JPH03235815A - Vegetation base body and its protection net - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To promote the growth of a plant by holding seeds and fertilizer in woven cloths formed by means of synthetic thread that becomes extinct as it is dissolved by micro-organisms in soil. CONSTITUTION:A live plant base body 1 is formed by putting seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 between two woven cloths 8 that are formed by means of synthetic thread which becomes extinct as it is dissolved by means of micro-organisms in soil, and also by bonding them by means of a water soluble bonding agent. Also, a mesh-like protection net 2 is formed out of a synthetic linear body that becomes extinct as it is dissolved by means of micro-organisms in soil. And, at the time of execution of work, the live plant base body 1 is provided on a slope surface, and then, the protection net 2 is provided on the base body 1, and fixation at the slope surface is made by means of an anchor.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a vegetation substrate and its protective net used for vegetation matte, vegetation netting, vegetation reinforcement work, etc. among slope protection works using vegetation materials. .

[Prior Art] There are various types of slope protection works using vegetation materials, and the following are methods that use mat-like vegetation substrates or protection nets.

(1) Vegetation matte is a construction method in which a slope is covered with a mat-like vegetation substrate that supports seeds and fertilizers.

This vegetation substrate has the strength to not easily break;
Until now, coarse woven fabrics made of natural fibers such as cotton have been used because the seeds must not be washed away even when it rains, the seeds can germinate easily, and they will eventually rot and dissolve. Cloth, non-woven fabric, straw, water-soluble thin paper, etc. are used.

For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-25246 states, ``Using plastic-processed paper, a seed belt consisting of a large number of small bags containing fertilizer or a belt-shaped seed belt with seeds sandwiched between them is placed at regular intervals. Green belts connected parallel to the sides are shown.

Furthermore, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-36693 describes a ``vegetation substrate made by attaching plant growth materials such as plant seeds and fertilizers to one side of a nonwoven fabric in which fibers are intertwined vertically and horizontally at appropriate intervals in a dense and dense manner.'' It is shown.

(2) Vegetation netting is a construction method in which a slope is covered with a mat-like vegetation substrate carrying seeds and fertilizers, and this is further covered with a coarse protective net. As with the above-mentioned vegetation mat, woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fibers, straw, or water-soluble thin paper is used for this vegetation base, and the protective net is made of synthetic resin such as vinyl, polyethylene, or nylon. A net-like structure is used.

For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-1843 states, ``Multiple sheets of thin partitioning material that does not hinder the germination and rooting of seeds and rhizomes are glued together, and a net with glue is grown between each layer to adhere them. The bag-shaped space created by each layer and the net contains seeds, rhizomes, and nurturing materials that directly and indirectly affect germination, rooting, and growth, and a separate soil-covering net is attached to the surface of the seed to create a vegetation. A net seeder is shown.

In addition, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-31620 states, ``A polymer piece with mixed seeds sandwiched between a recycled cotton web and a water-soluble paper is attached to a synthetic fiber film knitted body having an appropriate filling. A knitted body of the above-mentioned synthetic fiber film with an appropriate length of grass and water-soluble paper pasted is formed into a cylinder, and into this a vegetation bag strip containing a mixture of vegetation base material and seeds is sewn alternately. "Vegetation substrate obtained by combining etc."
It is shown.

(3) Vegetation reinforcement is a construction method in which a mat-like vegetation base carrying seeds and fertilizer is laid horizontally on the slope.

As in the case of the above-mentioned vegetation mat, woven fabric or non-woven fabric made of natural fibers, straw, water-soluble thin paper, etc. are used for this vegetation substrate. For example, the above-mentioned Tokuko Sho 45-252
No. 46 discloses a mode in which a pre-recording band is placed horizontally on a slope.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in each of the methods (1) to (3) above, when woven or nonwoven fabrics are used as the vegetation substrate, the seeds of foreign species carried on these fabrics are immediately destroyed. Although they germinate, take root, and grow, the invasion of native species (plants and plants) tends to be slow. This is because conventional woven and non-woven fabrics made of natural fibers such as cotton require a considerable period of time to rot and dissolve, and during that time they cover the slope surface and prevent the invasion of native species. This is because it was

In addition, when water-soluble thin paper is used as the vegetation substrate,
Since the water-soluble thin paper was very thin so as not to interfere with seed germination, there was a problem that it lacked strength and was easily torn during and after construction.

Furthermore, if a protective net is used as in (2) above, when trimming grown plants with a brush cutter such as a lawn mower, the protective net may wrap around the blade of the brush cutter and damage the expensive brush cutter. There was a problem. This is because most conventional protective nets are made of synthetic resin that does not rot, and this protective net is usually left on the slope without being removed even after the plants grow.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve these problems in the past,
After the seeds germinate and grow and the construction surface is stabilized, it must be strong enough to resist tears during and after construction. It is a new vegetation base and its base that is decomposed and eliminated by bacteria, filamentous fungi, actinomycetes, etc., which promotes the invasion of native species in the field, and which does not cause damage to lawn mowers and other brush cutters. The purpose is to provide a protective net.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following measures.

The vegetation substrate according to claim 1 is constructed by supporting seeds and fertilizers on a woven fabric made of synthetic yarn that is decomposed and eliminated by microorganisms in the soil.

The vegetation substrate according to claim 2 is constructed by supporting seeds and fertilizer on a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers that are decomposed and disappear by microorganisms in the soil. The vegetation substrate according to claim 3 is constructed by carrying seeds and fertilizer on a flocculent body made of synthetic fibers that is decomposed and destroyed by microorganisms in the soil.

In the above, the term "carrying" includes adhesion, clamping, hanging, confinement in a bag, etc.

Moreover, the protection net for the vegetation substrate according to claim 4 has a structure in which it is formed into a coarse net shape of synthetic linear bodies that are decomposed and disappear by microorganisms in the soil.

[Function] The vegetation substrate according to claims 1 to 3 is constructed by being laid out on a slope surface in a vegetation mat work or a vegetation net work, and is constructed by being inserted horizontally into a slope surface in a vegetation reinforcement work.

After this construction, if there is rainfall, etc., the vegetation substrate will retain water for a certain period of time, and the fertilizer carried on the vegetation substrate will gradually dissolve onto the slope surface, and the fertilizer will be applied slowly. Seeds will germinate and root within a few days after construction, depending on the type and temperature.

After the seeds germinate and grow to stabilize the construction surface (7'), the vegetation substrate of the present invention is decomposed by microorganisms present in the soil, and eventually becomes unable to maintain its shape and disappears from the slope. Therefore, it facilitates the subsequent invasion of native species.

Furthermore, since the vegetation substrate according to claims 1 and 2 has higher strength than conventional water-soluble thin paper, it also has the advantage of being less likely to tear during or after construction.

Next, the vegetation substrate protection net according to claim 4 is used to hold down the vegetation substrate in a vegetation net. After the seeds germinate and grow and the construction surface becomes stable, this protective net is also decomposed by the microorganisms present in the soil, eventually becoming unable to maintain its shape and disappearing from the slope. Therefore, when trimming grown plants with a brush cutter such as a lawn mower, there is no fear of damaging the brush cutter.

[Example] Hereinafter, examples in which the present invention is embodied in various aspects will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) The first embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 5 is composed of a mat-like vegetation substrate 1 and a protective net 2 adhered to its upper surface. This is an embodiment in which an embodiment of the present invention (claim 4) is used for the protective net 2. This embodiment is mainly used for vegetation netting.

Therefore, the vegetation substrate 1 may be made of any conventional material and structure, but in this embodiment, seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 are sandwiched between two flocculent bodies 3 made of recycled cotton. We adopted a structure in which these are bonded together using a water-soluble adhesive such as POVAL. Of course, this vegetation substrate 1 can also be constructed by adhering seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 to a piece of flocculent material 3, or can be made of the aforementioned conventional cotton woven fabric, non-woven fabric, straw straw, or water-soluble thin paper. It may also be configured using, etc.

Here, the seeds 4 may be mainly composed of fast-growing exotic species (for example, field grass, Kentara key 31 fescue, Cleavinda red fescue, red top, etc.), or may be composed mainly of native species (for example, meadohacus, It may be composed mainly of Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, Japanese knotweed, etc.). Further, the fertilizer 5 can be appropriately selected from various known fertilizers depending on the type of the seeds 4, the condition of the slope soil, and the like.

Furthermore, additives such as a soil improver and a water retention agent may be added to the seeds 4 and fertilizer 5. Particularly preferred as the water retention agent is granulated charcoal, which has not only water retention and guarantee properties, but also solar heat absorption and microbial support properties.

Now, the protective net 2 of this embodiment is formed into a coarse net shape of synthetic filaments that are decomposed and disappear by microorganisms in the soil, and the top surface of the vegetation substrate 1 is coated with a water-soluble material such as poval. Bonded with adhesive. Note that the vegetation substrate 1 and the protective net 2 may be tied together using a water-soluble fastening material such as paper string or a material that is decomposed and eliminated by microorganisms in the soil.

Here, the materials for the "synthetic linear bodies that are decomposed and disappear by microorganisms in the soil" that form the protective net 2 include artificially synthesized materials such as starch compounds, protein compounds, and vinyl emulsion compounds. Specific examples of the synthetic linear body include not only solid thin wires but also hollow thin tubes, strings made of twisted synthetic threads, and the like.

The shape of the eyes of the protective net 2 is not particularly limited, and may be square or hexagonal, for example. Furthermore, the space between the eyes may be knotted or knotless, as long as it has a net-like shape as a whole. Further, the roughness may be such that it prevents stones and clods from falling on the slope and does not interfere with the germination of the seeds 4.

The first embodiment configured as described above has a width of 50 to 200 a.
It is in the form of a strip of 1.5 m long and can be wound into a roll for convenience during transportation. To install this first example on a slope,
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the vegetation substrate 1 and the protective net 2 are spread out on a slope 6 with the latter facing upward, and fixed with skewers 7, anchors, etc. At this time,
Since the slope 6 is not completely flat in most cases, the vegetation substrate 1 has a portion floating from the slope 6 as shown in FIG.

After the above-mentioned construction, when the vegetation substrate 1 and the protective net 2 get wet due to rain or the like, the water-soluble adhesive that held them together will first dissolve. The part floating from the slope 6 is peeled off from the protective net 2 and tightly adheres to the slope 6. As a result, the slope 6 and the vegetation substrate 1 are protected by the protective net 2, the vegetation substrate 1 has a water retention effect, and the fertilizer 5 supported on the vegetation substrate 1 is gradually eluted onto the slope 6. Since fertilization is carried out slowly, the seeds 4 also supported on the vegetation substrate 1 are
Depending on the type and temperature, it will germinate within a few days after construction.
Root. Here, if the above-mentioned soil conditioner, water retention agent, etc. have been added to the vegetation substrate 1, soil improvement, water retention, guarantee,
Primary effects such as solar heat absorption and microbial support will be performed at the same time.

Subsequently, after the seeds 4 germinate and grow and the construction surface becomes stable, the protective net 2 formed of the synthetic filaments is decomposed by microorganisms present in the soil and eventually becomes unable to maintain its shape. It disappears from surface 6. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, by the time the grown plants need to be trimmed with a brush cutter such as a lawn mower, the protective net 2 has already completely disappeared, so there is no fear of damaging the brush cutter.

(Second Embodiment) In the second embodiment shown in FIG. This is an embodiment in which an embodiment of the invention (claim 4) is used. Although this embodiment is also used for vegetation netting, it is also possible to use only the vegetation substrate 1 excluding the protection net 2 for vegetation mat work or vegetation reinforcement work.

Now, the vegetation substrate 1 of this embodiment has seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 sandwiched between two woven fabrics 8 made of synthetic threads that are decomposed and extinguished by microorganisms in the soil. We adopted a structure in which they are bonded together using a water-soluble adhesive.

Of course, this vegetation substrate 1 includes seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 on a single woven fabric 8.
Alternatively, the woven fabric 8 may be laminated with the above-mentioned conventional natural fiber woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, straw, water-soluble thin paper, or the like. However, when layering conventional woven fabrics, etc., it is preferable that the fabrics have a coarse mesh so as not to prevent the invasion of foreign species.

Here, the material of the "synthetic yarn that is decomposed and disappears by microorganisms in the soil" that forms the woven fabric 8 can be the same as in the first embodiment, and the chain yarn may be monofilament or twisted yarn. . Further, the weaving method of the woven fabric 8 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a plain weave or a twill weave. Furthermore, the roughness of the texture may be such that it does not interfere with the germination and rooting of the seeds 4.

According to the second embodiment configured as described above, in addition to achieving the same effect as the first embodiment after construction on a slope, the microorganisms in the soil protect not only the protective net 2 but also the vegetation substrate. 1 decomposes and disappears, greatly promoting the subsequent invasion of alien species. Moreover, since the vegetation substrate 1 using this woven fabric 8 has higher strength than conventional water-soluble thin paper, it also has the advantage of being less likely to tear during or after construction.

By the way, as a modification that can achieve the same effects as the present embodiment, the woven fabric 8 may be replaced with a non-woven fabric 9 made of synthetic fibers that are decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and disappear.
Here are some examples of what has been replaced with . Here, as the material for the synthetic fibers j that form the non-woven fabric 9 (which are decomposed and disappear by microorganisms in the soil), the same materials as those in the first embodiment can be exemplified. Further, the thickness and coarseness of the nonwoven fabric 9 may be such that they do not interfere with the germination and rooting of the seeds 4.

(Third Embodiment) In the third embodiment shown in FIG. This is an embodiment in which the embodiment of claim 4) is used. This embodiment is mainly used for a vegetation net, but it can also be used for a vegetation mat or vegetation reinforcement by reinforcing the vegetation base 1 excluding the protective net 2.

Now, the vegetation substrate 1 of this embodiment has seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 sandwiched between two flocculent bodies 10 made of synthetic fibers that are decomposed and extinguished by microorganisms in the soil. We adopted a structure in which they are bonded together using a water-soluble adhesive such as. Of course, this vegetation substrate 1 can also be constructed by adhering seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 to a piece of cotton-like material 10, or can be constructed by bonding the seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 to a single piece of cotton-like material 10, or by combining the cotton-like material 10 with the conventional woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fibers described above. , or rather, may be constructed by overlapping water-soluble thin paper or the like. However, when layering conventional woven fabrics, etc., it is preferable that the fabric be coarse so as not to prevent the invasion of foreign species. Here, as the material of the "synthetic fibers that are decomposed and disappear by microorganisms in the soil" forming the flocculent body 10, the same materials as in the first embodiment can be exemplified.

According to the third embodiment configured as described above, the same effects as in the second embodiment are achieved, except that the strength of the vegetation substrate 1 is slightly lower than that of the second embodiment.

(Fourth Embodiment) In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. This is an embodiment in which an embodiment of the invention (claim 4) is used. Although this embodiment is also used for vegetation netting, it is also possible to use only the vegetation substrate 1 excluding the protection net 2 for vegetation mat work or vegetation reinforcement work.

Now, the vegetation substrate 1 of this embodiment has an upper flocculent body 10 formed of synthetic fibers that is decomposed and disappears by microorganisms in the soil, and a lower woven body 10 formed of synthetic fibers that disappears in the same way. A structure was adopted in which seeds 4 and fertilizer 5 were sandwiched between cloth 8 and these were adhered to each other with a water-soluble adhesive such as Poval. The details of the cotton-like body 10 and the woven fabric 8 are as shown in the second embodiment and the third embodiment.

The fourth embodiment configured as described above also provides substantially the same effects as the second embodiment.

By the way, as a modification that can achieve substantially the same effects as the present embodiment, there is a modification in which the woven fabric 8 is replaced with a non-woven fabric 9 made of synthetic fibers that is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and disappears. be able to.

(Fifth Example) A fifth example shown in FIG. 9 is one in which a woven fabric 8 or a non-woven fabric 9 is additionally bonded to the top layer of the vegetation substrate 1 in the fourth example, and the embodiment shown in this specification is Among the examples, it is the one with the highest effectiveness in terms of water retention, security, heat retention, etc. Basically, this embodiment also has substantially the same effects as the second embodiment.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiments, and can be modified and embodied as desired without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following excellent effects.

The vegetation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and disappears after slope construction, thereby promoting the invasion of foreign species. Furthermore, since the vegetation substrate according to claims 1 and 2 has higher strength than conventional water-soluble thin paper, it is difficult to tear during or after construction.

The protective net according to claim 4 is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and disappears after construction on the slope, so there is no fear of damaging brush cutters such as lawn mowers.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 5 show a vegetation substrate and its protection net according to the first embodiment embodying the present invention, Figure 1 is a sectional view of the same embodiment, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing the same embodiment constructed on a slope. The front view of the state, Figure 3 is a sectional view immediately after the construction, Figure 4 is a sectional view when it rains after the construction, and Figure 5 is when the protective net has been decomposed by microorganisms and disappeared after the construction. FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the vegetation substrate and its protective net according to the second embodiment, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the vegetation substrate according to the third embodiment and its protective net, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the vegetation substrate according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the vegetation substrate and its protective net according to the fifth embodiment. 1... Vegetation base, 2... Protection net, 4...
Seeds, 5...fertilizer, 6...slope,
8... Woven fabric, 9... Non-woven fabric, 10... Cotton-like material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A vegetation substrate comprising seeds and fertilizers supported on a woven fabric made of synthetic yarn that is decomposed and eliminated by microorganisms in the soil. 2. A vegetation substrate in which seeds and fertilizers are supported on a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers that is decomposed and eliminated by microorganisms in the soil. 3. A vegetation substrate made of flocculent material made of synthetic fibers that is decomposed and destroyed by microorganisms in the soil and carrying seeds and fertilizers thereon. 4. A protective net for the vegetation base formed in the form of a coarse mesh of synthetic filaments that are decomposed by microorganisms in the soil and disappear.