JPH03213535A - Woven or knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject woven or knitted fabric having excellent hygroscopicity, moisture-releasing property, etc., and suitable for sport wears, intermediate wears, inner wears, etc., by blending or conjugating a specific ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer with a thermoplastic polyester polymer. CONSTITUTION:(A) An ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 30-70mol% and a saponification degree of preferably >=95% and (B) a thermoplastic polyester polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate are mixed or conjugated into a sheath-core type shape in an A:B ratio of (5:95) to (60:40) to provide a multi-component yarn having a single filament fineness of >=5 denier. The yarn is woven or knitted into the objective woven or knitted fabric such as plain woven fabric, twill woven fabric, plain knitted fabric or plain knitted fabric and having a hygroscopicity of >=1.5% and a absorbed water-releasing rate of >=1.5%/min.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention provides fibers made by mixing or composing a saponified ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer) with a thermoplastic polyester resin. This invention relates to a woven or knitted fabric that has excellent moisture absorption and moisture release properties, and can be suitably used for, for example, innerwear, sports clothing, and the like.

(Conventional technology) Polyester fibers are produced in extremely large quantities as fibers due to their excellent general-purpose properties such as excellent strength, elasticity, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, weather resistance, and morphological stability that are not found in natural fibers. However, on the other hand, as clothing materials such as underwear and sportswear, due to their hydrophobic nature, they cannot quickly and effectively absorb and dissipate sweat, so when sweating, The humidity inside the clothes increases,
It has the disadvantage of causing discomfort such as stuffiness and wet skin.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In order to improve these drawbacks, various studies have been conducted on making polyester fibers hydrophilic. For example, attempts have been made to graft-polymerize a hydrophilic compound onto polyester, but if a large amount of hydrophilic compound is introduced, the original properties of the fiber base material will be impaired, making it impractical. On the other hand, if the amount of hydrophilic compounds is reduced, sufficient hydrophilicity cannot be obtained and discomfort during sweating cannot be alleviated. Therefore, there are limits to polymer modification through simple copolymerization, and the reality is that it has not yet been sufficiently improved as a material for clothing such as underwear and sportswear.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors conducted research to solve the above problems, and as a result, they arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention comprises an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) having an ethylene content of 30 to 70 mol% and a thermoplastic polyester polymer (
B) has a weight ratio of (A): (B)-5:95 to 60:
A woven or knitted fabric made of multicomponent fibers with a single fiber fineness of 5 deniers or less combined in the range of 40, the woven or knitted fabric having the following moisture absorption rate (X) and water absorption/dissipation rate (Y) X > 1.5% Y >1.5%/min.

(Function) Hereinafter, the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention will be explained in more detail based on the drawings and the like.

The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention preferably contains an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer with a saponification degree of 95 mol% or more and an ethylene component content of 30 to 70 mol% and a thermoplastic polyester resin in a weight ratio of 5:95 to 60:40. A woven or knitted fabric made of fibers mixed or composited within a range, where the single fiber fineness of the fibers constituting the woven or knitted fabric is 5 denier or less, the thickness of the woven or knitted fabric is 1 mm or less, and the basis weight is 250 g/m' or less. A certain woven or knitted fabric, the woven or knitted fabric has 1.5%<X, 1.5%/
This is a woven or knitted fabric with excellent moisture absorption and moisture release properties, which satisfies the condition <Y.

In the present invention, X indicates the moisture absorption rate (%) from an extremely dry state to 20° C. x 85% RH, which affects the comfort of the wearer, such as the feeling of stuffiness that occurs when sweating.

That is, if the moisture absorption rate X is 1.5% or less, the clothing hardly absorbs moisture, so the gaseous sweat cannot be effectively released to the outside, and the comfort cannot be expected to improve. Y indicates the water absorption and dissipation rate of the woven or knitted fabric when a certain amount of water droplets are placed on a polyethylene film and the woven or knitted fabric is placed on top of it in an environment of 20°C x 65% RH. This simulates the situation in which clothing in contact with the fabric absorbs sweat and evaporates and dries as it diffuses inside the fabric.

If Y is less than 1.5%/min, sweat accumulates on the skin and the time the clothes are wet becomes longer, resulting in persistent unpleasant sensations such as stickiness and dampness, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, in order to satisfy X and Y, the thickness of the woven or knitted fabric is preferably 1 mm or less and the basis weight is 250 g/m' or less, and the monofilament of the fibers constituting the woven or knitted fabric is preferably It is necessary that the fineness is 5 denier or less.

If the thickness of the woven or knitted fabric exceeds 1 mm, even if the woven or knitted fabric absorbs water, the water cannot be effectively dissipated, which is not preferable. In other words, when measuring Y, absorbed water moves quickly in the thickness direction, but does not spread in the lateral direction, so the water absorption and dissipation rate Y is not fully satisfied, and the desired excellent sweat treatment is not achieved. No effect will be obtained. Also, the basis weight is 25
If it exceeds 0 g/m2, the thickness will naturally increase, which is not preferable for the reasons mentioned above. If the single fiber fineness of the fibers constituting the woven or knitted fabric exceeds 5 dr, even if the woven or knitted fabric absorbs water,
Since the area for water evaporation is absolutely small, Y is not satisfied and the skin remains wet, which is not preferable.

The thickness and basis weight in the present invention are JIS L 1096.
Measured using the following method in accordance with The thickness is measured at 5 or more locations on the sample for a certain period of time under a certain pressure.
Measurements are taken after the thickness has settled down, and the average value is shown. This fixed time generally refers to 10 seconds, and the fixed pressure is the pressure specified in JIS. Measure and convert the average value to the weight per 1 m2.

Next, the measurement of X in the present invention involves taking a test piece of 10 cm x loam or more, and measuring its absolute dry weight (W) and temperature 2.
The test piece was left in a container whose humidity was adjusted to 0°C and 85% RH, and the weight (W
) is measured, and the value of X is calculated using the following formula.

Furthermore, the water absorption/dissipation rate Y of the woven or knitted fabric as referred to in the present invention is measured by testing according to the following procedures (1) to (4).

■ Cut the test piece into 10cm x loam pieces.

■ The sampled test piece was heated to a temperature of 20'C1C10o±5%.
Leave it in an RH environment for 5 hours or more to reach an equilibrium state.

(2) Measure the original weight of the polyethylene film and test piece using a balance in an environment of 20°C and 60±5%, and then accurately weigh 1 g of distilled water at 20±2°C onto the polyethylene film.

■ Transfer the polyethylene film containing Ig distilled water to a flat aluminum vat, cover it with the test piece, leave it to stand, and measure the time.

■ Then 3°, 5°, 10', 20', etc.
・60', etc. Weigh the entire mold except for the aluminum bat as time passes and determine the amount of remaining moisture.

(1) Taking 1 g of the distilled water poured as 100, plot the weight loss curve by showing the residual weight of water per hour in %.

(2) Calculate the water absorption/dissipation rate Y of the woven or knitted fabric from the time required for the residual moisture weight to decrease from 100% to 10%.

The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention may have any structure, such as plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, plain knit, rubber knit, purl knit, chain knit, Denby knit, cord knit, inlay knit, atlas knit, etc. It is not limited to. Furthermore, such a woven or knitted fabric does not need to be made up of 100% of the mixed or composite fibers, but may be a blended yarn, interlaced yarn, or interwoven or interwoven fabric with other natural or synthetic fibers.

Next, the structure of the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention will be explained in more detail.

The thermoplastic polyester resin referred to in the present invention is, for example,
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene 2.6-dicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, α, β-8 (4-carboxyphenoxy)ethane, 4.4°-dicarboxydiphenyl, 5-sodium sulfone isophthalic acid Acids or their esters and ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,
■, 4°-butanediol, neopentyl glycol,
It is a fiber-forming polyester synthesized from diol compounds such as cyclohexane, 1,4'-dimetatool, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, etc., and 80 mol% or more of the constituent units are particularly 90 mol%.
Polyesters in which the above units are ethylene terephthalate units or butylene terephthalate units are preferred. The polyester may also contain small amounts of additives, fluorescent whitening agents, stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, and the like.

As a method for obtaining the desired woven or knitted fabric with excellent moisture absorption and moisture release properties, in particular, a polyester resin containing polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate as a main component and a saponification degree of 95% or more and an ethylene component content of 3.
The weight is that 0 to 70 mol% of the two components of the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer are mixed or composited to form fibers to such an extent that the aggregate state of the two component polymers remains.

Various polymers are known as resins that have hygroscopicity and fiber-forming ability, but among these polymers, saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has a particularly high Young's modulus when absorbing moisture, and has a high wettability. It is excellent in that it does not feel sticky even when applied.

Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (hereinafter referred to as EVAL)
) is a saponified product with a saponification degree of 95% or more and an ethylene component of 30 to 70 mol%.
VAL is optimal. If the content of the ethylene component in EVAL increases, the number of hydroxyl groups (OH) naturally decreases, making it impossible to obtain the desired hydrophilicity, which is not preferable. In addition, if the ethylene component content is too low, the melt formability will decrease, and when it is mixed with polyester immediately before spinning and then turned into fibers, the spinnability will be poor and single yarn breakage and yarn breakage will increase, so it is not preferable. do not have. Further, it is not suitable because the heat resistance at 250° C. or higher, which is the spinning temperature of polyester, is insufficient. Therefore, it can be said that EVAL with a high degree of saponification and an ethylene component content of 30 to 70 mol% is suitable for obtaining the fiber of the present purpose. The hydroxyl group of EVAL may be acetalized with an aldehyde compound, more preferably with a dialdehyde compound such as glutaraldehyde or glyoxal.

In the present invention, it is necessary to mix or combine EVAL and polyester in a weight ratio of 5:95 to 60:40. If the weight ratio of EV A L is less than 5% by weight, the hydrophilic properties, especially the hygroscopic properties based on the polymer physical properties of the EV A L of the present invention will not become apparent, which is not preferable. Moreover, if it exceeds 60% by weight, the spinning process properties and the drawing process properties will deteriorate, which is not preferable, and the original performance of the polyester will decrease in terms of fiber properties.
This is not preferable because the strength becomes low. In addition, the EV used
If the degree of polymerization of AL is too low, the difference in melt viscosity from polyester during spinning becomes too large, the balance of the mixed or composite polymer deteriorates, and spinnability deteriorates, which is not preferable. From the viewpoint of spinnability, it is preferable that the melt index is 20 or less at 190° C. and under a load of 2160 g according to JIS-K-6730-1977. stomach.

Furthermore, mixing in the present invention means, for example, melt-extruding the (A) side polymer and the (B) side polymer separately,
Before reaching the spinning nozzle, the ratio of (A) to (B) is mixed uniformly or non-uniformly to a certain extent using a static mixer so that the ratio is a predetermined weight ratio, and then extruded from the spinning nozzle. , to become fibrous. Composite typically means that the (A) side polymer and the (B) side polymer are melt-extruded separately, and the ratio of (A) to (B) is adjusted to a predetermined weight ratio before reaching the spinning nozzle. After compounding so that it becomes, by extruding it from a spinning nozzle,
For example, the cross-sectional shape of the fibers may be a core-sheath type (Fig. 1), a bimetal type (Fig. 4), or a multilayer laminated type (Fig. 5).

Furthermore, in the present invention, such mixtures and composites may be combined to form fibers. For example, in a core-sheath type fiber, the (B) polymer is used as the core component and the (A) polymer is used as the sheath component.
) Polymer and the (B) polymer may be used as composite fibers made of a mixture of two components.

Furthermore, the present invention provides that the composite fiber can be formed into a fiber cross-sectional shape similar to pentagonal or hexagonal by high-order processing such as false twisting and crimping, or can be made into a three-sided fiber by using an irregular cross-sectional nozzle during spinning. Even if it has a multi-lobed shape such as leaf-shaped, T-shaped, four-lobed, five-lobed, six-lobed, seven-lobed, eight-lobed, etc., or various cross-sectional shapes, it can absorb and release moisture as the object of the present invention. It is possible to obtain excellent woven or knitted fabrics.

Figures 1 to 7 are examples of composite fibers consisting of a polymer on the (A) side and a polymer on the (B) side, and Figure 1 shows the core side (B).
side polymer, sheath side is (A) side polymer or (A)
, (B) is a mixed polymer, or in other cases, it does not matter which side is on the (A) side, and it does not need to be a perfect circle, but may be oval, rectangular, triangular, polygonal, shaped, or multilobed. I can't help it.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the moisture release characteristics of the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention, and the Y value in the present invention is calculated from this diagram.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for measuring the water absorption/dissipation rate Y of a woven or knitted fabric according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the specific structure and effects of the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 An ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) with an ethylene content of 48 mol% and a polyethylene terephthalate (B) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70 were melt-extruded using separate extruders to obtain (A) and After compounding so that the compounding ratio with (B) is 30 nia 0% by weight, the spinning nozzle discharges m3C1g/m1ns so that the cross section becomes a multilayer composite fiber as shown in Figure 5. Melt spinning was performed at a winding speed of 1200 m/min. The obtained spun yarn was heated with a hot roller at 75°C and a hot plate 12 using a normal roller plate type drawing machine.
Stretched at 0°C and a stretching ratio of 2.9 times, 77d/24
A multifilament of f was obtained. The fineness of single fiber is 3.2
It was denier. The obtained multifilament was used as the warp and weft with a thickness of 0.7 mm and a fabric weight of 160 g/m.
"I/I plain woven fabric was woven.The weaving process was also particularly problematic.
After de-sizing for 30 minutes in a bath at 80°C containing a composition solution containing the following, heat treatment was carried out at 180°C, and after that an alkali weight loss of about 20% was carried out.
It was stained by the following method.

Measured and evaluated based on the method described in the text.

Example 2 Using the same ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (A) and polyethylene terephthalate (B) as in Example 1,
Melt extrusion was performed using separate extruders to obtain (A) and (
After compounding B) so that the compounding ratio is 50:50% by weight, the composite polymer is discharged from a spinning nozzle at a rate so that the cross section becomes a core-sheath type composite fiber as shown in FIG. 18g/min, spinning winding speed 1000m
Melt spinning was carried out under the conditions of /min. The obtained spun yarn was heated with a hot roller at 75°C, a hot plate at 125°C, and a stretching ratio of 3.
A multifilament of 50 d/24 f was obtained by stretching under 3 times the stretching conditions. The fineness of the single fiber was 2 denier. Using the obtained multifilament, a plain weave fabric with a thickness of 0.18 mm and a basis weight of 70 g/m' (phase), a thickness of 1 mm, 3 mm,
A milled knitted fabric (■) with a basis weight of 200 g/m' was prepared. Actinol R-1001g/ρ
After desizing for 20 minutes in a bath at 80°C containing In order to eliminate uncrosslinked aldehyde groups, the composition solution containing 5 cc/12 HtOa was heated at 80°C.
, and treated for 30 minutes. Then, after heat setting at 180°C, dyeing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and finally finishing setting was carried out at 170°C.

The obtained woven or knitted fabric had a very good feel, and was measured and evaluated based on the method described in the text.

Example 3 Using the same ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer and polyethylene terephthalate as in Example 1, such polyethylene terephthalate was added to the core so that the cross section became a core-sheath composite fiber as shown in FIG. make use of,
For the sheath portion, the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer and the polyethylene terephthalate are mixed in a static mixer at a mixing ratio of 15:85% by weight, and the composite fiber is mixed so that the core/sheath composite ratio is 1.2. The composite polymer was melt-spun under conditions of a discharge rate of 29 g/min and a spinning winding speed of 800 m/min. The obtained spun yarn was heated with a hot roller at 75°C1 using a normal roller plate type drawing machine.
Stretched at 0°C and a stretching ratio of 3.1 times, 107d/3
A 6f multifilament was obtained. The fineness of the single fiber was 3 denier. Using the obtained multifilament,
Using multifilament with a thickness of 0.9mm and a basis weight of 130g/m2, thickness 0, 9mm+, basis weight 130g/m2
A knitted fabric with a milling structure was created. The knitted fabric was desized in a 98°C bath containing Actinol R-1001g/ρ for 20 minutes, then heat set at 180°C, and then treated under high temperature water at 130°C for 20 minutes. 20
% alkali weight loss was carried out. The subsequent staining was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the crosslinking agents Na2SO4 and H3BO3 were excluded.

The obtained knitted fabric had a very good feel, and was measured and evaluated based on the method described in the text.

Comparative Example 1 A 1/l plain woven fabric with a thickness of 0.08 mm and a basis weight of 55 g/m 2 made of ordinary polyester with a single fiber fineness of 2 denier was measured and evaluated based on the method described in the text.

The results of measuring X and Y of the woven and knitted fabrics shown in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 according to the method described in the text are summarized in Table 1 and FIG. 8.

As can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 8, Example 1,
2■) and 3 products obtained superior results in terms of moisture absorption rate X and water absorption and dissipation rate Y of woven and knitted fabrics compared to Comparative Example 2 ((Bl) and Comparative Example 1 product, which is a feature of the present invention. is appearing.

Furthermore, the woven and knitted fabrics shown in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were sewn into women's blouses, and a panel wear test was conducted in an artificial climate chamber. As a result, Examples I, 20),
All three products were compared to Example 2@) and Comparative Example 1.
It was rated by panelists as being comfortable with little stuffiness or stickiness.

Table ■ (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to obtain a woven or knitted fabric that takes advantage of the excellent general-purpose properties of polyester fibers and has excellent moisture absorption and moisture release properties. The present invention provides a clothing material with excellent comfort and suitable for use in sports clothing and the like.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 7 are cross-sectional views of typical multicomponent fibers constituting the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the moisture release characteristics of the woven and knitted fabrics obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, and the Y value in the present invention is calculated from this diagram. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for measuring the water absorption/dissipation rate Y of a woven or knitted fabric according to the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The saponified polymer (A) of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 30 to 70 mol% and the thermoplastic polyester polymer (B) have a weight ratio (A):(B)=5: 9
A woven or knitted fabric consisting of multicomponent fibers with a single fiber fineness of 5 denier or less combined in a ratio of 5 to 60:40, the woven or knitted fabric having the following moisture absorption rate (X) and water absorption/diffusion rate (Y) X>1 A woven or knitted fabric characterized by satisfying .5% Y>1.5%/min.