JPH03287920A - Foundation-forming formwork for housing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the operation time period as well as simplify operations by a method in which the whole frame of foundation is covered with a foundation-forming formwork, concrete slurry is placed into the cavity of the formwork and hardened, and the formwork is left behind. CONSTITUTION:Leveling concrete 55 is placed on the excavated bottom of constructing site, and the frame 3 of foundation 2 is assembled on the concrete 55. The whole of the frame 3 is surrounded by formworks 46 and 47 and concrete slurry is placed into the space S of the formworks 46 and 47 through the side of an under beam 9 after constructing operations for a building 4 on the frame 3 of the foundation 2 start. In this case, the curing of the concrete slurry in the space S and the constructing operation of the building 4 are proceeded concurrently. At the time when the constructing operation for the building 4 is ended, the concrete slurry hardens to make up the foundation 2. The formworks 46 and 47 are used as the surface materials of the foundation 2 as such to raise the appearance of the foundation 2.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a formwork for forming the foundation of a house, and can be used for unit houses and houses using conventional construction methods including steel frames. It is.

[Background technology]

The conventional method of constructing foundations for housing is to assemble multiple foundation molding forms into a predetermined shape using formwork attachment members at the construction site, then pour concrete slurry inside the formwork, and allow the slurry to solidify. Afterwards, the formwork was removed and the foundation was completed.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

For this reason, conventionally, in addition to assembling the formwork at the construction site, it was necessary to remove the formwork after the foundation was completed, which required a lot of work on the construction site.
Working hours were also getting longer.

In order to reduce housing costs, there is a need to simplify construction site work and shorten the work period.

In particular, unit housing, which is built by combining multiple housing units pre-produced in factories at the construction site, is constructed by increasing the factoryization rate and lowering the proportion of construction site work. The main purpose is to shorten on-site work time.
The above-mentioned conventional techniques have not necessarily been able to fully achieve this main objective.

In addition, the above-mentioned prior art requires a formwork mounting member for connecting and assembling a plurality of basic molding forms to each other, and therefore requires a correspondingly large number of members.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a formwork for forming the foundation of a house, which eliminates the need to remove the formwork after the foundation is completed, thereby simplifying construction site work and shortening the work time. be.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a formwork for forming the foundation of a house, which eliminates the need for formwork attachment members and can reduce the number of necessary members accordingly.

[Means to solve the problem]

The formwork for forming the foundation of a house according to the present invention is characterized in that it forms a slurry casting space inside into which concrete slurry is cast, and that it remains as it is after the concrete slurry solidifies.

Moreover, the formwork for forming a foundation according to the present invention is characterized in that it is attached to a framework for a foundation arranged in the slurry pouring space.

[Effect]

Since the formwork remains as it is after the concrete slurry solidifies, there is no need to remove the formwork, and the formwork can be used as it is as a surface material for the foundation. For this reason, the formwork may be colored or have a pattern displayed on it.

Further, since the formwork is attached to the foundation frame, each formwork can be assembled without using formwork attachment members for connecting the formworks to each other.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic diagram of a house 1 to which this embodiment is applied, and in this figure, only the foundation frame 3 of the foundation 2 of the house 1 is shown. The house l according to this embodiment is a unit house formed of a building 4 built on a foundation 2 or a plurality of housing units 5, and FIG. 14 shows a frame 6 of this housing unit 5. The frame 6 is constructed by connecting the upper and lower ends of four pillars 7 at the four corners with four upper beams 8 and four lower beams 9, respectively, and wall materials, flooring, etc. are attached to the frame 6 at the factory. By assembling multiple housing units 5 pre-produced at a factory in this manner front to back, left to right, and up and down as shown in Figure 15 at the construction site, the building 4 above the foundation 2 of the unit house 1 is built using the unit construction method. It is built in

In FIG. 1, the framework 3 for the foundation 2 includes a straight member 10
and four types of support members 11 to 14, first to fourth. Linear member 0 is frame 6 of housing unit 5
The first support member 11 is arranged below the lower beam 9 of the frame 6 of the housing unit 5, where a plurality of columns 7 are not gathered together, that is, in this embodiment, one column. The second pillar member 12 and the third pillar member 13 are placed under the corner part of the building 4 where there are only 7 pillars 7, and the second pillar member 12 and the third pillar member 13 are located under the part where the two pillars 7 are gathered together, that is, the two houses. The fourth support member I4 is arranged below the part where the four pillars 7 are gathered together, that is, the four housing units 5 are arranged in the front, back, left and right. It is placed below the part adjacent to .

FIG. 2 shows a straight member IO. In the straight member 1o, the upper and lower horizontal members 15 and 16 are connected members I7 made by bending bars into a wave shape.
It is connected by . A plurality of leg members 18 extending perpendicularly to the horizontal member 15.16 are coupled to the lower horizontal member 16, and a downward level adjustment bolt 19 and an upward plate-shaped hook 2o are attached to both ends of these leg members 18. A hook 20 is provided for locking the formwork for the foundation. A plurality of brackets 21 extending in the same direction as the leg members 18 are coupled to the upper horizontal member 15, and these brackets 1
Formwork connecting bolts 22 are provided horizontally at both ends of 2. Further, the upper horizontal member 15 is provided with a plurality of housing unit connecting bolts 23 projecting upward.

FIG. 3 shows the first support member 11. As shown in FIG. This pillar member 11 has two upper and lower arm members 25.
26 are connected at right angles. The lower arm member 26 is provided with the level adjustment bolt 19 and the leg member 18 with the hook 20, and the upper arm member 25 is provided with the bracket 21 with the formwork connecting bolt 22. At the top of the pillar 24, one housing unit connecting bolt 23 is provided to protrude upward.

FIG. 4 shows the second support member 12. As shown in FIG. This support member 12 has upper and lower arm members 28.
The lower arm member 29 has the level adjustment bolt 19 and the hook 20.
The upper arm member 28 is provided with the bracket 1-2 with the formwork connecting bolt 22.
1 is provided. Further, the two housing unit connecting bolts 23 are provided on the upper arm member 28 to protrude upward on both sides of the pillar 27.

FIG. 5 shows the third support member 13. As shown in FIG. This pillar member 13 has long and short upper arm members 31, 32) at the upper and lower ends of the pillar 30.
Lower arm members 33 and 34 are provided, and the central part of the upper arm member 31 and lower arm member 33 of the long dimension l is the pillar 3.
The short upper arm member 32) and the lower arm member 34 are connected to the upper and lower ends of the column 30 at right angles to the arm members 31 and 33. The lower arm members 33 and 34 are provided with the level adjustment poles 1-19 and the leg members 18 with the hooks 20, and the upper arm members 31 and 32 are provided with the brackets 21 with the formwork connecting bolts 22. Further, the two housing unit connecting bolts 23 are provided on the upper arm member 31 to protrude upward on both sides of the pillar 30.

FIG. 6 shows the fourth support member 14. FIG. This pillar member 14 has upper and lower arm members 36.
The lower arm member 37 includes the level adjustment bolt 19 and the hook 20.
The upper arm member 36 is provided with a bracket 21 with the formwork connecting bolt 22.
Or is provided. Further, a reinforcing part 40 made of ribs 38 and a plate 39 is provided at the center of the upper arm member 36, and the four housing unit connecting bolts 23 are attached to this reinforcing part 40.
is projected upward.

The upper and lower horizontal members 15°16 of the straight member 10 explained above,
Upper and lower arms of the first to fourth support members 11-14, material 25.
26.28.29.31 to 34.36.37 is the second
The bolts 41 and nuts 42 shown in the figure are connected via a plate-shaped connecting member 43 that is tightened, and for this reason, the connecting member 43 is provided with a hole 44 through which the bolt 41 is inserted. , the ends of the upper and lower horizontal members 15 and 16;
Upper and lower arm material 25, 26.28, 29.31~34°3
A hole 45 for inserting the bolt 41 is also provided at the end of the bolt 6.37.

7 to 9 show a mold for forming the foundation 2. FIG.

The formworks 46 and 47 shown in FIG. 7 are on both sides of the straight member IO,
These formworks 46.
47 is a straight plane.

These formworks 46 and 47 are used for linear members IO and support members 12.
．． It is formed in various length dimensions corresponding to the length of 14. The formworks 48 and 49 shown in FIG. 8 are arranged on both sides of the first support member 11, so that the formwork 48 has a large flat cross-shaped shape, and the formwork 49 has a small flat cross-shaped shape. It becomes.

The formworks 50 to 52 shown in FIG.
゜52 is a small flat square shape. In addition, the above formwork 4
Among 6 to 52, formworks 46 and 47, and formworks 49 and 5
1 and 52 can be shared.

A long hole 53 into which the hook 20 can be inserted is formed in the lower part of the formworks 46 to 52, and a nut 54 into which the formwork connecting bolt 22 can be screwed is provided on the inner surface of each upper part. . All the formworks 46 to 52 extend from top to bottom, including the linear member 10 and the first to fourth support members 11-'
It has an arcuate cross section that extends in a direction away from 14, that is, outward in the width direction of foundation 2 while curving smoothly.

Further, these formworks 46 to 52 are made of, for example, stainless steel plates, plastic plates containing glass fibers, concrete plates containing glass fibers, etc., and their surfaces may be colored or displayed with patterns.

Next, the method of constructing the foundation 2 will be explained.

As shown in Fig. 1O, a sacrificial concrete 55 is provided at the bottom of the construction site, and the first to fourth support members 11 to 14 are placed at each predetermined position on this foundation concrete 55 as shown in Fig. 1. The support members 11 to 14 are made exactly vertical by rotating a level adjustment bolt 19, and their heights are made equal. Next, a straight member 10 is placed between each of the support members 11 to 14, and the height of the straight member 10 is adjusted to the support member 11-1 by rotating the level adjustment bolt 19.
4, these support members 11 to 14 and the linear member 10 are connected by the connecting member 43.

As a result, the strut members 11 to 14 are connected via the straight member 10, and the framework 3 of the foundation 2 is assembled by the straight member IO and the strut members 11 to 14.

After this, both sides of the straight member 10 and the support members ll to 14
Formworks 46 to 52 are arranged on both sides of the foundation 2, and the entire frame 3 of the foundation 2 is surrounded by the formwork. The arrangement of the formworks 46 to 52 is as shown in the 10th form shown for the formworks 46 and 47 on both sides of the linear member 10.
As shown in the figure, long holes 53 provided at the bottom of formworks 46 to 52
This is done by inserting the hooks 20 provided on the linear member IO and the support members 11 to 14, and by rotating the formwork connecting bolts 22 provided in the linear member 10 and the support members 11 to 14. It is screwed into the nut 54 provided in the formworks 46-52.

As a result, the forms 46 to 52 are attached to the framework 3 of the foundation 2 by the locking action of the hooks 20 and the connecting action of the bolts 22, and the framework 3 also serves as a formwork attachment member.

By arranging the formworks 46 to 52 outside the frame 3 as described above, a slurry pouring space S for pouring concrete slurry is formed inside the formworks 46 to 52. . As shown in FIG. 1O, this space S has a shape that widens continuously from the upper part to the lower part based on the above-mentioned curved shape of the formworks 46 to 52.

After the above-mentioned work, the work of backfilling with the soil 56 produced by the root cutting work at the construction site is performed, and this backfilling is performed to at least a height exceeding the hook 20.

Next, construction work for building the building 4 on the framework 3 of the foundation 2 begins. Specifically, the housing unit 5 forming the first floor of the housing units 5 is placed on the frame 3 of the foundation 2 by a crane, and the frame 3 of the foundation 2 and the frame 6 of the housing unit 5 are connected. , the mutual frames 6 of the one-story residential units 5 are connected to each other. The work of connecting the frame 3 of the foundation 2 and the frame 6 of the housing unit 5 is performed by connecting the straight member 10 and the support member 6, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, which show the straight member IO and the first support member 11. This is done using the housing unit connection bolts 23 provided at 11-14.

That is, bolts 23 are inserted into holes provided in the lower beam 9 and the bottom plate 7A of the pillar 7 that constitute the frame 6 of the housing unit 5, and the level adjustment nuts 57 are screwed into these bolts 23. Lower the housing unit 5 until the lower beam 9 and the bottom plate 7A come into contact with each other. After adjusting the height of the housing unit 5 to a predetermined height by rotating the nut 57, screw the lock nut 58 onto the bolt 23 to lower the foundation 2. The frame 3 and the frame 6 of the housing unit 5 are connected. In addition, the 11th
As shown in the figure, the pillar 7 is provided with an opening 59 for tightening the lock nut 58.

After the construction work of the building 4 has started in this way, the work of pouring concrete slurry into the slurry pouring space S starts. This slurry pouring work is performed from the upper opening of the space S, and the concrete slurry is poured from the side of the lower beam 9. In order to easily pour concrete slurry into the space S, a slurry injection hole may be provided in the floor of the negative floor housing unit 5.

In addition, after pouring concrete slurry in space S,
Place the first floor housing unit 5 on the framework 3 of the foundation 2,
As described above, the frame 3 of the foundation 2 and the frame 6 of the housing unit 5 may be connected. That is, the construction work of the building 4 may be started after the slurry pouring work.

Since the concrete slurry cast in the space S has a shape that widens from the top to the bottom, it smoothly flows down the space S and reliably fills the entire formwork. In addition, as shown in Figure 1, the foundation 2 of the unit house 1 has a simple shape with a straight middle street 60 and a horizontal grid pattern, so the concrete slurry is Even if the pouring work in S is performed from a few places, the concrete slurry can be reliably spread throughout the space S.

In this embodiment, even after the concrete slurry is poured into the space S as described above, the construction work of building the building 4 on the foundation 2 continues. This construction work includes, for example, work of mounting and joining the second-story housing unit 5 on top of the negative-story housing unit 5, and finishing work inside each housing unit 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, the curing of the concrete slurry in the space S and the construction work of the building 4 are carried out simultaneously, and the weight of the frame 3 of the foundation 2 or the building 4 is carried out until the concrete slurry solidifies. By the time the construction work for building 4 is completed, the concrete slurry will solidify and foundation 2 will be completed.

Figure 12 shows the concrete slurry after it has solidified.
Even if the concrete slurry solidifies, the formworks 46 to 52
is left as is. That is, in this embodiment, the formwork 4
6 to 52 are used as they are as surface materials for the foundation 2, and are useful for improving the appearance of the foundation 2. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, the foundation 2 created by solidifying the concrete slurry has a cross section in the width direction that continuously expands from the top to the bottom. It has a large base area that can reliably support the weight of the building 4 built on it. Also, the framework 3 of the foundation 2 and the housing unit 5
The frame 6, that is, the frame of a building 4 built on the foundation 2, is firmly connected to the housing unit connecting bolt 23, which is a connecting fitting.

As explained above, according to this embodiment, the formworks 46 to 52 forming the slurry pouring space S into which the concrete slurry is poured are left as they are even after the concrete slurry solidifies, and are left on the surface of the foundation 2. Since it is used as a lumber, there is no need to remove the forms 46 to 52 after the foundation 2 is completed, which reduces the amount of work required at the construction site and facilitates the work. Furthermore, the formwork 46
~52 are attached to the frame 3 of the foundation 2, and the frame 3 also serves as an attachment member for the formworks 46 to 52, so the formwork 46
There is no need to prepare a special formwork attachment member for making 52 self-supporting, etc., and the number of necessary members can be reduced accordingly.

In addition, it is necessary to simultaneously cure the concrete slurry poured in the space S and carry out the construction work to build the building 4 on the foundation 2, and wait until the foundation 2 is completed before starting the construction work on the building 4. Since there is no construction site, the construction site work period can be shortened by the construction period of foundation 2 compared to the conventional method. This effect is particularly noticeable in the case of unit housing, where the main purpose is to shorten the construction site work period after much work has been completed at the factory.

In addition, the cross section of the completed foundation 2 in the width direction continuously widens from the top to the bottom, and the widening foundation 2 with such a large base area can be created by simply pouring concrete slurry in the space S once. As with conventional foundations, which consist of a wide footing with a large base area and a raised part above the footing, first a concrete slurry for forming the footing is poured.
There is no need to carry out the two-step work process of pouring concrete slurry for forming the standing part on top of solidified slurry, which simplifies the foundation construction work.

Furthermore, the framework 3 within the foundation 2 and the framework of the building 4 built on the foundation 2 are directly connected via the housing unit connection bolts 23, which are connecting fittings, so the foundation 2 and the building The strength of the connection with 4 becomes extremely large, and the strength of the connection with
For example, even if the house is built in a typhoon-passing area, the large load acting on the house 1 can be reliably transmitted to the foundation 2 and received by the foundation 2.

Note that the widening foundation may have both sides in the width direction extending outward in the width direction from the top to the bottom as shown in FIG. 12, but it can also have other shapes such as It may also be a base 2' that widens toward the end in FIG. 13.

This foundation 2' has one side or vertical surface facing the outside of the house, and the other side or curved surface. Alternatively, the cross section of the foundation in the width direction may be a trapezoid, and the side surfaces may be linear surfaces.

Further, the present invention is not limited to unit houses, but can also be applied to houses built using conventional construction methods, and this house also includes houses with steel frames.

Furthermore, the present invention is applicable not only to the case where construction work of a building above the foundation is started during the foundation construction work as in the above embodiment, but also to
Similar to the conventional method, this method can also be applied when construction work on a building is started after the foundation is completed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the formwork for forming the foundation remains as it is even after the foundation is completed and is used as the surface material of the foundation, so there is no need to remove the formwork, which simplifies work at the construction site. , it can also shorten construction site work time.

Further, the formwork is attached to the foundation framework, and there is no need for formwork attachment members for connecting and assembling the respective formworks, so the number of required members is reduced, and costs can be reduced accordingly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the house showing the framework of the foundation, Figure 2
The figure is a perspective view showing the linear members that make up the foundation framework, Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 are perspective views showing the strut members that make up the foundation framework, and Figures 7 and 8. 9 is a perspective view showing the formwork for forming the foundation, FIGS. 10 and 11 are views showing the connection between the foundation frame and the building frame, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the completed foundation. FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a foundation according to another embodiment, FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the framework of a housing unit that is a component of a unit house, and FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the entire unit house. 1...unit housing, 2,2'...foundation, 3...
Frame, 4... Building, 5... Housing unit, 6...
- Frame, 10... Straight member, 11-14... Support member, 19... Level adjustment bolt, 20... Hook, 22... Formwork connecting bolt, 23... Connecting metal fittings Housing unit connection bolt, 46-52...Formwork, S
...Slurry pouring space.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A formwork for forming the foundation of a house, characterized in that it forms a slurry pouring space therein, into which concrete slurry is poured, and is left as it is after the concrete slurry solidifies. (2) The formwork for forming a foundation of a house according to claim 1, wherein the formwork is attached to a foundation frame arranged in the slurry pouring space.