JPH0326751B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of constructing a basement.

Basements have traditionally been constructed using cast-in-place concrete. Cast-in-place concrete requires special techniques, and since concrete is cast in one piece, it is produced in one piece, which inevitably increases the cost of building a basement. Therefore, in order to reduce costs, an attempt was made to construct a basement by simply prefabricating a container-like structure that would become a basement through industrial production and installing it at the installation site. .

In such an attempt, it is necessary to fix the container-like structure. That is, if the container-like structure is simply installed underground, the container-like structure will float up due to groundwater and the basement will be destroyed, so it is necessary to take measures to prevent it from floating up. Conventionally, for this purpose, a foundation was made by pouring concrete into the bottom of a dug hole, a container-like structure was placed on the foundation, and the bottom or side wall of the container-like structure was placed on the outside of the container. It was fixed. This is described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 130923/1983.

As mentioned above, the choice of the outer part of the container as the part to which the container-like structure should be fixed to the foundation is important from the perspective of the fixing work and the need to prevent groundwater from entering. However, it is extremely reasonable. That is, fixing the bottom or side wall of the container to the foundation from inside the container is not only a cumbersome operation, but also poses a risk of water leakage, and is therefore considered to be an extremely foolish measure. That is why fixation exclusively on the outside of the container has been proposed. However, when the basement becomes large, it has surprisingly been found that simply fixing the container at the outside edge causes the center of the bottom of the container-like structure to float away from the foundation. This invention was made based on such knowledge.

This invention involves digging a hole in the ground, pouring concrete at the bottom of the hole to create a foundation, placing a container-like structure having a bottom and side walls in the hole, placing the container bottom on the foundation, and placing the container bottom on the foundation. This method is the same as the previously proposed method in that it is fixed with anchor bolts based on the base, but the method of fixing is different. In other words, we decided to fix the container from inside the container by drilling a small hole in the bottom of the container, passing the anchor bolt on the foundation through the small hole, facing the bottom of the container, and fixing it from inside the container. The bottom is fixed to an anchor bolt, and the small hole is then sealed airtight. In addition, this invention is not limited to burying anchor bolts in the foundation, but also allows for the use of a wide range of general anchoring tools, including burying nuts in the foundation and inserting the bolts from inside the container to secure them. There is.

This invention involves digging a hole in the ground, pouring concrete into the bottom of the hole to create a foundation, burying a locking tool inside the foundation and leaving a part exposed, and having a bottom and side walls. Put the container into the hole, place the bottom of the container on the foundation, fix the bottom to the exposed part of the locking device through a small hole drilled in the bottom of the container from inside the container, seal the small hole airtight, and place the bottom on the foundation. This relates to a method of constructing a basement, which is characterized by being fixed.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 1 to 4 are partially cutaway perspective views of a basement constructed by the method of the present invention. 5 to 16 are partially cutaway vertical sectional views of the bottom and foundation of a basement constructed by the method of the present invention. 17 to 19 are partially cutaway perspective views of the bottom and foundation of a basement constructed by the method of the present invention.

In Figure 1, 1 is the ground, 2 is a hole, 3 is a chestnut stone, 4 is a concrete foundation 51 to 54 are anchors, 8 is a container bottom, 9 is a side wall, 10 is a ceiling, 11
12 is the entrance and exit, and 12 is the floor of the above-ground building. In addition, 5
5 and 56 are anchor bolts that are not necessarily required in this invention.

The basement shown in Figure 1 was constructed as follows. Dig a hole 2 in the ground 1, line up chestnut stones 3 at the bottom of the hole 2, pour concrete on top of the chestnut stones 3, and create a foundation 4.
make. At this time, the locking tools 51 to 54 are buried on the foundation 4, and a portion of the locking tools 51 to 54 are exposed. A container with a floor 8 and side walls 9 is placed in the hole 2 and the bottom 8 is placed on the foundation 4. Small holes are bored in the bottom 8 at positions where the locking tools 51 to 54 are present. Since the fasteners 51, 52 and 54 are bolts, the exposed parts of the bolts are inserted through the small holes, and the fasteners 53 are long nuts, so the bolts are inserted from inside the container. The bottom is secured to the latches. After that, a filler is airtightly filled around the bolt in the small hole, sealing the gap,
A bottom 8 is fixed to the foundation 4.

It is desirable that the foundation 4 be made integrally with a width large enough to support the entire surface of the bottom 8. Further, it is desirable that the thickness of the foundation 4 is increased to be one-tenth or more of the height of the underground portion of the side wall 9. The foundation 4 may be reinforced by inserting reinforcing bars therein, or its upper surface may be coated with small-grained sand, tar, resin, etc. to make the surface smooth, and the foundation 4 may be attached to the bottom 8.

In Figure 1, the anchor bolt 5 is placed on the outside of the container.
5 and 56 are buried, and these anchor bolts fix the lower end of the side wall to the foundation 4 on the outside of the container. However, anchor bolts 55 and 56 are not the locking devices required in this invention, as described above. Moreover, soil is backfilled between the side wall 9 and the hole 2.

Further, the basement shown in FIG. 1 is constructed by connecting an upper half and a lower half, forming a joint 95 there. Insert the packing 94 at the seam 95, and then
If there is a gap, it is preferable to fill it with resin and integrate it airtightly.

Locking tools 51, 52, 53 and 5 in FIG.
The detailed structures of 4 are shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, respectively. If the locking tool 51 is explained in detail, the fifth
As shown in the figure, the locking tool 51 is an anchor bolt embedded in the foundation 4 and has a threaded portion exposed from the foundation 4. The threaded portion faces inside the container through a small hole 81 made in the bottom 8, into which a plate 71 and a nut 72 are fitted. The plate 71 is brought into contact with the step inside the small hole 81, and the bottom 8 is pressed against the foundation 4 by the nut 72, thereby fixing the bottom 8 to the foundation 4. A hard filler is filled in the small hole 81 and around the nut 72 to seal the small hole 81 airtightly.

As shown in FIG. 6, the locking tool 52 is an ordinary anchor bolt, but a long nut 7 is attached to the threaded portion of the anchor bolt.
3 is connected and the bolt 74 fitted with the plate 71
is connected to the long nut 73. plate 71
The relationship in which the bottom 8 is fixed to the foundation 4 is the same as that of the locking tool 51 described above.

The locking device 53 consists of a long nut 532 welded onto a plate 531, as shown in FIG.
The long nut 532 is embedded in the foundation 4 with its internal threaded portion exposed. A bolt 74 fitted with a plate 71 is inserted through a small hole 81 drilled in the bottom 8, and the tip of the bolt 74 is locked into the internal thread of the long nut 532. The plate 71 thus fixes the bottom 8 to the foundation 4.

As shown in FIG. 8, the locking tool 54 is an anchor bolt with a bifurcated tip, the bifurcated portion is buried in the foundation 4, and the threaded portion protrudes above the foundation 4. Fixed. A plate 71 is embedded around a small hole 81 made in the bottom 8. The tip of the anchor bolt 54 is the plate 71
The nut 72 is fitted into the bottom 8.
is fixed to foundation 4.

This invention method involves embedding locking tools 51 to 54 on a concrete foundation,
The container bottom is fixed to a locking tool from inside the container through a small hole 81 made in the container bottom, and the small hole is later sealed airtight to fix the bottom to the foundation.
Since it is fixed to the locking tool from inside the container, the bottom can be fixed to the foundation at any location on the bottom of the container, especially in the center of the bottom of the container. This provides the advantage of completely preventing the bottom from floating up due to groundwater.

FIG. 1 shows an example using a container-like structure in which the bottom 8 and the side wall 9 are made integrally from the beginning.
The bottom and side walls may be separate. Figure 2 shows
An example is shown in which the bottom 8 and the side walls 9 are made separately. Even in this case, the locking tool 51 or 52 is
The method of this invention can be carried out by providing exactly the same arrangement as in the figure.

FIG. 2 shows that it is preferable to apply epoxy resin, polyester resin, or the like to the joint 89 between the bottom and the side wall, and to press the joint 89 using the weight of the side wall.

FIG. 3 is similar to FIG. 1, but in FIG. 3, since the basement is larger, the bottom and side walls are constructed by connecting a large number of units. In this case, as in the case of FIG. 1, the method of the present invention can be carried out by embedding the locking tools 51 to 54.

In the case of FIG. 3, the units themselves have a complicated structure because they must be connected to each other. For example, to configure the bottom, the unit 80
It is necessary to connect 1 and 802, and for this purpose, recesses 811 and 821 are provided around the unit. If necessary, packing or epoxy or polyester resin is filled and bonded. The recesses 811 and 821 are used for inserting a bolt extending across the recesses and fixing the bolt with a nut. Similarly, recesses 911 and 921 are provided for fixing the units forming the side walls to each other.

FIG. 4 shows a case where the bottom 8 and side wall 9 of FIG. 2 are composed of a plurality of unit bodies 801, 802, . . . and 91, 92, . . . . This case is also similar to FIG. 2 in that the locking tools 51 and 52 are buried and the bottom 8 is fixed to the foundation 4. Also,
The relationship for connecting the units is the same as that shown in FIG. 3.

The structure of the fastener is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 5 to 8. FIG. 9 shows that it is preferable to make the small hole 81 bored in the bottom 8 much larger than the outside diameter of the locking tool 51, and to widen the lower end into a flap shape. In addition, FIG. 9 shows plate 7.
This shows that in order to increase the contact surface of 1, it is possible to apply a taper that becomes wider toward the bottom. Furthermore, FIG. 9 shows that it is preferable to cover the plate 71 and the nut 72 with resin or caulking material to prevent water leakage, and to tapered the resin or caulking material to prevent its escape. It shows.

In FIG. 10, the plate 71 is wide,
It also shows that it is desirable to place reinforcing bars below it to prevent the plate 71 from coming off. FIG. 11 shows that the plate 71 may be left floating within the small hole 81. In this case, it is shown that it is preferable to sandwich the plate 71 between the nuts 72 and 75 and pour liquid resin around the plate 71 to completely fill the small holes 81 with the resin.

FIG. 12 shows that the tip of the anchor bolt 51 may protrude through the bottom 8. In this case, it is preferable to cover all the tips of the anchor bolts 51 protruding from the bottom 8 with a filler, and then install the basement floor on top of the filler.

FIG. 13 shows that the bottom 8 has a protrusion 8 around a small hole 81.
2, and the plate 71 is surrounded by the protrusion 82.
This indicates that a nut 72 may also be attached.

FIG. 14 shows that anchor bolts 51 and 52 may be buried in the foundation 4, a plate 57 may be fixed to these anchor bolts, and a long nut 58 may be welded onto the plate 57 to serve as a locking device. ing. A bolt 74 is inserted into the long nut 58, and the bolt 74 presses against the plate 71, thereby fixing the bottom 8 to the foundation 4.

15 shows something similar to the locking tool 53 shown in FIG. 7, but the locking tool 53 in FIG.
It is supported by a support member 59, making it extremely sturdy. When burying the long nut 532 in the foundation 4, it is preferable to place a foamed resin molded body on top of the long nut 532 and pour concrete, and then remove the resin molded body later. Further, FIG. 15 shows that it is preferable to fill the entire inside of the small hole 81 with the filler, and further fill the top of the long nut 532.

FIG. 16 shows a locking tool similar to the locking tool 54 shown in FIG. 8, but shows that it is easier to fix the plate 71 by making the abutting part of the plate 71 higher.

FIG. 17 shows that when the bottom 8 is constructed by connecting the units 801 and 802 as shown in FIG. 3, the recesses 811 and 821 are not only used for connecting the units, This shows that it can also be used to fix the bottom 8 to the foundation 4.

FIG. 18 shows four unit bodies 801, 802, 8
When 03 and 804 are combined to form the bottom 8, a recess 831 is formed spanning these four units, where the units are interconnected and fixed to the foundation 4. It shows that it is also good.

FIG. 19 shows four unit bodies 801, 802, 8
A depression 831 is provided at the intersection of 03 and 804,
This shows that the four units may be fixed to the foundation 4 by inserting bolts 841 there.

According to the method of this invention, a basement is constructed by digging a hole in the ground and placing a container with a bottom and side walls in the hole, so that the basement can be constructed at low cost.
Furthermore, since a foundation is created by pouring concrete into the bottom of the hole and the container is placed on the foundation, the container can be easily and stably installed. Furthermore, since the bottom of the container is fixed to the foundation, even if groundwater flows into the surrounding area, the container will be pulled by the foundation and will be prevented from floating, thus making it stable. Moreover,
To fix the bottom and the base, a locking tool is buried in the base to expose a part of the base, and a small hole is drilled in the bottom of the container so that the inside of the container can be seen. Since it is fixed to the fastener through a small hole, it can be fixed to any part of the bottom of the container, so even if the container is large, it can be firmly attached to the foundation. Can be fixed. Furthermore, after the bottom is fixed, the small holes are sealed airtight, which prevents groundwater from entering the container and also prevents corrosion of the fasteners. Thus, the method of this invention provides the advantage that the basement can be used stably for a long time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 4 are partially cutaway perspective views of a basement constructed by the method of the present invention. Fifth
16 are partially cut away vertical sectional views of a basement floor and foundation constructed by the method of the present invention. 17 to 19 are partially cutaway perspective views of the bottom and foundation of a basement constructed by the method of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the ground, 2 is the hole, 3 is chestnut stone, and 4
1 is a concrete foundation, 51 to 54 are fasteners, 8 is a container bottom, 9 is a side wall, 10 is a ceiling, 11 is a doorway, and 12 is a floor of an above-ground building.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Dig a hole in the ground, pour concrete into the bottom of the hole to create a foundation, bury a locking tool in the foundation and leave a part exposed, and then build a container with a bottom and side walls. Place the container in the hole and place the bottom of the container on the foundation. Pass the small hole drilled into the bottom of the container from inside the container and fix the bottom to the exposed part of the fastener. The small hole is airtightly sealed and the bottom is fixed to the foundation. A method of constructing a basement, characterized by: