JPH03235850A - Split open/close type outer shell structure of building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a time for opening/closing an open/close window by automatically opening/closing fully or partly the open/close window while division- forming a large number of the open/close windows, through which the inside communicates with the atmospheric side, along an outer shell surface. CONSTITUTION:A large number of circular open/close windows 1 are division- arranged along the total of and in a building roof surface 2 to hold the periphery by a roof structural unit 3 between the open/close windows 1 adjacent to each other. Next, a holding bracket 5 for holding a drive cable 4 is fixed to the open/close window 1 which is turned by rotating the drive cable 4 with the holding bracket 5 serving as the center. Then the drive cable 4 is connected to a drive motor 6, and it is drive-controlled by a drive-control device 7. The drive-control device 7 is actuated by giving a time difference while simultaneously or partially selectively operation-controlling a plurality of the drive motors 6 or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a split open/close type shell structure in which a large number of divided open/close windows are provided on the outer shell surface of an architectural structure.

[Prior Art] FIG. 22 shows a schematic diagram of an all-weather building 16 equipped with a roof 15 as an example of a dome-shaped outer shell that is attracting attention as a modern building. This building 16 has been installed in various locations and has received great praise because it allows various events and sports to be held regardless of the weather. This building 1
The roof 15 of No. 6 is mostly a closed type, and there are various types such as transparent, translucent, and opaque. opaque roof 15
In this case, the sky cannot be seen all the time and there is no direct sunlight, so
It is necessary to fully equip the building 16 with air conditioning and ventilation equipment, which has the disadvantage of increasing installation costs. In addition, although the transparent roof 15 does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, it does require equipment for connecting the roofs 15 as necessary to adjust the internal temperature and block the outside view.

As one means of resolving the above-mentioned drawbacks, a building 17 with a retractable roof as shown in FIG. 23 has recently been constructed. This building 17 has a roof main body 18, 19 that slides along a slide base 20 to open and close.

In sunny weather, the roof body 18, 19 etc. are opened,
In addition to introducing fresh air and direct sunlight indoors, the roof main body 18, 19, etc. are closed in times of wind and rain to avoid being affected by wind and rain.

In addition, there are many known prior art technologies with retractable roofs, and various types have been disclosed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-9980 discloses a system in which a link is operated by a cylinder to open and close the entire roof at once.

JP-A-55-13358 discloses a method for opening and closing a plurality of roof pieces attached to a relatively small sun deck.
The roof piece is installed over the entire roof, is not of a split type, and cannot be applied to large buildings.

JP-A-55-1611.5 discloses a device in which a folded movable element is opened and closed at once.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-155852 discloses a device in which band-shaped plates having hooks at the ends are overlapped and telescopically connected, and each of the band-shaped plates locks with each other to open and close at once. Other JP-A No. 57-39719, 57
-108355 publication, 57-108356 publication.

Examples include those disclosed in Publications No. 57-118742 and No. 63-236873, but all of them have a structure in which the entire roof rotates or slides to open and close, and I have not found any that have divided opening/closing windows. do not have.

[Objective of the present invention: Problems to be solved] In the case of a building having a retractable roof as shown in Fig. 23, or in the case of the various conventional roof structures described above, the entire roof mainly opens and closes. However, it is not possible to selectively open and close only that part.

Therefore, it takes time to open and close, making it impossible to respond quickly to sudden changes in weather. In addition, when a retractable roof like the one described above is adopted for a large building, there is a problem in that the entire roof must be fully opened or partially opened even when partially ventilating the room or controlling the temperature. occurs. Furthermore, although some of the conventional techniques described above allow the roof to be partially opened and closed, none have been found that are applicable to large buildings or buildings with dome-shaped roofs.

The present invention eliminates most of the drawbacks of the prior art, and the outer shell surface is divided to form a large number of opening/closing windows, and all or part of them can be automatically opened and closed as needed to ventilate the atmosphere. The side and indoor areas are communicated to allow direct sunlight to enter, ventilation, and temperature control.Furthermore, letters, symbols, patterns, etc. are displayed on the opening/closing windows to serve as an advertising function and improve the appearance of the inside and outside of the building. In addition to improving the aesthetics and interior beauty and making people feel comfortable, the split roof structure can be opened and closed in a short time, can quickly respond to sudden changes in weather, and can prevent leakage of rainwater, etc. The purpose is to provide.

[Structure of the Invention 2 Means for Solving the Problems 1 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention divides and forms a large number of opening/closing windows that communicate the atmosphere side and the indoor space along the outer shell surface. In addition, the opening/closing window is equipped with an automatic opening/closing device that automatically opens and closes all or part of the opening/closing window according to the need for lighting and ventilation, and the opening/closing window is equipped with letters, symbols,
A split open/close type exterior that displays a pattern, etc. to create an advertising effect, and has a leak prevention means installed between the open/close window and the structure on the outer shell surface around the window to prevent leakage of rainwater, etc. It constitutes the shell structure.

change. Alternatively, by making the cross section of the window not only flat but triangular, it is possible to produce a wide variety of colors, thereby creating an aesthetically pleasing exterior and interior, as well as providing comfort to those who view it. Furthermore, it is also possible to change the appearance of the exterior and interior by changing the colors of the front and back sides of the opening/closing window.

[Function] A large number of opening/closing windows dividedly formed on the roof surface as an example of the outer shell can be fully or partially changed as needed using a solar tracking device using conventional technology or the opening/closing angle of the windows can be changed depending on the direction of the wind. By opening and closing quickly using an automatic opening/closing device controlled by a computer, direct sunlight and atmospheric air can be appropriately introduced indoors. In addition, a leakage prevention means is provided between the operable window and the roof structure to reliably prevent rainwater from entering when the operable window is open and closed.

In addition, characters, symbols, and patterns can be displayed on each opening/closing window, and the opening/closing window can be used for advertising, or the displayed pattern [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a partial schematic diagram showing an opening/closing window 1 that is divided and arranged on the roof of a dome-shaped building.

As shown in FIG. 5, on the roof surface 2 of a building, a large number of circular opening/closing windows 1 are divided and arranged along the entire surface of the roof surface 2. The operable window 1 is held at its periphery by a roof structure 3 between adjacent operable windows 1. The opening/closing window 1 explained in FIG. 1 and the following drawings may be made of any transparent, semitransparent, or opaque material. It is displayed as follows. In addition, it is possible to change the color of the window and use a variety of colors.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of one of the opening/closing windows 1 in FIG. 1. A holding bracket 5 for holding a drive cable 4 is fixed to the opening/closing window 1, and the opening/closing window 1 is rotated about the holding bracket 5 by rotation of the drive cable 4. Note that the drive cable 4 is connected to a drive motor 6, and the drive motor 6 is driven and controlled by a drive control bag w7. That is, in the case of this embodiment, the drive cable 4. Drive motor 6
and the drive control bag M7 constitute the automatic opening/closing means. Of course, all the windows 1 on the roof surface 2 are not operated by a single drive cable 4 and drive motor 6, but a plurality of them are appropriately arranged so that the windows 1 can open and close smoothly. will be placed in #i dynamic control device N7
is configured to simultaneously or partially selectively control a plurality of drive motors 6, etc., and to operate them with time differences. Figure 3 shows a top view of Figure 2;
The figure is a side view in the direction of arrow ■ in FIG. 3. As is clear from the figure, the opening/closing window 1 is opened/closed by the rotation of the drive cable 4 installed between the opposing holding brackets 5.

Of course, the automatic opening/closing means for opening/closing the opening/closing window 1 is not limited to the one described above. For example, each opening/closing window 1 may be attached with a small motor driven by electricity or compressed air, the opening/closing window 1 may be supported by the structure 3, and its support shaft may be rotated by the motor. . By operating the motor by a control device, the opening and closing of all or part of the opening/closing window 1 can be controlled.

Since the operable window 1 is arranged to communicate between the atmosphere side and the indoor space, opening the operable window 1 allows direct sunlight to enter and ventilation is performed.

In FIG. 3, a plurality of holding brackets 5 are provided on the same circumference of the opening/closing window 1, but this is to enable the opening/closing window 1 to be arranged along different directions. Fourth
The figure is a side view of the opening/closing window 1 of FIG. 3, and the rotating opening/closing state is indicated by circular arrows.

As mentioned above, FIG. 5 shows a circular opening/closing window 1 divided and arranged at equal intervals, but the opening/closing window 1a may of course be a square one divided and arranged as shown in FIG. 6. do not have. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the circular opening/closing windows 1b arranged in diagonal lines may be rotated by a drive cable 4 arranged in a direction crossing the diagonal direction.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, a rectangular opening/closing window IC may be configured to be rotationally driven by drive cables 4 arranged diagonally therethrough.

FIGS. 9(a) and 9(b) show an opening/closing window 100a having a triangular cross section in place of the flat opening/closing window 1 described above. Different colors or patterns can be displayed on each side of the triangular opening/closing window 100a to create a dress-up effect.

In FIG. 10, the opening/closing window 100b is rotated from two directions at the same time, so that the opening/closing window 100b can be oriented in any direction, and the appearance can be varied in various ways. Note that a mechanism for rotating the opening/closing window 1oob from two directions at the same time can be easily achieved by using a known technique used in a gyro compass or the like. Although not shown in the figure, other shapes of opening/closing windows may be employed. Further, the opening/closing window does not necessarily have to be a plurality of divided windows having the same shape, and the intervals between the windows need not be constant.

Figures 11 to 15 show some embodiments of the leakage prevention means.

If a suitable means for preventing leakage of rainwater or the like is not provided between the operable window 1 and the structure 3, rain leakage, dust intrusion, etc. will occur, and the purpose of providing the operable window 1 will be lost. however,
If too exaggerated leakage prevention measures are installed, equipment costs will increase.

In Fig. 11, a stepped part 8 is provided on the opening/closing window 1d, and a stepped part 9 is also formed on the structure 3 side to closely engage with the stepped part 8, and the two are brought into contact to seal the opening/closing window 1d. be. Of course, it is desirable that the right side be the upper side, and a sealing member or the like may be applied to the contact surfaces of the stepped portions 8 and 9, thereby further improving the sealing effect.

FIG. 12 shows a leakage prevention means in which the opening/closing window 1e is formed of an elastic member that is thicker than the opening, and its peripheral edge is directly pressed against the structure 3 for sealing.

Figure 13 shows a sealing member or elastic member 1 on the periphery of the opening/closing window 1f.
0 and the elastic member 10 and the like are brought into contact with the structure 3 for sealing.

Of course, the elastic member 10 or the like may be adhesively fixed to the structure 3 side.

FIG. 14 shows a rather complicated leakage prevention means. That is,
A plunger 11 that is reciprocated by compressed air or the like is provided on the structure 3 side, and when the opening/closing window 1g is closed, the plunger 11 is pressed against the opening/closing window 1g by compressed air at a pressure p to seal the opening/closing window 1g. As mentioned above, when the rotating operation of the opening/closing window 1g is performed by an air motor (not shown), compressed air is introduced into the structure 3, so by introducing a part of it in a branched manner, the plunger 11 can be moved. It can be made to work.

FIG. 15 shows a configuration in which the plunger 11 is pressed against the opening/closing window lh side by the spring force of the spring 12 to seal it.

Although the leakage prevention means described above prevents rainwater, dust, etc. from entering the interior, a rainwater discharge means is provided on the roof surface 2 to completely prevent rainwater from entering during heavy rains.

FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 show an embodiment thereof.

The rectangular opening/closing windows 1a are arranged at an angle so as to overlap each other. Rainwater and the like accumulated on the opening/closing window 1a on the upper tier side sequentially falls on the opening/closing window la side on the lower tier side, falls from the roof side to the ground side, and is discharged. As shown in FIG. 17, in this case, the rotating direction of the opening/closing windows 1a is limited as shown by the arrow in order to prevent interference between the opening/closing windows 1a.

In FIG. 18, gutters 13 are arranged on the structure 3 side between adjacent rectangular opening/closing windows 18 so as to communicate with each other vertically and horizontally. Rainwater collected on the opening/closing window 1a falls into the gutter 13 and is discharged to the ground surface. In addition, the gutter 13 and the opening/closing window 1a
As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, sealing members 14 are bonded to both sides of the gutter 13 to prevent rainwater from leaking between the gutter 13 and the gutter 13.

As described above, by dividing and arranging a large number of opening/closing windows 1 etc. that are controlled and operated by the automatic opening/closing means on the roof surface 2 provided with the leakage prevention means and the rainwater draining means of various structures, it is possible to It is possible to open and close the building at high speeds that could not be implemented, to properly protect four people from direct sunlight, to ventilate the whole or part of the building, and to effectively prevent the infiltration of rainwater.

[Embodiment 2] An example of an automatic window control section will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 21.

When we first started, the first thing we noticed was the inclement weather (rain, snow, etc.).
[5TEP■], Temperature abnormality (high temperature, low temperature)/(STE
When the absolute conditions for a comfortable life for humans are not met, such as when there is a strong wind (STEP■), the windows are completely closed and appropriate measures such as air conditioning are needed
@] is removed. Further, after satisfying the above conditions, temperature conditions are set in advance within the temperature range of 5TEP■ and control is performed for hot and cold cases so as to approach a certain appropriate temperature. First, the temperature sensor [5TEP■
] If it is determined that the temperature is hot, an optical sensor (STEP■) is used to check whether the temperature is rising due to sunlight.
The window is used to judge whether the sunlight is bright or dark. If it is bright, the window moves to block sunlight [5TEP■], and if it is dark, it is not directly related to the sun, so the wind meter is used to measure the wind power. Measure [5TEP■] and if it is determined that there is no wind or a light breeze, you cannot expect the temperature to drop due to the wind, so close the windows completely and use air conditioning to bring the temperature closer to the appropriate temperature, and if it is determined that there is a certain amount of wind. The window moves to let in the wind [5TEP [phase]], and here again,
If the temperature is determined to be hot (STEPO), there is no point in adjusting the amount of sunlight or wind being brought in, so the windows are closed completely and the air conditioner is turned on to bring the temperature closer to the appropriate temperature. However, when I measured the temperature here (ST
EPO) - If the temperature drops when you take in the wind and it is judged to be cold, proceed to the direction when it was judged to be cold with 5TEP■.

On the other hand, if 5TEP■ determines that it is cold, we will use the optical sensor [5TEP■] to check the sunlight in the same way as when it is determined that it is hot. Move to incorporate (STEPO).

If it is bright, measure the wind power [5TEP■] If it is determined that there is no wind or a light breeze, close the windows completely and activate the air conditioner to bring the temperature closer to the appropriate temperature [5TEP [Co.]], and if there is some wind. If so, move the window to block the wind ([5TEP■]. Then measure the temperature again (ST
EP■], if it is hot after adjusting the window,
Return to the state of 5TEP■ again and proceed to the time when it was determined to be hot. On the other hand, if it is determined that the temperature is too hot, there is no point in adjusting the amount of sunlight or wind coming in, so close the windows completely and turn on the air conditioner to bring the temperature closer to the appropriate temperature.

When all of the above conditions are met, the inside of the dome becomes very comfortable. Also, this is just an example; the environment where the dome is located and various other factors (humidity, etc.) can also be incorporated into this system, and all of the above is done under computer control.

[Example 3] Next, an example in which letters, symbols, patterns, etc. are provided on the opening/closing window 1 etc. will be described (not shown).

When different colors are applied to the front and back sides of the opening/closing window 1, the appearance will change by reversing the front and back, and the feeling of the ceiling as seen from indoors will also change, giving a fresh aesthetic feel6. By applying color and arranging the opening/closing windows 1 in various opening/closing combinations such as fully open and half open, the exterior appearance can be changed and the exterior beauty of the building can be improved. It is also possible to draw a pattern, picture, etc. on a part or the whole of the opening/closing window 1, and then reverse it and change it to a different pattern or picture. Furthermore, various purposes can be achieved by displaying advertising characters and display symbols on the opening/closing window 1. Moreover, by opening and closing the opening/closing window 1 at different times, it is possible to give a wave-like effect and make people feel comfortable.

In this embodiment, the shape and structure of the opening/closing window, its automatic opening/closing means, leak prevention means, rainwater drainage means, etc., have been described, but these are merely examples, and other known techniques may be applied. For example, by providing different colored light emitting means on the front and back sides of each divided window of the outer shell structure of the present invention, and driving each piece individually using an ordinary matrix drive system, it is possible to display arbitrary characters or desired images while changing them as necessary. It is a water-cooling device.

Regarding sunlight control, the present invention also includes a device in which a normal solar automatic tracking system is incorporated into a split window of an outer shell structure.

In addition to the above, a snow melting device or a heating device can be attached to the openable window 1 and the structure 3 surrounding it using existing techniques, and various lighting devices.

It is also possible to provide a heat generating device or the like.

[Effects of the present invention] According to the present invention, the following remarkable effects are achieved.

1) By dividing and arranging a large number of operable windows on the roof surface instead of the single operable window of the prior art, the opening/closing time of the operable windows is greatly shortened.

2) By shortening the opening/closing time, it is possible to respond instantly to sudden changes in weather.

3) Since all or part of the opening/closing window can be automatically opened and closed depending on the weather, direct sunlight can be introduced, ventilation, etc. can be carried out as appropriate and under arbitrary conditions depending on the indoor condition.

4) By devising the shape arrangement of the opening/closing windows, the external beauty can be improved and changed.

5) Leakage prevention means and rainwater discharge means are attached to each divided opening/closing window, so leakage of rainwater and ingress of dust are completely prevented.

6) By displaying characters, symbols, patterns, pictures, etc. on the open/close windows, it is possible to improve the exterior beauty and interior beauty, increase the advertising effect, and further provide comfort to people.

7) Since the opening/closing window is formed from a relatively small size, it can be applied to various types of buildings.

8) Since they are divided and arranged on the roof surface, they do not require a large storage area like a single opening/closing window that opens and closes at the same time, and equipment costs can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which an operable window according to an embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the roof surface of a building with a dome-shaped roof, and Fig. 2 shows a single structure of an operable window according to the embodiment. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3,
5 to 8 are plan views showing various shapes of opening/closing windows and their opening/closing directions, FIG. 9(a) is a perspective view when using a triangular opening/closing window, and FIG. Figure (a) is a side view, Figure 10 is a schematic plan view of a two-directional opening/closing type opening/closing window,
11 to 15 are partial sectional views showing various embodiments of the leakage prevention means, FIG. 16 is a partial plan view showing one embodiment of the rainwater drainage means, and FIG. 17 is a 18 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the rainwater drainage means, FIG. 19 is a partially enlarged sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX of FIG. 18, and FIG. 20 is a sectional view of FIG. FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining an example of automatic control of opening/closing windows, FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an overview of the exterior of a dome-shaped building, and FIG. 23 is a partially enlarged sectional view taken along line xx-x FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building equipped with a conventional sliding window. 1, la, lb, lc, ld, le, if. l g, 1 h, 100a, 100b・""Opening/closing window, 2... Roof surface, 3... Structure, 4... Drive cable, 5... Holding bracket, 6... Drive motor, 7... Drive control device, 8... Stepped portion, 9...
Stepped portion, 10... Elastic member, 11... Plunger, 1
2... Spring, 13... Gutter, 14... Seal member. Figure 5 Figure 6N Figure 7 @ Figure 8 273 Figure 1/2 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 9 (b) Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13! Figure 5 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 0 Figure 16 Figure xx @ 17 FyJ Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A split opening/closing type outer shell structure characterized in that a large number of opening/closing windows that communicate between the atmospheric side and the indoor space of a building structure are divided and formed along the outer shell surface. (2) A split opening/closing type outer shell structure characterized in that the opening/closing windows on the outer shell surface have a function of manually opening/closing all or one window or automatically opening/closing depending on the weather by switching. (3) Claim (1), wherein a leakage prevention means is provided between the opening/closing window and a structure on the outer shell surface that supports the periphery of the opening/closing window.
Or the split open/close type outer shell structure described in (2). (4) A rainwater drainage means for discharging rainwater etc. is provided between the structure of the outer shell surface between the adjacent operable windows and the operable window. A split open/close type outer shell structure according to the claims. (5) The split open/close type outer shell structure according to any one of claims (1) to (4), wherein characters, symbols, patterns, etc. are displayed on the back and/or front surface of the open/close window. (6) Claim (1) wherein the outer shell of the building structure is a roof.
The split open/close type outer shell structure according to any one of (5). (7) The split open/close type outer shell structure according to any one of claims (1) to (5), wherein the outer shell of the architectural structure is a wall.