JPH03294150A - Tool abnormality detecting method - Google Patents

Tool abnormality detecting method

Info

Publication number
JPH03294150A
JPH03294150A JP9206390A JP9206390A JPH03294150A JP H03294150 A JPH03294150 A JP H03294150A JP 9206390 A JP9206390 A JP 9206390A JP 9206390 A JP9206390 A JP 9206390A JP H03294150 A JPH03294150 A JP H03294150A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
tool
cutting edge
section
chip
wear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP9206390A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2786512B2 (en
Inventor
Eihiko Tsukamoto
塚本 頴彦
Tsuneo Egawa
庸夫 江川
Minoru Yashima
八島 実
Tetsuo Ichikizaki
哲雄 市来崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP2092063A priority Critical patent/JP2786512B2/en
Publication of JPH03294150A publication Critical patent/JPH03294150A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2786512B2 publication Critical patent/JP2786512B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To judge the degree of wear and defect and precisely detect the abnormality of a tool by emitting an ultrasonic wave to the cutting edge part of the tool from the inner part of the toll, and measuring the transmitting time and level of the reflected wave from the cutting edge part. CONSTITUTION:A probe 3 driven by a pulse transmitter 4 emits an ultrasonic wave 5 of vertical wave mode into the inner part of a chip 1 in such a manner that it is reflected near the cutting edge 1a of the chip 1, and the reflected wave entering the ultrasonic probe 3 is transformed into an electric signal and outputted to a gate circuit 7 through a receiver 6. The gate circuit 7 conforms the input signal with the corresponding section, and outputs the signal every section to a peak hold circuit 8, which circuit 8 holds the peak voltage every section and outputs its value to an A/D converter 9. A computer 10 reads the voltage every section through the A/D converter 9 and compares it with a standard value set every chip, and an abnormality, when present, is outputted to a working machine control unit 11.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〈産業上の利用分舒〉 本発明は、工具の切刃部分の摩耗、損傷等の異常検出に
適用して有用な工具異常検出方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application> The present invention relates to a tool abnormality detection method that is useful when applied to detect abnormalities such as wear and damage on the cutting edge portion of a tool.

〈従来の技術〉 切削加工ラインの自動化、無人化を図る上で工具の摩耗
、欠損に関する異常を検出することは重要であり、従来
より各菖の技術が提案されている。
<Conventional technology> It is important to detect abnormalities related to tool wear and chipping in order to automate and unmanned cutting lines, and various techniques have been proposed in the past.

例えば工具が摩耗、或いは欠損することによって変化す
る工具の切れ味を主軸モータの電流値として検出し、そ
の信号が閾値を越えたら異常として切削を停止する方法
(例えば、特開昭55−31541号公報参照)、或い
は工具が欠損した際に発生するAEi号を検出して異常
発生を判定する方法(例えば、特開昭58−40246
号公報参照)がある。
For example, a method of detecting the sharpness of the tool, which changes due to tool wear or chipping, as the current value of the spindle motor, and stopping cutting as an abnormality when the signal exceeds a threshold value (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-31541 ), or a method of determining abnormality occurrence by detecting AEi generated when a tool breaks (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-40246)
(See Publication No.).

〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉 上記従来の技術のうち、前者の方法は被削材或いは加工
条件が変わるたびに、閾値を変更しなければならず、し
かも摩耗が一段と進むと主軸モータの電流値は増えるが
、欠損では切刃がなくなった分、電流値が減少すること
があり、閾値の設定が更に困難になるという問題を有す
る。
<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> Among the above conventional techniques, the former method requires changing the threshold value every time the work material or machining conditions change, and furthermore, as wear progresses further, the current of the spindle motor decreases. Although the value increases, in the case of defects, the current value may decrease due to the loss of the cutting edge, making it even more difficult to set the threshold value.

以上のように前者の方法では、閾値の設定と分解能に問
題がある。
As described above, the former method has problems with threshold setting and resolution.

上記従来の技術のうち後者の方法では、摩耗は検出でき
ず欠損だけが検出の対象となる。
In the latter method of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, wear cannot be detected and only defects are detected.

更にAEと各厘ノイズとの分別が難かしく、誤動作する
ことが多い。
Furthermore, it is difficult to distinguish between AE and various noises, and malfunctions often occur.

本発明は、上記従来技術の問題点に鑑み、摩耗の程度や
欠損の程度を判別でき工具異常を確実に検出することが
できる工具異常検出方法を提供することを目的とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problems of the prior art described above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tool abnormality detection method that can determine the degree of wear and damage and can reliably detect tool abnormalities.

く課題を解決するための手段〉 上記目的を達成する本発明の構成は、工具の切刃部分に
超音波を放射し、その反射波を検出して切刃部分の摩耗
及び欠損に基づく反射波の伝播時間の変動や反射波のレ
ベルの変動を検出し、工具の摩耗及び欠損を検出するこ
とを特徴とする。
Means for Solving the Problems> The structure of the present invention that achieves the above object emits ultrasonic waves to the cutting edge of a tool, detects the reflected waves, and detects the reflected waves due to wear and damage of the cutting edge. It is characterized by detecting changes in the propagation time and changes in the level of reflected waves, and detecting tool wear and damage.

く作   用〉 本発明は、工具の切刃部分に、工具の内部から超音波を
放射し、切刃部分からの反射波の伝播時間やレベルを計
測する。
Function> The present invention radiates ultrasonic waves from inside the tool to the cutting edge portion of the tool, and measures the propagation time and level of reflected waves from the cutting edge portion.

反射波の伝播時間やレベルは、切削によって切刃部分に
生じた摩耗や欠損のために変動を生じる。摩耗量や欠損
量に応じて変動する量が異なるので、変動量を測定すれ
ば摩耗量や欠損量がわかる。
The propagation time and level of reflected waves vary due to wear and damage caused to the cutting edge by cutting. Since the amount of variation differs depending on the amount of wear and the amount of chipping, the amount of wear and chipping can be determined by measuring the amount of fluctuation.

く実 施 例〉 以下、本発明の実施例を図面に従って説明する。Example of implementation Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第1図において、1は旋削加工用チップである。2は工
具ホルダであり旋削加工用チップ1が機械的に取り付け
られる。工具ホルダ2に周波数4 MHzの超音波を発
する縦波超音波探触子3が埋設されている。縦波超音波
探触子3の表面は工具ホルダ2の旋削加工用チップ1の
取付面2&と同じ平面上にある。
In FIG. 1, 1 is a turning tip. 2 is a tool holder to which the turning tip 1 is mechanically attached. A longitudinal ultrasonic probe 3 that emits ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 4 MHz is embedded in the tool holder 2. The surface of the longitudinal wave ultrasonic probe 3 is on the same plane as the mounting surface 2& of the turning tip 1 of the tool holder 2.

旋削加工用チップlを工具ホルダ2に取粉付ける際には
、縦波超音波探触子3の表面に超音波探傷用接触媒質(
図示せず)を塗布し、この上に旋削加工用チップ1を所
定の方法で取り付ける。
When attaching the turning tip l to the tool holder 2, a couplant for ultrasonic flaw detection (
(not shown), and the turning tip 1 is attached thereon by a predetermined method.

尚、旋削加工用チップ1に超音波探触子3を接触させる
際には、超音波接触用媒質を塗布することなく接着剤で
直接接着しても良い。
Note that when the ultrasonic probe 3 is brought into contact with the turning tip 1, it may be directly bonded with an adhesive without applying an ultrasonic contact medium.

超音波探触子3には、同探触子3を駆動するパルス送信
器4が接続されている。
A pulse transmitter 4 that drives the ultrasound probe 3 is connected to the ultrasound probe 3 .

パルス送信器4によって駆動された前記探触子3は縦波
モードの超音波5を前記チップ1の切刃1a付近で反射
するように前記チップ1の内部へ放射する。
The probe 3 driven by the pulse transmitter 4 emits longitudinal wave mode ultrasonic waves 5 into the inside of the tip 1 so as to be reflected near the cutting edge 1a of the tip 1.

旋削加工用チップ1内に放射された超音波5は、第2図
に示すように、同チップ1の逃げ面1bやすくい面1c
で反射を繰り返す。
As shown in FIG. 2, the ultrasonic waves 5 radiated into the turning tip 1 are transmitted to the flank surface 1b and the cut surface 1c of the tip 1.
Repeat the reflection.

その後、超音波5の反射波は超音波探触子3へ帰還する
が、逃げ面1bやすくい面1cに摩耗や切刃1aに欠損
があると、前記反射波は伝播時間やレベルに微妙な変化
を生じる。
Thereafter, the reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave 5 returns to the ultrasonic probe 3, but if there is wear on the flank face 1b or the cutting face 1c or damage to the cutting edge 1a, the reflected wave may have a slight change in propagation time or level. bring about change.

前記超音波探触子3に入射した反射波は、電気信号に変
換され、受信i#6へ出力される。
The reflected wave incident on the ultrasonic probe 3 is converted into an electrical signal and output to the receiver i#6.

受信Wi6は入力した電気信号を増幅しゲート回路7へ
出力する。
The reception Wi 6 amplifies the input electrical signal and outputs it to the gate circuit 7.

ゲート回路7は、前記探触子3から放射された超音波5
が再び前記探触子3に帰還するまでの時間(1)に応じ
て次のように区画を設定している。
The gate circuit 7 receives the ultrasonic waves 5 emitted from the probe 3.
The sections are set as follows according to the time (1) until the probe returns to the probe 3 again.

1.5μs<T≦1,52μB −4A区画1.52μ
SくT≦1.54μ$−4B区画1.54μs<T≦1
.56 p s−*C区画ゲート回路7は、入力信号を
該当する区画に対応させ、各区画毎の信号をピークホー
ルド回路8に出力する。
1.5μs<T≦1,52μB -4A section 1.52μ
S T≦1.54μ$-4B section 1.54μs<T≦1
.. The 56 p s-*C section gate circuit 7 makes the input signal correspond to the corresponding section, and outputs the signal for each section to the peak hold circuit 8.

ピークホールド回@Sは、各区画毎のピーク電圧を保持
し、その値をA/D変換器9に出力する。
The peak hold circuit @S holds the peak voltage of each section and outputs the value to the A/D converter 9.

A/D変換器9は、前記ピーク電圧を8ビツトのディジ
タル信号に変換し、コンピュータ10に出力する。
The A/D converter 9 converts the peak voltage into an 8-bit digital signal and outputs it to the computer 10.

コンピュータ10ば、区画毎の電圧を読み取り、各チッ
プ毎に設定されている基準値と比較し、異常があれば警
報信号を工作機械制御装置11へ出力する。
The computer 10 reads the voltage of each section, compares it with a reference value set for each chip, and outputs an alarm signal to the machine tool control device 11 if there is an abnormality.

工作機械制御装置11は警報信号により工作機械を緊急
停止させる。
The machine tool control device 11 makes an emergency stop of the machine tool in response to the alarm signal.

コンピュータ10の各チップ毎の基準値は条件入力装置
12から作業者によって予め入力されている。
The reference value for each chip of the computer 10 is inputted in advance by the operator from the condition input device 12.

また、コンピュータ1oは、あるタイミングでゲート回
路7ヘゲート回路7を作動させる信号を出力する。
Further, the computer 1o outputs a signal for operating the gate circuit 7 to the gate circuit 7 at a certain timing.

以上のように、本実施例は超音波5の反射波を時間分割
し、かつ、各区画の電圧レベルを読みとってその異常を
精度良く検出するものである。
As described above, in this embodiment, the reflected waves of the ultrasonic waves 5 are time-divided, and the voltage level of each section is read to detect abnormalities with high accuracy.

従って検査周波数は4 MHzに固定されたものではな
く、チップの材質に応じて適宜変化させても良いことは
言うまでもない。
Therefore, it goes without saying that the test frequency is not fixed at 4 MHz and may be changed as appropriate depending on the material of the chip.

〈発明の効果〉 思上、実施例を用いて説明したように、本発明は、既知
周波数の超音波を放射し、これを用いて工具の異常検出
を行なうため各種ノイズとの分離が容易であり、ノイズ
による検出ミスを生じない。
<Effects of the Invention> As explained using examples, the present invention emits ultrasonic waves of a known frequency and uses them to detect tool abnormalities, which makes it easy to separate from various noises. Yes, there will be no detection errors due to noise.

上記のように確実な工具異常検出が可能なため、本発明
は工作機械のFA化、無人化を促進する。
As described above, since reliable tool abnormality detection is possible, the present invention promotes factory automation and unmanned machine tools.

また、本発明は、工具の摩耗量及び欠損量を直接測定す
るようになっているので、前記従来の技術の場合のよう
に被削材或いは加工条件の変更等に伴なう頻繁な閾値の
変更が不要となる。
Furthermore, since the present invention directly measures the amount of tool wear and chipping, it is possible to avoid frequent changes in threshold values due to changes in the workpiece material or machining conditions, as in the case of the prior art. No changes are required.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の実施例である超音波による工具異常検
出装置の構成図、第2図は超音波による工具の摩耗、欠
損の検出原理の説明図である。 図面中、 1は旋削加工用チップ、1aは切刃、2は工具ホルダ、
3は縦波超音波探触子、4はパルス送信器、5は超音波
、6は受信晋、7はゲート回路、8はピークホールド回
路、9はA/D変換器、10はコンピュータ、11は工
作機械刺部装置、12は条件入力装置である。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a tool abnormality detection device using ultrasonic waves according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of detecting tool wear and chipping using ultrasonic waves. In the drawing, 1 is a turning tip, 1a is a cutting blade, 2 is a tool holder,
3 is a longitudinal wave ultrasound probe, 4 is a pulse transmitter, 5 is an ultrasound wave, 6 is a receiver, 7 is a gate circuit, 8 is a peak hold circuit, 9 is an A/D converter, 10 is a computer, 11 1 is a machine tool pricking device, and 12 is a condition input device.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 工具の切刃部分に超音波を放射し、その反射波を検出し
て切刃部分の摩耗及び欠損に基づく反射波の伝播時間の
変動や反射波のレベルの変動を検出し、工具の摩耗及び
欠損を検出することを特徴とする工具異常検出方法。
Ultrasonic waves are emitted to the cutting edge of the tool, and the reflected waves are detected. Changes in the propagation time of the reflected waves and changes in the level of the reflected waves due to wear and tear on the cutting edge are detected. A tool abnormality detection method characterized by detecting defects.
JP2092063A 1990-04-09 1990-04-09 Tool error detection method Expired - Lifetime JP2786512B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2092063A JP2786512B2 (en) 1990-04-09 1990-04-09 Tool error detection method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2092063A JP2786512B2 (en) 1990-04-09 1990-04-09 Tool error detection method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03294150A true JPH03294150A (en) 1991-12-25
JP2786512B2 JP2786512B2 (en) 1998-08-13

Family

ID=14044021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2092063A Expired - Lifetime JP2786512B2 (en) 1990-04-09 1990-04-09 Tool error detection method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2786512B2 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11151637A (en) * 1997-09-02 1999-06-08 Otto Bilz Werkzeug Fab Gmbh & Co Tool or tool holder
US7740582B2 (en) * 2002-05-22 2010-06-22 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic operating apparatus
JP2022044561A (en) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-17 ジック アーゲー Inspection of tool of machine tool
WO2022230148A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
WO2022230149A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62114807A (en) * 1985-11-11 1987-05-26 Toshiba Corp Tool breakage detector

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62114807A (en) * 1985-11-11 1987-05-26 Toshiba Corp Tool breakage detector

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11151637A (en) * 1997-09-02 1999-06-08 Otto Bilz Werkzeug Fab Gmbh & Co Tool or tool holder
US7740582B2 (en) * 2002-05-22 2010-06-22 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic operating apparatus
JP2022044561A (en) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-17 ジック アーゲー Inspection of tool of machine tool
US11701747B2 (en) 2020-09-07 2023-07-18 Sick Ag Inspection of a tool of a machine tool
WO2022230148A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
WO2022230149A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2786512B2 (en) 1998-08-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4419562A (en) Nondestructive real-time method for monitoring the quality of a weld
US5501104A (en) Method of measuring the depth of full-cut dicing grooves by using an ultrasonic detector and a dicing apparatus for carrying out the same
US5031360A (en) Broken blade detector for semiconductor die saws
JPS62501520A (en) Method and apparatus for detecting the position of the edge of a strip of material
JPH0317315B2 (en)
JPH03294150A (en) Tool abnormality detecting method
KR900007293B1 (en) Tool monitoring system
JPH11118771A (en) Ultrasonic flaw-detecting method and device of thin plate with plate-thickness change
JPH04267106A (en) Dicing device and method
US20030060920A1 (en) Detection of vibrations in mechanical systems
JPS6367151B2 (en)
JPH045542A (en) Tool abnormality detecting method
US5739433A (en) Touch off probe
JPH05177512A (en) During-cutting surface roughness judging method
SU1698746A1 (en) Method of ultrasonic check of adhesion continuity of two materials with different acoustic resistance
CN2247800Y (en) Air sound emission sensor
JPS62114807A (en) Tool breakage detector
Melnychuk et al. Three-parameter system for monitoring the wear of cutting tools on CNC machines in automated production conditions
JPS62162446A (en) Tool contact detecting device
JPS6232070B2 (en)
US4472970A (en) Method of measuring the dimensions of tools and/or workpieces of metal
SU603896A1 (en) Method of testing acoustic contact
JPH06198548A (en) Durability evaluation method for boring drill for elastic foam body and durability evaluation device
SU1010545A1 (en) Acoustic contact quality control method
JPH066253B2 (en) Tool breakage detector