JPH0329529Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] The present invention relates to a lubricating device for a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
The present invention relates to a novel lubricating device that uses a balancer device in which a counterweight provided directly below a cylinder descends when the piston moves up and rises when the piston descends.

[Conventional technology]

The lubrication system of a reciprocating internal combustion engine applies to parts that move while rubbing against each other, such as the piston and cylinder, the connecting rod big end bearing and crank pin, the piston bearing hole and piston pin, and the crankshaft bearing. Apply oil to create an oil film, prevent frictional parts from coming into direct contact, reduce frictional resistance, and remove frictional heat for cooling.
This keeps the piston and cylinder wall airtight.

Conventionally, this lubricating device has two types: a wet sump type and a dry sump type. Wet sump type lubrication includes splash type lubrication, in which the oil stored in the crankcase is splashed onto the lower end of the connecting rod to lubricate the sliding and rotating parts, and the other type is oil stored in the crankcase. There is a forced-spray lubrication method in which oil is pumped to various parts using an oil pump, and the piston and cylinder walls are lubricated by splashing the oil pumped to the crank pin. The dry sump type is similar to the above-mentioned forced droplet lubrication, in which the oil tank is separated from the engine and placed in a separate location, and is equipped with an oil supply pump and an oil drain pump to circulate the oil under pressure.

[The problem that the idea aims to solve]

However, these lubricating devices have the following drawbacks. In other words, in wet sump type splash lubrication, oil is splashed away by an oil paddle, so a large amount of oil is unnecessarily supplied to areas other than where it is needed, and it is difficult to maintain a constant amount of oil supplied.
The ability to reliably supply oil where needed is insufficient. Forced droplet lubrication requires the installation of an oil pressure pump such as a gear type, trochoid type, or plunger type, and a drive device such as a gear is required to drive this, resulting in a complex and expensive structure.
The dry sump type not only has a complicated structure, but also requires the oil tank to be separated from the engine and placed in a separate location, so it cannot be used in layouts where there is limited space for installing the engine.

The present invention was devised in view of the drawbacks of the conventional lubricating device. A counterweight is provided directly below the cylinder, a guide pin is provided perpendicularly protruding from the bottom wall of the crankcase, and the counterweight is attached to the guide pin. The balancer device developed by the present inventor, in which weights are fitted so that they can move up and down, and the counterweight is lowered when the piston rises, is equipped with a pump mechanism to pump the oil in the oil reservoir as the counterweight rises. The object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating device in which the oil is sucked in and the oil is jetted out toward the large end of the connecting rod as the counterweight descends.

[Means to solve the problem]

A lubrication device for a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the present invention to solve the above problems is provided with a counterweight directly below the cylinder, a guide pin vertically protruding from the bottom wall of the crankcase, and a guide pin provided on the counterweight. In a reciprocating internal combustion engine having a balancer device in which a guide hole is fitted in a vertically movable manner so that the counterweight descends when the piston ascends, the guide pin is provided with a bottomed cylindrical oil chamber. At the same time, an oil inlet is provided at the bottom of the counterweight, and a check valve is provided outside the oil inlet to open and close a passage communicating with the oil reservoir, and the counterweight is provided with a passage communicating with the oil chamber of the guide pin. An oil spout facing toward the large end of the connecting rod is connected to the passage, and a check valve for opening and closing the passage is provided in front of the oil spout, so that when the counterweight rises, the oil chamber of the guide pin is filled. The present invention is characterized in that the oil in the oil chamber is sucked up from the oil reservoir, and when the counterweight is lowered, the oil in the oil chamber is jetted out toward the large end of the connecting rod through the oil jet port.

[Effect]

In the reciprocating internal combustion engine lubrication system configured as described above, when the counterweight starts to rise vertically along the guide pin without misalignment, negative pressure is created in the oil chamber and the guide hole of the counterweight, and the counterweight is moved upward. A check valve closes the passage of the weight, opens a passage of the guide pin, and as the counterweight rises, oil is sucked from the oil reservoir at the bottom of the crankcase into the oil chamber through the oil inlet. Conversely, when the counterweight begins to descend vertically along the guide pin without misalignment, the oil in the oil chamber and the guide hole of the counterweight is pressurized, and the check valve closes the guide pin passage, causing the counterweight to move downward. Since the check valve opens the passage of the weight, as the counterweight descends, the oil in the oil chamber is stably and reliably jetted out from the oil spout through the passage toward the large end of the connecting rod. After this, this process is repeated, and oil becomes concentrated in parts that move while rubbing against each other, such as the piston and cylinder, the connecting rod big end bearing and crank pin, the piston bearing hole and piston pin, and the crankshaft bearing. And an oil film is formed by applying it properly,
Lubrication is provided to prevent frictional parts from coming into direct contact. At the same time, due to the vertical movement of the counterweight without misalignment, no vibration occurs in the axial direction of the cylinder, and vibration-free reciprocating motion of the piston, etc. can be realized.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the lubrication system for a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a crankcase, 2 is a cylinder, 3 is a piston (not shown) that moves up and down in the cylinder 2, and a crankshaft 4. This is a connecting rod that connects the crank pin 5. Reference numeral 6 denotes a crank arm, which extends toward the side facing the crank pin 5, and has an enlarged portion provided with a counterweight 7 formed therein. The counterweights 7 have the same mass and moment, and are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the cylinder 2. An eccentric journal 8 is mounted on the crankshaft 4 on the outside of the left and right crank arms 6, and is fixed to the crank arms 6 with pins 9. This eccentric journal 8
The axis of the crankshaft 4 is located vertically below the axis of the crankshaft 4, and is eccentric to the side facing the crank pin 5. Connecting arms 10 are rotatably supported on the left and right eccentric journals 8, respectively, and a counterweight 11 arranged at the lower end of the connecting arms 10 directly below the cylinder 2 and below the left and right crank arms 6 is attached to a pin 12. It is hanging at. This counterweight 11 is approximately rectangular in plan, and has a recess 13 on the upper surface facing the crank pin 5 to avoid the large end (lower end) of the connecting rod 3, and a circular guide hole 14 in the center of the lower surface. installed vertically. A circular guide pin 15 is vertically projected into the crankcase 1 from the bottom wall of the crankcase 1, and the guide hole 14 of the counterweight 11 is fitted into the guide pin 15, so that the counterweight 11 is vertically aligned. It is designed to move up and down. A locking plate 16 attached to the side wall of the crankcase 1 is brought into contact with one end of the counterweight 11 to prevent rotation of the counterweight 11 about the guide pin 15.

The guide pin 1 of the balancer device having such a configuration
5 is provided with a cylindrical oil chamber 17 with a bottom, a circular horizontal hole 18 is provided in the bottom wall of the oil chamber 17, and an oil inlet 19 communicating with the oil chamber 17 is provided above the horizontal hole 18. is drilled. An oil passage 20 is bored in the bottom wall of the crankcase 1 to the side end so as to communicate with the horizontal hole 18, and opens into an oil reservoir at the bottom of the crankcase 1. 11
The counterweight 1 blocks the passage 20 by descending.
Check valve 2 which opens passage 20 by the rise of 1
1 is provided. The counterweight 11
the guide pin 1 through the upper end of the guide hole 14.
A passage 22 is provided that communicates the oil chambers 17 of No.
There is a passage 2 above the counterweight 11.
A check valve 24 is provided which closes the passage 22 and opens the passage 22 by lowering the counterweight 11, and the open end of the side hole 23 is sealed. An oil spout 25 facing toward the large end of the connecting rod 3 is provided on the upper side of the side hole 23 in the vicinity of the communicating portion with the passage 22.

Next, the operation of the lubrication system for a reciprocating internal combustion engine of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained. A piston (not shown) moves up and down by the drive of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, the crankshaft 4 rotates via the connecting rod 3, and the eccentric journal 8 integrated with the crank arm 6 rotates eccentrically. The connecting arm 10 supported above allows the counterweight 11 to vertically move up and down along the guide pin 15 without being misaligned. The vertical movement of the counterweight 11 is caused by the eccentric journal 8 and the connecting arm 10, so that when the piston rises, it descends vertically along the guide pin 15 without being misaligned, and when the piston descends, it moves vertically downward along the guide pin 15. The counterweight 11 can be used as a balancer device because it rises vertically without being misaligned.
, an inertial force is generated that is 180 degrees offset from the movement of the piston, and this inertial force does not cause vibration in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 2, and is balanced by the mass of the reciprocating movement of the piston, etc. As a result, the reciprocating movement of the piston, etc. The partial inertial forces are balanced. Therefore, cylinder 2
Since no vibration occurs in the axial direction of the piston, vibration-free reciprocating motion of the piston, etc. can be realized.

Now, as a lubricating device, when the counterweight 11 starts to rise vertically along the guide pin 15 without being misaligned, the inside of the oil chamber 17 and the inside of the guide hole 14 become negative pressure, and the inside of the horizontal hole 23 of the counterweight 11 becomes negative pressure. The check valve 24 closes the passage 22, and the check valve 21 in the side hole 18 of the guide pin 15 opens the passage 20, so as the counterweight 11 rises, oil flows from the oil reservoir at the bottom of the crankcase 1 into the passage 20 and the side hole. 1
8. The oil is sucked into the oil chamber 17 of the guide pin 15 through the oil inlet 19. Conversely, when the counterweight 11 begins to descend vertically along the guide pin 15 without being misaligned, the oil in the oil chamber 17 and the guide hole 14 is pressurized, and as a result, the oil in the horizontal hole 18 of the guide pin 15 is pressurized. Check valve 21 closes passage 20 and counterweight 11
The check valve 24 in the side hole 22 opens the passage 22, so as the counterweight 11 descends, the oil in the oil chamber 17 flows through the passage 22 and the side hole 2.
3, the oil is stably and reliably jetted from the oil spout 25 toward the large end of the connecting rod 3.
Thereafter, the oil in the oil reservoir is sucked into the oil chamber 17 by the vertical movement of the counterweight 11,
The oil in the oil chamber 17 is repeatedly ejected from the oil spout 25 toward the big end of the connecting rod 3, and the piston, the cylinder, the connecting rod big end bearing, the crank pin, and the bearing hole of the piston are repeatedly jetted. Oil is concentrated and precisely applied to parts that move while rubbing against each other, such as piston pins and crankshaft bearings, forming a film that lubricates and prevents friction parts from coming into direct contact. Prevented. Therefore, the frictional resistance is reduced, frictional heat is removed and cooled, and the piston and cylinder wall are kept airtight, achieving the original purpose of the lubricating device.

[Effect of idea]

As can be seen from the above explanation, the lubricating device for a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the present invention has a counterweight installed directly below the cylinder, a guide pin protruding vertically from the bottom wall of the crankcase, and a guide pin installed on the counterweight. The pump mechanism is fitted into a balancer device that allows vertical movement up and down without misalignment of the guide hole, and the counterweight descends when the piston rises, and rises when the piston descends. The vertical rise of the counterweight without misalignment sucks the oil in the oil reservoir at the bottom of the crankcase, and the vertical descent of the counterweight without misalignment allows the oil to be stably and reliably transferred to the connecting rod. Since it is designed to eject toward the end,
Unlike splash lubrication using a splash arm attached to the bottom of the big end of a wet sump type connecting rod, in a reciprocating internal combustion engine, the piston and cylinder move while rubbing against each other, and the connecting rod big end bearing and crank. Oil is supplied centrally to the necessary locations such as pins, piston bearing holes and piston pins, and crankshaft bearings to ensure proper lubrication. In addition, smooth pump operation due to the vertical vertical movement of the counterweight without misalignment allows the amount of oil to be kept constant, and there is no vibration in the axial direction of the cylinder, resulting in vibration-free reciprocating motion of the piston, etc. can be realized. Furthermore, the lubricating device of the present invention
There is no need to install a pump to pump oil to each part of the crankcase, as is the case with sump-type pressure-fed droplet lubrication, and there is no need to separate the oil tank from the engine and place it in a separate location, as with dry-sump-type lubrication. Of course, there is no need for oil supply pumps, oil drainage pumps, etc., so the structure is extremely simple and easy to manufacture.Moreover, the crankcase area is simplified and can be used in layouts with limited engine installation space. effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG. 2, showing an embodiment of a reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B--B in FIG. 1. 1...Crankcase, 2...Cylinder, 3...
... Connecting rod, 4 ... Crankshaft, 5 ... Crank pin, 6 ... Crank arm, 7 ... Counterweight, 8 ... Eccentric journal, 9 ... Pin, 10 ... Connection arm, 11 ...
... Counterweight, 12 ... Pin, 13 ... Recess, 14 ... Guide hole, 15 ... Guide pin, 1
6... Locking plate, 17... Oil chamber, 18...
...Side hole, 19...Oil inlet, 20...Passage,
21...Check valve, 22...Passage, 23...
...Side hole, 24...Check valve, 25...Oil spout.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A counterweight is provided directly below the cylinder, and a guide pin is vertically protruded from the bottom wall of the crankcase and is fitted into a guide hole provided in the counterweight so that it can move up and down, so that when the piston rises, the counterweight In a reciprocating internal combustion engine having a balancer device in which the guide pin is lowered, a cylindrical oil chamber with a bottom is provided in the guide pin, an oil inlet is provided at the bottom of the oil chamber, and an oil chamber is provided on the outside of the oil inlet. A check valve is provided to open and close a passage communicating with the oil reservoir, and the counterweight is provided with a passage communicating with the oil chamber of the guide pin, and an oil spout facing toward the large end of the connecting rod is connected to the passage. A check valve that opens and closes a passage is provided in front of the oil spout, and as the counterweight rises, oil is sucked up from the oil reservoir in the oil chamber of the guide pin, and as the counterweight descends, the oil in the oil chamber is sucked up. A lubricating device for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, characterized in that the lubricant is ejected from the ejection port toward the large end of the connecting rod.