JPH03249075A - Method and device for elevator stoppage control - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the stoppage action characteristics of an elevator box by enabling a plurality of brake characteristics to be generated by an electromagnetic brake device, and switching the brake characteristics between a normal stoppage and an emergency stoppage, or based on elevator operation conditions for the emergency stoppage. CONSTITUTION:A control part 9 controls and drives a motor 6 by taking outputs of a speed detector 10 and outputs of a mounted quantity detector 11 for an elevator box 1 as feedback inputs, and it also controls an electromagnetic brake device 7. In case of an emergency stoppage, when the total weight of the box is smaller than a balance weight 2, braking action is performed more quickly than at the time of a normal stoppage, while if the total weight of the box is larger than the balance weight 2, the braking action is performed more slowly than at the normal stoppage. The stoppage action of the elevator box can thus be stabilized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an elevator stop control method and a stop control device.

[Conventional technology]

The elevator has a hoisting machine located in a machine room formed at the top of the hoistway. This hoisting machine consists of a sheave on which a car and a counterweight are hung in a hanging shape by winding a rope around it, an electric motor that drives this sheave, and a parallel shaft gear reduction gear that is interposed between this electric motor and the sheave. and an electromagnetic brake device installed using the input shaft of this reducer.

To operate the elevator, first turn on the power switch SWI of the electromagnetic brake device to excite its coil, put the electromagnetic brake device in an operating state to release its brake, drive the electric motor controlled by the control device, and start the reduction gear. Sheave through, drive the car. The elevator is stopped using an electromagnetic brake system, which uses an electric motor to reduce the speed of the car and bring it to a zero (stopped) state. 7's power switch SWI is shut off, its coil 20 is demagnetized, and the electromagnetic brake device [7 is brought into a state where the brake is applied. The friction force generated by this electromagnetic brake device, that is, the braking force, holds the car stationary. .

The above-mentioned elevator stop is a normal situation, but in the case of an emergency stop, the power to the electric motor is cut off while the car is running, and the power switch SWI of the electromagnetic brake device is cut off to reduce the braking force. and stop it. That is, the elevator in operation is directly stopped by the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device.

Incidentally, the counterweight of an elevator is generally set so as to be balanced when the car is loaded with approximately 50% of the rated load capacity. Therefore, the elevator has four combinations of operating conditions depending on the loading amount (that is, the positive and negative directions of the load torque) and the operating direction (ascending, descending). In other words, it is a four-quadrant operation.

For this reason, in an emergency stop of an elevator, depending on the operation quadrant, it may be difficult to stop and the braking distance and time will be long, or conversely, it may be easy to stop and the braking distance and time may be short. In other words, (1) When the load is less than 50% (the counterweight is heavier than the total weight on the car side) and the load is 50%.
% or more (the total weight on the car side is heavier than the counterweight), it is relatively difficult to stop during descending operation, and the braking distance and time become longer.

(2) During upward operation when the loading capacity is 50% or more and when the loading capacity is 50%
It is relatively easy to stop when driving downwards, and the braking distance and time are shortened.

Therefore, in the case of (1) above, there is a risk that the car will overrun and collide with the upper or lower end. Moreover, in the case of (2) above, the brake deceleration becomes large and a large deceleration force is applied to the passenger, which poses a problem.

Therefore, in the case of (1) above, the braking operation of the electromagnetic brake device is accelerated to shorten the braking distance and time. In the case of (2) above, it is necessary to delay the braking operation of the electromagnetic brake device to lengthen the braking distance and time and reduce the braking deceleration.

By the way, a conventional electromagnetic brake device and a method for speeding up its braking operation are configured as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-49137.

Further, as another conventional technique, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-72583 can be mentioned.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The former conventional technology mentioned above takes into account the need to speed up the braking action of the electromagnetic brake device, but
On the other hand, no consideration was given to slowing down the speed, and when used as an electromagnetic brake device for an elevator-hoisting machine, there was a problem in terms of the stability of the car stopping operation during an emergency stop. Furthermore, the former method of speeding up the braking operation of the electromagnetic brake device of the prior art is to restore the armature's elastic body (spring constant k) by the armature's displacement (δ) when the brake of this electromagnetic brake device is released. It depends on the force (kδ). Therefore, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic brake device needs to attract the armature against the braking spring and armature elastic body. However, when the coil excitation voltage of the electromagnet decreases, the electromagnetic attraction force decreases, making it impossible to completely attract the armature, resulting in a non-attraction state.

Furthermore, the latter prior art deals with the technical problem at the time of starting the elevator, and is a technical idea established in relation to an electric motor, and does not disclose the technical problem of emergency stop at all.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator stop control method and a stop control device that improve the stopping operation characteristics of a car during an emergency stop of the elevator.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an elevator stop control method and stop control device in which means for speeding up the braking operation of the electromagnetic brake device does not affect the suction operation of the electromagnet of the electromagnetic brake device.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above purpose, the electromagnetic brake device is capable of generating multiple braking characteristics (braking time, braking distance, braking force, etc.). 1. It can be switched between normal stops and valve-top stops, and even during emergency stops. , which is switched depending on the operating conditions of the elevator.

In order to achieve the other objects mentioned above, the electromagnetic brake device is designed so that adjustment can be made using a discharge circuit of a coil of the electromagnetic brake device.

That is, the present invention includes a process of determining whether an emergency stop or a normal stop is to be performed when operating an electromagnetic brake device to stop an elevator, a process of determining whether a car is in ascending or descending operation, and a process of determining whether the car is in ascending or descending operation. A process for determining whether the total weight is larger or smaller than the counterweight, and a means for applying the brake more rapidly than during a normal stop when the car is in upward operation during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is as small as above is selected. the process of selecting a means to apply the brake at a slower speed than during a normal stop when the car is in upward operation during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned value; and the process when the car is in a downward operation during an emergency stop. a step of selecting a means for slowing down the braking operation when the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned small value, and a process of selecting a means to apply the brake at a slower speed than during a normal stop; and a process of selecting a means to apply the brake at a slower speed than during a normal stop when the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned value; A method for controlling an elevator stop, including the step of selecting a means for rapidly applying the brake.

The control method preferably includes the step of determining whether or not the emergency stop is due to a power outage, and selecting means for applying the brake at a slower speed when the emergency stop is due to a power outage than during a normal stop. Also, it is preferable to select a means for applying the brake to a normal operation when the vehicle is stopped normally.

The present invention also provides an electromagnetic brake device that acts on a drive means for moving the car up and down to stop the up and down movement of the car, and a weight determination device that determines whether the total weight of the car is larger or smaller than a counterweight. , a vertical motion determining means for determining whether the movement of the car is upward or downward, a command signal from an emergency stop command generating means, and each output signal from the weight determining means and vertical motion determining means, and the electromagnetic brake device; The following (1) to (4)
) (1) When the car is raised during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned value, the brake is applied more rapidly than during a normal stop; (2) When the car is raised during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is below (3) When the car is in a descending state during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is small, the brake is applied at a slower speed than during a normal stop when the weight is as high as above. Make it rapid.

(4) Brake control means for performing one of the following operations: when the car is in a descending operation during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned amount, the brake is applied at a slower speed than during a normal stop. This is an elevator stop control device.

In the stop control device, the brake control means includes a control section that receives an emergency stop command signal, a car weight determination signal, and a vertical movement determination signal and outputs a control signal, and receives a control signal from the control section. to the electromagnetic brake device (
It is preferable that the brake control means be comprised of a brake operation switching means that performs the operations described in 1) to (4) above, and the brake control means is connected to a power outage detection unit, so that during a power outage, the braking operation is slower than when the brake is normally stopped. It is better to have a means to speed up the process. In addition, the brake operation switching means has three switchable circuits in which the series resistance with the coil in the discharge circuit during the braking operation of the electromagnetic brake device is the resistance value at normal stop, and each resistance value larger and smaller than that. It is good that it is something that can be achieved. Alternatively, a part of the resistor may be replaced with a capacitor. Preferably, the brake operation switching means is configured to have three discharge time constants, one when the coil discharge circuit of the electromagnetic brake device is normally stopped, one larger and one smaller, and which are switchable.

[Effect]

During an emergency stop, the braking characteristics of the electromagnetic brake device are switched from those of a normal stop.In operating conditions where the elevator is difficult to stop, the braking action of the electromagnetic brake device can be made faster to apply the brake force more quickly, reducing the braking distance and time. On the other hand, under operating conditions in which the elevator is likely to stop, if the braking action of the electromagnetic brake device is delayed, the braking force will be applied later, increasing the braking distance and time, reducing the braking deceleration, and causing excessive deceleration force to the passengers. is not added. Therefore, almost the same stable stopping operation characteristics of the car can be obtained under any operating conditions.

Further, in order to speed up the braking operation of the electromagnetic brake device, adjustment can be made using the discharge circuit of the coil, so that it does not affect the attraction operation of the electromagnet.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. A car 1 and a counterweight 2 are connected by a rope 3 and suspended from a sheave 4 in a hanging shape. The sheave 4 is coupled to a drive motor 6 via a parallel shaft gear reducer 5. Further, the electromagnetic brake device 7 is coupled to the input shaft 8 of the reduction gear 5, and includes the sheave 4, the reduction gear 5, the electric motor 6, and the electromagnetic brake group! 7 is braked, and the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are braked and held.

The control unit 9 controls and drives the electric motor 6 and also controls the electromagnetic brake device 7 using the output of the speed detector (pulse encoder) 10 and the output of the car load detector 11 as feedback inputs.

The speed detector 10 detects not only the speed of the elevator but also the operating direction (upward, downward) of the elevator, and the load amount detector 11 detects the amount of load in the car 1. Further, when the elevator is about to stop, the control unit 9 also controls the operation requirements of the elevator at that time, that is, an emergency stop command 9M, a power failure detection command 9T, and the speed detector 10.
The electromagnetic brake device 7 is controlled based on the driving direction and the load amount information from the load amount detector 11.

The electromagnetic brake device 7 is constructed as shown in detail in FIG. 2. That is, a brake body 12 having a through hole 12H in the center is fixed to the outside of the reducer box 5B through which the input shaft 8 of the reducer 5 passes, so as to be concentric with the input shaft 8. A spline boss 13 having a spline formed on its outer periphery is fixed on the input shaft 8 in the through hole 12H of the brake body 12. A disk 14 is spline-coupled to the spline boss 13 so as to be movable only in the axial direction. A lining 15 is provided on both sides of the outer circumference of the disc 14, and one of the linings 15 faces the end surface of the brake body 12. The braking body 1
2 has a plurality of guide pins 16 erected along the axial direction from its outer periphery, and the armature 17 is guided by the guide pins 16 and moves in the axial direction, so as to face the other side of the lining 15. It has become. This armature 17 is formed on a disk, and the input shaft 8 is located at the center of the armature 17.
It has a through hole 17H that passes through it, and a guide hole 18 that passes through the guide pin 16 is bored on the outer peripheral side. Further, on the opposite side of the armature 17 from the lining 15, an annularly formed iron core 19 is disposed so as to be concentric with the input shaft 8, and an electromagnet with an annular coil 20 mounted inside the iron core 19. 21 are arranged.

The brake spring 22 is housed in a spring storage hole 23 provided on the outer diameter side of the iron core 19, one end of which contacts the bottom of the spring storage hole 23, and the other end of which contacts the outer diameter side of the armature 17. The armature 17 is pressed against the lining 15 side.

In the electromagnetic brake device 7 having the above configuration, the armature 17 is normally moved toward the brake body 12 by the pressing force of the brake spring 22, and in this state, the brake body 12 and the armature 1
7 and the lining 15, the disc 14 is compressed.

That is, the force of the braking spring 22 and the lining 1
5 and the friction coefficient between the brake body 12 and the armature 17, a frictional force, that is, a braking force is generated. Therefore, the input shaft 8, which is spline-coupled to the disc 14, is stopped from rotating. This will brake and hold car 1. When the car 1 is raised or lowered, the coil 2
When 0 is excited, the armature 17 is attracted by the electromagnet 21, and a gap is created between the armature 17 and the lining 15, allowing the disc 14 to rotate.

That is, switch SW1 in FIG. 1 is turned on (switch S
W2 is in the OFF state), the coil 2o is excited, the electromagnetic brake device 7 is released, and the input shaft 8 becomes rotatable.

When the switch SW1 is turned off, the coil 20 is demagnetized and the input shaft 8 is braked and held.

In this case, at the same time as the switch SW1 is shut off, the switch SW1 is shut off.
2 is turned on, and the brake operation switching means 24 is connected. This brake operation switching means 24 has a normal brake application means 25 and an emergency brake application means 26. In response to an elevator stop command 9S from the control section 9, the normal brake application means 25 operates during a normal stop, and the emergency brake application means 25 operates when the elevator stops normally. When the vehicle is stopped, the emergency brake applying means 26 is operated using a changeover switch 27.

The electromagnetic brake group! 17 brake operation switching means 24
The control is performed using the microcomputer in the control section 9, and the processing method is shown in the flowchart of FIG.

The overall flow in Figure 3 is that the elevator determines or detects the standard operating requirements of emergency stop, power outage, direction of operation, and load capacity, and executes processing in response to each condition. There is.

First, in step 101, it is determined whether or not the elevator is in an emergency stop, and if the answer is YES, the process proceeds to step 108. Emergency stop due to power outage in step 108 (YES)
If so, proceed to step 106.

If the emergency stop is not due to a power outage (No), proceed to steps 1 and 2. Next, in step 102, the driving direction is determined, and if it is upward driving (YES), the process proceeds to step 103, where descending driving (
If NO), the process advances to step 104. Then, the loading capacity of the car 1 is determined in steps 103 and 104, and if the loading capacity is less than 50% (YES) in step 103, the emergency brake application means 26 is selected in step 105 to speed up the braking operation. ” process and step 1
If the loading capacity is 50% or more (NO) in 03, step 1
06 is executed to select the emergency brake application means 26 and slow down the brake application operation.

Similarly, if YES in step 104, step 106
If the answer is NO, the process of step 105 is executed. If it is determined in step 101 that it is a normal stop (NO), the process proceeds to step 107 and the normal brake applying means 25 is
, and process and execute the "normal stop braking operation".

In other words, by applying 5N for an emergency stop of the elevator, the brake application speed is increased when the elevator is operating upwards when the load capacity is less than 50%, and when operating downwards when the load capacity is 50% or more, and when the elevator is operating upwards when the load capacity is 50% or more, the brake application speed is increased. When the amount is less than 50%, the braking operation is slowed down during descending operation and during a power outage, and these operations can be switched as described below. The reason for slowing down the braking action during an emergency stop during a power outage is to reduce the sense of fear. That is,
In the event of a power outage, the lights inside the car 1 go out, increasing the sense of fear among the passengers, so in order to eliminate this sense of fear as much as possible, the train is brought to a slow stop.

Next, an example of a method for speeding up or slowing down the braking action is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. 28 is a DC power supply, S
WI to SW4 are switches, and SWl and SW2 are the same as those shown in FIG.

R1-R3 are resistors.The starting operation of the electromagnetic brake device 7 is to turn on SWI (switch SW2 is off, switches SW3 and SW4 can be either one), and the coil 20
Excite. Also, the action of applying the brakes should be made faster in normal situations and in emergency situations. There are three ways to slow down the process, and each will be explained below.

As shown in Figure 5, normally the switch SWI is turned OFF.
At the same time, the switches SW2 and SW4 are turned on, and the switch SW3 is turned off.

That is, a discharge circuit including the coil 20 and the resistors R1 and R2 is formed. To speed up the braking action in an emergency, turn off the switch SWI and turn off the switch S.
Turn on W2 and turn off switches SW3 and SW4. That is, a discharge circuit including the coil 20 and resistors R1, R2, and R3 is formed. Furthermore, in case of an emergency, to slow down the braking operation, turn off the switch SWI and turn off the switch SW2. SW2. Turn on SW3.

That is, coil 20. A discharge circuit of resistor R1 is formed.

By the way, the discharge time constant T of a series circuit of inductance and resistance R is generally expressed as T=L/R (1). That is, if the inductance of the coil 20 is L, then the discharge time constant TN for normal braking operation is calculated from equation (1). , the discharge time constant when slowing down is TL
Then, it becomes 1. Therefore, since the resistances R1 to R3 have finite values, TF<TN<TL (5),
The braking operation of the electromagnetic disc brake device 7 can be made variable, such as faster or slower.

That is, the magnitude of the discharge time constant is related to the operation of the armature 17 of the electromagnetic brake device 7 shown in FIG. The smaller the time constant, the faster the braking force acts, resulting in a braking characteristic that shortens the braking distance and time of the car 1. Furthermore, the larger the discharge time constant is, the slower the braking force is applied, resulting in a braking characteristic in which the braking distance and time of the car 1 become longer.

In addition, speeding up the brake application operation as described above does not affect the brake activation operation that attracts the armature 17 by the electromagnet 21.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, in place of the resistor R3 in the embodiment of the present invention, a suitable capacitor C may be connected to speed up the braking operation. The effect is similar.

Note that when starting the electromagnetic brake device 7 (when switch SW1 is ON), when SW3 is OFF and SW4 is ON, S
When turning on W2, the resistors R1 and R2 are adjusted so that the current flowing through the resistors R1 and R2 is tolerably small.
is set, the switch SW2 may be left in the conductive state.

As explained above, according to this embodiment, the elevator
During an emergency stop, under driving conditions where it is difficult to stop, the braking action is accelerated to shorten the braking distance by one hour, and under driving conditions where it is easy to stop, the braking action is slowed down to lengthen the braking distance and time. This has the effect of stabilizing the stopping operation of the car. In addition, we have made it possible to speed up the braking operation by using the discharge circuit of the electromagnet coil so that it does not affect the attraction operation of the electromagnet, which has the effect of preventing a half-attraction state even if the excitation voltage of the coil decreases. be.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, during an emergency stop of the elevator,
Under driving conditions where it is difficult to stop, the brake application is accelerated to shorten the braking distance and time, and under driving conditions where it is easy to stop, the brake application is slowed down and the braking distance and time are lengthened. It has the effect of stabilizing the In addition, the braking operation is accelerated by the discharge circuit of the electromagnet coil so that it does not affect the attraction operation of the electromagnet, which has the effect of preventing a half-attraction state even if the excitation voltage of the coil decreases.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the electromagnetic brake device shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the braking operation shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a coil excitation and discharge circuit diagram of the electromagnetic brake device shown in Fig. 5
This figure is a diagram explaining the switch operation and discharge time constant of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 showing another embodiment. 1... Car, 7... Electromagnetic brake device, 9...
Control unit, 30... Hoisting machine, 24... Brake operation switching means, 25.26... Brake application means, 20...
・Coil, R1-R3...Resistor, C...Capacitor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A step of determining whether an emergency stop or a normal stop occurs when an electromagnetic brake device is operated to stop an elevator; a step of determining whether a car is in an ascending operation or a descending operation; A process for determining whether the total weight of the car is larger or smaller than the counterweight, and a method for applying the brake more rapidly than when the car is at a normal stop when the car is raised during an emergency stop and the car's total weight is the above-mentioned small is selected. a process of selecting a means to apply the brake at a slower speed than during a normal stop when the car is in upward operation during an emergency stop and the car's total weight is the above-mentioned value; and a process in which the car is in a downward operation during an emergency stop. A process of selecting a means to apply the brake at a slower speed than during a normal stop when the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned small value, and a normal stop when the car is in a descending operation during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned value. A method for controlling the stop of an elevator, the method comprising: selecting a means for rapidly applying the brakes from time to time. 2. Elevator stop control according to claim 1, comprising the step of determining whether the emergency stop is due to a power outage or not, and selecting a means for applying the brake at a slower speed in the case of an emergency stop due to a power outage than in a normal stop. Method. 3. The elevator stop control method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the elevator is stopped normally, a means for applying the brake is changed to the normal action. 4. An electromagnetic brake device that acts on the drive means for moving the car up and down to stop the up and down movement of the car, a weight determination device that determines whether the total weight of the car is larger or smaller than the counterweight, and The electromagnetic brake device receives the command signal from the vertical motion determining means for determining whether the movement is upward or downward, the command signal from the emergency stop command generating means, and the output signals from the weight determining means and the vertical motion determining means as follows (1). ) ~ (4) (1) When the car is raised during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is small, the brake is applied more rapidly than during a normal stop. (2) When the car is raised during an emergency stop. (3) When the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned amount, the brake is applied at a slower speed than during a normal stop. (3) When the car is in a descending operation during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned amount, the brake is applied more slowly than during a normal stop. (4) When the car is descending during an emergency stop and the total weight of the car is the above-mentioned amount, the brake is applied more slowly than during a normal stop. An elevator stop control device comprising: a brake control means; 5. In claim 4, the brake control means includes a control section that outputs a control signal in response to an emergency stop command signal, a car weight discrimination signal, and a vertical movement discrimination signal, and a control section that receives a control signal from the control section. The electromagnetic brake device includes (1) to
An elevator stop control device comprising a brake operation switching means for performing the operation (4). 6. The elevator stop control device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the brake control means is connected to a power outage detection section, and comprises means for slowing down the brake application speed during a power outage compared to a normal stop. 7. In claim 5 or 6, the brake operation switching means has a resistance in series with the coil in the discharge circuit during the braking operation of the electromagnetic brake device, which has a resistance value at a normal stop, a resistance value larger than the resistance value, and a resistance value smaller than the resistance value. Elevator stop control device consisting of a street switchable circuit. 8. The elevator stop control device according to claim 7, wherein a part of the resistor is replaced with a capacitor. 9. In claim 5 or 6, the brake operation switching means is configured to switch when the coil discharge circuit of the electromagnetic brake device is normally stopped;
An elevator stop control device comprising three types of discharge time constants, larger and smaller, and which are switchable.