JPH0329126B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0329126B2 JPH0329126B2 JP59099667A JP9966784A JPH0329126B2 JP H0329126 B2 JPH0329126 B2 JP H0329126B2 JP 59099667 A JP59099667 A JP 59099667A JP 9966784 A JP9966784 A JP 9966784A JP H0329126 B2 JPH0329126 B2 JP H0329126B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- region
- gas
- vacuum chamber
- curtain
- orifice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 83
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 173
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000451 chemical ionisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HVTQDSGGHBWVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-phenylmethoxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-morpholin-4-ylethanone Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC1=NN(C=C1C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NC1CC2=CC=CC=C2C1)CC(=O)N1CCOCC1 HVTQDSGGHBWVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010083687 Ion Pumps Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 inbutane Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Description
ãçºæã®è©³çŽ°ãªèª¬æã
ãã®çºæã¯ãçè·¡æåãç空宀å
ã§åæããæ¹
æ³ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ããã
æ³ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ããã
以äžã®èª¬æã«ãããŠãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã
ïŒsample gasïŒãªãçšèªã¯ããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹äžã«å«
ãŸãæ€ç¥ãããçè·¡ã¬ã¹ïŒtrace gasïŒã®æå³ã§
çšãããããã®ãšããã
ïŒsample gasïŒãªãçšèªã¯ããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹äžã«å«
ãŸãæ€ç¥ãããçè·¡ã¬ã¹ïŒtrace gasïŒã®æå³ã§
çšãããããã®ãšããã
å€éã®ç©ºæ°ãããã¯ãã®ä»ã®ãã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹äžã«
å«ãŸããçè·¡ã¬ã¹ãæ€åºåæããããã®åŸæ¥è£ 眮
ã«ãã€ãŠã¯ã以äžã«è¿°ã¹ãåŠãé«ãæ床ãåŸãã
ãã«å€ãã®åé¡ãããã
å«ãŸããçè·¡ã¬ã¹ãæ€åºåæããããã®åŸæ¥è£ 眮
ã«ãã€ãŠã¯ã以äžã«è¿°ã¹ãåŠãé«ãæ床ãåŸãã
ãã«å€ãã®åé¡ãããã
éåžžã質éåæåšãããã¯ä»ã®æ€åºåšã¯ç空宀
å ã«é 眮ãããªããã°ãªããªããããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹
ã¯ç空宀ã®å€éšããäŸçµŠãããã°ãªããªããç空
ãç¶æããããã«ãã¬ã¹ãå°å ¥ããããã®ãªãªã
ã€ã¹ã¯éåžžã«å°ãããªããã°ãªããªããå Žåã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯ã倧ããªãªãªãã€ã¹ã®äœ¿çšãå¯èœã«ããã
ãã«å§åã®æ®µéåãè¡ãªããããããã³ãã®å€§ã
ãã®å®éçãªå¶éã®ããã«ããªãªãã€ã¹ã®å€§ãã
ã«ã¯å¶éããããå°ããªãªãªãã€ã¹ã§ã¯ç空宀ãž
ã®ä¿¡å·äŒéãå¶éãããè£ çœ®ã®æ床ãäœããªãã
å ã«é 眮ãããªããã°ãªããªããããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹
ã¯ç空宀ã®å€éšããäŸçµŠãããã°ãªããªããç空
ãç¶æããããã«ãã¬ã¹ãå°å ¥ããããã®ãªãªã
ã€ã¹ã¯éåžžã«å°ãããªããã°ãªããªããå Žåã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯ã倧ããªãªãªãã€ã¹ã®äœ¿çšãå¯èœã«ããã
ãã«å§åã®æ®µéåãè¡ãªããããããã³ãã®å€§ã
ãã®å®éçãªå¶éã®ããã«ããªãªãã€ã¹ã®å€§ãã
ã«ã¯å¶éããããå°ããªãªãªãã€ã¹ã§ã¯ç空宀ãž
ã®ä¿¡å·äŒéãå¶éãããè£ çœ®ã®æ床ãäœããªãã
åŸã€ãŠãã®çºæã¯ãæ°äœãšç空宀ã®éãç©äœã
移éãããã®éã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã¯æ°äœãç空宀å ãž
é²å ¥ããããšãé»æ¢ããã°ããã§ãªããã«ãŒãã³
ã¬ã¹ã®äœæž©ãã³ãåŠçïŒcryoâpumpingïŒã«ã
ã€ãŠç空宀å ã®ç空ãç¶æããããã«ããããç
è·¡æåãç空宀å ã§åæããæ¹æ³ãæäŸãããã®
ã§ããã
移éãããã®éã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã¯æ°äœãç空宀å ãž
é²å ¥ããããšãé»æ¢ããã°ããã§ãªããã«ãŒãã³
ã¬ã¹ã®äœæž©ãã³ãåŠçïŒcryoâpumpingïŒã«ã
ã€ãŠç空宀å ã®ç空ãç¶æããããã«ããããç
è·¡æåãç空宀å ã§åæããæ¹æ³ãæäŸãããã®
ã§ããã
äœæž©ãã³ãåŠçã®å¯èœãªã¬ã¹ãçšãããã®çºæ
ã«ããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ããŸãã第ïŒã®æ°äœãã第
ïŒã®æ°äœãžäžæ¹ãžã®ã¬ã¹ã®å€§ããªç§»åãçããã
ãšãªãç©äœãããã¯åºäœã移éããã®ã«çšããã
ãããã®çºæã«ããã°ãäŸãã°çè·¡ã¬ã¹ãããã¯
液äœãåžçããã¯ã€ã€ãããã¯ããŒããç空äžã«
移éããããšã«ãã€ãŠãããå®çŸãããã
ã«ããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ããŸãã第ïŒã®æ°äœãã第
ïŒã®æ°äœãžäžæ¹ãžã®ã¬ã¹ã®å€§ããªç§»åãçããã
ãšãªãç©äœãããã¯åºäœã移éããã®ã«çšããã
ãããã®çºæã«ããã°ãäŸãã°çè·¡ã¬ã¹ãããã¯
液äœãåžçããã¯ã€ã€ãããã¯ããŒããç空äžã«
移éããããšã«ãã€ãŠãããå®çŸãããã
ãã®çºæã«ããã°ããŸããåæãã¹ãçè·¡ã€ãª
ã³ãäžæŽ»æ§ãªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãä»ããŠé»å Žã®åœ±é¿äž
ã§ç空宀äžã«ç§»éãããããã®çºæã®äžå®æœäŸã«
ãããŠã¯ã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®ç空宀ãž
ã®é²å ¥ãé»æ¢ãæ°Žèžæ°ãç²åçã®ç空宀ãžã®é²å ¥
ãé»æ¢ãããããããªããã«ãŒãã³ã¯ãé»å Žã«ã
ãåžåŒãããã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠéæãªã®ã§ãã«ãŒã
ã³ã¯ã€ãªã³çªãšããŠåããäŸãã°äœ¿çšããããµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹ããã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãããã®æº¶åºç©ã§
ãããšãã¯ãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ç空宀ã«å ¥ãæµãã
ã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãããã®æµãã«å¯Ÿæãå¿ èŠããª
ãããããã«ãã€ãŠåäžã®ãµã€ãºã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã®
䜿çšãå¯èœãšãªãããã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã®ãµã€ãºã¯ã
䜿çšå¯èœãªãã³ãã³ã°é床ã«ãã€ãŠã®ã¿å¶éãã
ããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³çšã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçå¯
èœã§ããããšã奜ãŸãããããã«ãã€ãŠãã³ãã³
ã°é床ãé«ãŸããšå ±ã«ãªãªãã€ã¹ãµã€ãºã倧ãã
ãªããè£ çœ®ã®æ床ãé«ãŸãã
ã³ãäžæŽ»æ§ãªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãä»ããŠé»å Žã®åœ±é¿äž
ã§ç空宀äžã«ç§»éãããããã®çºæã®äžå®æœäŸã«
ãããŠã¯ã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®ç空宀ãž
ã®é²å ¥ãé»æ¢ãæ°Žèžæ°ãç²åçã®ç空宀ãžã®é²å ¥
ãé»æ¢ãããããããªããã«ãŒãã³ã¯ãé»å Žã«ã
ãåžåŒãããã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠéæãªã®ã§ãã«ãŒã
ã³ã¯ã€ãªã³çªãšããŠåããäŸãã°äœ¿çšããããµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹ããã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãããã®æº¶åºç©ã§
ãããšãã¯ãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ç空宀ã«å ¥ãæµãã
ã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãããã®æµãã«å¯Ÿæãå¿ èŠããª
ãããããã«ãã€ãŠåäžã®ãµã€ãºã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã®
䜿çšãå¯èœãšãªãããã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã®ãµã€ãºã¯ã
䜿çšå¯èœãªãã³ãã³ã°é床ã«ãã€ãŠã®ã¿å¶éãã
ããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³çšã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçå¯
èœã§ããããšã奜ãŸãããããã«ãã€ãŠãã³ãã³
ã°é床ãé«ãŸããšå ±ã«ãªãªãã€ã¹ãµã€ãºã倧ãã
ãªããè£ çœ®ã®æ床ãé«ãŸãã
ãã®çºæã®ä»ã®å®æœäŸã«ããã°ãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³
ã®æµéãå¶åŸ¡ãããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã®ã¬ã¹ãšå ±ã«ãµ
ã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®ã¬ã¹æµã®äžéšãç空宀ã«é²å ¥å¯èœãš
ãªããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ãåŸã€ãŠãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã«ã
ã€ãŠããçšåºŠãŸã§éå£ãããããããšã«ãªããã
ãã«ãã€ãŠåŸè¿°ããåŠãçš®ã ã®å©çãåŸãããã
ã®æµéãå¶åŸ¡ãããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã®ã¬ã¹ãšå ±ã«ãµ
ã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®ã¬ã¹æµã®äžéšãç空宀ã«é²å ¥å¯èœãš
ãªããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ãåŸã€ãŠãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã«ã
ã€ãŠããçšåºŠãŸã§éå£ãããããããšã«ãªããã
ãã«ãã€ãŠåŸè¿°ããåŠãçš®ã ã®å©çãåŸãããã
以äžãæ·»ä»ã®å³é¢ã«ç€ºãå®æœäŸã«åºããŠãã®çº
æã詳现ã«èª¬æããã
æã詳现ã«èª¬æããã
第ïŒå³ããã³ç¬¬ïŒå³ã«ãããŠããã®çºæã«ãã
è£ çœ®ã¯ãã€ãªã³åå¿éšïŒãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³éšïŒãã
ã³ç空宀ïŒããã³åæ宀ïŒïŒãããªããåå¿éšïŒ
ãšã«ãŒãã³éšïŒãšã¯ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒ
ã«ããæ¥ç¶ãããã«ãŒãã³éšïŒãšç空宀ïŒãšã¯ãª
ãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã«ããæ¥ç¶ãããŠãããã
ã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒã¯çµ¶çžéšæïŒïŒã«ããåé¢ãããŠ
ããã
è£ çœ®ã¯ãã€ãªã³åå¿éšïŒãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³éšïŒãã
ã³ç空宀ïŒããã³åæ宀ïŒïŒãããªããåå¿éšïŒ
ãšã«ãŒãã³éšïŒãšã¯ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒ
ã«ããæ¥ç¶ãããã«ãŒãã³éšïŒãšç空宀ïŒãšã¯ãª
ãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã«ããæ¥ç¶ãããŠãããã
ã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒã¯çµ¶çžéšæïŒïŒã«ããåé¢ãããŠ
ããã
åå¿éšïŒã¯ãé圢ã®ã€ã³ã¬ããïŒïŒãšåç圢ã®
ãã¯ãïŒïŒãæãããã®ãã¯ãïŒïŒã¯ïŒïŒã«ãã
ãŠããªãŒãã ïŒïŒïŒplenumïŒã«æ¥ç¶ãããŠããã
ããªãŒãã ïŒïŒã¯ãå³ç€ºãã¬åæãã¢ã³ã«ãã¯ã
ïŒïŒãä»ããŠæ¥ç¶ãããŠããããã®åæãã¢ã³
ã¯ãã€ã³ã¬ããïŒïŒããåæãã¹ã空æ°ãã®ä»ã®
ã¬ã¹ããã¯ãïŒïŒå ã«åžåŒããããã«åããå®å®
ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ïŒå³ç€ºããïŒãã€ã³ã¬ããïŒïŒã®åæ¹
ã«èšããŠã枊æµãé²ãå±€æµã®åœ¢æãå©ããšãªãã
ãã«ããŠãããã
ãã¯ãïŒïŒãæãããã®ãã¯ãïŒïŒã¯ïŒïŒã«ãã
ãŠããªãŒãã ïŒïŒïŒplenumïŒã«æ¥ç¶ãããŠããã
ããªãŒãã ïŒïŒã¯ãå³ç€ºãã¬åæãã¢ã³ã«ãã¯ã
ïŒïŒãä»ããŠæ¥ç¶ãããŠããããã®åæãã¢ã³
ã¯ãã€ã³ã¬ããïŒïŒããåæãã¹ã空æ°ãã®ä»ã®
ã¬ã¹ããã¯ãïŒïŒå ã«åžåŒããããã«åããå®å®
ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ïŒå³ç€ºããïŒãã€ã³ã¬ããïŒïŒã®åæ¹
ã«èšããŠã枊æµãé²ãå±€æµã®åœ¢æãå©ããšãªãã
ãã«ããŠãããã
ãã¯ãïŒïŒå
ã«ã¯ã軞æ¹åã«çŽ°é·ãäžå€®é»æ¥µïŒ
ïŒãèšããããŠããããã®é»æ¥µïŒïŒã¯ã第ïŒå³ã«
瀺ãåŠãããã€ãã³ç³žïŒïŒã®ãããªçµ¶çžç©è³ªã«ã
ã€ãŠäžæ¹ãããã¯ãïŒïŒã®è»žãšåèŽããäœçœ®ã«ä¿
æãããŠãããå³ç€ºãã¬å¥ã®çµ¶çžã¯ã€ã€ãé»æ¥µïŒ
ïŒã«å¿ èŠãªé»å§ãäžããããã«é 眮ãããŠããã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒãåãå²ãã§ãããã¯ãïŒïŒã®éšåã¯ã
ãã€ã¢ã°ã©ã çã«ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããŠãã絶çžãžãšã€
ã³ãã«ãã€ãŠé圢ã®ã€ã³ã¬ããïŒïŒãã絶çžãã
ãŠãããåŸã€ãŠããã®ãžãšã€ã³ãïŒïŒã®äžæµã«ã
ããã¯ãïŒïŒã®å£éšåã¯ã第ïŒé»æ¥µãããã¯å€éš
é»æ¥µïŒïŒã圢æããããã®äºã€ã®é»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ã®éã«ã¯ãããªããŠã ç®ã®åŠããªã³ã°ç¶ã®ã€ãªã³
åè£ çœ®ïŒïŒãé 眮ãããŠããã
ïŒãèšããããŠããããã®é»æ¥µïŒïŒã¯ã第ïŒå³ã«
瀺ãåŠãããã€ãã³ç³žïŒïŒã®ãããªçµ¶çžç©è³ªã«ã
ã€ãŠäžæ¹ãããã¯ãïŒïŒã®è»žãšåèŽããäœçœ®ã«ä¿
æãããŠãããå³ç€ºãã¬å¥ã®çµ¶çžã¯ã€ã€ãé»æ¥µïŒ
ïŒã«å¿ èŠãªé»å§ãäžããããã«é 眮ãããŠããã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒãåãå²ãã§ãããã¯ãïŒïŒã®éšåã¯ã
ãã€ã¢ã°ã©ã çã«ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããŠãã絶çžãžãšã€
ã³ãã«ãã€ãŠé圢ã®ã€ã³ã¬ããïŒïŒãã絶çžãã
ãŠãããåŸã€ãŠããã®ãžãšã€ã³ãïŒïŒã®äžæµã«ã
ããã¯ãïŒïŒã®å£éšåã¯ã第ïŒé»æ¥µãããã¯å€éš
é»æ¥µïŒïŒã圢æããããã®äºã€ã®é»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ã®éã«ã¯ãããªããŠã ç®ã®åŠããªã³ã°ç¶ã®ã€ãªã³
åè£ çœ®ïŒïŒãé 眮ãããŠããã
æäœã«éããŠãåæãã¹ãã¬ã¹ãå«ã空æ°ãã®
ä»ã®ãã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹ã¯ãåæãã¢ã³ã«ãã€ãŠåç圢
ã®ãã¯ãïŒïŒå ã«åžåŒãããããã®åžåŒé床ã¯ã
å±€æµã圢æãããæ¡æ£å¹æïŒeffects of species
diffusionïŒãå°ãªãããã®ã«å åãªã ãã®é«é
ã«ããããã¬ã¹ãã€ãªã³åè£ çœ®ïŒïŒãééãã
ãšãé åïŒïŒã«ãããŠã€ãªã³ã圢æãããŠãã¬ã¹
å ã«æ£ããã³è² ã®ã€ãªã³ã®æ··åãããã®ãçºçã
ããã€ãªã³çæé åã¯ç°ç¶ã§ããããã®æé¢ã¯ç¬¬
ïŒïŒ¡å³ã«ç€ºãåŠãã§ããããã®å³ã§è£ 眮ïŒïŒãã
ã®è·é¢ãïœè»žã«ããããããïŒè£ 眮ã¯ïŒç¹ã«ã
ãïŒãçæãããã€ãªã³ã®çžå¯Ÿæ°ãïœè»žã«ããã
ããããŠããã
ä»ã®ãã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹ã¯ãåæãã¢ã³ã«ãã€ãŠåç圢
ã®ãã¯ãïŒïŒå ã«åžåŒãããããã®åžåŒé床ã¯ã
å±€æµã圢æãããæ¡æ£å¹æïŒeffects of species
diffusionïŒãå°ãªãããã®ã«å åãªã ãã®é«é
ã«ããããã¬ã¹ãã€ãªã³åè£ çœ®ïŒïŒãééãã
ãšãé åïŒïŒã«ãããŠã€ãªã³ã圢æãããŠãã¬ã¹
å ã«æ£ããã³è² ã®ã€ãªã³ã®æ··åãããã®ãçºçã
ããã€ãªã³çæé åã¯ç°ç¶ã§ããããã®æé¢ã¯ç¬¬
ïŒïŒ¡å³ã«ç€ºãåŠãã§ããããã®å³ã§è£ 眮ïŒïŒãã
ã®è·é¢ãïœè»žã«ããããããïŒè£ 眮ã¯ïŒç¹ã«ã
ãïŒãçæãããã€ãªã³ã®çžå¯Ÿæ°ãïœè»žã«ããã
ããããŠããã
ãã®ã€ãªã³çæäžãããªããŠã ç®ããã®ããŒã¿
ç·ã¯ç©ºæ°ä»ã®ãã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹æåãã€ãªã³åããäž
次åå¿ç©ã€ãªã³ã圢æããïŒç©ºæ°ä»ã®ãã€ãªã€ã¬
ã¹äžã®äžé£ã®åå¿ã®åŸã«ïŒã
ç·ã¯ç©ºæ°ä»ã®ãã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹æåãã€ãªã³åããäž
次åå¿ç©ã€ãªã³ã圢æããïŒç©ºæ°ä»ã®ãã€ãªã€ã¬
ã¹äžã®äžé£ã®åå¿ã®åŸã«ïŒã
äžæ¬¡åå¿ç©ã€ãªã³ã®ãããã®ã¯ããã«ãçè·¡ã¬
ã¹ïŒtrace gasïŒã®ååãšåå¿ããŠçè·¡ã¬ã¹ãã
çæç©ã€ãªã³ã圢æãããããã«ãã€ãŠçæç©ã€
ãªã³ãšåå¿ç©ã€ãªã³ã®æ··åäœã圢æãããããã
ãã®æ··åäœã®ãã¡ãçæç©ã€ãªã³ãåªå çã«éžæ
ããåæãããã¹ããã®ã§ããã
ã¹ïŒtrace gasïŒã®ååãšåå¿ããŠçè·¡ã¬ã¹ãã
çæç©ã€ãªã³ã圢æãããããã«ãã€ãŠçæç©ã€
ãªã³ãšåå¿ç©ã€ãªã³ã®æ··åäœã圢æãããããã
ãã®æ··åäœã®ãã¡ãçæç©ã€ãªã³ãåªå çã«éžæ
ããåæãããã¹ããã®ã§ããã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒããã³ïŒïŒãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒ
ãïŒããã³ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã«äžãããã
é©åœãªé»äœã«ãã圢æãããé»å Žã¯ãæµäœæµã«é
ãåããããã€ãªã³ã¯ãéšåçãªé床âïœïŒïŒ¶âïœ
ïŒïŒ«ïŒ¥âã§æµãããããã§ãâïœã¯éšåçãªæµéã
âã¯éšåçãªé»å Žãã¯ãã«ããã³ïŒ«ã¯åé¡ãšãªã
ãã®ã®ç§»å床ã§ãããè£ çœ®ã«äžããããé»äœãã
ã³è£ 眮ã®åœ¢ç¶ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã«è©³è¿°ãããïŒã極æ§ãã
ã³ç§»å床ãéžæãããå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³ããåå¿é å
ïŒïŒããäžå€®é»æ¥µïŒïŒã®åæ¹äžæµã®äžå€®æµåã§ã
ã€ãŠé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®è»žãšåèŽããé åãžã»ãŒåéç¶ã«
éãŸããããªãã®ã«ãããŠãããåŸã€ãŠå¿ èŠãªã€
ãªã³ã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®äžå€®éå£
ïŒïŒã«åã€ãŠéäžãããæãšãªã€ãŠç§»åãããã
åå¿é åïŒïŒãééããŠæµããè©Šæããã®ã€ãªã³
ã®äžéšã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãã®äžå€®éå£
ïŒïŒãééããã60ã100ã®éã®ãã©ãã¯ã¹éäž
ä¿æ°ãåŸãããã
ãïŒããã³ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã«äžãããã
é©åœãªé»äœã«ãã圢æãããé»å Žã¯ãæµäœæµã«é
ãåããããã€ãªã³ã¯ãéšåçãªé床âïœïŒïŒ¶âïœ
ïŒïŒ«ïŒ¥âã§æµãããããã§ãâïœã¯éšåçãªæµéã
âã¯éšåçãªé»å Žãã¯ãã«ããã³ïŒ«ã¯åé¡ãšãªã
ãã®ã®ç§»å床ã§ãããè£ çœ®ã«äžããããé»äœãã
ã³è£ 眮ã®åœ¢ç¶ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã«è©³è¿°ãããïŒã極æ§ãã
ã³ç§»å床ãéžæãããå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³ããåå¿é å
ïŒïŒããäžå€®é»æ¥µïŒïŒã®åæ¹äžæµã®äžå€®æµåã§ã
ã€ãŠé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®è»žãšåèŽããé åãžã»ãŒåéç¶ã«
éãŸããããªãã®ã«ãããŠãããåŸã€ãŠå¿ èŠãªã€
ãªã³ã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®äžå€®éå£
ïŒïŒã«åã€ãŠéäžãããæãšãªã€ãŠç§»åãããã
åå¿é åïŒïŒãééããŠæµããè©Šæããã®ã€ãªã³
ã®äžéšã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãã®äžå€®éå£
ïŒïŒãééããã60ã100ã®éã®ãã©ãã¯ã¹éäž
ä¿æ°ãåŸãããã
以äžã«ãç空åæ宀ïŒå
ãžã®éäžãããã€ãªã³
ã®ç§»åã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããã移åã¯ãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³
éšïŒãçµç±ããŠè¡ãªããããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³éšïŒ
ã¯ãåæããã¹ãã€ãªã³ãšã®åå¿ãé²ããã€å¥œãŸ
ããã¯ç空宀ïŒå ãžäœæž©ãã³ãïŒcryopumpïŒã
ããé©åœãªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ïŒäŸãã°CO2ïŒã®äŸçµŠã
åããŠãããåå¿éšïŒãšç空宀ïŒã®éã®ã«ãŒãã³
ãããã¯ã¬ã¹ã¡ã³ãã©ã³ãšããŠåãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹
ã¯ãã€ã³ã¬ãããã¯ãïŒïŒïŒç¬¬ïŒå³ïŒã«ããã¬ã¹
ã«ãŒãã³éšïŒå ã«å°å ¥ãããããã®ã€ã³ã¬ããã
ã¯ãïŒïŒã¯ãã»ãŒå圢ã®ãããŒãã¿ãŒã³ã圢æ
ãããã®ãã¿ãŒã³ãåšå²æåãæãããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒ
ãã³éšïŒå ã«ååŸæ¹åå æ¹ã«å°ã³ãããããã«é
眮ãããŠãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã¯ãç空宀ïŒãžã®æ¡
åã«é©ããã€ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®äžå€®
éå£ïŒïŒãããã€ãããšæµãã§ãçšåºŠã«éå°ã§ã
ããããªå åãªæµéãšããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒ
ããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒãšãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒãš
ã®éã®ç©ºéãžå ¥ãããšãé²ãã®ã«å åãªæµéãäž
ããããŠãããããããªããéäžãããã€ãªã³æ
ã¯ããã®éããªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµãåºãã«æããŠ
ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã®é©åœãªåžåŒé»äœã«ãã
åŒããã次ãã§ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãã®ãªãªãã€ã¹
ïŒïŒãééããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹éšåãæããããŠç
空宀ïŒå ãžéã°ããã
ã®ç§»åã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããã移åã¯ãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³
éšïŒãçµç±ããŠè¡ãªããããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³éšïŒ
ã¯ãåæããã¹ãã€ãªã³ãšã®åå¿ãé²ããã€å¥œãŸ
ããã¯ç空宀ïŒå ãžäœæž©ãã³ãïŒcryopumpïŒã
ããé©åœãªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ïŒäŸãã°CO2ïŒã®äŸçµŠã
åããŠãããåå¿éšïŒãšç空宀ïŒã®éã®ã«ãŒãã³
ãããã¯ã¬ã¹ã¡ã³ãã©ã³ãšããŠåãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹
ã¯ãã€ã³ã¬ãããã¯ãïŒïŒïŒç¬¬ïŒå³ïŒã«ããã¬ã¹
ã«ãŒãã³éšïŒå ã«å°å ¥ãããããã®ã€ã³ã¬ããã
ã¯ãïŒïŒã¯ãã»ãŒå圢ã®ãããŒãã¿ãŒã³ã圢æ
ãããã®ãã¿ãŒã³ãåšå²æåãæãããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒ
ãã³éšïŒå ã«ååŸæ¹åå æ¹ã«å°ã³ãããããã«é
眮ãããŠãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã¯ãç空宀ïŒãžã®æ¡
åã«é©ããã€ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®äžå€®
éå£ïŒïŒãããã€ãããšæµãã§ãçšåºŠã«éå°ã§ã
ããããªå åãªæµéãšããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒ
ããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒãšãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒãš
ã®éã®ç©ºéãžå ¥ãããšãé²ãã®ã«å åãªæµéãäž
ããããŠãããããããªããéäžãããã€ãªã³æ
ã¯ããã®éããªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµãåºãã«æããŠ
ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã®é©åœãªåžåŒé»äœã«ãã
åŒããã次ãã§ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãã®ãªãªãã€ã¹
ïŒïŒãééããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹éšåãæããããŠç
空宀ïŒå ãžéã°ããã
ç空宀ïŒïŒç¬¬ïŒå³ãåç
§ã®ããšïŒã¯ããã€ã³ïŒ
ïŒãåããæµäœå·åŽã¿ã³ã¯ïŒïŒãå«ãã§ãããã¿
ã³ã¯ïŒïŒã¯ã液äœçªçŽ ïŒïŒãå容ããŠããããšã
奜ãŸãããç®çã®ã€ãªã³ãå«ãã§ããã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒããå€ãžæ¡æ£ãããšãCO2å
åã¯ãã€ã³ïŒïŒã«è¡åœããããã«ååºããç空宀
å ã®å§åãäžããããã€ã³ïŒïŒã¯ãé©åœãªãã©ã
ãé¢ã®åœ¢ç¶ãæãïŒäœæž©ãã³ãæè¡ã§ã¯åšç¥ã§ã
ãïŒãCO2ååã®ãã©ããããã³ååºãæ倧éã«
ãããããã«ããé«ãç䟡ãã³ãã³ã°é床ãåŸã
ãã10-5ã10-6ãã«ïŒTorrïŒïŒè³ªéåæã«é©ã
ãïŒã®åäœç空ããçŽ0.033cmã®çŽåŸã®æ³šå ¥ãªãª
ãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠåŸãããããã®
çŽåŸã¯ãéåžžçšããããŠããæ倧0.002cmããã
ã¯ãã以äžã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã®çŽåŸããã倧ãããåŸ
ã€ãŠç空宀å ãžå ¥ãã€ãªã³æã¯ããã®çºæã«ãã
ã°ãéå£é¢ç©ã®æ¯ã§ãæ°çŸå以äžã«å¢å€§ãããã
ïŒãåããæµäœå·åŽã¿ã³ã¯ïŒïŒãå«ãã§ãããã¿
ã³ã¯ïŒïŒã¯ã液äœçªçŽ ïŒïŒãå容ããŠããããšã
奜ãŸãããç®çã®ã€ãªã³ãå«ãã§ããã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒããå€ãžæ¡æ£ãããšãCO2å
åã¯ãã€ã³ïŒïŒã«è¡åœããããã«ååºããç空宀
å ã®å§åãäžããããã€ã³ïŒïŒã¯ãé©åœãªãã©ã
ãé¢ã®åœ¢ç¶ãæãïŒäœæž©ãã³ãæè¡ã§ã¯åšç¥ã§ã
ãïŒãCO2ååã®ãã©ããããã³ååºãæ倧éã«
ãããããã«ããé«ãç䟡ãã³ãã³ã°é床ãåŸã
ãã10-5ã10-6ãã«ïŒTorrïŒïŒè³ªéåæã«é©ã
ãïŒã®åäœç空ããçŽ0.033cmã®çŽåŸã®æ³šå ¥ãªãª
ãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠåŸãããããã®
çŽåŸã¯ãéåžžçšããããŠããæ倧0.002cmããã
ã¯ãã以äžã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã®çŽåŸããã倧ãããåŸ
ã€ãŠç空宀å ãžå ¥ãã€ãªã³æã¯ããã®çºæã«ãã
ã°ãéå£é¢ç©ã®æ¯ã§ãæ°çŸå以äžã«å¢å€§ãããã
äžæŠãç空ã確ç«ããããšïŒåœåã«äžçšåºŠã®ç
空ãå°ããªæ©æ¢°çãªãã³ãã®åŠãé©åœãªæ段ã«ã
ã圢æããã次ãã§äœæž©ãã³ãã«ããäžæãã
ãïŒãç空宀å ãžå ¥ã€ãç®çã®ã€ãªã³ã¯ããªãŒãž
ãšããïŒïŒãšããŠåºããã第ïŒå³ã§ãã€ã¢ã°ã©ã
çã«ç€ºãããé©åœãªéé»ã€ãªã³ã¬ã³ãºéšæïŒïŒã«
ããããªãŒã«ã¹ãããŠïŒæ¥µè³ªéåæåš
ïŒquadrupole mass specâtrometerïŒã®åŠã質
éåæåšïŒïŒã«å ¥ããããã質éåæåšïŒïŒã¯ã
è·é»å¯Ÿè³ªéæ¯ã«ããã€ãªã³ãåæããã€ã€ãªã³èš
æ°ãããã¯ä»ã®é©åœãªæè¡ã«ããå®éãè¡ãªãã
空ãå°ããªæ©æ¢°çãªãã³ãã®åŠãé©åœãªæ段ã«ã
ã圢æããã次ãã§äœæž©ãã³ãã«ããäžæãã
ãïŒãç空宀å ãžå ¥ã€ãç®çã®ã€ãªã³ã¯ããªãŒãž
ãšããïŒïŒãšããŠåºããã第ïŒå³ã§ãã€ã¢ã°ã©ã
çã«ç€ºãããé©åœãªéé»ã€ãªã³ã¬ã³ãºéšæïŒïŒã«
ããããªãŒã«ã¹ãããŠïŒæ¥µè³ªéåæåš
ïŒquadrupole mass specâtrometerïŒã®åŠã質
éåæåšïŒïŒã«å ¥ããããã質éåæåšïŒïŒã¯ã
è·é»å¯Ÿè³ªéæ¯ã«ããã€ãªã³ãåæããã€ã€ãªã³èš
æ°ãããã¯ä»ã®é©åœãªæè¡ã«ããå®éãè¡ãªãã
ç空ãå
åãªæéäœåãããšãCO2ã®ããã¹ã
ããã€ã³ïŒïŒã«åœ¢æããããããã¹ããå¿ èŠãšãª
ããåŸã€ãŠãããã¹ããå¿ èŠãšãªããŸã§ã«å åãª
æéç空éšãäœåã§ããããã«ããããã«å å倧
ããªãã€ã³é¢ç©ãçšæãããã°ãªããªãããããŸ
ã§æå¹ã«äœåããŠããŠããããšçºæã«ããè£ çœ®ã®
äžã€ã®ãããã¿ã€ãã«ãããŠã¯ããããã¹ããå¿
èŠãšãªããŸã§ã«äžé±éãã«ã«äœåãè¡ãªãããã
ããããªãããã®äœåã¯ããã°ãã°æ°æéçšåºŠã§
ãå åãªããšãå€ããããã«å°ããªè£å©ç空ãã³
ãïŒïŒãç空宀ããã®éåçž®æ§ã®äžçŽç©ïŒçªçŽ ã®
åŠãïŒã®é€å»ã®ããã«èšããŠãããããã³ãïŒïŒ
ã¯ã䟿å®çã«ã²ãã¿ãŒã€ãªã³ãã³ããçšããããš
ãã§ããã
ããã€ã³ïŒïŒã«åœ¢æããããããã¹ããå¿ èŠãšãª
ããåŸã€ãŠãããã¹ããå¿ èŠãšãªããŸã§ã«å åãª
æéç空éšãäœåã§ããããã«ããããã«å å倧
ããªãã€ã³é¢ç©ãçšæãããã°ãªããªãããããŸ
ã§æå¹ã«äœåããŠããŠããããšçºæã«ããè£ çœ®ã®
äžã€ã®ãããã¿ã€ãã«ãããŠã¯ããããã¹ããå¿
èŠãšãªããŸã§ã«äžé±éãã«ã«äœåãè¡ãªãããã
ããããªãããã®äœåã¯ããã°ãã°æ°æéçšåºŠã§
ãå åãªããšãå€ããããã«å°ããªè£å©ç空ãã³
ãïŒïŒãç空宀ããã®éåçž®æ§ã®äžçŽç©ïŒçªçŽ ã®
åŠãïŒã®é€å»ã®ããã«èšããŠãããããã³ãïŒïŒ
ã¯ã䟿å®çã«ã²ãã¿ãŒã€ãªã³ãã³ããçšããããš
ãã§ããã
以äžã«ç¬¬ïŒå³ãçšããŠã第ïŒå³ã第ïŒå³ã®å®æœ
äŸã«ç€ºãã亀é¯ããé»å Žãšæµäœã®å Žã«çžäºäœçšã«
ã€ããŠèª¬æããã第ïŒå³ã«ãããŠãç·ïŒïŒã¯ãã€
ãªã€æµäœã®æµãïŒç©ºæ°ã§ããïŒã瀺ããç·ïŒïŒã¯
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã瀺ããç·ïŒïŒã¯é»å Žã®çé»
äœã©ã€ã³ã瀺ãããã³ç·ïŒïŒã¯ã€ãªã³ã®éè·¯ã瀺
ããŠãããé»å§V1ãV2ãV3ããã³V4ããããã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒããã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒã«äžããã
ããæ£ã€ãªã³ã®åæã®ããã«ã¯ããããã®é»å§ã¯
ãã¹ãŠæ£ã§ãããV1ïŒV2ïŒV3ïŒV4ã§ããã
äŸã«ç€ºãã亀é¯ããé»å Žãšæµäœã®å Žã«çžäºäœçšã«
ã€ããŠèª¬æããã第ïŒå³ã«ãããŠãç·ïŒïŒã¯ãã€
ãªã€æµäœã®æµãïŒç©ºæ°ã§ããïŒã瀺ããç·ïŒïŒã¯
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã瀺ããç·ïŒïŒã¯é»å Žã®çé»
äœã©ã€ã³ã瀺ãããã³ç·ïŒïŒã¯ã€ãªã³ã®éè·¯ã瀺
ããŠãããé»å§V1ãV2ãV3ããã³V4ããããã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒããã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒã«äžããã
ããæ£ã€ãªã³ã®åæã®ããã«ã¯ããããã®é»å§ã¯
ãã¹ãŠæ£ã§ãããV1ïŒV2ïŒV3ïŒV4ã§ããã
第ïŒå³ããæãããªããã«ãéé»æ¥µïŒïŒãšå
å²
é»æ¥µïŒïŒãšã®éã®é åã«ãããŠã¯ãé»å Žã¯ã»ãŒå
åŸæ¹åã«åœ¢æãããæµäœæµã¯ã»ãŒè»žæ¹åã«åœ¢æã
ããŠãããè¡šã«ç€ºãé»å§ãçšãããšä»®å®ãã
ãšããµã³ãã«ã€ãªã³ã圢æãããéãæ£ã€ãªã³ã¯
éé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®æ¹ãžåã€ãŠå æ¹ã«ãã€ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããš
ãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®æ¹åãžåã€ãŠè»žæ¹åã«ããè§åºŠ
ããªãããã«ç§»åãããè² ã€ãªã³ã¯çŽã¡ã«åé¢ã
ããã¯ãå£ã®æ¹ãžåžåŒãããŠãåçµåã®éãå°ã
ããããçæ³çã«ã¯æ£ã€ãªã³ã¯éé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®å 端
ãããããŠéå£ïŒïŒã®æ¹åãžåžåŒãããããšã奜
ãŸãããéé»æ¥µãšãã¯ãå£ãšã®éã®éšåã«ããã
ã€ãªã³è»éã¯éé»æ¥µã®å 端ãå ãã«è¶ããäžç¹
ã«ã30°ã60°ã奜ãŸããã¯45°ã®è§åºŠã§åé圢ã«å
ããããããšã奜ãŸãããéé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®å 端ãã
äžæµã®é åã«ãããŠã¯ãé»å Žã®ååŸæ¹åã®æåã¯
å°ãããåŸã€ãŠããã®é åã«å ¥ããšã€ãªã³ã®ååŸ
æ¹åå æ¹ãžã®éåã¯å ãã«ãªããããããªããã
é»æ¥µå 端ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éã®è»ž
æ¹åã®é»å Žã¯ãéåžžã«å€§ããã®ã§ãã€ãªã³ã¯ãã®
éšåã«ãããæµäœé床ã«æ¯ããŠé«éã§éå£ïŒïŒã®
æ¹åã«åžåŒãããã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒãšã®éã®é åã«ãããŠã¯ãé»å Žã¯ã»ãŒå
åŸæ¹åã«åœ¢æãããæµäœæµã¯ã»ãŒè»žæ¹åã«åœ¢æã
ããŠãããè¡šã«ç€ºãé»å§ãçšãããšä»®å®ãã
ãšããµã³ãã«ã€ãªã³ã圢æãããéãæ£ã€ãªã³ã¯
éé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®æ¹ãžåã€ãŠå æ¹ã«ãã€ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããš
ãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®æ¹åãžåã€ãŠè»žæ¹åã«ããè§åºŠ
ããªãããã«ç§»åãããè² ã€ãªã³ã¯çŽã¡ã«åé¢ã
ããã¯ãå£ã®æ¹ãžåžåŒãããŠãåçµåã®éãå°ã
ããããçæ³çã«ã¯æ£ã€ãªã³ã¯éé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®å 端
ãããããŠéå£ïŒïŒã®æ¹åãžåžåŒãããããšã奜
ãŸãããéé»æ¥µãšãã¯ãå£ãšã®éã®éšåã«ããã
ã€ãªã³è»éã¯éé»æ¥µã®å 端ãå ãã«è¶ããäžç¹
ã«ã30°ã60°ã奜ãŸããã¯45°ã®è§åºŠã§åé圢ã«å
ããããããšã奜ãŸãããéé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®å 端ãã
äžæµã®é åã«ãããŠã¯ãé»å Žã®ååŸæ¹åã®æåã¯
å°ãããåŸã€ãŠããã®é åã«å ¥ããšã€ãªã³ã®ååŸ
æ¹åå æ¹ãžã®éåã¯å ãã«ãªããããããªããã
é»æ¥µå 端ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éã®è»ž
æ¹åã®é»å Žã¯ãéåžžã«å€§ããã®ã§ãã€ãªã³ã¯ãã®
éšåã«ãããæµäœé床ã«æ¯ããŠé«éã§éå£ïŒïŒã®
æ¹åã«åžåŒãããã
ãã€ãªã€æµäœïŒç©ºæ°ïŒãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬
ãŒãïŒã«è¿ä»ããšãæµãã®ç·ïŒïŒã«ç€ºãããåŠ
ãããã€ãªã€æµäœã¯ååŸæ¹åå€æ¹ã«å€ããããã
ããã«ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éå£ïŒïŒã
ãæµãåºãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããã®ãã€ãªã€æµäœãšå
æµããåæ»ç¹STïŒã圢æããããã®åæ»ç¹STïŒ
ïŒäžå€®åæ»ã©ã€ã³äžã«ããïŒã«ãããŠæµäœã®åã
ã¯ãªããããããªããããã®åæ»ç¹STïŒã®é å
ã«ãããŠã¯ã軞æ¹åã®é»å Žã¯ããã®ç¹ãã€ãªã³ã
åæ¹ã«é²è¡ããã®ã«å åãªã ãé«ããã€ãªã³ã¯æ
ããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããã³éå£ïŒïŒãééããã
ãŒãïŒã«è¿ä»ããšãæµãã®ç·ïŒïŒã«ç€ºãããåŠ
ãããã€ãªã€æµäœã¯ååŸæ¹åå€æ¹ã«å€ããããã
ããã«ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éå£ïŒïŒã
ãæµãåºãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããã®ãã€ãªã€æµäœãšå
æµããåæ»ç¹STïŒã圢æããããã®åæ»ç¹STïŒ
ïŒäžå€®åæ»ã©ã€ã³äžã«ããïŒã«ãããŠæµäœã®åã
ã¯ãªããããããªããããã®åæ»ç¹STïŒã®é å
ã«ãããŠã¯ã軞æ¹åã®é»å Žã¯ããã®ç¹ãã€ãªã³ã
åæ¹ã«é²è¡ããã®ã«å åãªã ãé«ããã€ãªã³ã¯æ
ããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããã³éå£ïŒïŒãééããã
ã€ãªã³ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒããã³ãª
ãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã®éã®ç©ºéã«å ¥ããšãã€ãª
ã³ã¯ãéå£ïŒïŒæ¹åãšãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒæ¹åãžãšå
å²ãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã«ããçãã第ïŒã®åæ»ç¹
STïŒã«åºäŒãã軞æ¹åã®é»å Žãã€ãªã³ãããŠã
ã®åæ»ç¹STïŒã貫éããããããã«ãªãªãã€ã¹
ïŒïŒãééããããããã€ãªã€æµäœã¯éå£ïŒïŒã
ãã³ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒã®ãããããééããªãã®
ã§ããªãªãã€ã¹ãè©°ããããããªãã€ãªã€æµäœäž
ã®ç©è³ªã¯ããã§è¿°ã¹ãå®æœäŸã§ã¯çããªãããšã«
泚ç®ãã¹ãã§ããã
ãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã®éã®ç©ºéã«å ¥ããšãã€ãª
ã³ã¯ãéå£ïŒïŒæ¹åãšãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒæ¹åãžãšå
å²ãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã«ããçãã第ïŒã®åæ»ç¹
STïŒã«åºäŒãã軞æ¹åã®é»å Žãã€ãªã³ãããŠã
ã®åæ»ç¹STïŒã貫éããããããã«ãªãªãã€ã¹
ïŒïŒãééããããããã€ãªã€æµäœã¯éå£ïŒïŒã
ãã³ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒã®ãããããééããªãã®
ã§ããªãªãã€ã¹ãè©°ããããããªãã€ãªã€æµäœäž
ã®ç©è³ªã¯ããã§è¿°ã¹ãå®æœäŸã§ã¯çããªãããšã«
泚ç®ãã¹ãã§ããã
äžè¿°ã®èª¬æãããéé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®äžæµåŽå
端ã¯ã
åæ»ç¹STïŒã®äžæµã«äœçœ®ããã°ãªãã¬ããšãæ
ããã§ãããããããéé»æ¥µïŒïŒãåæ»ç¹STïŒ
äžãããã¯ãããããäžæµã«ãããšãé»æ¥µå 端ã«
ãããæµäœé床ã¯è»žæ¹åæåãæããªããããã
ã¯éè¡ããããšãšãªã€ãŠãå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³ã®å šãŠã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒã«åžåŒããïŒå 端ãããããããšãªãïŒ
倱ãããããšãšãªãããéé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®äžæµåŽå 端
ãåæ»ç¹STïŒã®äžæµã«çœ®ãããšã«ãã€ãŠãå€æ°
ã®ã€ãªã³ã®åæ»ç¹ééãå¯èœãšãªããäŸãã°ãé»
極å 端ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®ééã¯ã
çŽïŒãïŒcmã§ãããç¹STïŒãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹
ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®ééã¯çŽïŒãïŒcmã§ããã
åæ»ç¹STïŒã®äžæµã«äœçœ®ããã°ãªãã¬ããšãæ
ããã§ãããããããéé»æ¥µïŒïŒãåæ»ç¹STïŒ
äžãããã¯ãããããäžæµã«ãããšãé»æ¥µå 端ã«
ãããæµäœé床ã¯è»žæ¹åæåãæããªããããã
ã¯éè¡ããããšãšãªã€ãŠãå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³ã®å šãŠã
é»æ¥µïŒïŒã«åžåŒããïŒå 端ãããããããšãªãïŒ
倱ãããããšãšãªãããéé»æ¥µïŒïŒã®äžæµåŽå 端
ãåæ»ç¹STïŒã®äžæµã«çœ®ãããšã«ãã€ãŠãå€æ°
ã®ã€ãªã³ã®åæ»ç¹ééãå¯èœãšãªããäŸãã°ãé»
極å 端ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®ééã¯ã
çŽïŒãïŒcmã§ãããç¹STïŒãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹
ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®ééã¯çŽïŒãïŒcmã§ããã
ãŸããã€ãªã³ããã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒã®éã®ç©ºéã«
å ¥ã€ããšããã€ãªã³ã¯ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒã«åã€ãŠåœ
æ²ãããåœæ²ãããã€ãªã³éè·¯ã¯ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒ
ïŒãžåããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµããšéãåãããé»
å Žãšã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æãããããããè¡ãªãããã«ã
ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒã®éã®ç©ºéãééããé»å Žã«ã
ãäžããããã€ãªã³ã®é床ã¯ãé«éããªãããã«
é»å§èª¿ç¯ãè¡ãªããªããã°ãªããªãããããè¡ãª
ãããªããšããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠåžåŒããã
ã€ãªã³æã®ååŸãäžèŠã«å°ãããªã€ãŠããŸãã
å ¥ã€ããšããã€ãªã³ã¯ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒã«åã€ãŠåœ
æ²ãããåœæ²ãããã€ãªã³éè·¯ã¯ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒ
ïŒãžåããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµããšéãåãããé»
å Žãšã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æãããããããè¡ãªãããã«ã
ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒã®éã®ç©ºéãééããé»å Žã«ã
ãäžããããã€ãªã³ã®é床ã¯ãé«éããªãããã«
é»å§èª¿ç¯ãè¡ãªããªããã°ãªããªãããããè¡ãª
ãããªããšããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠåžåŒããã
ã€ãªã³æã®ååŸãäžèŠã«å°ãããªã€ãŠããŸãã
第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãåŠããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³éšïŒããã³ç
空éšïŒãžã®æ°çžã€ãªã³å ¥åãäžãã代ãã«ãããŒ
ããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã®åœ¢ã§å ¥åã圢æããŠãã
ããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒäžã«å¿ èŠãªç¬Šå·ã®
ã€ãªã³ãéããããããã§ã€ãªã³ã¯äžåãããã
ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã®è¡šé¢ããææ©ã€ãªã³
çšãšããŠã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããé©åœãªéå±ããŒãªã©ã€
ããéå±é žåç©ã®åŠãé©åœãªç©è³ªã«ãã€ãŠåŠçã
ãã°ãã€ãªã³ã¯ãã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ã®è¡šé¢
ã«åžçããããã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ãå ç±ã
ãããŸã§ãšã©ãŸããç©è³ªãé©åœã«éžã¶ããšã«ãã€
ãŠãå ã«ã€ãªã³åã䌎ãªããªãçè·¡ååã®åçŽãª
åžçãéžæçãªããã»ã¹ãšãªã䜿çšå¯èœãšãªã
ããå¿ èŠããã°ãäŸãã°æ¶²äœã¯ãããã°ã©ããã
ã®æµäœæåããç空宀å ã§ã®åæã®ããã«é©åœãª
æè¡ã®äœ¿çšã«ããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€äžã«åžç
ãããããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã¯ãã€ã³ã¿
ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éå£ïŒïŒããªãªãã€ã¹ã
ã¬ãŒãïŒã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠç空宀ïŒã«å°
ã³ããããç空宀å ã§ãã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€
ïŒïŒã¯ããã€ãã¹ã¿ã³ïŒïŒãééããããã®ãã€
ãã¹ã¿ã³ïŒïŒã¯ããã€ãã¹ã¿ã³éã®ããŒãããã
ã¯ã¯ã€ã€ã«é»æµãæµãããã«æ»é»ãããããŒãã
ããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ãå ç±ããããã«çµåããŠããè©Šæ
ãæé€ãããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã¯ãããŒ
ã©ïŒïŒããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ãä»ããŠ
埩垰ãã貯èµãªãŒã«ïŒå³ç€ºããïŒã«å·»ãåãã
ãããããã¯ãã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã¯ã
ãšã³ãã¬ã¹ã®ã«ãŒãã圢æããŠããããäŸãã°
0.2ãïŒãã«ã®ãååŠçãªã€ãªã³ååå¿ã«é©ãã
å§åãäžã«æããããã®ããŒãïŒïŒããªãªãã€ã¹
ïŒïŒã®åšå²ã«èšããŠãããããã®ååŠçãªã€ãªã³
ååå¿ã¯ãåžçååãã€ãªã³ã«å転æããããã«
ããŒãå ã§çšãããããããŒãïŒïŒã¯ãäŸãã°çµ¶
çžæ¯æéšïŒïŒïœã«ãããã¬ãŒãïŒïŒãã絶çžãã
ãŠããã
空éšïŒãžã®æ°çžã€ãªã³å ¥åãäžãã代ãã«ãããŒ
ããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã®åœ¢ã§å ¥åã圢æããŠãã
ããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒäžã«å¿ èŠãªç¬Šå·ã®
ã€ãªã³ãéããããããã§ã€ãªã³ã¯äžåãããã
ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã®è¡šé¢ããææ©ã€ãªã³
çšãšããŠã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããé©åœãªéå±ããŒãªã©ã€
ããéå±é žåç©ã®åŠãé©åœãªç©è³ªã«ãã€ãŠåŠçã
ãã°ãã€ãªã³ã¯ãã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ã®è¡šé¢
ã«åžçããããã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ãå ç±ã
ãããŸã§ãšã©ãŸããç©è³ªãé©åœã«éžã¶ããšã«ãã€
ãŠãå ã«ã€ãªã³åã䌎ãªããªãçè·¡ååã®åçŽãª
åžçãéžæçãªããã»ã¹ãšãªã䜿çšå¯èœãšãªã
ããå¿ èŠããã°ãäŸãã°æ¶²äœã¯ãããã°ã©ããã
ã®æµäœæåããç空宀å ã§ã®åæã®ããã«é©åœãª
æè¡ã®äœ¿çšã«ããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€äžã«åžç
ãããããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã¯ãã€ã³ã¿
ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éå£ïŒïŒããªãªãã€ã¹ã
ã¬ãŒãïŒã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠç空宀ïŒã«å°
ã³ããããç空宀å ã§ãã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€
ïŒïŒã¯ããã€ãã¹ã¿ã³ïŒïŒãééããããã®ãã€
ãã¹ã¿ã³ïŒïŒã¯ããã€ãã¹ã¿ã³éã®ããŒãããã
ã¯ã¯ã€ã€ã«é»æµãæµãããã«æ»é»ãããããŒãã
ããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ãå ç±ããããã«çµåããŠããè©Šæ
ãæé€ãããããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã¯ãããŒ
ã©ïŒïŒããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ãä»ããŠ
埩垰ãã貯èµãªãŒã«ïŒå³ç€ºããïŒã«å·»ãåãã
ãããããã¯ãã®ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒã¯ã
ãšã³ãã¬ã¹ã®ã«ãŒãã圢æããŠããããäŸãã°
0.2ãïŒãã«ã®ãååŠçãªã€ãªã³ååå¿ã«é©ãã
å§åãäžã«æããããã®ããŒãïŒïŒããªãªãã€ã¹
ïŒïŒã®åšå²ã«èšããŠãããããã®ååŠçãªã€ãªã³
ååå¿ã¯ãåžçååãã€ãªã³ã«å転æããããã«
ããŒãå ã§çšãããããããŒãïŒïŒã¯ãäŸãã°çµ¶
çžæ¯æéšïŒïŒïœã«ãããã¬ãŒãïŒïŒãã絶çžãã
ãŠããã
ããŒããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ïŒïŒãçšããããšã«ãã€
ãŠç©ºæ°ä»ã®ã¬ã¹ãããã¯æ¶²äœäžã®ã¬ã¹çè·¡ã¯ãã
ãŒãèšé²ãããã¹ãã¢ãããèªã¿åºãéšãšããŠå
ããã®çºæã«ããè£ çœ®å ã§åçãããããšãšãªã
ãã®ã§ããããšã¯æããã§ããã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãå
å¿éšïŒã¯ãå¿ èŠããã°ãäžå€®é åã«ãããŠçè·¡ã¬
ã¹ããã€ãªã³ã圢æããŠåãããããããã§ããŒ
ããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ã«æããããããã«çšãããã
ã«ããããšãã§ããã
ãŠç©ºæ°ä»ã®ã¬ã¹ãããã¯æ¶²äœäžã®ã¬ã¹çè·¡ã¯ãã
ãŒãèšé²ãããã¹ãã¢ãããèªã¿åºãéšãšããŠå
ããã®çºæã«ããè£ çœ®å ã§åçãããããšãšãªã
ãã®ã§ããããšã¯æããã§ããã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãå
å¿éšïŒã¯ãå¿ èŠããã°ãäžå€®é åã«ãããŠçè·¡ã¬
ã¹ããã€ãªã³ã圢æããŠåãããããããã§ããŒ
ããããã¯ã¯ã€ã€ã«æããããããã«çšãããã
ã«ããããšãã§ããã
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãšããŠCO2ãäžè¿°ã®èª¬æã§ã¯çšã
ãããããæ£ãããã¯è² ã®ã€ãªã³åæã«çšããã®
ã«é©ããäœåå¿æ§ããã³é©åœãªæž©åºŠã§äœæž©ãã³ã
ããïŒcryopumpedïŒããšãã§ãããããªã¬ã¹ã§
ããã°ä»ã®ãã®ãçšããããšãã§ãããå Žåã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯ãäŸãã°éåžžã®H2OïŒèžæ°ïŒã®åŠãé«åå¿
æ§ã®ã¬ã¹ãçšããããšãã§ããããŸãçš®ã ã®ãã
çŽ åããçåæ°ŽçŽ ã¬ã¹ãäŸãã°ãã¬ãªã³ïŒfreonïŒ
ã®åæšã§ç¥ãããäœãåå¿æ§ã®ã¬ã¹ããçšããã
ãšãã§ãããããããªããå°éã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éå£ïŒïŒããæ¡æ£
ããã®ã§ã䜿çšãããã¬ã¹ã¯ãããé€å»ãã宀ã
ããã¯æ段ã«åãå ¥ãããããããªãã®ã§ãªããŠ
ã¯ãªããªããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã¯ãåšç·æ¹åæ
åãå«ãå¿ èŠã¯ãªããçŽç²ã«ååŸæ¹åæåãæã
ãªããã°ãªããªãã奜ãŸããã¯ã䜿çšãããã¬ã¹
ã¯ãåºçžã§ååºãããšããäœæž©ãã³ãé¢ã«ããåŸ
ããã枩床ã«ãããŠå€§æ°å§ãäŸãã°10-4ãã«ãã
éåžžã«å°ããªèžæ°å§ãæããã¬ã¹ãçšããããã¹
ãã§ããã
ãããããæ£ãããã¯è² ã®ã€ãªã³åæã«çšããã®
ã«é©ããäœåå¿æ§ããã³é©åœãªæž©åºŠã§äœæž©ãã³ã
ããïŒcryopumpedïŒããšãã§ãããããªã¬ã¹ã§
ããã°ä»ã®ãã®ãçšããããšãã§ãããå Žåã«ã
ã€ãŠã¯ãäŸãã°éåžžã®H2OïŒèžæ°ïŒã®åŠãé«åå¿
æ§ã®ã¬ã¹ãçšããããšãã§ããããŸãçš®ã ã®ãã
çŽ åããçåæ°ŽçŽ ã¬ã¹ãäŸãã°ãã¬ãªã³ïŒfreonïŒ
ã®åæšã§ç¥ãããäœãåå¿æ§ã®ã¬ã¹ããçšããã
ãšãã§ãããããããªããå°éã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒã®éå£ïŒïŒããæ¡æ£
ããã®ã§ã䜿çšãããã¬ã¹ã¯ãããé€å»ãã宀ã
ããã¯æ段ã«åãå ¥ãããããããªãã®ã§ãªããŠ
ã¯ãªããªããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã¯ãåšç·æ¹åæ
åãå«ãå¿ èŠã¯ãªããçŽç²ã«ååŸæ¹åæåãæã
ãªããã°ãªããªãã奜ãŸããã¯ã䜿çšãããã¬ã¹
ã¯ãåºçžã§ååºãããšããäœæž©ãã³ãé¢ã«ããåŸ
ããã枩床ã«ãããŠå€§æ°å§ãäŸãã°10-4ãã«ãã
éåžžã«å°ããªèžæ°å§ãæããã¬ã¹ãçšããããã¹
ãã§ããã
å¿
èŠã«å¿ããŠã液äœçªçŽ ãçšãã代ãã«æ©æ¢°ç
ãªå·åŽãè¡ãªãããŠãããããã®å Žåã«ã¯åºç¯å²
ãªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãçšããããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã
éåžžã«äœæž©ã®å·åŽãŠãããããç±³åœãããµããŠãŒ
ã»ããã®ã¯ã©ã€ãªãžãšããã¯ã¹ ãã¯ãããžãŒ
ã€ã³ã¯ïŒCryogenics Technology Inc.CTIïŒã«
ããçŸåšè£œé ãããŠããããããã®ã¯ãŒã©ã®ãã
ãã®ã¯ã20ãã®åŠãäœæž©ã§æ°ã¯ããã®ç±ãé€å»ã
ãèœåãæããŠãããããã«ãããã¢ã«ãŽã³ãã¯
ãªããã³ãããã¯çªçŽ ã®åŠãã¬ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹
ãšããŠäœ¿çšå¯èœãšãªãã第ïŒå³ããã³ç¬¬ïŒå³ã¯ã
波圢ã®ãã€ã³ïŒïŒâ²ãæããæ©æ¢°çãªå·åŽè£ 眮ã®
䜿çšãå¯èœãªç空宀ïŒâ²ã®äžäŸã瀺ããŠãããã
ã®ãã€ã³ïŒïŒâ²ã¯ãããã±ã«ã¡ãããããé ã®åŠ
ãå°éæ§ã®é«ãéå±è£œã§ãããäžè¿°ã®CTIã«ãã
補é ãããé©åœãªããŒããã³ãã®å·åŽããŒïŒå³ç€º
ããïŒã«çŽæ¥çµåãããŠãããå³ç€ºãã¬ç¬¬ïŒã®å·
åŽé¢ã宀ïŒâ²ãåãå²ãããã«èšãããããã³ã
ã®ç¬¬ïŒã®å·åŽç¹ã«æ¥ç¶ãããããã«ããŠãããã
質éåæåšïŒïŒããã€ã³ïŒïŒâ²èåŸã®å®€ïŒâ²ã«äœçœ®
ããããããç空宀ãããã¯ãããŠãã絶çžæ段
ã¯å³ç€ºãçç¥ãããŠããã
ãªå·åŽãè¡ãªãããŠãããããã®å Žåã«ã¯åºç¯å²
ãªã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãçšããããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã
éåžžã«äœæž©ã®å·åŽãŠãããããç±³åœãããµããŠãŒ
ã»ããã®ã¯ã©ã€ãªãžãšããã¯ã¹ ãã¯ãããžãŒ
ã€ã³ã¯ïŒCryogenics Technology Inc.CTIïŒã«
ããçŸåšè£œé ãããŠããããããã®ã¯ãŒã©ã®ãã
ãã®ã¯ã20ãã®åŠãäœæž©ã§æ°ã¯ããã®ç±ãé€å»ã
ãèœåãæããŠãããããã«ãããã¢ã«ãŽã³ãã¯
ãªããã³ãããã¯çªçŽ ã®åŠãã¬ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹
ãšããŠäœ¿çšå¯èœãšãªãã第ïŒå³ããã³ç¬¬ïŒå³ã¯ã
波圢ã®ãã€ã³ïŒïŒâ²ãæããæ©æ¢°çãªå·åŽè£ 眮ã®
䜿çšãå¯èœãªç空宀ïŒâ²ã®äžäŸã瀺ããŠãããã
ã®ãã€ã³ïŒïŒâ²ã¯ãããã±ã«ã¡ãããããé ã®åŠ
ãå°éæ§ã®é«ãéå±è£œã§ãããäžè¿°ã®CTIã«ãã
補é ãããé©åœãªããŒããã³ãã®å·åŽããŒïŒå³ç€º
ããïŒã«çŽæ¥çµåãããŠãããå³ç€ºãã¬ç¬¬ïŒã®å·
åŽé¢ã宀ïŒâ²ãåãå²ãããã«èšãããããã³ã
ã®ç¬¬ïŒã®å·åŽç¹ã«æ¥ç¶ãããããã«ããŠãããã
質éåæåšïŒïŒããã€ã³ïŒïŒâ²èåŸã®å®€ïŒâ²ã«äœçœ®
ããããããç空宀ãããã¯ãããŠãã絶çžæ段
ã¯å³ç€ºãçç¥ãããŠããã
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãäœæž©ãã³ãã§åŠçãã代ãã«ã
宀ãä»ã®æ段ã§ç空åããŠãããïŒæ©æ¢°çãªå€§ã
ã³ãã§ïŒããšã¯æããã§ãããããã«ããäžè¿°ã
ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®äœ¿çšã«ããå¹æãåæ§ã«åŸãã
ããããªã³ã®åŠãä»ã®æ¯èŒçåå¿æ§ã®äœãã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹ã䜿çšããŠãããã
宀ãä»ã®æ段ã§ç空åããŠãããïŒæ©æ¢°çãªå€§ã
ã³ãã§ïŒããšã¯æããã§ãããããã«ããäžè¿°ã
ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®äœ¿çšã«ããå¹æãåæ§ã«åŸãã
ããããªã³ã®åŠãä»ã®æ¯èŒçåå¿æ§ã®äœãã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹ã䜿çšããŠãããã
第ïŒå³ã«ãã®çºæã®ããã«ä»ã®å®æœäŸã瀺ãã
第ïŒå³ã«ãããŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹å®€ïŒïŒïŒã¯ãç°ç¶
ã®çµ¶çžäœïŒïŒïŒã§é¢éãããéå±ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããš
ãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒãšéå±ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒã
ïŒïŒïŒãšãæããããããã®ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒã¯ããããåäžè»žäžã«éå£ïŒïŒïŒãšãªãªãã€
ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãæããã
ã®çµ¶çžäœïŒïŒïŒã§é¢éãããéå±ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããš
ãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒãšéå±ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒã
ïŒïŒïŒãšãæããããããã®ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒã¯ããããåäžè»žäžã«éå£ïŒïŒïŒãšãªãªãã€
ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãæããã
ãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒã¯ã質éåæåšïŒïŒ
ïŒãå«ãç空宀ïŒïŒïŒã®äžç«¯éšã圢æããã€ã³ã¿
ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒã¯ã€ãªã³å宀ãããã¯
åå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã®äžç«¯éšã圢æããã
ïŒãå«ãç空宀ïŒïŒïŒã®äžç«¯éšã圢æããã€ã³ã¿
ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒã¯ã€ãªã³å宀ãããã¯
åå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã®äžç«¯éšã圢æããã
ç®çã®çè·¡æåïŒååãããã¯ååïŒãå«ããµ
ã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã¯ããã€ãïŒïŒïŒãä»ããŠãœãŒã¹ïŒïŒ
ïŒããåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒãžãšå°ã³ããããéç¶æŸé»é»
極ïŒïŒïŒãããã€ãïŒïŒïŒããã®æµãã®äžã§ãã€
ãŠã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒã«å¯Ÿåãã宀
ïŒïŒïŒã®å£ã«é 眮ãããéå£ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒãšå
軞äžã«ããããã«ããããé©åœãªåŒ·åºŠãšç¬Šå·ã®é»
äœãé»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒãšãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã«äžã
ãããŠãé»æ¥µå 端ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒ
ïŒïŒã®éã§ã€ãªã³åãè¡ãªãããããããã®éšæ
éã®é»å Žã瀺ãç·ãïŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããŠããïŒç¬¬ïŒ
å³ãšåã圢ç¶ã®ç·ã§ç€ºãã第ïŒïŒå³ïŒã
ã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã¯ããã€ãïŒïŒïŒãä»ããŠãœãŒã¹ïŒïŒ
ïŒããåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒãžãšå°ã³ããããéç¶æŸé»é»
極ïŒïŒïŒãããã€ãïŒïŒïŒããã®æµãã®äžã§ãã€
ãŠã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒã«å¯Ÿåãã宀
ïŒïŒïŒã®å£ã«é 眮ãããéå£ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒãšå
軞äžã«ããããã«ããããé©åœãªåŒ·åºŠãšç¬Šå·ã®é»
äœãé»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒãšãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã«äžã
ãããŠãé»æ¥µå 端ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒ
ïŒïŒã®éã§ã€ãªã³åãè¡ãªãããããããã®éšæ
éã®é»å Žã瀺ãç·ãïŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããŠããïŒç¬¬ïŒ
å³ãšåã圢ç¶ã®ç·ã§ç€ºãã第ïŒïŒå³ïŒã
åäœã«éããŠãçè·¡æåã¯ãé»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒããã®
æŸé»ãããã¯ä»ã®æŸåºããã»ã¹ïŒç±ãããã¯RF
ãã€ãŒã«ãçïŒã«ããçŽæ¥ã€ãªã³åãããããã
ãã¯ãã®ã€ãªã³åã¯ãååŠçãªã€ãªã³åããã»ã¹
ã®ã¹ããããèžãã§ãéæ¥çã«è¡ãªãããã«ããŠ
ãããããã®å Žåãäžã€ãããã¯ãã以äžã®ååŠ
çãªè©Šè¬ã¬ã¹ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãã€ãïŒïŒïŒã«æ¥ç¶
ãããã€ãïŒïŒïŒããè©Šæã«æ³šå ¥ããããã«ããŠ
ããããå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³âåååå¿ã宀ïŒïŒïŒå ã§
è¡ãªãããäŸçµŠãããã¬ã¹æ··åäœã«å¿ããŠã€ãªã³
ã圢æãããã
æŸé»ãããã¯ä»ã®æŸåºããã»ã¹ïŒç±ãããã¯RF
ãã€ãŒã«ãçïŒã«ããçŽæ¥ã€ãªã³åãããããã
ãã¯ãã®ã€ãªã³åã¯ãååŠçãªã€ãªã³åããã»ã¹
ã®ã¹ããããèžãã§ãéæ¥çã«è¡ãªãããã«ããŠ
ãããããã®å Žåãäžã€ãããã¯ãã以äžã®ååŠ
çãªè©Šè¬ã¬ã¹ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãã€ãïŒïŒïŒã«æ¥ç¶
ãããã€ãïŒïŒïŒããè©Šæã«æ³šå ¥ããããã«ããŠ
ããããå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³âåååå¿ã宀ïŒïŒïŒå ã§
è¡ãªãããäŸçµŠãããã¬ã¹æ··åäœã«å¿ããŠã€ãªã³
ã圢æãããã
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®ä»ã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠä»¥äžã«èª¬
æãããåæãã¹ãçè·¡ç©è³ªãçåªäžã«æº¶è§£ãã
ããäŸãã°ãçè·¡ç©è³ªãå«ã空æ°ã溶åªäžã«æ°æ³¡
ãšããŠéããããçè·¡ç©è³ªãæ°Žã«å«ãŸããŠãããš
ãã¯ãæ°Žèªèº«ã溶åªãšãªãããããã¯ãçè·¡ç©è³ª
ã¯æŽ»æ§çã®åŠãåºäœåºäœäžã«éããããããšãã
ãããã®å Žåã¯åºäœã¯æº¶åªïŒäŸãã°ãã³ãŒã³ïŒäž
ã§æ¯åãããããã溶åªãšããŠãã³ãŒã³ãå¡©åã¡
ãã¬ã³ããããµã³ãã€ãœãªã¯ã¿ã³çãçšããã
ãã
æãããåæãã¹ãçè·¡ç©è³ªãçåªäžã«æº¶è§£ãã
ããäŸãã°ãçè·¡ç©è³ªãå«ã空æ°ã溶åªäžã«æ°æ³¡
ãšããŠéããããçè·¡ç©è³ªãæ°Žã«å«ãŸããŠãããš
ãã¯ãæ°Žèªèº«ã溶åªãšãªãããããã¯ãçè·¡ç©è³ª
ã¯æŽ»æ§çã®åŠãåºäœåºäœäžã«éããããããšãã
ãããã®å Žåã¯åºäœã¯æº¶åªïŒäŸãã°ãã³ãŒã³ïŒäž
ã§æ¯åãããããã溶åªãšããŠãã³ãŒã³ãå¡©åã¡
ãã¬ã³ããããµã³ãã€ãœãªã¯ã¿ã³çãçšããã
ãã
çè·¡ç©è³ªã«å
å«ãã溶åªã«ã€ãã§èžçºãããã
ããããã¯æº¶åªãç±ãããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹æµäžã«åŽå°
ãããããšã«ãã€ãŠè¡ãªããããååŠçãªã€ãªã³
åããã»ã¹ã奜ãŸãããšãã«ã¯ã溶åªãªååŠçãª
ã€ãªã³åè©Šè¬ãçšãããããŸãè£å©çãªè©Šè¬ãã
ã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹ã®äžéšãŸãã¯å šéšãšããŠçšããããã
ããããã¯æº¶åªãç±ãããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹æµäžã«åŽå°
ãããããšã«ãã€ãŠè¡ãªããããååŠçãªã€ãªã³
åããã»ã¹ã奜ãŸãããšãã«ã¯ã溶åªãªååŠçãª
ã€ãªã³åè©Šè¬ãçšãããããŸãè£å©çãªè©Šè¬ãã
ã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹ã®äžéšãŸãã¯å šéšãšããŠçšããããã
çè·¡ç©è³ªã¯ãŸãã液äœã¯ãããã°ã©ãããåã
åºããããã®å Žåã€ãªã³åã«å ç«ã€ãŠæ¶²äœãã€ãª
ã€ã¯èžçºãããããã
åºããããã®å Žåã€ãªã³åã«å ç«ã€ãŠæ¶²äœãã€ãª
ã€ã¯èžçºãããããã
第ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã«ç€ºãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã¯ãã€ã³ã¬
ãããã¯ãïŒïŒïŒããäŸçµŠãããåšç·æ¹åæåã
å«ããååŸæ¹åå æ¹ã«åããããå圢ã®ãããŒã
ã¿ãŒã³ãæããŠãããå圢ã®ãããŒãã¿ãŒã³ã圢
æããããã«ä»ã®æ段ãçšããŠããããã«ãŒãã³
ã¬ã¹ã¯ããœãŒã¹ïŒïŒïŒããäŸçµŠãã€ãïŒïŒïŒãä»
ããŠäŸçµŠãããããã€ãïŒïŒïŒã«èšãããã«ãïŒ
ïŒïŒãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹å®€ïŒïŒïŒäžã®å§åãã³ã³ãã
ãŒã«ããã
ãããã¯ãïŒïŒïŒããäŸçµŠãããåšç·æ¹åæåã
å«ããååŸæ¹åå æ¹ã«åããããå圢ã®ãããŒã
ã¿ãŒã³ãæããŠãããå圢ã®ãããŒãã¿ãŒã³ã圢
æããããã«ä»ã®æ段ãçšããŠããããã«ãŒãã³
ã¬ã¹ã¯ããœãŒã¹ïŒïŒïŒããäŸçµŠãã€ãïŒïŒïŒãä»
ããŠäŸçµŠãããããã€ãïŒïŒïŒã«èšãããã«ãïŒ
ïŒïŒãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹å®€ïŒïŒïŒäžã®å§åãã³ã³ãã
ãŒã«ããã
第ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã«ãããŠãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµã
ã¯ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒããç空宀ïŒïŒïŒãžã®æµã
ã«å¯Ÿæããããã«å°ãªãããçããããããã¯å€
ããã®çš®ã ã®ç¶æ ã§äœåããããããã®ç¶æ ã®ã
ãããã®å Žåã«å©ç¹ããããããããªãããã®æµ
ãã®åŠäœã«ããããããé»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒãšãã¬ãŒãïŒ
ïŒïŒã«äžããããé»å§ããã³åäžæ¹åã«ãã¬ãŒã
ïŒïŒïŒã«äžãããã第ïŒã®é»å§ã«ãã€ãŠå®€ïŒïŒïŒ
äžã®é»å Žã¯ãã€ãªã³ããã¬ã¹æµããé«éã§åžåŒã
ããŠå®€ïŒïŒïŒãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹å®€ïŒïŒïŒã®ã¬ã¹ã«ãŒ
ãã³ãä»ããŠç空宀ïŒïŒïŒãžãšå°ãããããã«æ§
æãããã第ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã«çšããããé»å§ãã
ã®èª¬æã®æ«å°Ÿã«ä»ãå ããããŠããã宀ïŒïŒïŒäž
ã®éå°ã®ã¬ã¹ããã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒ
ïŒã«é£æ¥ãã宀ïŒïŒïŒã®å€å£ã«èšããéæ°åïŒïŒ
ïŒããè±åºããããã¯ãã³ãã«ããæåºãããã
ã¯ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒããç空宀ïŒïŒïŒãžã®æµã
ã«å¯Ÿæããããã«å°ãªãããçããããããã¯å€
ããã®çš®ã ã®ç¶æ ã§äœåããããããã®ç¶æ ã®ã
ãããã®å Žåã«å©ç¹ããããããããªãããã®æµ
ãã®åŠäœã«ããããããé»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒãšãã¬ãŒãïŒ
ïŒïŒã«äžããããé»å§ããã³åäžæ¹åã«ãã¬ãŒã
ïŒïŒïŒã«äžãããã第ïŒã®é»å§ã«ãã€ãŠå®€ïŒïŒïŒ
äžã®é»å Žã¯ãã€ãªã³ããã¬ã¹æµããé«éã§åžåŒã
ããŠå®€ïŒïŒïŒãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹å®€ïŒïŒïŒã®ã¬ã¹ã«ãŒ
ãã³ãä»ããŠç空宀ïŒïŒïŒãžãšå°ãããããã«æ§
æãããã第ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã«çšããããé»å§ãã
ã®èª¬æã®æ«å°Ÿã«ä»ãå ããããŠããã宀ïŒïŒïŒäž
ã®éå°ã®ã¬ã¹ããã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒ
ïŒã«é£æ¥ãã宀ïŒïŒïŒã®å€å£ã«èšããéæ°åïŒïŒ
ïŒããè±åºããããã¯ãã³ãã«ããæåºãããã
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹äŸçµŠãã€ãïŒïŒïŒããã®ã«ãŒãã³
ã¬ã¹ããã¬ã¹å®€ïŒïŒïŒãããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãžãš
æµããæµãã«å¹æµããããããã¯å ãã«ãããã
å€ãå Žåã«ã¯ãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒããç空宀ãžã®ãµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã¯é»æ¢ããããã€ãªã³ã¯äŒéãã
ãããšã«ãªããããã¯ç¬¬ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã®äœåãšå
ãã¢ãŒãã§ãããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ã以äžã«è¿°ã¹ã
å©ç¹ãæããã
ã¬ã¹ããã¬ã¹å®€ïŒïŒïŒãããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãžãš
æµããæµãã«å¹æµããããããã¯å ãã«ãããã
å€ãå Žåã«ã¯ãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒããç空宀ãžã®ãµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã¯é»æ¢ããããã€ãªã³ã¯äŒéãã
ãããšã«ãªããããã¯ç¬¬ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã®äœåãšå
ãã¢ãŒãã§ãããã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³ã¯ã以äžã«è¿°ã¹ã
å©ç¹ãæããã
第ïŒã«ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã¯ãç空宀ã«å
¥ã
æµããšã¯ç¡é¢ä¿ã§ãããçš®ã ã®ãœãŒã¹ããã®ãµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãäŸãã°æ¯çŽ°ç®¡ã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã
ããã¯ãããã«ã©ã ã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ããçŽæ¥
ã®ç©ºæ°ãµã³ãã«ããã©ãããããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹äžãž
é¢è±ãããµã³ãã«ãªã©ã®å šãŠã®ãµã³ãã«ã¯ããã
ããã®æé©ã®ã¬ã¹æµãä¿æãããããã®ã¬ã¹ã泚
å ¥è£ çœ®ã«ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãåèŽããããã«å€æŽ
ããããšãªããããã®ã¬ã¹æµãåãå ¥ããããšã
å¯èœã§ããã
æµããšã¯ç¡é¢ä¿ã§ãããçš®ã ã®ãœãŒã¹ããã®ãµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãäŸãã°æ¯çŽ°ç®¡ã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã
ããã¯ãããã«ã©ã ã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ããçŽæ¥
ã®ç©ºæ°ãµã³ãã«ããã©ãããããã€ãªã€ã¬ã¹äžãž
é¢è±ãããµã³ãã«ãªã©ã®å šãŠã®ãµã³ãã«ã¯ããã
ããã®æé©ã®ã¬ã¹æµãä¿æãããããã®ã¬ã¹ã泚
å ¥è£ çœ®ã«ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãåèŽããããã«å€æŽ
ããããšãªããããã®ã¬ã¹æµãåãå ¥ããããšã
å¯èœã§ããã
第ïŒã«ãåŠäœãªããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã§ã䜿çšå¯èœã§
ãããããªãã¡ãäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçå¯èœãª
ïŒcryopumpableïŒãããã¯åŠçå¯èœãªã¬ã¹ïŒäŸã
ããªãŠã ïŒãæ°Žåãããã¯ç²åãå«ãã ã¬ã¹ïŒäŸã
éåžžã®ç©ºæ°ïŒãªã©ãæ®ãã©ãããã枩床ã§äœ¿çšå¯
èœã§ãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠãª
ãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã¯è©°ãŸãããšããªããªããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹èªèº«ã¯é«çŽåºŠãæããã€ä¹ŸããŠããç¬ç«ã
ãŠã³ã³ãããŒã«ããã枩床ãæããŠããã®ã§ã奜
ãŸãããªãäžå¹³è¡¡ã¯ã©ã¹ã¿ãªã³ã°ïŒnonâ
equilibrium clusteringïŒãçããªãããã®äžå¹³
è¡¡ã¯ã©ã¹ã¿ãªã³ã°ãšã¯ãç空宀å ã§ã®èšåŒµã«éã
ãŠã®å·åŽå¹æã«ããæç±ããªãŒãžãšããèšåŒµã§ç
ããåå¿ãæå³ããŠãããçè·¡ã¬ã¹ã€ãªã³ã®åšå²
ã«æãéãŸãååã¯éåžžæ°Žã®ååä»ã®äžçŽç©ã§ã
ãã®ã§ããã®äžå¹³è¡¡ã¯ã©ã¹ã¿ãªã³ã°ã¯çŽç²ãªã«ãŒ
ãã³ã¬ã¹ã®äœ¿çšã«ããå€§å¹ ã«æžå°ãããããšãã§
ããã
ãããããªãã¡ãäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçå¯èœãª
ïŒcryopumpableïŒãããã¯åŠçå¯èœãªã¬ã¹ïŒäŸã
ããªãŠã ïŒãæ°Žåãããã¯ç²åãå«ãã ã¬ã¹ïŒäŸã
éåžžã®ç©ºæ°ïŒãªã©ãæ®ãã©ãããã枩床ã§äœ¿çšå¯
èœã§ãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠãª
ãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã¯è©°ãŸãããšããªããªããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹èªèº«ã¯é«çŽåºŠãæããã€ä¹ŸããŠããç¬ç«ã
ãŠã³ã³ãããŒã«ããã枩床ãæããŠããã®ã§ã奜
ãŸãããªãäžå¹³è¡¡ã¯ã©ã¹ã¿ãªã³ã°ïŒnonâ
equilibrium clusteringïŒãçããªãããã®äžå¹³
è¡¡ã¯ã©ã¹ã¿ãªã³ã°ãšã¯ãç空宀å ã§ã®èšåŒµã«éã
ãŠã®å·åŽå¹æã«ããæç±ããªãŒãžãšããèšåŒµã§ç
ããåå¿ãæå³ããŠãããçè·¡ã¬ã¹ã€ãªã³ã®åšå²
ã«æãéãŸãååã¯éåžžæ°Žã®ååä»ã®äžçŽç©ã§ã
ãã®ã§ããã®äžå¹³è¡¡ã¯ã©ã¹ã¿ãªã³ã°ã¯çŽç²ãªã«ãŒ
ãã³ã¬ã¹ã®äœ¿çšã«ããå€§å¹ ã«æžå°ãããããšãã§
ããã
第ïŒã«ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãç空宀ãžã®ã¬ã¹æµãš
ç¡é¢ä¿ã§ãããšããããšã«ãã€ãŠãã»ãã®å°éã®
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãã䜿çšå¯èœã§ãªããšãïŒäŸãå°ã
ãªãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹å®¹åšããã®ïŒããã³çè·¡æåã®ã€
ãªã³åã«å¯ŸããŠå¿ èŠãªååŠåå¿ä¿æ°ãäœããšãã§
ãé«ãæ床ãåŸããããšããå©ç¹ããããäŸã
ã°ãåŸæ¥åšç¥ã®ã¹ãããã«ã©ã ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€
ãçšããããšãã§ãããã®å Žåãã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°
ã©ãããã®ã¬ã¹æµã¯å¿ èŠãªæéééã§åæ¢ããã
ããåæãäžãããããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã«ã€ããŠè¡ãª
ãããšãå¯èœãšãªãããŸãåæ§ã«ãã®çºæã«ãã
ã°ãã¬ã¹æµã¯é·æéåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒå ã«ãµã³ãã«ã¬
ã¹ãä¿æããããã«èª¿ç¯ããããšãã§ããå¿ èŠãª
çè·¡æåãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã«å ¥ã€ããšããæ€åºãã
ããã«ããããšãã§ããã
ç¡é¢ä¿ã§ãããšããããšã«ãã€ãŠãã»ãã®å°éã®
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãã䜿çšå¯èœã§ãªããšãïŒäŸãå°ã
ãªãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹å®¹åšããã®ïŒããã³çè·¡æåã®ã€
ãªã³åã«å¯ŸããŠå¿ èŠãªååŠåå¿ä¿æ°ãäœããšãã§
ãé«ãæ床ãåŸããããšããå©ç¹ããããäŸã
ã°ãåŸæ¥åšç¥ã®ã¹ãããã«ã©ã ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€
ãçšããããšãã§ãããã®å Žåãã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°
ã©ãããã®ã¬ã¹æµã¯å¿ èŠãªæéééã§åæ¢ããã
ããåæãäžãããããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã«ã€ããŠè¡ãª
ãããšãå¯èœãšãªãããŸãåæ§ã«ãã®çºæã«ãã
ã°ãã¬ã¹æµã¯é·æéåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒå ã«ãµã³ãã«ã¬
ã¹ãä¿æããããã«èª¿ç¯ããããšãã§ããå¿ èŠãª
çè·¡æåãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã«å ¥ã€ããšããæ€åºãã
ããã«ããããšãã§ããã
åæåšïŒïŒïŒã®åºåä¿¡å·ã¯ããã®ãšãå¢å ãã
ã®ã§ãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒãžã®å¿ èŠãªçè·¡æåã®é²å ¥ã
æ€ç¥ãããããã®ãšããã€ãïŒïŒïŒã«èšãããã
ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãåæ¢ããããã
ããã¯æžå°ãããŠããµã³ãã«ãããå®å šã«ã€ãªã³
åããããåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒå ã®å§åãæžå°ãããµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹æµã®ããã«äœäžãããšãã¯ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹æµããã«ãïŒïŒïŒã«ããåæã«æžå°ãããã
ãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹å®€ãžå ¥ãã®ãé»
æ¢ããã€ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒãžã©ã€ãšé²
å ¥ããªãããã«èª¿ç¯ãããã
ã®ã§ãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒãžã®å¿ èŠãªçè·¡æåã®é²å ¥ã
æ€ç¥ãããããã®ãšããã€ãïŒïŒïŒã«èšãããã
ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãåæ¢ããããã
ããã¯æžå°ãããŠããµã³ãã«ãããå®å šã«ã€ãªã³
åããããåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒå ã®å§åãæžå°ãããµã³
ãã«ã¬ã¹æµã®ããã«äœäžãããšãã¯ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹æµããã«ãïŒïŒïŒã«ããåæã«æžå°ãããã
ãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹å®€ãžå ¥ãã®ãé»
æ¢ããã€ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒãžã©ã€ãšé²
å ¥ããªãããã«èª¿ç¯ãããã
å¿
èŠãããã°ç¬¬ïŒïŒå³ã«ç€ºãããã«ãç®çã®ç
è·¡æåãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã«éãããšããå¢å ãã質
éåæåšããã®åºåä¿¡å·ã¯ãå¢å¹ åšïŒïŒïŒã«ãã
å¢å¹ ããã¹ã¬ãã·ãšã«ãæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒãäœåãã
ãã®ã«çšããããšãã§ãããæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒã«ãã
ãä¿¡å·ããéæž¡çãªå¹æãæã¡æ¶ãã®ã«å åã«æ
éã»ãããããæå®æéçµéåŸã«ãããªã»ããã
ããããªã¬ãŒã¬ãã«ãè¶ãããšãæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒã¯
äœåããŠãåºæ¥ãã ãé·æéåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒå ã«ãµ
ã³ãã«ãä¿æããããã«ã¬ã¹æµã調ç¯ããåŠãã
ã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒäŸãã°ããœã¬ãã€ããã«
ãïŒãå¶åŸ¡ããããã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã¯ãå¢å¹
åšïŒïŒïŒã®åºåãæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒã®ã¹ã¬ãã·ãšã«ã
ã¬ãã«ãäžåã€ããšããæåçãããã¯èªåçã«
ãªã»ãããããã
è·¡æåãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã«éãããšããå¢å ãã質
éåæåšããã®åºåä¿¡å·ã¯ãå¢å¹ åšïŒïŒïŒã«ãã
å¢å¹ ããã¹ã¬ãã·ãšã«ãæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒãäœåãã
ãã®ã«çšããããšãã§ãããæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒã«ãã
ãä¿¡å·ããéæž¡çãªå¹æãæã¡æ¶ãã®ã«å åã«æ
éã»ãããããæå®æéçµéåŸã«ãããªã»ããã
ããããªã¬ãŒã¬ãã«ãè¶ãããšãæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒã¯
äœåããŠãåºæ¥ãã ãé·æéåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒå ã«ãµ
ã³ãã«ãä¿æããããã«ã¬ã¹æµã調ç¯ããåŠãã
ã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒäŸãã°ããœã¬ãã€ããã«
ãïŒãå¶åŸ¡ããããã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã¯ãå¢å¹
åšïŒïŒïŒã®åºåãæ€åºåšïŒïŒïŒã®ã¹ã¬ãã·ãšã«ã
ã¬ãã«ãäžåã€ããšããæåçãããã¯èªåçã«
ãªã»ãããããã
å¿
èŠããã°ãç®çã®ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãåæ¢ããå
æãããåŸãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã¯çæéã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹
æµãå¢å ãããããšã«ãã€ãŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã§å ã
ãããã«ãããã
æãããåŸãåå¿å®€ïŒïŒïŒã¯çæéã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹
æµãå¢å ãããããšã«ãã€ãŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã§å ã
ãããã«ãããã
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã¯é©åœãªäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçå¯èœãªã¬
ã¹ã§ãããäœæž©ãã³ãã¯ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ããèªèº«ã
容æã«ã¯åŠçã§ããªãå Žåã«ããã¡ãã䜿çšã§ã
ããšããå©ç¹ãããã
ã¹ã§ãããäœæž©ãã³ãã¯ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ããèªèº«ã
容æã«ã¯åŠçã§ããªãå Žåã«ããã¡ãã䜿çšã§ã
ããšããå©ç¹ãããã
第ïŒå³ã®è£
眮ã«ããã第ïŒã®ã¢ãŒãã¯ãããã¢
ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ãïŒpierced curtainïŒãšåŒã°ããã
ãã®ã¢ãŒãã«ãããŠãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ãªãªãã€
ã¹ïŒïŒïŒããç空宀ïŒïŒïŒã«å ¥ãã¬ã¹æµã«å¯Ÿæã
ãã«ã¯äžå åã§ãããåŸã€ãŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ã
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ç¡éã«èª¿ç¯å¯èœãªãªãªã
ã€ã¹ã圢æãã€ãªã³ã®ããã®çªãšããŠã¯æ倧éã«
éããåºå®ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã圢æããããã«å¶åŸ¡ã
ãããããã¯ç¬¬ïŒïŒå³ã«ç€ºãããŠãããããã§é»
å Žã©ã€ã³ã¯ïŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ïŒ
ïŒïŒã§ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµã¯ïŒïŒïŒã§ããã³ã€ãªã³
æã¯ïŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããŠããã
ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ãïŒpierced curtainïŒãšåŒã°ããã
ãã®ã¢ãŒãã«ãããŠãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ãªãªãã€
ã¹ïŒïŒïŒããç空宀ïŒïŒïŒã«å ¥ãã¬ã¹æµã«å¯Ÿæã
ãã«ã¯äžå åã§ãããåŸã€ãŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ã
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ç¡éã«èª¿ç¯å¯èœãªãªãªã
ã€ã¹ã圢æãã€ãªã³ã®ããã®çªãšããŠã¯æ倧éã«
éããåºå®ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ã圢æããããã«å¶åŸ¡ã
ãããããã¯ç¬¬ïŒïŒå³ã«ç€ºãããŠãããããã§é»
å Žã©ã€ã³ã¯ïŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ïŒ
ïŒïŒã§ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµã¯ïŒïŒïŒã§ããã³ã€ãªã³
æã¯ïŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããŠããã
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯å軞äžã«ãããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒ
ïŒãšéå£ïŒïŒïŒã®è»žã«åãã€ãŠååŸæ¹åå æ¹ã«åœ¢
æãããã®ã§ããã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ç空宀ãžå ¥
ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãå å²ããããšã«ãªããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹æµïŒïŒïŒãå¢å ãããšããã®ã¬ã¹æµã¯æŒžæ¬¡
ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãšéå£ïŒïŒïŒã®äžå¿è»žã«åãã€
ãŠãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµïŒïŒïŒãå¶éãããããã«ãã
å¿ èŠãªçšåºŠã«ãŸã§ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãæžå°ãããã
ãšã«ãªããéå°ã®ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãååšãããšãã¯
éæ°åïŒïŒïŒããæåºãããã
ïŒãšéå£ïŒïŒïŒã®è»žã«åãã€ãŠååŸæ¹åå æ¹ã«åœ¢
æãããã®ã§ããã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ç空宀ãžå ¥
ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãå å²ããããšã«ãªããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹æµïŒïŒïŒãå¢å ãããšããã®ã¬ã¹æµã¯æŒžæ¬¡
ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒãšéå£ïŒïŒïŒã®äžå¿è»žã«åãã€
ãŠãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµïŒïŒïŒãå¶éãããããã«ãã
å¿ èŠãªçšåºŠã«ãŸã§ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãæžå°ãããã
ãšã«ãªããéå°ã®ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãååšãããšãã¯
éæ°åïŒïŒïŒããæåºãããã
äœåã«éããŠãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã¯ãå§åå€æåš
ããã³æ瀺åšïŒïŒïŒã«ãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãã€ãïŒ
ïŒïŒã®å§åãã¢ãã¿ããã«ãïŒïŒïŒã調ç¯ããã
ãšã«ãã€ãŠå¶åŸ¡ãããå¿ èŠãªãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãç
空宀ïŒïŒïŒã«å ¥ãããã«ããããã®ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹
æµã¯ãæ倧ã®ç¶æ ïŒç空ãã³ãã®èœåãå åé«ã
ãã°ïŒããé¶ãŸã§é£ç¶çã«å€åãããããšãã§ã
ãããŸããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã¯ã䜿çšã§ããç空ã
ã³ãè£ çœ®ãèš±ãéã倧ããããããšãã§ãããŸã
äœæž©ãã³ãã³ã°ãæå¹ã§ããã
ããã³æ瀺åšïŒïŒïŒã«ãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãã€ãïŒ
ïŒïŒã®å§åãã¢ãã¿ããã«ãïŒïŒïŒã調ç¯ããã
ãšã«ãã€ãŠå¶åŸ¡ãããå¿ èŠãªãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãç
空宀ïŒïŒïŒã«å ¥ãããã«ããããã®ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹
æµã¯ãæ倧ã®ç¶æ ïŒç空ãã³ãã®èœåãå åé«ã
ãã°ïŒããé¶ãŸã§é£ç¶çã«å€åãããããšãã§ã
ãããŸããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã¯ã䜿çšã§ããç空ã
ã³ãè£ çœ®ãèš±ãéã倧ããããããšãã§ãããŸã
äœæž©ãã³ãã³ã°ãæå¹ã§ããã
ãã®å¯å€ãªãªãã€ã¹ã«ããäœåã¢ãŒãã®å©ç¹
ã¯ãçš®ã ã®ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãç空宀å ãžã®æµãã«
é©åã«ãããããããã«ã§ãããšããç¹ã«ããã
äŸãã°ã倧ããªãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã¯æ¯çŽ°ç®¡ã¬ã¹ã¯
ãããã°ã©ãã®åäœã«æãé©ããæµãããã倧ã
ãªæµããééãããã«ã©ã å§åã倧æ°å§ããäœäž
ããåäœãå£åããããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã®å åãª
è£å ã«ãã€ãŠãã®åé¡ã¯è§£æ±ºãããå¿ èŠããã°å§
åæ瀺åšïŒïŒïŒããã®ä¿¡å·ãããã€ãïŒïŒïŒå ã®
å§åãå¿ èŠãªå€§ããã«ç¶æããåŠããã«ãïŒïŒïŒ
ãå¶åŸ¡ããã®ã«çšããããã
ã¯ãçš®ã ã®ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãç空宀å ãžã®æµãã«
é©åã«ãããããããã«ã§ãããšããç¹ã«ããã
äŸãã°ã倧ããªãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã¯æ¯çŽ°ç®¡ã¬ã¹ã¯
ãããã°ã©ãã®åäœã«æãé©ããæµãããã倧ã
ãªæµããééãããã«ã©ã å§åã倧æ°å§ããäœäž
ããåäœãå£åããããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã®å åãª
è£å ã«ãã€ãŠãã®åé¡ã¯è§£æ±ºãããå¿ èŠããã°å§
åæ瀺åšïŒïŒïŒããã®ä¿¡å·ãããã€ãïŒïŒïŒå ã®
å§åãå¿ èŠãªå€§ããã«ç¶æããåŠããã«ãïŒïŒïŒ
ãå¶åŸ¡ããã®ã«çšããããã
äžè¿°ããæµãã®ãããã³ã°èœåã¯ãã€ãªã³çªã¢
ãŒãã®äœåïŒåœåã«èª¬æããïŒã«ãååšãããã
ã®å Žåéå°ã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµãšãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã¯é
æ°åïŒïŒïŒããæåºãããããå¯å€ãªãªãã€ã¹ã¢
ãŒãã®äœåã§ã¯ãã®æµãã®ãããã³ã°èœåã¯ä»¥äž
ã®å©ç¹ãæããã
ãŒãã®äœåïŒåœåã«èª¬æããïŒã«ãååšãããã
ã®å Žåéå°ã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµãšãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã¯é
æ°åïŒïŒïŒããæåºãããããå¯å€ãªãªãã€ã¹ã¢
ãŒãã®äœåã§ã¯ãã®æµãã®ãããã³ã°èœåã¯ä»¥äž
ã®å©ç¹ãæããã
第ïŒã«ã第ïŒïŒå³ã«ç€ºãåŠãã€ãªã³æç·ïŒïŒïŒ
ã¯é»å Žã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒã«çŽäº€ããŠããããšãæãã
ã§ãããåŸã€ãŠéå£ïŒïŒïŒãééããã€ãªã³æïŒ
ïŒïŒã®éšåã®ã¿ãå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³ä¿¡å·ãšããŠäœçšã
ããéå£ïŒïŒïŒã®å€åŽã«ããã€ãªã³ã¯éå±ã®ã€ã³
ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒã«åœã€ãŠå Žã圢æ
ãããœãŒã¹æž©åºŠãå åé«ããã°ååãšããŠçŽã¡ã«
åæŸå°ãããã第ïŒã®ã¢ãŒãããªãã¡ã€ãªã³çªã¢
ãŒãã§ã¯ããããã®ååã¯éæ°åïŒïŒïŒããæåº
ããããå¯å€ãªãªãã€ã¹ã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ããããã®å
åã¯ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµïŒïŒïŒã«ãã€ãŠåæ¹ã«ç§»éã
ããäžå€®é åã«ãããŠåã³ã€ãªã³âåååå¿ã®æ©
äŒãäžããããåå¿ã€ãªã³ãšã®æ¥è§Šã«ãã€ãŠåã€
ãªã³åããããã®ããã«ããŠåã€ãªã³åãããç
è·¡ååã¯ã€ãªã³ä¿¡å·ãšããŠå¯äžããå šã€ãªã³ä¿¡å·
ã®èšæ°ãå¢å ãããã
ã¯é»å Žã©ã€ã³ïŒïŒïŒã«çŽäº€ããŠããããšãæãã
ã§ãããåŸã€ãŠéå£ïŒïŒïŒãééããã€ãªã³æïŒ
ïŒïŒã®éšåã®ã¿ãå¿ èŠãªã€ãªã³ä¿¡å·ãšããŠäœçšã
ããéå£ïŒïŒïŒã®å€åŽã«ããã€ãªã³ã¯éå±ã®ã€ã³
ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒã«åœã€ãŠå Žã圢æ
ãããœãŒã¹æž©åºŠãå åé«ããã°ååãšããŠçŽã¡ã«
åæŸå°ãããã第ïŒã®ã¢ãŒãããªãã¡ã€ãªã³çªã¢
ãŒãã§ã¯ããããã®ååã¯éæ°åïŒïŒïŒããæåº
ããããå¯å€ãªãªãã€ã¹ã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ããããã®å
åã¯ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµïŒïŒïŒã«ãã€ãŠåæ¹ã«ç§»éã
ããäžå€®é åã«ãããŠåã³ã€ãªã³âåååå¿ã®æ©
äŒãäžããããåå¿ã€ãªã³ãšã®æ¥è§Šã«ãã€ãŠåã€
ãªã³åããããã®ããã«ããŠåã€ãªã³åãããç
è·¡ååã¯ã€ãªã³ä¿¡å·ãšããŠå¯äžããå šã€ãªã³ä¿¡å·
ã®èšæ°ãå¢å ãããã
ããã«ãã®ãã¢ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ã¢ãŒãã¯ããªãªã
ã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã®çŽåŸã§ã®ã¬ã¹ã®ãã€ãããã¯èšåŒµã«
éããŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãææãããš
ããå©ç¹ãäžãããããã«ããçè·¡ã€ãªã³ã¯ãªãª
ãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã®äžå¿è»žè¿ãã«ä¿æããã質éåæ
åšïŒïŒïŒãžã®ããªãŒã«ã¹ã容æãšãªãäžæ¹ãåšå²
ã®ã¬ã¹ã¯å¥ããé€å»ãããããšã«ãªãã
ã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã®çŽåŸã§ã®ã¬ã¹ã®ãã€ãããã¯èšåŒµã«
éããŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãææãããš
ããå©ç¹ãäžãããããã«ããçè·¡ã€ãªã³ã¯ãªãª
ãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã®äžå¿è»žè¿ãã«ä¿æããã質éåæ
åšïŒïŒïŒãžã®ããªãŒã«ã¹ã容æãšãªãäžæ¹ãåšå²
ã®ã¬ã¹ã¯å¥ããé€å»ãããããšã«ãªãã
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµã®æ®ãã©å
šéšãç空宀ïŒïŒïŒå
ã«å°ã³ãããå Žåã«ã¯ãã€ãªã³åæ段ã¯åå¿å®€ïŒ
ïŒïŒå ã«ã§ã¯ãªãç空宀ïŒïŒïŒå ã«äœçœ®ãããã
ããé»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒããã³ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã®
é»äœã«ããäžããããé»å Žã¯åãé€ãããããã®
代ãã«é»ç£çã«ã³ãªã¡ãŒããããé»åéïŒïŒïŒã®
åŠãé©åœãªæ段ã«ãã€ãŠã€ãªã³æãç空宀ïŒïŒïŒ
å ã«åœ¢æããããã®é»åéã¯ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã
ãæŸåºãããæµãã«åã€ãŠé»åæµïŒïŒïŒãæŸåº
ããé»åè¡æã«ãã€ãŠç空宀å ã«çè·¡ã€ãªã³ãçº
çãããããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã®çŽåŸã®é åå ã§ã®
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®èšåŒµãå¶éããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æ
æå¹æã«ãã€ãŠãåŸããããµã³ãã«ã€ãªã³ã¯è£ 眮
ã®äžå¿è»žã«åã€ãŠæ¥µããŠå¶éãããé åã§åœ¢æã
ããããã«ããã€ãªã³ã¯è³ªéåæåšïŒïŒïŒã«æå¹
ã«ããªãŒã«ã¹ãããããšã«ãªãã
ã«å°ã³ãããå Žåã«ã¯ãã€ãªã³åæ段ã¯åå¿å®€ïŒ
ïŒïŒå ã«ã§ã¯ãªãç空宀ïŒïŒïŒå ã«äœçœ®ãããã
ããé»æ¥µïŒïŒïŒããã³ãã¬ãŒãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã®
é»äœã«ããäžããããé»å Žã¯åãé€ãããããã®
代ãã«é»ç£çã«ã³ãªã¡ãŒããããé»åéïŒïŒïŒã®
åŠãé©åœãªæ段ã«ãã€ãŠã€ãªã³æãç空宀ïŒïŒïŒ
å ã«åœ¢æããããã®é»åéã¯ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã
ãæŸåºãããæµãã«åã€ãŠé»åæµïŒïŒïŒãæŸåº
ããé»åè¡æã«ãã€ãŠç空宀å ã«çè·¡ã€ãªã³ãçº
çãããããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒïŒã®çŽåŸã®é åå ã§ã®
ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®èšåŒµãå¶éããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æ
æå¹æã«ãã€ãŠãåŸããããµã³ãã«ã€ãªã³ã¯è£ 眮
ã®äžå¿è»žã«åã€ãŠæ¥µããŠå¶éãããé åã§åœ¢æã
ããããã«ããã€ãªã³ã¯è³ªéåæåšïŒïŒïŒã«æå¹
ã«ããªãŒã«ã¹ãããããšã«ãªãã
ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã¯ãã®çºæã®ã€ãªã³ç§»éãšãã芳
ç¹ããã¯äœæž©ãã³ãåŠçå¯èœã§ããå¿ èŠã¯ãªã
ããäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçã§ããæ¹ã奜ãŸãããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹ãäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠãéåžž
ã®åæ§ãªãã³ãé床ããã€ãç空ãã³ãè£ çœ®ãå
ããè£ çœ®ãããå°å軜éãã€å®äŸ¡ãªè£ 眮ãšããã
ãšãå¯èœãšãªãã
ç¹ããã¯äœæž©ãã³ãåŠçå¯èœã§ããå¿ èŠã¯ãªã
ããäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçã§ããæ¹ã奜ãŸãããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹ãäœæž©ãã³ãåŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠãéåžž
ã®åæ§ãªãã³ãé床ããã€ãç空ãã³ãè£ çœ®ãå
ããè£ çœ®ãããå°å軜éãã€å®äŸ¡ãªè£ 眮ãšããã
ãšãå¯èœãšãªãã
ç空宀å
ã®ãã€ã³ã®å·åŽæž©åºŠã«å¿ããŠãããã
ã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãšããŠã¯ãçªçŽ ãã¢ã«ãŽã³ãçé ž
ã¬ã¹ãé žçŽ ïŒæ£ã€ãªã³çšïŒãé©åœãªãã¬ãªã³ã¬ã¹
ãªã©ãäœæž©ãã³ãå¯èœãªã¬ã¹ãšããŠçšããããã
ãããã®ã¬ã¹ã¯å šãŠãç空宀ã®å£ãå·åŽå¯èœãªæž©
床ã«ãããŠå€§æ°å§ïŒ10-4ãã«ãããã¯ãã以äžïŒ
ããéåžžã«å°ããªèžæ°å§ãæããŠããã
ã®ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãšããŠã¯ãçªçŽ ãã¢ã«ãŽã³ãçé ž
ã¬ã¹ãé žçŽ ïŒæ£ã€ãªã³çšïŒãé©åœãªãã¬ãªã³ã¬ã¹
ãªã©ãäœæž©ãã³ãå¯èœãªã¬ã¹ãšããŠçšããããã
ãããã®ã¬ã¹ã¯å šãŠãç空宀ã®å£ãå·åŽå¯èœãªæž©
床ã«ãããŠå€§æ°å§ïŒ10-4ãã«ãããã¯ãã以äžïŒ
ããéåžžã«å°ããªèžæ°å§ãæããŠããã
ãŸããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ããèªèº«ãäœæž©ãã³ãã³ã°å¯
èœã§ãã€ãŠãããããããã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãæ°Žèžæ°ãã€
ã³ãã¿ã³ããããã³ããã³ãŒã³ãå¡©åã¡ãã¬ã³ã
ãããµã³ãã€ãœãªã¯ã¿ã³ãã®ä»ã®ååŠçãªè©Šè¬ã¬
ã¹ã§ããããšãã§ããããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã¯ãŸãçªçŽ
ãããã¯ã¢ã«ãŽã³ã®åŠãã¬ã¹ã§ããããšãã§ã
ãããã®å Žåããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãç空宀äžã«å°ã³ã
å ¥ãããããšãã§ããäœæž©ãã³ãã¯äœ¿çšå¯èœã§ã
ãã
èœã§ãã€ãŠãããããããã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãæ°Žèžæ°ãã€
ã³ãã¿ã³ããããã³ããã³ãŒã³ãå¡©åã¡ãã¬ã³ã
ãããµã³ãã€ãœãªã¯ã¿ã³ãã®ä»ã®ååŠçãªè©Šè¬ã¬
ã¹ã§ããããšãã§ããããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã¯ãŸãçªçŽ
ãããã¯ã¢ã«ãŽã³ã®åŠãã¬ã¹ã§ããããšãã§ã
ãããã®å Žåããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãç空宀äžã«å°ã³ã
å ¥ãããããšãã§ããäœæž©ãã³ãã¯äœ¿çšå¯èœã§ã
ãã
è¡š
V10ïŒïŒ1000ãïŒ3000ãã«ã
V11ïŒïŒ50ãïŒ300ãã«ã
V12ïŒïŒïŒãïŒ20ãã«ã
äžèšã®é»å§ã¯ãæ£ã®ã€ãªã³åœ¢æãšç§»éã®ããã§
ãããé»å§ã®ç¬Šå·ã¯è² ã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯å転ãã
ãã
ãããé»å§ã®ç¬Šå·ã¯è² ã€ãªã³ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯å転ãã
ãã
第ïŒå³ã¯ããã®çºæã®ç¬¬ïŒã®å®æœäŸã®èª¬æå³ã
第ïŒïŒ¡å³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®è£ 眮ã®ã€ãªã³åœ¢æé åã®ã°
ã©ãã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®ïŒâïŒç·ã«æ²¿ã€ãŠã¿ã
æé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®ïŒâïŒç·ã«æ²¿ã€ãŠã¿
ãæé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®äœæž©ãã³ãã®æé¢
å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ãæµäœã®æµããé»å Žããã³ã€ãªã³é
è·¯ã瀺ãã°ã©ãã第ïŒå³ã¯ããã®çºæã®ä»ã®å®æœ
äŸã®æé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ãç空宀ã®äžå€åœ¢äŸã®æé¢
å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®ïŒâïŒç·ã«ã€ããŠã¿ãæ
é¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ããã®çºæã®ä»ã®å®æœäŸã®æé¢
å³ã第ïŒïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã®å¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã
ã®ãããã¯ãã€ã¢ã°ã©ã ãããã³ã第ïŒïŒå³ã¯ã
第ïŒå³ãšåæ§ã§ãããä»ã®äœåã¢ãŒãã瀺ãæé¢
å³ã ïŒâŠâŠåå¿éšãïŒâŠâŠã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³éšãïŒâŠâŠ
ç空éšãïŒâŠâŠã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒããïŒïŒ
âŠâŠãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒããïŒïŒâŠâŠéå£ãïŒïŒâŠ
âŠãªãªãã€ã¹ãïŒïŒâŠâŠé»æ¥µã
第ïŒïŒ¡å³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®è£ 眮ã®ã€ãªã³åœ¢æé åã®ã°
ã©ãã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®ïŒâïŒç·ã«æ²¿ã€ãŠã¿ã
æé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®ïŒâïŒç·ã«æ²¿ã€ãŠã¿
ãæé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®äœæž©ãã³ãã®æé¢
å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ãæµäœã®æµããé»å Žããã³ã€ãªã³é
è·¯ã瀺ãã°ã©ãã第ïŒå³ã¯ããã®çºæã®ä»ã®å®æœ
äŸã®æé¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ãç空宀ã®äžå€åœ¢äŸã®æé¢
å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®ïŒâïŒç·ã«ã€ããŠã¿ãæ
é¢å³ã第ïŒå³ã¯ããã®çºæã®ä»ã®å®æœäŸã®æé¢
å³ã第ïŒïŒå³ã¯ã第ïŒå³ã®å®æœäŸã®å¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã
ã®ãããã¯ãã€ã¢ã°ã©ã ãããã³ã第ïŒïŒå³ã¯ã
第ïŒå³ãšåæ§ã§ãããä»ã®äœåã¢ãŒãã瀺ãæé¢
å³ã ïŒâŠâŠåå¿éšãïŒâŠâŠã¬ã¹ã«ãŒãã³éšãïŒâŠâŠ
ç空éšãïŒâŠâŠã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬ãŒããïŒïŒ
âŠâŠãªãªãã€ã¹ãã¬ãŒããïŒïŒâŠâŠéå£ãïŒïŒâŠ
âŠãªãªãã€ã¹ãïŒïŒâŠâŠé»æ¥µã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ çè·¡æåãç空宀ïŒå ã§åæããæ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠã (a) ç空宀ïŒã第ïŒã®é å(4)ããã³ç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)
ããã®é ã«é£æ¥ãããŠé ããç空宀ïŒãšç¬¬ïŒã®
é å(4)ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãæãããªãªãã€ã¹ã
ã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã§ä»åãã第ïŒã®é åïŒãšç¬¬ïŒã®é
å(2)ãéå£ïŒïŒãæããã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬
ãŒãïŒã§ä»åãã (b) çè·¡æåã«å¯ŸããŠäœãåå¿æ§ãæããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹ãåèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«å°ãã (c) åèšãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠåèšã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹ã®å°ãªããšãäžéšåãåèšç空宀ïŒå ãžå ¥ã
ããšãå¯èœãšãªãã (d) åèšç空宀ïŒå ã®ç空ãç¶æããŠåèšãªãªã
ã€ã¹ïŒïŒã®è»žãäžå¿ãšããŠç空宀ïŒå ã§ã®ã«ãŒ
ãã³ã¬ã¹ã®èšåŒµãè¡ãªãããã (e) åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)ã«å¯ŸããŠåæãã¹ãçè·¡æ
åãå«ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãäŸçµŠãã (f) åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«æµå ¥ãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã
å¶éããããã«åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é åïŒã«åããã«ãŒ
ãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµããå¶åŸ¡ãã (g) åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)ã«ãããŠçè·¡æåã®å°ãªã
ãšãäžéšãã€ãªã³åããŠçè·¡ã€ãªã³ã圢æãã (h) åèšç¬¬ïŒããã³ç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã(2)ã«é»å Žã圢
æããçè·¡ã€ãªã³ãåèšéå£ïŒïŒãä»ããŠåèš
第ïŒã®é å(2)ãã第ïŒã®é å(4)ãžãããã«åèš
ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠåèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)ãã
åèšç空宀ïŒãžãšåžåããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã該ç
空宀ïŒãžå ¥ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®éãå¶éãããšå ±
ã«é»å Žã®äœçšäžã«ã€ãªã³ã®ééããã€ãªã³çªãš
ããŠãæ©èœããããã«ãªãã (i) åèšã€ãªã³ããèšåŒµããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããé¢
ããéè·¯ã«æ²¿ã€ãŠåèšç空宀ïŒå ã«äœçœ®ããå
æè£ çœ®ïŒïŒã«å°ããŠã (j) ãã®åæè£ çœ®ïŒïŒã«ããåèšã€ãªã³ãåæã
ãããã«ããæ¹æ³ã ïŒ åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«å°ãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®
æµéããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã該第ïŒã®é å(4)ã«æµå ¥ãã
ããšãé»æ¢ããã®ã«å åãªå€§ããã«ç¶æããéçš
ãå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«å°ãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®
æµããå¶åŸ¡ãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®å¶éãããæµãã
第ïŒã®é åïŒãšãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠç空宀ïŒ
å ãžæµå ¥ããéçšãå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«
èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµããå¶åŸ¡ããŠãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹
ã®ç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«ãããå§åãæå®ã®å€§ããã«ç¶
æããéçšãå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®
æ¹æ³ã ïŒ åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹åœ¢æè£ çœ®ã®
åºå£ã«æ¥ç¶ããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµããå¶åŸ¡ããŠå
èšè£ 眮ã®å§åã倧æ°å§ä»¥äžã«äœäžããããšãé»æ¢
ããéçšãå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹
æ³ã ïŒ ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æ¹åãšæµéãå¶åŸ¡ããŠç¬¬ïŒã®
é å(4)ãæµãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã
å å²ããã€å¶éããããã«ããéçšãå«ãç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æ¹åãšæµéãå¶åŸ¡ããŠãªãªã
ã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠæµãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹ã«ããåãå²ã¿ãç空宀ïŒå ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹
ïŒïŒçŽåŸã§ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ã®èšåŒµãå¶éããéçšã
å«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ éããã容ç©ã®ãœãŒã¹ãããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãäŸ
絊ããŠãã®éãå¶éããããã«ãªããæå®ã®æé
å°ãªããšããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹æµãå¶åŸ¡ããŠç¬¬ïŒã®é å
(2)ã«ãããçè·¡ã¬ã¹ååãä¿æãã€ãªã³åããã
çè·¡ã¬ã¹ååã®æ°ãå¢å ãããããã«ããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ æå®ã®æéã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµãã倧ããå¢å
ãããŠç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)ãã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã§å æºããã
ããã«ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ æå®ã®æž©åºŠã«ãããŠåºçžã«ååºãããšã倧
æ°å§ãã倧ããäžåãèžæ°å§ãæããã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹ãåèšã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ãšããŠéžæããåèšæå®ã®
枩床以äžã«ç空宀ïŒå ã®å é¢ã®å°ãªããšãäžéšã
å·åŽããŠåèšå é¢ã®åèšäžéšã«ãããŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹ãååºããããã«ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«
èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ çè·¡æåãç空宀ïŒå ã§åæããæ¹æ³ã«ã
ããŠã (a) ç空宀ïŒã第ïŒã®é å(4)ããã³ç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)
ããã®é ã«é£æ¥ãããŠé ããç空宀ïŒãšç¬¬ïŒã®
é å(4)ããªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãæãããªãªãã€ã¹ã
ã¬ãŒãïŒïŒã§ä»åãã第ïŒã®é å(4)ãšç¬¬ïŒã®é
å(2)ãéå£ïŒïŒãæããã€ã³ã¿ãŒããšãŒã¹ãã¬
ãŒãïŒã§ä»åãã (b) çè·¡æåã«å¯ŸããŠäœãåå¿æ§ãæããã«ãŒã
ã³ã¬ã¹ãåèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«å°ãã (c) åèšãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»ããŠåèšã«ãŒãã³ã¬
ã¹ã®å°ãªããšãäžéšåãåèšç空宀ïŒå ãžå ¥ã
ããšãå¯èœãšãªãã (d) åèšç空宀ïŒå ã®ç空ãç¶æããŠåèšãªãªã
ã€ã¹ïŒïŒã®è»žãäžå¿ãšããŠç空宀ïŒå ã§ã®ã«ãŒ
ãã³ã¬ã¹ã®èšåŒµãè¡ãªãããã (e) åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(2)ã«å¯ŸããŠåæãã¹ãçè·¡æ
åãå«ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹ãäŸçµŠãã (f) åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«å¯Ÿããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã®æµ
ããå¶åŸ¡ããŠç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ãžå ¥ããµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹
æµã®å¶éãããæµããåèšãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãä»
ããŠåèšç空宀ïŒå ãžæµããããã«ãªãã (g) åèšç¬¬ïŒã®é å(4)ã«ãããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹æµã®
æ¹åãå¶åŸ¡ããŠã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ã«ããåèšç¬¬ïŒã®
é å(4)ããã³ãªãªãã€ã¹ïŒïŒãæµãããµã³ãã«
ã¬ã¹ãåãå²ãã§ãã®çŽåŸãå¶éãã (h) ãµã³ãã«ã¬ã¹äžã®çè·¡æåã®å°ãªããšãäžéš
ãã€ãªã³åãã (i) åèšã€ãªã³ãèšåŒµããã«ãŒãã³ã¬ã¹ããé¢ã
ãéè·¯ã«æ²¿ã€ãŠåèšç空宀ïŒå ã«äœçœ®ããåæ
è£ çœ®ã«å°ããŠã (j) ãã®åæè£ çœ®ã«ããåèšã€ãªã³ãåæããã
ãã«ããæ¹æ³ã
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59099667A JPS59230244A (ja) | 1984-05-17 | 1984-05-17 | çè·¡æåãç空宀å ã§åæããæ¹æ³ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59099667A JPS59230244A (ja) | 1984-05-17 | 1984-05-17 | çè·¡æåãç空宀å ã§åæããæ¹æ³ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS59230244A JPS59230244A (ja) | 1984-12-24 |
JPH0329126B2 true JPH0329126B2 (ja) | 1991-04-23 |
Family
ID=14253382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59099667A Granted JPS59230244A (ja) | 1984-05-17 | 1984-05-17 | çè·¡æåãç空宀å ã§åæããæ¹æ³ |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS59230244A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE60044892D1 (de) | 1999-09-20 | 2010-10-14 | Hitachi Ltd | Ionenquelle, Massenspektrometer, Massenspektrometrie und Ãberwachungssystem |
GB0703578D0 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2007-04-04 | Micromass Ltd | Mass spectrometer |
-
1984
- 1984-05-17 JP JP59099667A patent/JPS59230244A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS59230244A (ja) | 1984-12-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4091655A (en) | Method and apparatus for analyzing trace components using a cryopumpable reagent gas | |
US4531056A (en) | Method and apparatus for the mass spectrometric analysis of solutions | |
US9449803B2 (en) | Mass spectrometer interface | |
US4209696A (en) | Methods and apparatus for mass spectrometric analysis of constituents in liquids | |
US5756994A (en) | Electrospray and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometer and ion source | |
US5663561A (en) | Method for the ionization of heavy molecules at atmospheric pressure | |
US7700913B2 (en) | Sampling system for use with surface ionization spectroscopy | |
US7247495B2 (en) | Mass spectrometer method and apparatus for analyzing a sample in a solution | |
US5744798A (en) | Mass spectrometry and mass spectrometer | |
US8525109B2 (en) | Sampling system for use with surface ionization spectroscopy | |
JP6046740B2 (ja) | 質éåå èšã®ç空ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹æ¹æ³ããã³ç空ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹è£ 眮 | |
JP4657451B2 (ja) | é»æ°ã¹ãã¬ãŒè³ªéåæã®ããã®æžŠç¶ã¬ã¹æµã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ | |
US7081620B2 (en) | Atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer system | |
JPH0329126B2 (ja) | ||
US20100163719A1 (en) | Converging-diverging supersonic shock disruptor for fluid nebulization and drop fragmentation | |
JPS638415B2 (ja) | ||
GB1582869A (en) | Gas curtain device and method for transfering matter between a gas and a vacuum | |
US11594407B2 (en) | Sample introduction system for mass spectrometry | |
JPH06102246A (ja) | 質éåæèš | |
CA1082579A (en) | Method and apparatus for analyzing trace components using a cryopumpable reagent gas | |
JP2925395B2 (ja) | é»æ°æ³³åâ質éåæè£ çœ® | |
CA3136871A1 (en) | A sample introduction system for mass spectrometry | |
JPS62163250A (ja) | 質éåæè£ çœ®çšã€ãªã³æº | |
JP3978184B2 (ja) | 倧æ°å§ã€ãªã³å質éåæè£ çœ® | |
JPH10255715A (ja) | 質éåæèšåã³ã€ãªã³æº |