JPH03266919A - Digger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a digger improved in digging efficiency, so designed that a sheet-winding drum is detachably installed at a support and one side plate is also detachably installed at another part of the drum, thereby mitigating burdens in terms of both labor and time for removing wound sheets. CONSTITUTION:When a sheet-winding drum 34 is slightly lifted with sheets left wound, both the projected ends 48, 54 of a revolving shaft 46 get out of contact from the respective recesses of a support and the connecting part 56 also gets out of contact from the driving shaft. Thence, the connecting part is put on e.g. the ground, and, at first, when nuts 50 are turned and removed from the ends 48, 54, one side plate 44a on the side with the nut 50 removed gets out of contact, by simply pulling in the direction of the revolving shaft 46, from the inside of the respective one end 38a', 40a', 42a' of crossbars 38, 40, 42 respectively engaged with projected parts 64a, 66a, 68a, 70a and the outside of the expanded part 58a of the revolving shaft 46, thus being removed from said revolving shaft 46. Then, when a wound sheet is pulled in the direction of the revolving shaft 46, the sheet slides along each crossbar, thus being removed from the drum 34.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator for digging up and harvesting various root vegetables, bulbs, etc. from the ground, and particularly to a sheet winding drum for winding up mulched sheets.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, various root vegetables, bulbs, etc. have been cultivated as edible or ornamental crops. All of these bulbous vegetables store nutrients in their underground roots, stems, leaves, etc., and grow into spherical or clumpy shapes. Therefore, they are dug up from the ground and harvested for food or ornamental purposes. In this case, if the cultivation area is large, it will reduce the labor burden and improve the digging efficiency.
In consideration of this, select a digger that is suitable for the harvested material.

In such a digging machine, a conveyor whose rear end is raised higher than the front end and is inclined is generally installed behind the digging blade to form a transport route for the harvested material. For this reason, when harvested materials dug up from the ground with a digging blade are conveyed on a conveyor, the harvested materials are separated from the dug up soil during the process, making them easier to collect.

However, in the cultivation of sweet potatoes, potatoes, etc., the widely used method is to cover the ridges with mulch, such as a mulch sheet.

In this case, it is necessary to strip the sheet first and then dig it out. Therefore, if the excavator is equipped with a drum for winding up the mulched seams 1~, it is possible to wind the stripped seams 1~ around the drum and simultaneously excavate the excavation. The winding drum for this sea 1 is composed of a plurality of horizontal rods for winding the seam 1 and the winding end, together with a rotating shaft, and tJ extending between the plates on both sides so as to surround the rotating shaft. It is attached to the supporting parts protruding from both sides of the frame. The supporting portions tend to support both protruding ends protruding outward from both side plates of the rotating shaft. Therefore, when driving the rotating shaft,
The seal take-up drum rotates.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, such a seal take-up drum is assembled by firmly connecting each end of each horizontal bar to corresponding positions on both side plates by tightening or the like. There's a problem.

This is because it is necessary to remove the thick sheet layers by cutting them one by one with a cutter, one after the other, or when they reach an appropriate thickness, which requires a lot of labor and time. It's too much of a burden - C. In addition, the leaves and stems of cultivated crops are scattered on the mulched sheet, and soil is on top of it, so if you roll them up together, the diameter of the rolled sheet will quickly become thicker, which may cause problems. . Also, since the diameter of the sheet wound around the drum gradually increases,
During the winding process, the tension of bell 1~ that drives the drum is inappropriate; if it is too weak, the rotational speed of the drum will slow down and the sheet will become loose, and if it is too strong, the rotational speed will be too high. Sea 1~ is pulled and becomes easier to cut.

The present invention has been made by focusing on such conventional problems, and it is possible to easily remove the seams 1~ wound up on a drum without cutting them with a cutter, thereby reducing labor and time-consuming negative phases. This improves excavation efficiency, removes leaves, stems, soil, etc. scattered on Sheet-1 to prevent obstructions, and adjusts the tension of the V-belt according to the thickness of the winding on Sheet-I. The object of the present invention is to provide an excavator that can be adjusted appropriately and perform winding operations smoothly.

Means for Solving the Problem The means for achieving the purpose described below are shown in the examples below.
This will be explained using FIGS. 1, 2, and 5.

This excavator has 38 horizontal bars for wrapping multi-sheets.
The sheet winding drum 34 is assembled by wrapping a plurality of (40, 42) together with the rotating shaft 46 between the side plates 44 so as to surround the rotating shaft 46. It is attached to the support part 36 protruding from the support part 3.
6 supports both protruding ends 48.54 protruding outward from both side plates 44 of the rotating shaft 46, and drives the rotating shaft 4G to make the winding drum 34 rotatable. A thread 52 is cut on one protruding end 48 , a connecting part 56 is provided on the other protruding end 54 that can be freely connected to the drive shaft 98 , and a thread is cut on the outer circumferential surface near the protruding end 48 by one thread. The extended portion 58a having unevenness is provided with a crotch C-shaped hole, and the one side plate 44a is provided with a hole 60 into which the threaded protruding end 48 of the rotary shaft 46 is inserted and removed.
, -42, 408', 42a' and the extended portion 58a of the rotating shaft 46, each protruding portion 611. a, 66a, 68a, and 70a are provided, and a nut 50 that fits into the threaded protruding end 48 of the rotating shaft 46 is used.
4 is provided with each recess 80 into which it can be freely inserted.

At least one horizontal bar 3 is also provided on the other side plate 44b.
It is preferable to provide a protrusion 64b into which the other end of 8 can be inserted and removed.

Further, in an excavator equipped with a drum 34 for winding a multi-layer sheet, a barge 82 may be installed on the sheet guide path leading to the sheet winding drum 34, and the barge 82 may be brought into contact with the sheet surface. can.

Furthermore, in an excavator equipped with a drum 34 for winding up a mulched sheet, there is a mechanism for driving the sheet winding drum 34.
A tension adjustment device 100 operated by a handle 102 can also be installed on the belt 94.

Effects With the above structure, the sheet winding drum 34 is not only removably attached to the support portion 36, but also detachable from the side plate 44a or other parts of the sheet winding drum 34.
The wound sheet can be easily removed from the drum 34 through the following procedure without cutting it with a cutter. That is, when the sheet winding drum 34 is left with the sheet wound thereon and lifted slightly, both protruding ends 4 of the rotary shaft 46
8.54 is removed from each recess 80 of the support portion 36, and the connecting portion 56 is removed from the drive shaft 98. Next, place the nut 5 on the ground or the like, and first insert the nut 5 from the protruding end 48.54 of the rotating shaft 46.
0 and remove it, one side plate 4 on the side where the nut 50 was removed
4a in the direction of the rotating shaft 46, each protrusion 64a
, 66a, 68a and 70a, respectively, are fitted at one end 38a', 40a', 4
2a- and the outside of the expanded portion 58a of the rotating shaft 46, and is removed from the rotating shaft 46. Then, when the wound sheet is pulled in the direction of the rotating shaft 46, each horizontal bar 38, 40, 4
2 and can be handled and removed from the sheet take-up drum 34. If the other side plate 44b is also provided with a protrusion 64b into which the other end of at least one horizontal bar 38 can be freely inserted and removed, the horizontal bar 38 etc. can also be removed, so the rolled up sheet can be further removed. It becomes easier. -One side plate 4 removed
When the winding drum 4a and the nut 50 are reassembled, the winding drum 34 is reassembled, and the winding drum 34 is inserted and placed in each recess 80 on the support part 36, and its rotating shaft 46 and drive shaft 98 are connected. Then, you can wind up the sheet in the same way.

Furthermore, by bringing a brush 82 into contact with the sheet surface before winding it up on the sheet winding drum 34, leaves, stems, soil, etc. carried on the sheet can be scraped off and removed.

Furthermore, a tension adjustment device 100 operated by a handle 102 is attached to the V-belt 94 that drives the sheet winding drum 34.
By providing this, the tension of the V-belt 94 can be adjusted by operating the handle 102 if it is inappropriate while observing the winding state of the sheet.

Example Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a rear view showing a sheet winding drum of an excavator to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the excavator as seen from the rear. In the figure, 10 (10a, 10b) is the left side plate of the machine frame, 12 is a connecting frame with the tractor, and ]4 is a central crosspiece that integrates and firmly connects them. At the upper center of this central machine 14 is a bevel gear box 1 that converts rotational power in the right angle direction.
6 directly installed. The human power shaft of the bevel gear is the P of the tractor.
It is connected to the TO shaft, and its left and right output shafts serve as the main power source for the excavator. Note that 18 is a case that covers these output shafts.

Below the central machine 14, between the lower ends of the left and right side plates 10 of the machine frame, there is a digging blade (not shown), a conveyor 20, and a car roller 2.
2 are arranged in order from the front to the rear to form a transportation route for harvested products. That is, behind the digging blade, there is a link rod chain conveyor 20 suitable for soil shaking with the rear end raised higher than the front end and inclined, and horizontal bars 24 approximately equal to the width of the conveyor 20 on both sides. Plate 26 (26a, 2
Between 6b), a large number of cage rollers 22 with water sprinkled over them are successively installed. This cage roller 22 has each horizontal bar 24 made up of a combination of a core and a rotatable pipe that covers the core, and each core is arranged in parallel with both ends of the regular octagonal side plates 26 (26a, 26b). ) and make the whole into a regular octagonal cylindrical basket shape.

Furthermore, a rotating shaft 28 is provided so as to penetrate through the center.

In addition, in the vicinity of the installation part of the car roller 22, since sleds 30 and the like are provided below the left and right side plates 10 of the machine frame, each support plate 32 (32a, 32b) protrudes from the side plates 10.
By adjusting , the cage roller 22 can be moved up and down according to cropping conditions, soil conditions, etc.

A drum 34 is installed above the central machine 1/l for winding up vinyl seams 1 to 1 etc. which are mulched during excavation.

For this purpose, a crosspiece frame serving as a support portion 36 of the sheet winding drum 34 is provided protruding near the upper end portions of the left and right side plates 10 of the machine frame. This sheet winding drum 34 is stretched between three horizontal bars 3B, 40142, which are slightly longer than the width of the conveyor 20, and disks/1.4 (4, 4a, 44b) on both sides arranged on the left and right sides. This made it possible to wind up the sheet.Of course,
A rotating shaft 4G is provided so as to penetrate through the center.

Here, the structure of the sheets 1 to 34 will be explained in detail based on FIG. Each horizontal bar 38, 40, 42 is an elongated cylinder having the same length and thickness. In the diagram, horizontal bar 4
2 is shown in a position overlapping the horizontal bar 38. Rotating shaft 46
is a long and slender round bar, and after assembly, one end 48 protruding outward from the disks 44 on both sides has a screw 52 for fitting into a nut, for example, a wing nut, and the other protruding end 54 has a screw 52 at its tip. A connecting portion 56 that can be detachably connected to the drive shaft is provided near the drive shaft.

The connecting portion 56 is formed into a rectangular flat plate, for example, and a recess into which it can be freely inserted and removed is provided at the end of the drive shaft MUc.

Further, the rotating shaft 46 is provided with an extension J 8 a having an uneven outer peripheral surface near the threaded protruding end 48 (a similar extension is also provided at a symmetrical position near the other protruding end 54 ). The length of the rotating portion 58b excluding both protruding ends 48, 54 is approximately equal to the length of each horizontal bar 38, 40, 42.

As shown in FIG. 3, the disks 44 on both sides are substantially symmetrically arranged on both sides. The rotation shaft 4 is located at the center of the left disk 44a.
A hole 60 is made into which the threaded protruding end 18 of No. 6 can be inserted and removed, and a hole 62 into which the connecting portion 56 of the rotating shaft 46 is fitted is made in the center of the stone side disk 44b. Plate 4.48 has each left end 38a of each crossbar 38.40.42.
40a-1/I-2a- and the left extended portion 58a of the rotating shaft 46, respectively, are provided with respective protrusions 64a, 66a, 68a, and 70a that are removably fitted on the outside or inside.

Moreover, each protrusion 64a, 66a, 68a is a protrusion 70.
Arrange and cover in an equilateral triangle shape with a as the center. In addition, the left side disc 44
The center hole 60 of a is in communication with the center hole of the protrusion 70a. Regarding the stone side disc 44b, similar protrusions 64b, 66b, 68b and 70 are provided at symmetrical positions to the left disc 44a.
b. a3, a1 side disk 44b (7) center hole 6
2 also communicates with the center hole 72b of the protrusion 70b.

Each of these horizontal bars 38.40. /'1.2, rotation @46,
When the seal take-up drum 34 is assembled using the discs 44 on both sides and the nuts 50, the left disc 44a2 has cylindrical protrusions 64a, 66a as shown in FIG.
, 68a, while one end portion 38a-140a-142a- of each horizontal bar 38, 40, 42 is fitted to the outside of each horizontal bar 38, 40, 42, 68a,
The prismatic extension portion 58a of the rotating shaft 46 is fitted inside each cylindrical protrusion 70a. The same applies to the other side disc 4.4b. However, while the left side disk 44a tightens the nut 50 to the rotating shaft 46 and is fixed between its protruding end 18 and the extended portion 58a, the stone side disk 44b tightens the nut 50 between its protruding end 7.
0b is fixed to the extended portion 58b by welding or the like. Therefore,
The right disk 44b and the rotating shaft 46 cannot be disassembled.1 The support section 36 on which the sheet winding drum 34 is mounted is a combination of crosspiece frames, and the support frames 74 (74a) , 74b) protrude, and at the rear there are two horizontal bars 76.7 that guide the stripped sheet.
8 are arranged in parallel. Furthermore, the top of each support frame 74 has respective recesses 80 into which both protruding ends 48 and 54 of the rotary shaft 46 can be freely inserted. Note that the sheet peeled off from the ridges passes between the central core 14 and the conveyor 20 before reaching the lower horizontal bar 76. Therefore, a brush 82 is installed directly at the lower central portion of the central core 14, and its tip is brought into contact with the sheet surface.

The rotational power from the left output shaft of the bevel gear is transmitted to the drive shaft of the conveyor 20 via the pulley and V-belt covered by the safety cover 84, and further from the drive shaft to the car roller via the gear and chain covered by the safety cover 86. 22 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 28. Further, the rotational power from the right output shaft of the bevel gear is transmitted to the sheet winding drum 34 via a pulley covered with a safety cover 88 and a V-belt.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the driving force transmission path leading to the seal take-up drum with the safety cover etc. removed.

In the figure, 90 is the right output shaft of the bevel gear, 92 is a small pulley connected to the shaft end, 94 is a V-belt suspended around the pulley, and 96 is a large pulley around which the belt is suspended. The shaft 98 of this large pulley 96 is connected to the sheet winding drum 3.
4, and transmits the driving force from the right output shaft 90 at a reduced speed.

Furthermore, a tension adjustment device 100 is installed near the V-belt 94 to adjust its tension.

This tension adjustment device 100 has a handle 10 at one end.
2, and by operating it, the pressing force applied to the V-belt 94 from the roller 104 at the other end can be adjusted through an interlocking mechanism. For this purpose, the handle 102 is inserted into a hole 108 provided in a member 106 that regulates the operating range, and one end of the handle 102 is supported by a shaft 110. In addition, the operation hole 108
A plurality of, for example, five positioning holes are arranged along the rotating direction of the handle 102, and a hole for switching the handle is communicated with the positioning holes. Furthermore, one end of a tension coil spring 112 is fixed to one end of the handle 102. This spring 1
The other end of 12 is a mandrel 116 in a fixed cylinder 114.
One end of the mandrel 116 is secured to one end of the arm 118. Further, the other end of the arm 118 rotatably supports the pressure roller 104.

When using such a digging machine to dig up sweet potatoes, potatoes, or other bulbous vegetables that have been mulched with a vinyl sheet, etc., place the machine at the edge of a ridge, etc., and first remove a portion of the sheet from the ridge. Holding one end, pass it under the brush 82, along the guide rod 76, 78, and wrap the end slightly around one of the horizontal rods 38, 40° 42 of the winding drum 34. Thereafter, when the machine is moved forward, the sheet winding drum 34 sequentially peels off the mulched sheets from the ridges and winds them up, and the digging blade digs up the harvested material together with the soil.

Before the stripped sheet is wound onto the drum 34,
A brush 82 contacts the upper surface. Therefore, the leaves, stems, soil, etc. of the crops carried on the sheet can be scraped off and removed near the tip of the brush 82. Further, the harvested material and soil dug up by the digging blade are placed on the front end of the conveyor 20 and sent to the rear. After being shaken out to some extent during this process, the harvested items are transferred from the conveyor 20 to the basket rollers 22 together with the soil, where they are rapidly shaken up and moved to the groin plate 120 (
120a.

120b), it is collected in the center, separated well from the soil, and falls onto the ground.

During excavation, the winding condition of the sheet is occasionally observed, and if it is inappropriate, the tension of the V-belt 94 is adjusted by operating the handle 102. If the seat is too loose, operate the handle 102 to switch to the front positioning hole as appropriate. Then, the tensile force of the spring 112 increases,
It passes from the mandrel 116 to the arm 118 to the roller 10.
It is transmitted to 4. Then, the V-belt 94 is strongly pressed by the roller 104, so the tension increases,
Winding speed increases. If the sheet is too stretched, the handle 102 is appropriately switched to the rear positioning hole to slow down the winding speed.

In this way, the harvested crops are picked up along the ridges. Also, the sheet wound around the drum 34 has ridges (t!
It is removed from the winding drum 34 each time it reaches 2@, or when it reaches an appropriate thickness.

At this time, if the winding drum 34 is slightly lifted while the sheet is left wound, both protruding ends 48,54 of the rotary shaft 46 will come out of the respective recesses 80 of the support part 36, and at the same time the connecting part 56 The drive shaft 98 of the flat plate or pulley 96 in
It comes out of the recess in the.

Next, place it on the ground, etc., and first twist and remove the nuts 1 to 50 from the protruding ends 784B, 48 of the rotating shaft 46, and the left disk 44.8 can be pulled in the direction of the rotating shaft 46. , left end 388' of each cross bar 38, 40, 42 in which each protrusion 64a, 66a, 68a and 70a is fitted; Oa
-142a' or the left extended portion 58a of the rotating shaft 46
When the rolled sheet is pulled in the direction of the rotating shaft 46, it slides along each horizontal bar 38, /1.0142, and is removed from the winding drum 34. It can be removed from the handle.However, each horizontal bar 3
8. The left end of 40° 42 is also
4b, 66b, and 68b, if one or more of the horizontal bars 38, 40, and 42 are handled, the drum 34 will further disassemble and the sheet wound thereon will be easier to remove.

Once removed, each horizontal bar 38.40, 4.2, left side disc 44a
, nut 50, etc. to the other right disk 44. b and rotating shaft 46
When the sheet winding tram 34 is reassembled, the sheet winding tram 34 is reassembled. Therefore, the winding drum 34 is placed on the frame 74 of the support section 36 again, and both of its protruding ends /'I8. Connect to the location. Then, the sheet can be similarly wound onto the seal winding drum 3/'4.

According to the present invention described in detail, the sheet winding drum can be attached to and detached from the support part, and the one side plate can be attached to and detached from other parts of the winding drum, so that the sheet can be easily attached to the drum. If the sheet is removed from the support part together with the winding drum while still being wound, and then the one side plate is removed from the winding drum, the wound sheet can be pulled out from there and easily removed. Naturally, it is easy to assemble the winding drum after disassembling it and to attach it to the support section. Therefore, the labor and time burden of removing the winding sheet can be reduced, and the excavation efficiency can be improved.

If at least one of the horizontal bars can be freely inserted into the other side plates, the horizontal bars can also be removed, making it easier to remove the rolled up sheet.

In addition, by installing a brush on the sheet guide path and keeping the brush in contact with the sheet surface, leaves, stems, soil, etc. on the sheet can be removed, so that problems such as sudden thickening of the diameter can be avoided. It will no longer occur.

Furthermore, if a tension adjustment device that is operated by a handle is installed on the V-belt that drives the winding drum, the tension of the V-belt can be adjusted by operating the handle, allowing you to select the winding speed and ensure smooth winding work. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear view showing a sheet winding drum of an excavator to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the excavator as seen from the rear. Figure 3 is a rear view showing the left and right side plates of the sheet winding drum;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line X--X in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the driving force transmission path leading to the sheet winding drum with the safety cover etc. removed. 10... Side plate of machine frame 14... Center crosspiece 34...
Shit winding drum 36...Support part ・38.40.4
2... Horizontal bar 44... Side plate 46... Rotating shaft 4
8.54...Protruding end 50...Nut 52...
・Screw 56...Connection part 58...Expansion part 60・
... Hole 64.66, 0 68.70 ... Projection 80 ... Recess 82 ...
Brush 94...V belt 98...Drive shaft 100.
...Tension adjustment device 102...Handle

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Assemble a sheet winding drum by wrapping multiple horizontal bars for winding multi-layered sheets together with a rotating shaft between both side plates so as to surround the rotating shaft, and then projecting the drum against both side plates of the machine frame. In a hogging machine that is attached to a support part provided, the support part supports both protruding ends protruding outward from both side plates of a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is driven to make the sheet winding drum rotatable. , the rotating shaft has a thread cut on one protruding end, a removable connection part with the drive shaft is provided on the other protruding end, and an extension having unevenness on the outer circumferential surface near the threaded protruding end. A hole is formed in one side plate into which the threaded protruding end of the rotating shaft is inserted and removed, and one end of each horizontal bar and an extended part of the rotating shaft are inserted into and removed from the inner surface of each protrusion. What is claimed is: 1. An excavator characterized in that the support part is provided with recesses into which both the protruding ends can be inserted and removed, using a nut that fits into the threaded protruding end of the rotating shaft. (2) The excavator according to item 1, wherein the other side plate is also provided with a protrusion into which the other end of at least one horizontal bar is inserted and removed. (3) In a mulching machine equipped with a sheet winding drum for winding up mulched sheets, a brush is installed in the sheet guide path leading to the sheet winding drum, and the brush is brought into contact with the sheet surface. A drilling machine. (4) In a winding machine equipped with a sheet winding drum for winding multi-layered sheets, the winding machine is characterized in that a tension adjustment device operated by a handle is installed on the V-belt that drives the sheet winding drum. Machine.