pollution prevention viewpoints. In particular, in the case of direct combustion of coal-water slurry, which can eliminate wastewater treatment and pollution problems, the coal-water slurry is passed through a cyclone or turbulent burner without dehydration, drying, etc. Since it is charged and burned directly in the furnace, it is necessary to reduce the moisture content as much as possible. However, when attempting to increase the concentration of coal powder using known techniques, the slurry becomes significantly thickened and loses fluidity. On the other hand, if the concentration of coal powder in the slurry is lowered, transportation efficiency, combustion efficiency, etc. will decrease, and if the coal-water slurry is used after being dehydrated, the dehydration and drying processes will also be costly. There are other problems, such as pollution problems. Conventionally, various dispersants for coal-water slurries have been proposed to solve such problems. For example, surfactants such as sodium oleate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, stearylamine hydrochloride, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, celluloses, sodium polyacrylate, and lignin sulfone. Examples include water-soluble polymers such as acid soda and sodium naphthalene sulfonate/formalin condensate. However, both have insufficient fluidity and lack practicality. The present inventors continued intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems in dispersants for coal-water slurries, and found that a certain water-soluble copolymer has excellent effects as a dispersant for coal-water slurries. The present invention was completed based on the discovery that the present invention has the following properties. That is, the present invention provides a dispersant for easily producing a coal-water slurry that has fluidity even at high concentrations. (Means and effects for solving the problems) The present invention is based on the general formula (However, in the formula, R ¹ , R ² , and R ³ each independently represent hydrogen or a methyl group, and A ¹ is -CH ₂ -, -(
CH ₂ ) -- ₂ , -(CH ₂ ) -- ₃ or -C(CH ₃ ) ₂ --
, A ² represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n is 0 or a number of 1 to 100 on average, and R ⁴
represents a monovalent organic group derived from hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkyl group having an aryl group as a substituent, a cyclic alkyl group, a cyclic alkenyl group, or a heterocyclic compound. show. ) 1 selected from unsaturated monomers () represented by
species or two or more species and general formula (However, in the formula, R ⁵ represents hydrogen or a methyl group, Z represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and M represents hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an ammonium group, or an amine base.) One or more selected from sulfoalkyl (meth)acrylate monomers () are an essential component, and the molar ratio of the monomer () to the monomer () is 1:2 to 1. Coal consisting of a water-soluble copolymer obtained from raw material monomers in the range of: This invention relates to a dispersant for water slurry. The coal used in the coal-water slurry can be any type of coal, such as anthracite, bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, and lignite, regardless of its type or production area, and regardless of its moisture content or chemical composition. Such coal is wet- or dry-pulverized by a conventional method to obtain a 200 mesh pass of 50% by weight or more, preferably 70 to 80% by weight. Also, the slurry concentration is 60-90% by weight on the dry basis of pulverized coal, and 60% by weight
If it is less than that, it is not practical in terms of economy, transportation efficiency, combustion efficiency, etc. The water-soluble copolymer that is effective as a dispersant for coal-water slurry of the present invention has monomer () and monomer () as essential components, and has a molar ratio of monomer () and monomer (). The ratio is in the range of 1:2 to 1:500, more preferably 1:5 to 1:200, and the total of monomer () and monomer () is 50 mol% or more of the total monomers. Obtained from certain raw material monomers. The monomer () is represented by the above general formula, and examples of the monomer () include 2-propen-1-ol (allyl alcohol), 2-methyl-2-propen-1-ol , 2-butene-1
-ol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 2-ol
Unsaturated alcohols such as methyl-3-buten-2-ol; Compounds in which 1 to 100 moles of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide are added to 1 mole of these unsaturated alcohols; The hydrogen of the terminal hydroxyl group of alcohols and alkylene oxide addition compounds is replaced with other substituents, such as alkyl groups with 1 to 30 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, dodecyl, and propenyl groups, alkenyl groups, and phenyl groups.・Aryl groups such as p-methylphenyl group, nonylphenyl group, chlorophenyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, phenanthryl group, alkyl group having an aryl group such as benzyl group, p-methylbenzyl group, phenylpropyl group as a substituent, Examples include terminal ether compounds substituted with organic groups derived from cyclic alkyl groups such as cyclohexyl groups, cyclic alkenyl groups such as cyclopentenal groups, and heterocyclic compounds such as pyridyl groups and thienyl groups. One or more of these can be used. In addition, the monomer () is also represented by the above general formula, and examples of the monomer () include 2-sulfoethyl (meth)acrylate, 3
-Sulfopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-sulfopropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-sulfopropan-2-yl (meth)acrylate, 4-
Examples include sulfobutyl (meth)acrylate, their alkali metal salts such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium and calcium, ammonium salts, and organic amine salts, and one or more of these may be used. be able to. The molar ratio of monomer () to monomer () is in the range of 1:2 to 1:500, and if the ratio is outside this range, the copolymer with excellent dispersion performance will result. Can't get union. In addition to these monomers () and monomers (), monomers () copolymerizable with these monomers can be used within a range of less than 50 mol% of the total monomers. . Examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid,
Maleic acid, fumaric acid, monovalent metal salts, divalent metal salts, ammonium salts, organic amine salts of these acids, and esters obtained from these acids and alcohols, such as methyl (meth)acrylate;
Various unsaturated sulfonic acids other than monomers such as vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and their monovalent metal salts and divalent Metal salts, ammonium salts and organic amine salts; (meth)acrylamide, N-
Examples include various (meth)acrylamides such as methylol (meth)acrylamide; aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and p-methylstyrene; vinyl acetate, propenyl acetate, and vinyl chloride; one or more of these may be used. Can be used. The amount of these monomers () and monomers () that can be copolymerized with monomers () is within the range of less than 50 mol% of the total monomers, and if used in large amounts exceeding this range, The dispersion performance of the resulting copolymer deteriorates. In the present invention, in order to produce a water-soluble copolymer, the monomer components may be copolymerized using a polymerization initiator. Copolymerization can be carried out by methods such as polymerization in a solvent or bulk polymerization. Polymerization in a solvent can be carried out either batchwise or continuously, and the solvent used in this case is water;
Lower alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol; benzene,
Examples include aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, and n-hexane; ethyl acetate; and ketone compounds such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. In view of the solubility of the raw material monomer and the resulting copolymer, and the convenience of using the copolymer, at least one selected from the group consisting of water and lower alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms should be used. is preferred. Among the lower alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol are particularly effective. When polymerization is carried out in an aqueous medium, a water-soluble polymerization initiator such as ammonium or alkali metal persulfate or hydrogen peroxide is used as the polymerization initiator. At this time, an accelerator such as sodium hydrogen sulfite can also be used in combination. Also, lower alcohols,
For polymerization using aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, ethyl acetate or ketone compounds as solvents, peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide; hydroperoxides such as cumene hydroperoxide; azobisisobutyronitrile Aliphatic azo compounds such as, etc. are used as polymerization initiators. At this time, a promoter such as an amine compound can also be used in combination. Furthermore, when a water-lower alcohol mixed solvent is used, it can be appropriately selected from among the various polymerization initiators or combinations of polymerization initiators and accelerators mentioned above. The polymerization temperature is appropriately determined depending on the solvent and polymerization initiator used, but it is usually carried out within the range of 0 to 120°C. Bulk polymerization is carried out using peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide; hydroperoxides such as cumene hydroperoxide; and aliphatic azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile as polymerization initiators at 50 to 150°C. carried out within a temperature range. In addition, the molecular weight of the copolymer can be used in a wide range, but considering its performance as a dispersant for coal-water slurry, it is in the range of 1,000 to 500,000, especially 5,000,000 to 500,000.
A range of ~300,000 is preferred. The dispersant for coal-water slurries of the present invention is used in pulverized coal-water slurries, but the amount added is not particularly limited and is effective over a wide range of amounts. 0.05-2% by weight (dry basis), preferably 0.1-1
It is used in a proportion of % by weight. In order to use the dispersant for coal-water slurry of the present invention, the dispersant may be mixed with coal in advance to form a slurry, or the dispersant may be dissolved in water in advance. May be used. Of course, a predetermined amount of the dispersant may be mixed all at once, or may be used batchwise. Furthermore, due to the nature of the dispersant, any device for slurrying coal in water may be used as the slurry device. By these addition methods and slurry making methods,
The scope of the present invention is not limited. In addition, the dispersant for coal-water slurry of the present invention may contain rust preventives, anticorrosive agents, antioxidants, antifoaming agents, antistatic agents, solubilizers, stabilizers, grinding aids, etc. as necessary. Can be added. (Effects of the Invention) The dispersant for coal-water slurry of the present invention has excellent dispersibility of coal in water, and provides highly fluid and highly concentrated coal-water slurry with the addition of a small amount of dispersant. It is possible. By applying the highly concentrated coal-water slurry obtained using the dispersant for coal-water slurry of the present invention, it becomes possible to economically transport coal by pipeline, and it is possible to transport solid coal by combustion. The above problems can be resolved. Therefore, the dispersant for coal-water slurry of the present invention can greatly contribute to the spread of coal utilization technologies such as direct combustion of coal and coal gasification. (Example) Next, the dispersant for coal-water slurry of the present invention will be described in more detail by giving comparative examples and examples, but of course the present invention is not limited thereto. In the examples, unless otherwise specified, parts are by weight. Examples 1 to 10 Monomers () and monomers () shown in Table 1
and if necessary, polymerize the monomer () using the monomer composition (molar ratio) shown in Table 1,
Aqueous solutions of copolymers (1) to (10) were obtained.

【table】

[Table] Example 11 A 200 mesh sieve was added to an aqueous solution containing the copolymers (1) to (10) obtained in Examples 1 to 10 in the amounts shown in Table 2. Coal (bituminous coal) that had been crushed to pass 76% was added little by little at room temperature while stirring. After adding the entire amount to give the coal concentration shown in Table 2, the mixture was stirred for 3 minutes at 5000 RPM using a homomixer (manufactured by Tokushu Kikako) to prepare a coal-water slurry. The viscosity of the obtained coal-water slurry was measured at 25°C to evaluate the fluidity. The results are shown in Table 2. Low viscosity indicates good fluidity. For comparison, comparative copolymers (1) to (3) obtained with the monomer compositions shown in Table 1, sodium polyacrylate (average molecular weight 60,000) or polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 21500) as a dispersant and the results of comparative examples in which no dispersant was used at all are also listed in Table 2.

[Table] ×: Defective

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. General formula (However, in the formula, R ¹ , R ² , and R ³ each independently represent hydrogen or a methyl group, and A ¹ is -CH ₂ -, (-
CH ₂ -) ₂ , (-CH ₂ -) ₃ or -C(CH ₃ ) ₂ -,
A ² represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n is 0 or a number of 1 to 100 on average, R ⁴ is hydrogen,
An alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkyl group having an aryl group as a substituent, a cyclic alkyl group, a cyclic alkenyl group, or a monovalent organic group derived from a heterocyclic compound. ) 1 selected from unsaturated monomers () represented by
species or two or more species and general formula (However, in the formula, R ⁵ represents hydrogen or a methyl group, Z represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and M represents hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an ammonium group, or an amine base.) One or more selected from sulfoalkyl (meth)acrylate monomers () are an essential component, and the molar ratio of the monomer () to the monomer () is 1:2 to 1. Coal made of a water-soluble copolymer obtained from raw material monomers in the range of - Dispersant for water slurry.