JPH03242293A - Anaerobic bacteria immobilizing gel and production thereof - Google Patents
Anaerobic bacteria immobilizing gel and production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03242293A JPH03242293A JP2040707A JP4070790A JPH03242293A JP H03242293 A JPH03242293 A JP H03242293A JP 2040707 A JP2040707 A JP 2040707A JP 4070790 A JP4070790 A JP 4070790A JP H03242293 A JPH03242293 A JP H03242293A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gel
- anaerobic bacteria
- sodium
- dissolved oxygen
- base material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[K+].[K+] DPLVEEXVKBWGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- HYTYHTSMCRDHIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-sulfanylacetate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)CS HYTYHTSMCRDHIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thioglycolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CS GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940046307 sodium thioglycolate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- IVGPGQSSDLDOLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;10-oxido-7-oxophenoxazin-10-ium-3-olate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(=O)C=C2OC3=CC([O-])=CC=C3[N+]([O-])=C21 IVGPGQSSDLDOLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000202974 Methanobacterium Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011942 biocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- QIJRTFXNRTXDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-carboxy-2-sulfanylethyl)azanium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl.SCC(N)C(O)=O QIJRTFXNRTXDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000203390 Methanogenium Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960001305 cysteine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000193171 Clostridium butyricum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001478240 Coccus Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 Evokin Jugetsuji Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000202987 Methanobrevibacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000204639 Methanohalobium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000205017 Methanolobus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000204677 Methanosphaera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000205011 Methanothrix Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940023476 agar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068479 potassium sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079101 sodium sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940001482 sodium sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
Ａ の１
本発明は、嫌気性菌を高い活性を保持したまま固定化し
た嫌気性菌固定化ゲルおよびその製造方法に関する。本
発明の嫌気性菌固定化ゲルは嫌気性処理・嫌気性反応等
のりアクタ−に供するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A.1 The present invention relates to an anaerobic bacteria-immobilized gel in which anaerobic bacteria are immobilized while maintaining high activity, and a method for producing the same. The anaerobic bacteria-immobilized gel of the present invention is used for adhesive agents such as anaerobic treatment and anaerobic reactions.
Ｂ 従来の技術
近年、酵素、微生物などの生体触媒を固定化して、その
機能を効率よく利用する研究が行なわれている。B. Prior art In recent years, research has been conducted to immobilize biocatalysts such as enzymes and microorganisms to efficiently utilize their functions.
生体触媒を固定化する方法の一つに、高分子素材を用い
て生体触媒をそのまま包み込む包括固定化法であり、こ
の方法によく用いられる高分子素材として、寒天、アル
ギン酸塩、カラギーナン、キチン、キトサン、ポリアク
リルアミド、ポリエチレングリコール、エボキン樹月旨
、ポリビニルアルコール、光硬化性樹脂等がある。包括
固定の方法としては、高分子水溶液中に微生物を分散混
合させたのち、それぞれの高分子に応じた方法でゲル化
させる。特に、ポリビニルアルコール（ＰＶＡ）を担体
に用い７２例が種々あるが、凍結−融解によるゲル化法
は特開昭６４−４３１８８号に提案されている。また、
ＰＶＡのホウ酸によるゲル化担体は特公昭８３−５０７
３号に示されている。One of the methods for immobilizing biocatalysts is the entrapping immobilization method, in which the biocatalyst is wrapped in a polymeric material. Examples of polymeric materials commonly used in this method include agar, alginate, carrageenan, chitin, Examples include chitosan, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, Evokin Jugetsuji, polyvinyl alcohol, and photocurable resin. As a method of comprehensive immobilization, microorganisms are dispersed and mixed in an aqueous polymer solution, and then gelled using a method suitable for each polymer. In particular, there are various examples using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a carrier, and a gelation method by freezing and thawing is proposed in JP-A-64-43188. Also,
Gelation carrier of PVA with boric acid was published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1983-507.
It is shown in No. 3.
ＰＶＡのホウ酸によるゲル化により嫌気性菌を包括固定
化した研究報告が、用水と廃水（ｖｏｌＪ。A research report on comprehensive immobilization of anaerobic bacteria by gelation of PVA with boric acid is published in Water and Wastewater (vol. J.
Ｎｏ、６．１９８８年、 ９．３６〜４２）および第２
３回水質汚局学会講演集（ｐ、４２７〜４２８．１９８
９年）に報告されている。前者は、初期固定化汚泥濃度
が１％のとき、嫌気性菌のメタン発酵活性が発現するま
で、１４０日もかかつている。後者は、ろ床法と同一の
活性か発現するまで５〜１０倍もの時間を要する。これ
では、固定化された活性のある菌を即座に利用すること
ができないという問題点があった。No. 6.1988, 9.36-42) and 2nd
Proceedings of the 3rd Water Pollution Society Conference (p. 427-428.198)
It was reported in 2010). In the former case, when the initial immobilized sludge concentration is 1%, it takes 140 days for the anaerobic bacteria to develop methane fermentation activity. The latter method takes 5 to 10 times longer to develop the same activity as the filter bed method. This poses a problem in that immobilized active bacteria cannot be used immediately.
Ｃ１発明か解決しようとする課題
上記のよう？こ、嫌気性菌をゲル担体に固定化する場合
、分散混合やゲル化の過程で、溶存酸素あるいは高い酸
化還元電位により菌が死滅する。特に、偏性嫌気、性菌
でうるメタノサルシス（Ｍｅｔｈ−ａｎｏｓａｒｃｉｎ
ａ） 、メタノコツカス（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｔｈｒｉｘ）
、メタノブラナス（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ）Ｉａｎｕｓ）
、メタノバクリウム（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｓｐｉｒｉｌｌｕ
ｍ） 、メタノミフロピラム（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｍｉｃｒ
ｏｂｉｕｍ） 、メタノゲニウム（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｇｅ
ｎｉｕｍ） 、メタノコツカス（！！１ｅｔｈａｎｏ−
ｃｏｃｃｕｓ） 、メタノサルシス（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｔ
ｈｅｒｍｕｓ）、メタノバクテリウム（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏ
ｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ） 、メタノブレビバクター（Ｍｅ
ｔｈａｎｏｂｒｏｖｉｂａｃｔｅｒ） 、メタノスフイ
ーラ（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｓｐｈａｅｒａ） 、メタノロー
パス（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌｏｂｕｓ） 、メタノココデス
（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏ−ｃｏｃｃｏｄｅｓ） 、メタノバク
テリウム（Ｍｅｔｈａｎ。C1 Invention or problem to be solved as above? When anaerobic bacteria are immobilized on a gel carrier, the bacteria are killed by dissolved oxygen or high redox potential during the dispersion mixing and gelation processes. In particular, Meth-anosarcin is an obligately anaerobic and sexually transmitted bacteria.
a) , Methanothrix
, Methanol Ianus)
, Methanobacrium (Methanospirilla)
m), Methanomiflopyram (Methanomicr)
obium), Methanogenium (Methanogenium)
nium), Methanokotsucus (!!1ethano-
coccus), Methanosarcosis (Methanot)
hermus), Methanobacterium (Methano
bacterium), Methanobrevibacter (Me
thanobrovibacter), Methanosphaera, Methanolobus, Methano-coccodes, Methanobacterium.
ｈａｌｏｐｈｉｌｌｕｓ） 、メタノコ−バスキュラム
（Ｍｅｔｈ−ａｎｏｃｏｒｐａｓｃｕｌｕｍ） 、メタ
ノローパス（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏ−ｈａｌｏｂｉｕｍ） 、
バチルス アミロバクター（１３ａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ａｍ
ｙｌｏｂａｃｔｏｒ） 、バチルス フオンキュララム
（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｆｏｓｓｉｃｕｌａｒｕｍ） 、
バチルス セルロースデソルベンス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ
ｃｅｌｌｕｌｏｓｅｄｅｓｓｏｌｖｅｎｓ）、バチル
ス メタゲネス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｍｅｔｈａｇｅｎ
ｅｓ）等は溶存酸素あるいは高い酸化還元電位の影響が
大きく、活性を保持したまま包括固定することは困難で
あった。halophilus), Meth-anocorpasculum, Methano-halobium,
Bacillus amylobacter (13acillus am
ylobactor), Bacillus fossicularum,
Bacillus cellulose desolvens
Bacillus metagenes
es) etc. are greatly affected by dissolved oxygen or high redox potential, and it has been difficult to comprehensively immobilize them while retaining their activity.
Ｄ 課題を解決するための 段
ゲル基材中の溶存酸素の除去あるいは酸化還元電位を下
げることにより、嫌気性菌を活性を保持したまま安定に
固定することかできる。とくに、個性嫌気性菌を固定す
る場合には溶存酸素は０．１ｐｐｍ以下あるいは酸化還
元電位は０ｍＶ以下にすることが好ましい。溶存酸素を
除去する方法としては、高温にして溶存酸素を追い出す
方法、窒素・ヘリウム・二酸化炭素・アルゴン等の気体
をバブリングさせることにより溶存酸素を追い出す方法
、還元剤を投入することにより溶存酸素を除去する方法
が考えられるが、操作性と酸素の再溶解を考慮すると、
還元剤を投入する方法が望ましい。また、還元剤投入に
より酸化還元１４位を下げることかできる。還元剤は、
特に限定されるものではなく、菌体に悪影響を及ぼさな
い範囲で投入することができる。たとえば、チオグリコ
ール酸ナトリウム・チオグリコール酸カリウム・システ
ィン−塩酸塩・硫化ナトリウム・硫化カリウム・アスコ
ルビン酸・亜硫酸ナトウリム・亜硫酸水素ナトリウム等
を還元剤として用いることができる。これらの還元剤は
、ゲル基材中に投入するか、ゲル化に凝固液を必要とす
る場合や、洗浄を必要とする場合には、その凝固液や洗
浄液に還元剤を投入することもできる。還元剤の投入に
より、溶存酸素が除去され、酸化還元電位が下がるため
嫌気性菌を安定に固定することができるが、さらに、雰
囲気を窒素・ヘリウム・アルゴン・二酸化炭素等で置換
すれば完全な嫌気条件化で固定することができる。D. To solve the problem By removing dissolved oxygen in the gel base material or lowering the redox potential, it is possible to stably immobilize anaerobic bacteria while retaining their activity. In particular, when immobilizing individual anaerobes, it is preferable that the dissolved oxygen be 0.1 ppm or less or the redox potential be 0 mV or less. Methods for removing dissolved oxygen include heating to high temperatures to drive out dissolved oxygen, bubbling gas such as nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, argon, etc. to drive out dissolved oxygen, and adding a reducing agent to drive out dissolved oxygen. There are ways to remove it, but considering operability and redissolution of oxygen,
A method of adding a reducing agent is preferable. Furthermore, the oxidation-reduction level at position 14 can be lowered by adding a reducing agent. The reducing agent is
It is not particularly limited, and can be added within a range that does not adversely affect the bacterial cells. For example, sodium thioglycolate, potassium thioglycolate, cysteine hydrochloride, sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, ascorbic acid, sodium sulfite, sodium hydrogen sulfite, and the like can be used as the reducing agent. These reducing agents can be added to the gel base material, or if a coagulating liquid is required for gelation or washing is required, reducing agents can be added to the coagulating liquid or washing liquid. . By adding a reducing agent, dissolved oxygen is removed and the redox potential is lowered, making it possible to stably immobilize anaerobic bacteria; however, if the atmosphere is replaced with nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide, etc. It can be fixed under anaerobic conditions.
旦−ｍ
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に証明するが、本発
明はこれらの実施例により限定されるものではない。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically demonstrated by Examples, but the present invention is not limited by these Examples.
実施例１
（株）クラレ製のポリビニルアルコール（以下ＰＶＡと
略記する）（平均重合度１７４０、ケン化度９９．９５
モル％）を４０℃の温水で約１時間洗浄後、Ｐ Ｖ Ａ
ａ Ｗ １６ｗｔ％になるようにＰＶＡに水を加え全
量を１ｋｇにしてｐｉ（７に調整した。これをオートク
レーブで１２０℃、３０分処理し、ＰＶＡを溶解しｆこ
後、室温まで放冷しｆ二。このＰＶＡ水溶液に４％アル
ギン酸ナトリウム水溶液０．５ｋｇを加えて混合し、さ
らに還元剤としてシスティン−塩酸塩を１ 、５ｇ１指
示薬としてレザズリンナトリウム０．００３ｇを加えた
。混合液は薄赤色となり、溶存酸素が除かれ、酸化還元
電位がＯｍｌ’以下になっていることを示した。これに
、嫌気性消火汚泥（遠心分離によりＭ Ｌ Ｓ ５ ８
００００ｍｇ／ Ｑに濃縮したもの） ０．５ｋｇを加
え、充分に撹拌した。Example 1 Polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter abbreviated as PVA) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. (average degree of polymerization 1740, degree of saponification 99.95)
mol%) with warm water at 40°C for about 1 hour, PVA
Water was added to PVA to give a W of 16 wt%, the total amount was 1 kg, and the pi (pi) was adjusted to 7. This was treated in an autoclave at 120 °C for 30 minutes to dissolve the PVA, and then allowed to cool to room temperature. f2. 0.5 kg of 4% sodium alginate aqueous solution was added to this PVA aqueous solution and mixed, and 1.5 g of cysteine hydrochloride as a reducing agent and 0.003 g of resazurin sodium as an indicator were added. The color turned red, indicating that dissolved oxygen had been removed and the redox potential was below Oml'.In addition, anaerobic fire extinguishing sludge (by centrifugation, M L S 5 8
0.5 kg (concentrated to 0,000 mg/Q) was added and stirred thoroughly.
これらの混合液を先端に内径０．８ｍｍの注射針を取り
付けた内径２ｍｍφのビニル管１本を使用したローラー
ポンプで１ｍＱ／ｍｉｎで送液し、スターラーで撹拌し
た。０．２ｍｏｆ！／Ｑ塩化カルシウム（ＣａＣ＆、）
水溶液に氷表面５ｃｍの高５より滴下した。このＣａＣ
（１２水溶液にも還元剤としてンステインー塩酸塩を０
．０５％、指示薬としてレザズリンナトリウム０．００
０１％を加え１こ。ＣａＣＱ、水溶液は薄赤色となり、
溶存酸素が除かれ、酸化還元電位が０＋ｎＶ以下である
ことを示した。滴下した液滴はＣａＣ１！ｚ水溶液中で
直ちに球状化して沈降した。これらの球状化しｊ： Ｐ
Ｖ Ａ混合成形物を全１ｃａｃＬ水溶液と分離し、窒
素雰囲気下−２０℃＋：３°Ｃで凍結した。２０時間凍
結後、常温・窒素雰囲気下で解凍することによって不透
明な黒色の柔軟性に富んだ平均直径３ｍｍの球状のゲル
が得られた。このゲルの強度を上げるため、以上の凍結
−解凍操作をさらに２回繰り返した。These mixed solutions were pumped at a rate of 1 mQ/min using a roller pump using a vinyl tube with an inner diameter of 2 mmφ and a syringe needle with an inner diameter of 0.8 mm attached to the tip, and stirred with a stirrer. 0.2mof! /Q Calcium chloride (CaC&,)
It was dropped into the aqueous solution from a height 5 5 cm above the ice surface. This CaC
(No. 12 aqueous solution also contains Nstein hydrochloride as a reducing agent.
．． 05%, resazurin sodium 0.00 as indicator
Add 01% and get 1. CaCQ, aqueous solution becomes light red,
It was shown that dissolved oxygen was removed and the redox potential was 0+nV or less. The dropped droplet is CaC1! It immediately became spheroidized and precipitated in the Z aqueous solution. These spheroidized: P
The VA mixture moldings were separated from the total 1 cacL aqueous solution and frozen at -20°C+:3°C under nitrogen atmosphere. After freezing for 20 hours, the gel was thawed at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an opaque, black, and highly flexible spherical gel with an average diameter of 3 mm. In order to increase the strength of this gel, the above freeze-thaw operation was repeated two more times.
得られた菌固定ＰＶＡゲル２ｋｇを３ｇのジャーファー
メンタに入れ、３７℃に加温し、ＢＯＤ容積負荷２ｋｇ
／ｃｍ３・日の人工排水を投入した。人工排水は、グル
コース８００部、ペプトン３００部、Ｋｌ（、Ｐｏ。2 kg of the obtained bacteria-fixed PVA gel was placed in a 3 g jar fermenter, heated to 37°C, and the BOD volume load was 2 kg.
Artificial wastewater was added at an amount of /cm3·day. Artificial wastewater contained 800 parts of glucose, 300 parts of peptone, Kl (, Po.
２０部、ＮａＨＣＯ３２００部、ＣａＣＱｔ・６Ｈｔ０
２部、ＭｇＳＯ４・７Ｈ，０５部の重量比のものを用い
た。負荷はＴＯＣメーター（島津製作所Ｔ ＯＣ−５０
０）により測定した。気相は窒素置換し、メチルオレン
ジが赤変するまで硫酸を添加した２００ｍｇ／ｆ２食塩
水による水上置換により発生する気体を捕集した。気体
の組成はガスクロマトグラフにより測定した。20 parts, NaHCO3200 parts, CaCQt・6Ht0
A weight ratio of 2 parts and 0.5 parts of MgSO4.7H was used. The load is measured using a TOC meter (Shimadzu TOC-50
0). The gas phase was purged with nitrogen, and the gas generated by purging on water with a 200 mg/f2 saline solution to which sulfuric acid had been added until methyl orange turned red was collected. The gas composition was measured using a gas chromatograph.
実験開始後２日目から、気体の発生が見られ、ガスクロ
マトグラフにより、メタンと二酸化炭素の生成が確認さ
れた。また、負荷投入直後の系内の水のＴＯＣは、約５
０００ｍｇ／Ｎであったが、１日経過後には、約１００
ｍｇ／＆に減少していた。From the second day after the start of the experiment, gas generation was observed, and gas chromatography confirmed the production of methane and carbon dioxide. In addition, the TOC of water in the system immediately after load application is approximately 5.
000mg/N, but after one day, it was about 100mg/N.
mg/&.
以上のことから、菌が死滅することなく、固定すること
ができ、活性か発現したものと考えられる。From the above, it is considered that the bacteria could be immobilized without being killed and activity was expressed.
さらに、包括固定の宵効性をみるため、１００日後にジ
ャーファーメンタ−およびゲル担体を水洗し、再度、同
様の立ち上げ試験を行なったところ、２日目から活性を
示し、繰り返し使用できることがわかった。Furthermore, in order to examine the efficacy of entrapping fixation, the jar fermenter and gel carrier were washed with water after 100 days, and the same start-up test was conducted again. As a result, it showed activity from the second day and could be used repeatedly. Understood.
比較例１
（昧）クラレ製のポリビニルアルコール（ＰＶＡ）（平
均重合変１７４０、ケン化度９９．８５モル％）を４０
００の温水で約１時間洗浄後、ＰＶＡａ度１６ｗｔ％に
なるようにＰＶＡに水を加え全量を１ｋｇにしてｐＩ（
７に調整した。これをオートクレーブで１２０℃、３０
分処理し、ＰＶＡを溶解した後、室温まで放冷しｆこ。Comparative Example 1 (Major) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) manufactured by Kuraray (average polymerization modification 1740, degree of saponification 99.85 mol%) was
After washing with warm water of 0.00 for about 1 hour, water was added to the PVA so that the PVAa content was 16 wt%, the total amount was 1 kg, and the pI (
Adjusted to 7. Autoclave this at 120℃ for 30 minutes.
After dissolving the PVA, let it cool to room temperature.
このＰＶＡ水溶液に４％アルギン酸ナトリウム水溶液０
．５ｋｇを加えて混合し、還元剤は加えず、指示薬レザ
ズリンナトリウム０．００３ｇを加えた。Add 4% sodium alginate aqueous solution to this PVA aqueous solution.
．． 5 kg was added and mixed, no reducing agent was added, and 0.003 g of indicator resazurin sodium was added.
混合液は濃青色となり、溶存酸素が多量に存在し、酸化
還元電位が０ＩＩｌｖ以上であることを示した。これに
、嫌気性消火汚泥（遠心分離によりＭＬＳＳ３００００
＋ｎｇ／ｉ２に濃縮しｋもの） ０．５ｋｇを加え、充
分に撹拌した。The mixture turned dark blue, indicating that a large amount of dissolved oxygen was present and the redox potential was 0IIlv or higher. To this, anaerobic fire extinguishing sludge (MLSS30000
0.5 kg of the mixture was added and stirred thoroughly.
これらの混合液を先端に内径０．８＋ｎｍの注射針を取
り付けた内径２ｍ＋＋＋φのビニル管１本を使用したロ
ーラーポンプで１ｍＱ／Ｉｎ１ｎで送液し、スターラー
で撹拌した０、５ｍｏｆ２／（！塩化カルンウム（Ｃａ
ＣＱｔ）水溶液に氷表面５ｃ＋ｎの高さより滴下した。These mixed solutions were pumped at 1mQ/In1n using a roller pump using one vinyl pipe with an inner diameter of 2m+++φ and a syringe needle with an inner diameter of 0.8+nm attached to the tip, and were stirred with a stirrer. (Ca
CQt) aqueous solution from a height of 5c+n above the ice surface.
このＣａＣ１を水溶液には還元剤を加えず、指示薬とし
てレザズリンナトリウム０．０００１％を加えた。Ｃａ
ＣＱｖ水溶液は濃青色となり、溶存酸素が多量に存在し
、酸化還元電位が０ｍＶ以上であることを示した。滴下
した液滴はＣａＣＱｖ水溶液中で直ちに球状化して沈降
した。これらの球状化したＰＶＡ混合成形物を全量Ｃａ
Ｃｌ２．水溶液と分離し、−２０℃＝３℃で凍結した。No reducing agent was added to this CaCl aqueous solution, and 0.0001% resazurin sodium was added as an indicator. Ca
The CQv aqueous solution turned dark blue, indicating that a large amount of dissolved oxygen was present and the redox potential was 0 mV or more. The dropped droplets immediately became spherical and precipitated in the CaCQv aqueous solution. The total amount of these spheroidized PVA mixed moldings was
Cl2. It was separated from the aqueous solution and frozen at -20°C=3°C.
２０時間凍結後、・常温で解凍することによって不透明
な黒色の柔軟性に富んだ球状のゲルが得られた。After freezing for 20 hours, an opaque, black, and highly flexible spherical gel was obtained by thawing at room temperature.
このゲルの強度を上げるため、以上の凍結−解凍操作を
さらに２回繰り返した。In order to increase the strength of this gel, the above freeze-thaw operation was repeated two more times.
得られた菌固定ＰＶＡゲル２ｋｇを３１２のジャーフア
ーメンクに入れ、実施例１と同一の方法で実験した。2 kg of the obtained bacteria-fixed PVA gel was placed in a 312 jar, and an experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1.
ところか、実験開始後１０日間：よ気体の発生が見られ
ず、そｈ以後、二酸化炭素の発生かわずかに見られ、メ
タンの生成が確認されにのは、４０日後であった。また
、負荷投入直後の系内の水のＴＯＣは、約５０００ｍｇ
／ （ｌであったが、ＴＯＣはほとんど変化しなかった
。固定の際に、大部分の菌が死滅し、活性の発現に長時
間を要し几ものと考えられろ。However, for 10 days after the start of the experiment, no gas was observed to be produced, and after that, a slight amount of carbon dioxide was observed to be produced, and it was 40 days later that methane production was confirmed. In addition, the TOC of water in the system immediately after loading is approximately 5000 mg.
/ (l), but there was almost no change in TOC. Most of the bacteria were killed during fixation, and it takes a long time to develop activity, which is considered to be a process.
Ｆ 発明の効果
上記の実施例で明らかなとおり、本発明により、従来困
難であった嫌気性菌の固定か容易となり、メタン発酵処
理・嫌気性排水処理への利用が可能になるので工業的な
価値か極めて高い乙のてめろ。F. Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above examples, the present invention makes it easy to fix anaerobic bacteria, which was difficult in the past, and makes it possible to use it for methane fermentation treatment and anaerobic wastewater treatment. The value is extremely high.
Claims (4)
は酸化還元電位が０ｍＶ以下であることを特徴とする嫌
気性菌固定化ゲル。(1) An anaerobic bacteria-immobilized gel characterized in that the dissolved oxygen in the gel base material is 0.1 ppm or less or the redox potential is 0 mV or less.
請求項１記載の嫌気性菌固定化ゲル。(2) The anaerobic bacteria-immobilized gel according to claim 1, characterized in that a reducing agent is present in the gel base material.
特徴とする請求項１または２記載の嫌気性菌固定化ゲル
。(3) The anaerobic bacteria-immobilized gel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gel base material is made of polyvinyl alcohol.
元剤を添加することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれ
か１つの項に記載の嫌気性菌固定化ゲルの製造方法。(4) The method for producing an anaerobic bacteria-immobilized gel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a reducing agent is added to the gel stock solution, gel coagulation solution, or gel washing solution. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2040707A JPH03242293A (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1990-02-20 | Anaerobic bacteria immobilizing gel and production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2040707A JPH03242293A (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1990-02-20 | Anaerobic bacteria immobilizing gel and production thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03242293A true JPH03242293A (en) | 1991-10-29 |
Family
ID=12588053
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2040707A Pending JPH03242293A (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1990-02-20 | Anaerobic bacteria immobilizing gel and production thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03242293A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03245895A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-11-01 | Nishihara Environ Sanit Res Corp | Method for immobilizing anaerobic bacteria |
| JP2003053385A (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-25 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Biological denitrification equipment |
| JP2012076001A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-19 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Anaerobic wastewater treatment apparatus |
| JP2012076000A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-19 | Kuraray Co Ltd | One tank type anaerobic wastewater treatment apparatus |
-
1990
- 1990-02-20 JP JP2040707A patent/JPH03242293A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03245895A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-11-01 | Nishihara Environ Sanit Res Corp | Method for immobilizing anaerobic bacteria |
| JP2003053385A (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-25 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Biological denitrification equipment |
| JP2012076001A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-19 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Anaerobic wastewater treatment apparatus |
| JP2012076000A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-19 | Kuraray Co Ltd | One tank type anaerobic wastewater treatment apparatus |
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