JPH03237084A - Method for granulating fertilizer containing organic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the amt. of water added, to save energy for drying and to increase the percentage of org. matter blended by using oil cake of mustard as a fertilizer granulating aid. CONSTITUTION:Oil cake of mustard or a fertilizer contg. the oil cake as a granulating aid and water are added to starting materials for a fertilizer contg. org. matter and they are kneaded and granulated. The oil cake of mustard is obtd. by extracting oil from grains of mustard and the oil cake itself can be utilized as a fertilizer. By this method, the efficiency of granulation and the hardness of granules as a product can be increased and energy for drying can be saved because the amt. of water added can be reduced. Since the granulating aid itself contains fertilizing components, a molded fertilizer having a high org. matter content is obtd.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for granulating an organic matter-containing fertilizer, and more specifically, it relates to a method for granulating an organic matter-containing fertilizer, and more particularly, it relates to a method for granulating an organic matter-containing fertilizer from a mixture containing an organic matter-containing fertilizer and mustard oil cake, or a fertilizer containing the same, and water. Relating to a method of granulating fertilizer.

[Conventional technology] In recent years, it has been desired to increase the organic matter content in fertilizers in order to improve their functionality. There is a need for a method for efficiently granulating fertilizer into shaped fertilizers that are less likely to be washed away.

Chemical fertilizers containing organic matter are generally produced by granulating the water mixture using a pan-type granulator, rotating cylindrical granulator, stirring-type granulator, etc., and drying the resulting granules to obtain a desired particle size range. Obtained by sieving. The shape of shaped fertilizer is usually 2 mm or more.
A spherical or near-spherical shape with an average particle diameter of 4 mm is optimal.

However, in general, as the blending ratio of organic matter increases, it becomes more difficult to granulate the fertilizer, and the hardness of the obtained fertilizer particles decreases. Therefore, in order to granulate a chemical fertilizer containing a high proportion of organic matter, a method is used in which granulation aids such as waste molasses alcohol waste liquid, lignin, lignin liquid, etc. are added. Although this method improves granulation properties and hardness, it requires a large amount of added water, so drying the granules requires enormous energy costs such as heavy oil, and there are problems such as emitting a bad odor when drying. .

In order to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the method using molasses alcohol waste liquid, a molded fertilizer prepared by mixing fertilizer with dried molasses alcohol fermentation waste liquid has been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 28879/1987). This method has the advantage of shortening the mixing time and eliminating the need for a drying process after molding. However, the dried waste liquid is made by adding a carrier to the waste liquid and turning it into a dry powder. It is difficult to increase the content of organic fertilizer in it. Therefore, in order to granulate fertilizer with a high proportion of organic matter, it is generally necessary to use compression molding granulation using a compacting granulator, briquette granulator, pellet granulator, etc., instead of adopting the transfer granulation method. The grain method is being used. However, although this method is effective to some extent in reducing drying energy and preventing the generation of bad odors, the shape of the method becomes amorphous, pellet-like (cylindrical), or briquette-like (convex lens-like). There are also some gaps in its adaptability to BB fertilizers (bulk blending fertilizers).

[Problem to be solved by the invention] In view of the current situation, the present inventors have conducted extensive research and have found that mustard oil cake, a type of oil cake, is effective as a granulation aid for fertilizers. If the mustard oil cake or the fertilizer containing it is added to the fertilizer raw materials and mixed and granulated, the product yield is good and relatively little water is added, and the hardness of the fertilizer particles is high. The present inventors have discovered that it is possible to produce organic matter-containing fertilizers that are spherical or nearly spherical in shape, and have completed the present invention.

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention provides an organic matter-containing fertilizer, which is characterized in that a fertilizer raw material containing organic matter is mixed with mustard oil meal or a fertilizer containing the same, and water, and then kneaded and granulated. This is a granulation method.

The fertilizer containing organic matter used in the present invention is bone meal,
Organic fertilizers such as bark powder, rapeseed oil cake, soybean oil cake, dried bacterial fertilizer, and fish cake, or mixtures thereof, or these organic fertilizers, nitrogen component (N), phosphoric acid component (P), potassium component (K) , Mg, Mn, B, etc., can be used as a mixture with chemical fertilizers containing trace components such as Mg, Mn, B, etc., and is not particularly limited.
It is preferably 100% by weight.

Furthermore, the mustard oil cake used in the present invention is an oil cake obtained by extracting oil from mustard seeds, which itself can be used as a fertilizer, and is produced in the United States, Canada, Western Europe, the Soviet Union, etc., and is only available in Japan. Although some of it is imported, it is hardly used as fertilizer.

In the present invention, only mustard oil meal may be used as a granulation aid for fertilizers, but fertilizers containing mustard oil meal, such as a mixture of mustard oil meal and rapeseed oil meal, may also be used as they are. In this case, the content of mustard oil cake in the mixture is 10 to 100% by weight, preferably 30 to 1% by weight.
00% by weight mixture is used. The content of mustard oil cake is 10
% or less, the viscosity is low even when kneaded with water, and granulation cannot be performed effectively.

Further, the amount of mustard oil cake added is preferably in the range of 5 to 100% by weight, particularly io to 70% by weight, based on the dry weight of the fertilizer to be granulated. If the amount of mustard oil cake is less than 5% by weight, granulation will not be effective. Therefore, when using a fertilizer containing mustard oil cake as a granulation aid as described above, it is necessary to keep the amount of mustard oil cake in the above range based on the dry weight of the fertilizer to be granulated, but the granulation aid If the amount of mustard oil cake in the granulator is too small, the amount of water required for kneading will increase, which is undesirable in terms of drying time and energy consumption. A large value is preferable.

Mustard oil cake, like rapeseed oil cake, is an oil cake collected from seeds, but unlike other oil cakes, it is given an appropriate viscosity by adding water and kneading, and is used as an auxiliary agent for granulating organic matter-containing fertilizers. It has the unique property of being able to be used as For example, rapeseed oil cake, which is classified as a seed in the same genus, is widely used as an organic fertilizer, but if you try to granulate a fertilizer containing it, you will need an auxiliary agent for granulation, and such There is a tendency that the higher the blending ratio of organic matter, the more difficult granulation becomes. In other words, oil cake was generally thought to have a negative effect on granulation, but surprisingly, mustard oil cake has the opposite effect as a granulation aid. Moreover, mustard oil cake itself is an organic fertilizer.
Since there is no need to add other auxiliary ingredients, the method of the present invention makes it possible to obtain a shaped fertilizer with a high organic matter content.

In order to granulate organic matter-containing fertilizer using the method of the present invention, water is first added to the mustard oil cake using a device with a cross-mixing function such as a bag mixer, kneader, or wheel-type cross-mixer, and the mixture is moderately agitated to reduce stickiness. The first step is to adjust the interference that has occurred,
It is preferable to carry out sequentially a second step in which this mixed substance is added to a fertilizer containing organic matter, mixed and dispersed using a mixer, and a third step in which this mixture is granulated.

When only mustard oil cake is used as a granulation aid, the amount of water added in the first step is 10 to 3
0% by weight is preferred. If it is less than 10%, the desired sufficient viscosity cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 30%, it becomes strongly sticky and lump-like, which makes it difficult to mix uniformly with the organic matter-containing fertilizer in the second step. Also, the equipment becomes dirty due to adhesion.

Further, when a mixture of mustard oil cake and fertilizer is used as a granulation aid, it is preferable that the amount of water added to the mixture is within the above range.

The mixing time in this process varies depending on the model used, but preferably 30 seconds to 3 minutes; if it is less than 30 seconds, a sufficient mixing effect cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 3 minutes, the stickiness becomes strong and the same problem as above occurs. .

The mixing ratio of the kneaded material prepared in the first step in the mixture mixed with the fertilizer containing organic matter in the second step is 5 to 100.
Although it is possible to granulate the mixed material 1-1 prepared in the first step, it is preferably 10 to 90% by dry weight from the viewpoint of fertilizer components.

Further, the equipment and mixing time are not particularly limited as long as they can be used as long as they are capable of sufficient mixing and dispersion, but it is preferable to use a model that allows continuous mixing.

A method of omitting the operation in the first step and performing both operations in the second step is to mix mustard meal in advance in the fertilizer containing organic matter, add water in the mixer in the second step, and mix and process. Although kneading is also possible,
Since the viscosity of the mustard oil cake cannot be fully extracted, the above-mentioned sequential operation method is preferred.

As the granulation method in the third step, various granulation methods known per se can be arbitrarily adopted. In the present invention,
It is advantageous to use a pan-type granulator, a rotating cylindrical granulator, or an agitation-type granulator that can provide a spherical or nearly spherical product shape.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained by showing examples and comparative examples of the present invention.

14 examples of 10 parts of engineered ammonium sulfate, 10 parts of sulfur, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of bone powder
10 parts dry bacterial fertilizer, 10 parts peel powder, 10 parts rapeseed oil cake
A fertilizer containing powdered organic matter was prepared by mixing 10 parts of castor oil cake and 10 parts of castor oil cake. On the other hand, 100 parts of mustard oil cake to 20 parts of water
% of water was added and kneaded for 3 minutes using a kneader to prepare a kneaded product of mustard oil cake.

1.8 kg of the organic matter-containing fertilizer and 336 g of a kneaded mixture of mustard oil cake were placed in a bag mixer and mixed for 1 minute to prepare a raw material mixture for granulation. This raw material mixture for granulation was placed in a pan-shaped granulator with an inner diameter of 1 m and a height of 19 cm, and a misgranulation operation was performed for about 15 minutes. A portion of the obtained granules was taken out and the moisture content was measured using a conventional method. The remaining granules were placed in a constant temperature box dryer at 70° C. and left to dry for about 6 hours. The obtained dry granules were sieved through 2 mm and 4 mm sieves to give 2 to 4
The product granular fertilizer was made of granules of mm size, and the weight percent of the product granular fertilizer with respect to the total dry granules was defined as the product yield. In addition, 20 grains were arbitrarily taken out of the product granular fertilizer, and the hardness was measured using a non-layer hardness meter to determine the average particle hardness. The results are shown in Table 1.

For comparison, 1.8 kg of the organic matter-containing fertilizer prepared in Example 1 and molasses alcohol waste liquid (moisture content 6) were used for comparison.
0%) in a bag mixer and mixed for 1 minute to prepare a raw material mixture for granulation. Thereafter, granular fertilizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurements were performed.

Table 1 shows the moisture content, product yield, and product hardness of these granulated products.

Table 1 As is clear from Table 1, the method of the present invention using mustard oil cake as a granulation aid is superior to the method using molasses alcohol waste liquid in both granulation efficiency and product hardness.

Fifty parts of Natsumi Tatsusu's bone powder and 50 parts of dried bacterial fertilizer were mixed to produce a fertilizer containing powdered organic matter. On the other hand, mustard oil cake 8
20% by weight of water was added to a mixture of mustard oil meal and rapeseed oil cake containing 0% by weight, and this was kneaded for 30 seconds in a kneader to prepare a mixture of rapeseed oil meal containing mustard oil meal. Put 400g of the above organic matter-containing fertilizer and 2002g of the mixed substance containing mustard oil cake into a bug mixer, and
The mixture was mixed for a minute to prepare a raw material mixture for granulation. Thereafter, granular fertilizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurements were performed.

Table 2 shows the moisture content, product yield, and product hardness of these granulated products.

In Example 2, fertilizer was granulated using a pan-shaped granulator in the same manner as in Example 2, except that rapeseed meal was used instead of the mustard oil meal-rapeseed oil meal mixture. The results are shown in Table 2, and the granulation efficiency was much lower than that of the method of the present invention using a mustard oil meal-rapeseed oil meal mixture.

Table 2 Table 1 2 Loss of 1 mound 4 days A mustard oil meal-rapeseed oil meal kneaded product containing 80% by weight of the same mustard oil meal as used in Example 2 was prepared, and 400 g of rapeseed oil meal and the above mustard oil meal-rapeseed oil meal kneaded product 2014 were prepared.
g was placed in a bag mixer and mixed for 1 minute to prepare a raw material mixture for granulation. Thereafter, granular fertilizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurements were performed.

Table 3 shows the moisture content, product yield, and product hardness of these granulated products.

In Example 3, fertilizer was granulated using a pan-shaped granulator in the same manner as in Example 3, except that rapeseed meal was used instead of the mustard oil meal-rapeseed oil meal mixture. The results are shown in Table 3, and the granulation efficiency was much lower than that of the method of the present invention using a mustard oil meal-rapeseed oil meal mixture.

Table 3 [Effects of the Invention] The granulation method of the present invention not only eliminates the need for conventional granulation aids such as molasses alcohol waste liquid, lignin, and lignin liquid by using mustard oil cake or fertilizer containing mustard oil cake. ,
Compared to conventional granulation methods using these granulation aids, the granulation efficiency is higher, the product particle hardness is higher, and less water is added, resulting in savings in drying energy.

Moreover, since it itself contains fertilizer components, it can be used effectively and has excellent effects such as being able to obtain a shaped fertilizer with a high organic matter content.

Margin below

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A method for granulating an organic matter-containing fertilizer, which comprises mixing and granulating mustard oil meal or a fertilizer containing the same with water and kneading the fertilizer raw material containing the organic matter.