JPH0332193B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an emergency light circuit with a built-in storage battery for use in guide lights and the like.

Conventionally, emergency lighting equipment and guide lights with built-in storage batteries, which are regulated by the Fire Service Act and the Building Standards Act,
For example, a circuit as shown in FIG. 1 has been provided, and in this conventional circuit shown in _FIG . through fluorescent light
FL is lit. At this time, since the coil of relay Ry is energized, its contacts r ₁ , r ₂ , and r ₃ are all in contact with the NO side. G in the diagram is a glow lamp.
_C3 is a noise prevention capacitor. The other charger section 2
The step-down transformer PT is suitable for low voltages from 3V to 50V (usually
In order to efficiently charge storage battery B, which has a terminal voltage of 4.5V to 15V), the voltage is stepped down, and diode _D1 is converted to DC,
Charging operation is always performed via resistor _R1 that limits the charging current (trickle charging method). Therefore, storage battery B is always maintained in a fully charged state in preparation for an emergency. Next, in the event of an emergency due to a power outage, the coil current will not flow through relay Ry, so its contacts r ₁ ,
r ₂ and r ₃ switch to NC, disconnect the commercial lighting circuit,
The fluorescent lamp FL is connected to the inverter 3, which is composed of a switch CH ₁ , transistors Q ₁ and Q ₂ , an inverter transformer OT, a ballast capacitor C ₁ , and a capacitor C ₂ which is an impedance for controlling the preheating current, and a storage battery B is connected to the inverter 3's emergency It is connected as a power source, and the starting power is obtained from the resistor _R2 , and the inverter 3 oscillates and lights up in an emergency.

By the way, since the oil shocks, and with the current energy-saving philosophy taking hold, people have started to talk about the running costs of keeping the lights on all the time, and using power-saving commercial ballasts and fully charged batteries. It uses a power-saving charging method that does not supply excess charging power. As a result, inverter type ballasts are increasingly being used as commercial ballasts. The reason is that by lighting the fluorescent light FL at high frequency,
This is because it becomes a power-saving ballast by reducing cathode drop and improving luminous efficiency.Especially for guide lights and some emergency lighting equipment that are continuously lit, power-saving ballasts can be used. As reductions in electricity costs have become a criterion for major installations, there is strong demand for energy-saving guide lights and emergency lighting equipment from both builders and users. However, simply replacing a commercial ballast with an inverter type ballast would be expensive and large in size. Therefore, since an inverter is used both at all times and in emergencies, it would be possible to share the inverter, which would be cheaper and less bulky. Based on this idea, it is conceivable to share the commercial lighting section and the emergency lighting section as shown in Fig. 2. However, in this case, emergency lighting equipment and guide lights with built-in storage batteries exhibit a charging phenomenon due to variations in the capacity and lifespan of storage battery B, and there is a high risk of explosion due to abnormal heat generation and hydrogen release. In order to prevent this, nickel cadmium storage batteries and sealed storage batteries are connected in series within 10 cells, so the terminal voltage V _B of storage battery B is equal to the commercial power supply voltage.
Much lower than V _AC (V _B 《V _AC ). For this reason, if the inverter 3 is shared with the emergency voltage V _B as shown in Figure 2, the fluorescent lamp FL will not turn on in an emergency because the output voltage to the inverter 3 is low, or even if it is turned on in an emergency, the required brightness will not be enough. Therefore, there is a problem that the storage battery B, which is expensive, may not be able to perform its original function or may be wasted.

As an improvement, it may be possible to charge several groups of storage batteries B in parallel during charging (each group consists of 10 cells or less connected in series), and connect all groups in series during discharging to bring the overall voltage V _B closer to V _AC . In order to avoid the above-mentioned dangerous conditions caused by variations in the capacity of storage battery B and variations between cells at the end of their lifespan, overcharging prevention, overdischarging prevention (reverse charging prevention), complexity of switching circuits during charging and discharging, etc. Considering the problems that may arise, the disadvantages are that the number of parts increases, the price is large, the size is large, and the reliability is poor.Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, the method of sharing the inverter 3 as it is is a method with a built-in storage battery. It can be seen that it is unsuitable for emergency lighting circuits.

The present invention has been provided in view of the above-mentioned points, and the inverter section for commercial lighting and the inverter section for emergency lighting use a part in common to reduce cost and size and reduce power consumption. Emergency lighting circuits used for emergency lighting equipment with built-in storage batteries and guide lights with built-in storage batteries that comply with the Building Standards Act and Fire Service Act, and which are connected to the other while one of the commercial lighting circuit parts or the emergency lighting circuit parts is in operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an emergency lighting circuit that can prevent part of its output from going around and causing problems.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows a circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which l ₁ ,
l ₂ is an inductance for limiting the preheating current, D ₅ and D ₆ are diodes for preventing sneak current, Q ₁ and Q ₂ are transistors as switch elements constituting the inverter 3, and OT ₁ is an inverter transformer. In the inverter transformer OT ₁ , n ₂ is the secondary winding, nf is the preheating winding, and n ₁₁ , n' ₁₁ , n ₁₂ , n' ₁₂ are the primary windings (see Fig. 4). The entire secondary windings n ₁₁ to n' ₁₂ are used to construct the inverter circuit during commercial lighting, and part of the secondary windings n ₁₂ and n' ₁₂ is used to form the inverter circuit during emergency lighting. configured. Further, D ₁ to _{D 4} are diode bridges, and L is a choke for limiting the peak of the transient collector current. The inverter 3 is configured to perform push-pull operation by alternately turning on and off transistors Q ₁ and Q ₂ . Inverter 3
The circuit system may be of any type, and the bases of the transistors Q ₁ and Q ₂ may be self-excited or separately excited, but the base signal during lighting during emergency or commercial use is The structure is such that it is not affected by interference from other circuits. In the figure, FL is a fluorescent lamp, B is a storage battery, and CH ₂ is a ballast for current limiting the fluorescent lamp FL. 4 is a non-contact switching section as a switching element that is turned on during a power outage of the commercial AC power supply, and includes transistors Q ₃ , Q ₄ ,
Resistor R ₁ ~ R ₅ , Photocoupler PC, Diode
It consists of D ₇ , capacitor C _11, etc., and is connected to a commercial power supply.
When AC voltage is present, transistor Q ₃ is turned off, and when commercial power supply AC becomes no voltage, transistor Q ₃ is turned on to switch to emergency lighting.

Thus, in the embodiment circuit of FIG _. 3, _the commercial power supply AC is normally rectified by the diode bridges D ₁ to _{D 4} and used as a DC power supply. The inverter circuit for lighting is a transistor.
It oscillates by controlling the signals of Q ₁ and Q ₂ . That is,
Under normal conditions, the transistors Q ₁ of inverter 3,
When _{Q 2 is} turned on, _the windings _n ¹¹ _,
Current will flow through n ₁₂ or n' ₁₁ and n' ₁₂ . As a result, if the output voltage of diode bridges D ₁ to _{D 4} is Vdc, winding n ₂ has Vdc・n ₂ /
A voltage of (n ₁₁ + n ₁₂ ) or Vdc×n ₂ / (n' ₁₁ + n' ₁₂ ) is generated, and using this as a power source, the fluorescent lamp FL uses a ballast.
Lights up via CH ₂ . On the other hand, storage battery B is a commercial power source
The battery is being charged by a charger 5 that has AC input.
Furthermore, the non-contact switching section 4 is connected to commercial power by diode D ₇ .
The AC is converted to direct current, smoothed by an electrolytic capacitor C ₁₁ , and the current limited by a resistor R ₅ is passed through the light emitting side of the Photo Katsupura PC to emit light.
turns on the light-receiving side of transistor Q4, bypasses the base current of transistor _Q4 , and turns off this transistor _Q4 ,
Transistor _Q3 is turned off to prevent storage battery B from supplying power to inverter transformer _OT1 . Next, in the event of an emergency, when the commercial power supply AC is out of power, the non-contact switching section 4
The light emitting part of the PC does not emit light, its light receiving part remains off, and the base current of the transistor _Q4 flows, turning it on.Therefore, the transistor _Q3 is turned on, and the emergency power source of the storage battery B is transferred to the inverter transformer _OT1. supplied to That is, in an emergency, as each transistor Q ₁ , Q ₂ turns on, a diode D ₅ -winding n ₁₂ -transistor is connected across the storage battery B.
Q ₁ , transistor Q ₃ or diode D ₆ - winding n ₁₂
- Transistor Q ₂ - Transistor Q ₃ A current flows through the path, and if the output voltage of storage battery B is V _B , then winding n ₂ has V _B · n ₂ /n ₁₂ or V _B · n ₂ / n' A voltage of ₁₂ is generated and lights the fluorescent lamp FL through the ballast CH ₂ . At this time, the voltage of V _B・n ₂ /n ₁₂ is determined in advance to a predetermined value based on V _B and the winding specifications of inverter transformer OT ₁ , taking into account the brightness in an emergency so that it is a predetermined value that can start and maintain the lighting. has been done. On the other hand, in an emergency, voltage is also induced in the windings n ₁₁ and n ₁₁ ' due to the oscillation operation of the inverter transformer OT ₁ .
If this induced power supply does not have diodes D ₅ and D ₆ ,
It flows as a circulating current as shown by the dashed line in Fig. 4, as if windings n ₁₁ and n ₁₁ ' constitute a short circuit,
This causes a large amount of current to flow and interferes with the emergency lighting operation. Therefore, diodes D ₅ and D ₅ are inserted to block circulating current in order to avoid the above-mentioned trouble.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a charging power source is taken from an intermediate tap of an inverter transformer _OT1 , and a predetermined charging current is supplied to a storage battery B through a diode _D8 and a resistor _R6 to charge it. In this way, the charger 5 can be easily configured without having to take the trouble of providing a separate transformer or the like. In addition, Ry in Fig. 5 is a relay for power failure detection, and contact r ₃ of this relay Ry
The storage battery B is selectively connected to the charger 5 side and the anode sides of the diodes _D5 and _D6 , and the contact _r3 is the NO contact on the charger 5 connection side, and the charger 5 is connected to the charger 5 side when commercial lighting is on. The output charges the storage battery B, and the output of the charger 5 operates the inverter 3 via the diodes D ₅ and D ₆ during a power outage.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the main circuit components of the inverter for emergency and commercial use can be saved even though the inverter is turned on during commercial lighting to save power. Because all of the parts are shared, the cost is low and the dimensions can be made smaller.
Moreover, since one end of the storage battery is connected through a diode to prevent leakage, it is possible to prevent current from flowing into the storage battery from the DC power obtained by rectifying the commercial power supply, thereby preventing damage to the storage battery. This has the effect that there is no current loss due to circulation, and that lighting can be performed with good power efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional example, Fig. 2 is a block diagram of another conventional example, Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is an essential part for explaining the same circuit. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, B is a storage battery, OT ₁ is an inverter transformer,
D ₅ and D ₆ are diodes.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1.Equipped with an inverter circuit having a switch element that is normally powered by a DC power source obtained by rectifying the commercial power source, and in an emergency when the commercial power source has a power outage, is powered by a storage battery that is charged during normal operation and operates in oscillation, In an emergency lighting circuit in which a lighting load is lit by the output of a secondary winding of an inverter transformer provided in an inverter circuit, the primary winding of an inverter transformer and a switch element are inserted between both ends of the DC power supply. , a tap is provided between the connection point of the inverter transformer to the DC power source and the connection point to one end of the switch element, and one end of the storage battery is connected to the tap via a diode for preventing sneak current. An emergency lighting circuit characterized in that one end of the switch element is connected to the other end of the switch element via a switch element that is turned on during a power outage.