JPH03265103A - Monostable electromagnet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To elevate the suction force in the direction of operation without need of an operation spring by providing a permanent magnet between the first magnetic junction of a yoke and the magnetic pole, or between the second magnetic junction of an armature and the contact/separation part. CONSTITUTION:A permanent magnet 4 is provided between a first magnetic junction 6 and a magnetic pole 8 of between the second magnetic junction 5 of an armature 3 and a contact/separation part 7, and further a coil 2 wound on a yoke 1 or the armature 3 is provided. Now, when the coil 2 is excited, the contact/separation part 7 of the armature 3 is attracted by the magnetic pole 8. At this time, in the operation part of the armature 3, the magnetic flux by the excitation of the coil 3 does not include the permanent magnet 4, and it forms the closed magnetic path by the yoke 1 and the armature 3 too. This way, without need of an operation spring, the attractive force in the operational direction can be elevated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a monostable electromagnet that is applied to electromagnetic contactors, electromagnetic relays, etc. for switching on and off three-phase motors.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional monostable electromagnets of this type have generally been so-called non-polar electromagnets that do not include a permanent magnet in their magnetic circuits, such as clapper-type electromagnets. Although this non-polar electromagnet is low cost, only the magnetic flux generated by the coil can be used to drive the armadure, so it was necessary to increase power consumption in order to obtain a certain range of attractive force.

On the other hand, in recent years, polarized electromagnet devices in which a permanent magnet is included in the magnet circuit have been proposed in order to reduce the power consumption of electromagnets (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 17333/1983,
-10327, Special Publication No. 01-502705).

The monostable electromagnet disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-17333 can use the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet for the driving force of the armature, so it can consume less power than the non-polar type when obtaining a certain range of attractive force. However, since it has a bistable electromagnetic structure, it is not suitable for a biased spring load such as a -11R electromagnetic contactor.

In addition, the monostable IF electromagnet of Utility Model Publication No. 58-10327,
It has characteristics that are intermediate between the non-polar type and the polarized conventional example, that is, it is polar, so it can achieve low power consumption, and unlike the conventional example, it has an asymmetrical magnetic circuit, so it has characteristics that allow it to pass through biased spring loads. are doing. However, since the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is configured to form an open loop on the return side of the armature, the force in the return direction becomes very large. ) was required.

Furthermore, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic switching device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 01-502705, like the monostable electromagnet, has characteristics intermediate between the non-polar type and the polar type. Since it is a magnetic circuit of There were no drawbacks such as the need for a spring (operation spring) to bias the armature toward the operation side during alignment.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, with this T-magnet, all of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flows to the yoke at the return position of the armature, so the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet cannot be used as an attractive force in the direction of movement of the armature. There was a drawback that the suction force at the position was small.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient polarized monostable electromagnet that can be applied to biased spring loads without requiring an operating spring, and that can utilize the attractive force in the operating direction of the permanent magnet at the return position of the armature. It is to provide.

[Means to solve the problem]

The monostable electromagnet according to claim 11 has a yoke having a first magnetic coupling part and a magnetic pole part, a second magnetic coupling part magnetically coupled to the first magnetic coupling part, and the monostable electromagnet is connected to and separated from the magnetic pole part. an armature having a contacting/separating part, and at least one between the first magnetic coupling part of the yoke and the magnetic pole part and between the second magnetic coupling part of the armature and the contacting/separating part. a permanent magnet magnetically coupled to the
A coil wound around at least one of the yoke and the armature is provided.

In the monostable electromagnet of claim (2), in claim (1), the second magnetic coupling portion of the armature is connected to the first magnetic coupling portion of the armature.
It is pivotally supported by the magnetic coupling part of.

In the monostable electromagnet of claim (3), in claim (1), the second magnetic coupling portion of the armature is connected to the first magnetic coupling portion of the armature.
It is slidably provided on the magnetic coupling part of the magnetic coupling part.

[Effect]

According to the monostable electromagnet of claim (1), when the coil is excited, the contact/separation portion of the armature operates so as to be attracted to the magnetic pole portion of the yoke. In this case, at the operating position of the armature, the magnetic flux caused by the excitation of the coil can form a closed magnetic path by the yoke and the armature without including a permanent magnet. In addition, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet forms a closed magnetic path through the yoke and the armature, and the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet is superimposed on the magnetic flux generated by the coil, so the attractive force of the armature can be increased and power consumption can be reduced.

On the other hand, even in the return position of the armature, since the first magnetic coupling part and the second magnetic coupling part are magnetically coupled, a part of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flows between the contact part and the magnetic pole part, causing a rough Although it is a magnetic coupling, it works to attract the armature to the operating side, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet does not act in the direction of the return of the armature, resulting in high efficiency.It can also be superimposed on the magnetic flux when the coil is excited, so the return of the armature is prevented. It is possible to increase the attractive force at a certain position, and to obtain attractive force characteristics that easily match the uneven spring loads of electromagnetic contactors, electromagnetic relays, etc., without requiring a conventional operating spring.

According to the monostable electromagnet of claim (2), since the second magnetic coupling part of the armature is pivotally supported by the first magnetic coupling part, the same effect as described above can be achieved by swinging the armature. conduct.

According to the monostable 74N stone of claim (3), since the second magnetic coupling part of the armature is provided with a slidable groove on the first magnetic coupling part, the stroke of the armature can be increased. .

〔Example〕

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3. Namely, this monostable! The magnet is yoke 1
It has a coil 2, an armature 3, and a permanent magnet 4.

The yoke has a first magnetic coupling part 6 and a magnetic pole part 8.

In the embodiment, a flat plate is bent into a substantially U-shape.

The coil 2 is wound around one piece of the yoke 1.

The armature 3 has a second magnetic coupling part 5 that is magnetically coupled to the first magnetic coupling part 6 and has a contacting and separating part 7 that approaches and separates from the magnetic pole part 8 . The armature 3 of the embodiment is formed of a flat plate, and the second magnetic coupling part 5 is pivotally supported by the first magnetic coupling part 6.

The contact/separation portion 7 is attracted to the magnetic pole portion 8 of the yoke 1 by the excitation of the coil 2. When not energized, the armature 3 returns to the return position where the contact/separation portion 7 is separated from the magnetic pole portion 8 by a return spring (not shown) or the like. Note that a known hinge means is used as the pivot means for the second magnetic coupling portion 5.

The permanent magnet 4 is connected to the first magnetic coupling portion 6 of the yoke 1 and the magnetic pole portion 8.
is established between. N and S are magnetic poles. In the embodiment, the permanent magnet 4 is directly fixed between the first magnetic coupling part 6 and the magnetic pole part 8.

According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
In the restored state of the N stone, due to the magnetizing force of the permanent magnet 4, most of the magnetic flux flows as magnetic flux φI via the yoke 1,
Although the force that attracts the armature 3 in the return direction does not act, a part of the magnetic flux Φ2 of the permanent magnet 4 flows through the yoke 1 and the armature 3, and although the magnetic circuit is a rough connection, the armature 3 is moved to the operating side. It works like a suction. Therefore, since no force is applied to attract the armature 3 in the return direction, it is possible to apply a biased spring load without requiring a conventional operating spring. Furthermore, since the force that attracts the armature 3 toward the operating side by the magnetic flux Φ2 always acts even when the coil 2 is not energized, when applied to an electromagnetic contactor or an electromagnetic relay, the electromagnet driving part and the movable part of the contact part (movable frame , cards, etc.), and stable connections can be made without creating gaps between the connector and the connector (cards, etc.), resulting in stable characteristics (electrostatic voltage, mechanical life, etc.).

Then, when the coil 2 is excited, the magnetic flux Φ3 generated by the excitation of the coil 2 flows in the opposite direction to the aforementioned magnetic flux Φ1, as shown in FIG. Since Φ2 is superimposed on the magnetic flux Φ3 generated by excitation of the coil 2, the attractive force at the return position of the armature 3 can be increased. This effect can be particularly great when a magnet with high energy such as a rare earth magnet is used as the permanent magnet 4.

Next, the armature 3 swings about the first magnetic coupling part 6 as a fulcrum, and operates so that the contact/separation part 7 is attracted to the magnetic pole part 8 . As shown in FIG. 3 (bl), in the operating position of the armature 3, the magnetic flux Φ3 generated by the excitation of the coil 2 is configured to flow in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux Φ1 described above, and the yoke does not include the permanent magnet 4. The magnetic flux Φ2 generated by the permanent magnet 4 forms a closed magnetic path via the yoke 1 and the armature 3, and the magnetic flux Φ2 generated by the permanent magnet 4 is caused by the excitation of the coil 2. Therefore, as the magnetomotive force of the coil 2 increases, the attractive force generated between the yoke 1 and the armature 3 increases, while the magnetic flux Φ2 of the permanent magnet 4 causes the magnetic flux Φ2 to move toward the operating side of the armature 3. Since the attraction force of the coil 2 can be increased, the power consumption of the coil 2 can be reduced.

On the other hand, when the current flowing through the coil 2 is cut off (the coil 2 is brought into a non-excited state), the armature 3 returns to the state shown in FIG. 3 (al) by a return spring or the like (not shown).

Another effect is that during operation, the magnetic flux Φ2 of the permanent magnet 4 acts additively on the magnetic flux φ3 of the coil 2, and at the time of return (when the excitation of the coil 2 is removed), the magnetic flux Φ1 of the permanent magnet 4 is added to the magnetic flux Φ3 of the coil 2. Since it works to reduce Φ3, special table Hei 01
- No. 502705! Similar to the electromagnet of the break switching device, the short operating time and short return time of the armature 3 (
short switching times).

Moreover, in this embodiment, by arranging the permanent magnet 4 in the gap between the first magnetic coupling part 6 and the magnetic pole part 8 of the yoke 1, the magnetic flux φ2 obtained from the permanent magnet 4 can be increased, and the attractive force can be increased. Therefore, power consumption can be further reduced.

Furthermore, since the second magnetic coupling part 5 of the armature 3 is brought into direct contact with the first magnetic coupling part 6 of the yoke 1, the magnetic coupling between the armature 3 and the yoke 1 at the operating position of the armature 3 is improved. The magnetic flux φ3 due to the excitation of the coil 2 can be increased, the attractive force of the armature 3 can be increased, and power consumption can be reduced.

A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. That is, in this monostable electromagnet, the contact area between the magnetic pole part 8 and the permanent magnet 4 is increased by bending the magnetic pole part 8 of the yoke 1 inward, and other aspects are the same as in the first embodiment.

By bending the magnetic pole part 8 of the yoke 1 and increasing the contact area between the magnetic pole part 8 and the permanent magnet 4, the magnetic coupling between the magnetic pole part 8 and the permanent magnet 4 is improved, and the permanent magnet 4 can be made larger.
Magnetic flux Φ1. Since Φ2 can be increased, the suction force can be further increased.

A third embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. That is, in this monostable electromagnet, the yoke 1 is formed by punching a flat plate into a substantially U-shape, with the armature 3 facing the plate surface and one permanent magnet 4 connected to the first magnetic coupling part of the yoke 1. 6 and the magnetic pole part 8. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

A yoke l is formed by punching a flat plate into a substantially U-shape,
By directly opposing the armature 3 to the plate surface, the electromagnet can be made thinner than the first and second embodiments.

A fourth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. That is, in this monostable electromagnet, the second magnetic coupling part 5 of the armature 3 is slidably provided on the first magnetic coupling part 6. That is, the yoke 1 is formed into a substantially Y-shape, the center piece serves as the first magnetic coupling part 6, the both pieces serve as the magnetic pole parts 8, and the pair of permanent magnets 4 are connected to the first magnetic coupling part 6 and the magnetic pole part 8. A hole 5a is provided in the second magnetic coupling part 5 of the armature 3, and the hole 5a is slidably fitted into the first magnetic coupling part 6 of the yoke 1. The separation portion 7 is opposed to the magnetic pole portion 8 of the yoke 1. Armature 3
The solid line indicates the operating state, and the imaginary line indicates the return state. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

By configuring the armature 3 to be slidable, the first
It is possible to use an electromagnet with a larger stroke of the armature 3 compared to the embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment.

Incidentally, the yoke 1 may be formed by punching flat plates into a substantially Y-shape and stacking them. Alternatively, it may be formed into a substantially U-shaped bent shape by caulking a substantially U-shaped yoke and a bar-shaped or plate-shaped yoke.

A fifth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

That is, this monostable 1 is made up of a fixed part 1a in which the yoke 1 has a U-shaped fixed part 1a formed by bending a flat plate, and a movable part 1b that slidably passes through a penetrating part 1c in the center of the fixed part 1a. The movable portion 1b has a magnetic pole portion 8, and the end portion of the movable portion 1b has a first magnetic coupling portion 6. The permanent magnet 4 is arranged between the magnetic pole part 8 and the first magnetic coupling part 6, and is connected to the movable part 1b on the magnetic pole S side.
is slidably supported. In the armature 3, a second magnetic coupling part 5 at the center is integrally connected to the first magnetic coupling part 6, and contact/separation parts 7 at both ends face the magnetic pole parts 8, respectively. Further, the coil 2 is wound around the movable part 1b. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

According to this embodiment, since the armature 3 slides, it is possible to perform electromagnetic scrubbing with a large stroke.

Furthermore, since the movable portion 1b is slidably supported at two locations, the permanent magnet 4 and the through portion 1c, a more stable sliding operation can be obtained than in the fourth embodiment.

Note that the through portion 1c is magnetically coupled with a magnetic ring or the like.

A sixth embodiment of this invention is shown in FIG. That is, in this monostable electromagnet, the permanent magnet 4 is provided in a position close to the center between the first magnetic coupling part 6 and the magnetic pole part 8 of the yoke 1 in the first embodiment.

In this invention, the yoke 1 is formed by bending one part into a substantially U-shape as in the first embodiment, but it can be formed into a plurality of parts by, for example, caulking an L-shaped yoke and a rod-shaped or plate-shaped yoke. It may be configured by

Further, although the magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet 4 is magnetically coupled to the first magnetic coupling portion 6 of the yoke 1, the opposite magnetic pole N may be magnetically coupled.

Also, although the permanent magnet 4 was fixed directly to the yoke 1, the yoke 1
The yoke 1 may be fixed in the gap between the first magnetic coupling part 6 and the magnetic pole part 8 by a case that holds the yoke 1, a coil frame around which the coil 2 is wound (not shown), or the like. Furthermore, a plurality of permanent magnets 4 may be arranged in parallel.

Furthermore, in the first to third embodiments,
The second magnetic coupling part 5 of the armature 3 is connected to the first magnetic coupling part 5 of the yoke 1.
Although the first magnetic coupling part 6 of the yoke 1 is pivoted so as to be in direct contact with the magnetic coupling part 6 of the yoke 1, the first magnetic coupling part 6 of the yoke 1 is near the junction between the first magnetic coupling part 6 of the yoke 1 and the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 4, or the first magnetic coupling part of the yoke 1. The permanent magnet 4 may be pivoted on the side of the magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet 4 by a pivot means.

Further, although the coil 2 is provided on the yoke 1 in the embodiment, it may be provided on the armature 3 or both.

Further, although in the embodiment, it is provided between the first magnetic coupling part 6 and the magnetic pole part 8 of the yoke 1, it may be provided between the second magnetic coupling part 5 and the contact/separation part 7 of the armature 3. , or may be provided on both.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The monostable electromagnet of claim +11 is provided with a permanent magnet provided between at least one of the first magnetic coupling part and the magnetic pole part of the yoke and between the second magnetic coupling part and the contact/separation part of the armature. Since at least one of the yoke and the armature is wrapped with a coil, it can be applied to a biased spring load without requiring an operating spring, and the attractive force of the permanent magnet in the operating direction can be used at the return position of the armature, resulting in high efficiency. The effect is that it can be done.

In the monostable electromagnet according to claim (2), since the second magnetic coupling part of the armature is pivotally supported by the first magnetic coupling part,
The swinging of the armature provides the same effect as described above.

In the monostable electromagnet of claim (3), since the second magnetic coupling part of the armature is slidably provided on the first magnetic coupling part, the stroke of the armature can be increased.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operating state, and Fig. 4 is the second embodiment. A perspective view of the example, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the third embodiment,
Fig. 6 is a front view of the fourth embodiment, Fig. 7 is a front view of the fifth embodiment, Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram of its operating state, and Fig. 9 is a side view of the sixth embodiment. be. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Yoke, 2... Coil, 3... Armature, 4... Permanent magnet, 5... Second magnetic coupling part, 6
...First magnetic coupling part, 7... Approaching and separating part, 8... Magnetic pole part 3 JjiR 1990 Patent Application No. 064911 3゜Relationship with Hanyu Who made the amendment 5゜Date of amendment order Voluntary amendment 6゜Number of claims increased by amendment (11th specification No. On page 11, line 14, "operating position" is corrected to "return position." (2) On page 16, line 4 of the specification, "armature J" is replaced with "Permanent magnet 4 is placed in the position of yoke 1." Although the magnetic coupling part 6 is provided between the first magnetic coupling part 6 and the magnetic pole part 8, it may be provided between the second magnetic coupling part 5 and the contact/separation part 7 of the armature 3, or may be provided in both. (3) From line 13 to line 16 on page 16 of the specification, delete the phrase ``Furthermore...''.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An armature that has a yoke having a first magnetic coupling part and a magnetic pole part, a second magnetic coupling part magnetically coupled to the first magnetic coupling part, and a contact part that approaches and separates from the magnetic pole part. and a permanent magnet magnetically coupled to at least one of the first magnetic coupling part and the magnetic pole part of the yoke and between the second magnetic coupling part and the contact/separation part of the armature. and a coil wound around at least one of the yoke and the armature. (2) The monostable electromagnet according to claim (1), wherein the second magnetic coupling part of the armature is pivotally supported by the first magnetic coupling part. (3) The monostable electromagnet according to claim (1), wherein the second magnetic coupling part of the armature is slidably provided on the first magnetic coupling part.