JPH03249686A - Holographic stereoscopic hard copy and its formation and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To use element holograms as a hard copy of a solid body by forming plural dot-shaped element holograms on the surface of a base material. CONSTITUTION:An image pattern is displayed on a liquid crystal panel 10 and its transmitted light is converged on a hologram surface through a lens 12. Reference light is made incident on this light convergence part 15 from the opposite direction and an interference fringe pattern formed with the reference light is recorded on the hologram surface 14 as dot-shaped element holograms. A hologram film is moved slightly in the longitudinal and lateral directions and exposed in order to obtain the dot-shaped element holograms on the entire surface of the hologram. In the recording of a holographic stereogram(HS), a light beam is converged in the same direction with original image pattern calculation and a Lippmann hologram is recorded. Consequently, the stereoscopic hard copy having a parallax vertically and horizontally can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Objective] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a holographic stereoscopic hard copy and a method and apparatus for producing the same.

(Prior Art) Today, three-dimensional image processing technology is widely used. For example, in the medical field, X $ ICT (Computed
Tom6graphy), MRI (Magneti
Three-dimensional information on the human body is collected using methods such as Re5onanceI aging) and is used for diagnosis and surgical planning. In addition, 3D CAD is used for architecture, product design, etc.
system is used. Currently, photographs such as two-dimensional tomographic images and projection images are used as hard copies that are output from these three-dimensional image processing systems. However, as a more efficient and easy-to-understand method, a hard copy that expresses three-dimensional objects using a two-dimensional object is desired.

The holographic nastereogram (H5) is the most excellent hard copy that can stereoscopically display three-dimensional objects processed and generated by a computer. H5 combines two-dimensional images of an object viewed from various angles into a single hologram, and is suitable for three-dimensional recording and display of imaginary objects.

However, the H8 method that satisfies the requirements for hard copies of three-dimensional objects has not been reported to date. With conventional methods, it is not possible to record vertical parallax, and the reconstructed image is distorted depending on the observation position. Furthermore, the two-step synthesis method cannot automatically record a hologram. As for the automatic synthesis method,
Multiplex hologram, Alcove Hol
Ogra cameras and others have been proposed, but these not only cannot record vertical parallax information, but also are cylindrical or semi-cylindrical and require a playback device for observation, making them difficult to use for boat fishing. Not suitable for hard copy.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, with the conventional method, it is not possible to record vertical parallax, and depending on the observation position, distortion may occur in the reconstructed image, or automatic stereoscopic There was a problem that holograms could not be recorded.

An object of the present invention is to provide a holographic stereoscopic hard copy that can be used as a hard copy of a three-dimensional object, and a method and apparatus for creating the same.

[Structure] (Means for Solving the Problems) The holographic three-dimensional hard copy of the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized by forming a plurality of dot-like element holograms on the surface of a base material. do.

Another holographic three-dimensional hard copy of the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized by comprising a holographic dry plate having a photosensitizer and a plurality of dot-like element holograms formed on the photosensitizer.

Further, the method for creating a holographic three-dimensional hard copy of the present invention to achieve the above object includes the steps of creating an original image corresponding to the coordinate position of the hologram dry plate, and displaying the original image corresponding to the coordinate position of the hologram dry plate. displaying on an apparatus; forming a dot-shaped element hologram corresponding to the original image on the hologram dry plate using an optical system; displaying the element hologram by sequentially moving the coordinate position of the hologram dry plate; and displaying the element hologram. The method further comprises a step of repeating the step of forming a plurality of dot-like element holograms on the hologram dry plate.

Furthermore, the holographic three-dimensional hard copy apparatus of the present invention to achieve the above object further includes a moving means for moving the hologram dry plate to a desired position, and an original image pattern corresponding to each point on the hologram dry plate from three-dimensional image data. a means for creating a desired original image, a display means for displaying the original image pattern, an optical system for forming a dot-shaped element hologram on the hologram dry plate corresponding to the original image pattern displayed on the display means, and a plurality of the element holograms formed. The present invention is characterized by comprising a developing means for developing the holographic dry plate, and a control means for controlling the moving means, the original image creating means, and the developing means to create a holographic three-dimensional hard copy.

Note that the display device may be a liquid crystal panel, and the base material is preferably a Lippmann hologram dry plate.

(Function) The holographic three-dimensional hard copy of the present invention is a flat type, can be synthesized in one step, and also records parallax information in the vertical direction, so that a three-dimensional image can be accurately recorded and displayed. In the method of the present invention, dot-shaped element holograms are sequentially recorded on the surface of a base material, and can be recorded in a manner similar to a conventional dot printer. Therefore,
The method of the present invention is optimal for realizing a 3-D printer as a hard copy machine for three-dimensional data.

(Example) Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the principle of the present invention will be described with reference to a case where a Lippmann type hologram is used.

The method of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is similar to the method of recording parallax information in the multiplex hologram shown in FIG. In contrast to recording only
The method of the present invention records parallax information also in the vertical direction. This uses a thick hologram to form a Lippmann hologram, giving wavelength selectivity to the reproduced light, and also reproduces parallax in the vertical direction with white light illumination.

The optical system used in the method of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. An image pattern created by a computer is displayed on a liquid crystal panel 10, and the transmitted light is focused on a hologram surface (hologram dry plate) 14 via a lens 12. A reference light is made to enter the light condensing section 16 from the opposite direction, and an interference fringe pattern with the reference light is recorded on the hologram surface 14 as a dot-shaped element hologram. Then, the hologram film is moved slightly in the vertical and horizontal directions and exposed sequentially to expose dot-like element holograms on the entire surface of the hologram.

The original image pattern displayed on the liquid crystal panel 10 is created by perspective projection transformation, as shown in FIG. The center point of projection is the point on the hologram surface 14 that exposes the pattern 10, and the range of the calculated light ray is determined by the aperture and focal length of the lens 12 in the optical system shown in FIG.

The difference from the general computer graphics method is that the center point of projection and viewpoint are different, so hidden surface removal processing is performed with the right side in front in FIG. 4. This is to calculate the direction and intensity of a ray of light that passes through a certain point on the hologram surface 14 among the rays of light reflected from an object.

In HS recording, light rays are focused in the same direction as when calculating the original image pattern, and are recorded as a Lippmann hologram. The hologram film is moved vertically and horizontally,
As shown in FIG. 4, the entire surface of the hologram 14 is exposed to light.

Next, the principle of the hologram reproduction method of the present invention will be explained. When the HS recorded in this manner is reproduced, the light beams from each point on the hologram surface 14 are correctly reproduced, and a three-dimensional image can be observed, as shown in FIG. In other words, using the hologram 14 as a window, the direction and intensity of all the light beams that pass through the window are accurately recorded and reproduced. Therefore, with the method of the present invention, it is possible to reproduce a stereoscopic image with no distortion at all.

Next, referring to FIG. 6, the 1-step Lippmann H5
The three-dimensional image creation system will be specifically explained.

FIG. 6 shows the specific configuration of the system. A laser beam from a helium-neon laser 20 is separated into an object beam and a reference beam by a beam splitter 22.

The object light becomes parallel light through the lens 24, illuminates the liquid crystal panel 10, and is modulated by the liquid crystal panel 10. The modulated object light passes through a lens 26, a slit 28, a lens 30, and a mirror 32, and then passes through a spherical lens 3 with a large power.
4, and by this lens 34 the hologram surface 14
The light is focused on the top. The lens 26, the slit 28, and further the lens 30 constitute a spatial filtering system for removing the matrix structure of the liquid crystal panel 10. The hologram dry plate 14 is fixed to an XY pulse stage 36,
It can be moved vertically and horizontally. While changing the information on the liquid crystal panel 10, the XY pulse stage 36 is moved to form a dot-shaped elemental hologram on the entire surface of the hologram 14. The entire system is controlled by a personal computer. Note that, as the photosensitive material used for the hologram dry plate 14, for example, a silver salt photosensitive material is used.

In the above embodiment, the liquid crystal panel 10 was used as the spatial light modulator used to modulate the laser beam according to the original image pattern, but in order to be used in this system, the number of pixels must be 256 x 256 or more. , a spatial modulator that can express 8-bit gradations and display images with low noise even under coherent light illumination is preferable. Further, although a silver salt photosensitive material is used as the photosensitive material, a polymeric photosensitive material may also be used in order to record a Lippmann hologram with high image quality.

H5 according to the present invention has the following features.

(1) It is possible to create parallax in the horizontal and vertical directions, and a three-dimensional image can be displayed accurately.

(2) Real colorization is basically possible by using a Lippmann type hologram.

(3) Synthesis can be performed using a small device without using special optical components such as cylindrical lenses.

(4) When creating a large hologram, it is sufficient to use exactly the same optical system and increase the number of exposure points.

(5) Since the light beam is condensed and used, the power of the light source can be used effectively, and a high degree of stability of the optical system is not required.

(6) Since it can be synthesized in one step, it can be used in automatic systems.

Next, an embodiment of a holographic three-dimensional hard copy apparatus (printer) according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

Using H3 of the present invention, it is possible to realize a practical holographic printer that outputs a hard copy of a fictitious three-dimensional object. FIG. 7 shows the system. This printer is used for images like a three-dimensional version of a video or printer. The operator can obtain a three-dimensional hard copy of the three-dimensional object by observing the three-dimensional object from various angles on the monitor and setting the output direction.

In step A of FIG. 8, three-dimensional image data is input to the host computer 40. Next, in step B, the hologram dry plate 14 is moved by the film movement controller 46 to set the hologram dry plate 14 at a desired position. Next, in step C, the graphic
The processor 42 calculates an original image pattern for exposing each point of the hologram from the original three-dimensional data and stores it in the frame memory 44 . Next, in step D, the original pattern is displayed on the liquid crystal panel 10. In step E, the shutter of the optical system 48 is opened to expose the liquid crystal panel 10 to light. The laser beam extracted from the laser device 20 is divided into an object beam and a reference beam, and the object beam is modulated by the original pattern of the liquid crystal panel 10 and
4 and forms one element hologram together with the reference light.

The hologram dry plate 14 is sequentially moved by the film movement controller 46 in step F, and then in step G.
The hologram surface 14 is exposed to light so as to fill it up. After that, in step H, the hologram 14
The developing process is performed by the developing machine 50, and a hologram is automatically created. The graphics fountain processor 42, film movement controller and developer 50 are controlled by the CPU.

By using such a holographic/3D printer system, it is possible to create 3D hard copies completely automatically, and holograms can be widely used as hard copies of 3D objects. .

The invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[Effects] The holographic stereoscopic hard copy according to the present invention has
Since a plurality of minute dot-shaped element holograms having three-dimensional image information are formed, a three-dimensional hard copy having parallax also in the vertical direction can be obtained. Furthermore, since the image can be reproduced using dot-like element holograms, there is no restriction on the size of the hologram, and there is no unevenness over the entire surface of the hologram.

According to the production method of the present invention, a three-dimensional hard copy can be produced using one optical system, and an automatic hard copy system can be realized. Furthermore, since laser light can be used effectively and the exposure time is short, it is not affected by external vibrations.

According to the hologram creation device (printer) of the present invention, a holographic three-dimensional hard copy can be automatically created.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are diagrams explaining the principles of a conventional multiplex hologram and a hologram according to the present invention, respectively. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the optical system of a one-step Lippmann BS according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram explaining the method for creating the original image pattern used in the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the holographic printer system of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the holographic printer system of FIG. 7. 10...LCD panel, 12, 24, 26, 30°34
...Lens, 14...Hologram surface, 16...Condenser, 20...Laser, 22...Beam splitter, 28...Slit, 32...Mirror 36...
XY stage, 40... host computer, 42...
...Graphic processor, 44...Frame memory, 46...Film moving controller/troller, 8...Optical system, 0...Developing machine

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A holographic three-dimensional hard copy characterized by forming a plurality of element holograms in the form of dots on the surface of a base material. (2) A holographic three-dimensional hard copy characterized by comprising a holographic dry plate having a photosensitizer and a plurality of element holograms in the form of dots formed on the photosensitizer. (3) creating an original image corresponding to the coordinate position of the hologram dry plate; displaying the original image corresponding to the coordinate position of the hologram dry plate on a display device; and displaying the original image on the hologram dry plate using an optical system. A plurality of dot-like element holograms are formed on the hologram dry plate by repeating the steps of forming corresponding dot-like element holograms, sequentially moving the coordinate positions of the hologram dry plate to display the above, and forming the element holograms. A method for producing a holographic three-dimensional hard copy, comprising the steps of: forming a holographic three-dimensional hard copy; (4) a moving means for moving the hologram dry plate to a desired position; an original image creation means for determining an original image pattern corresponding to each point on the hologram dry plate from three-dimensional image data; and a display means for displaying the original image pattern; an optical system for forming a dot-like element hologram on the hologram dry plate corresponding to the original image pattern displayed on the display means; a developing means for developing the hologram dry plate on which a plurality of the element holograms are formed; the moving means; A holographic three-dimensional hard copy apparatus comprising an original image creating means and a control means for controlling the developing means to create a holographic three-dimensional hard copy. (5) The holographic stereoscopic hard copy device according to claim 4, wherein the display device is a liquid crystal panel. (6) The holographic three-dimensional hard copy according to claim 2, wherein the hologram dry plate is a Lippmann hologram dry plate.