JPH03208802A - Co converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a CO converter having a long service life and high performance by measuring the temp. of a gas on the outlet side of a vessel packed with a CO conversion catalyst and controlling the amt. of cooling water based on the measurement signal to hold the outlet gas at a specified temp. CONSTITUTION:A vessel 2 packed with a CO conversion catalyst 1, an inlet cooler 3, an intermediate cooler 4, etc., are integrated to constitute a CO converter. A gaseous reactant contg. CO and steam is supplied to the converter from an inlet 5 to cause an exothermic reaction in the presence of the catalyst and converted into CO2 and hydrogen, and the converted gas is discharged from an outlet 6. The outlet gas temp. is measured by a thermometer 11 set at the outlet 6, the control valve 10 of a cooling water pipeline 9 is actuated by a controller 12 based on the measurement signal to adjust the amt. of cooling water to be supplied to the cooler 3, hence the outlet gas is held at a specified temp., and the reaction is carried out. Consequently, the outlet gas is always held at a specified temp. irrespective of the amt. of the gaseous reactant, and the composition of the outlet gas is kept constant.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a fuel cell system or a fuel reforming system of a hydrogen production device, in which carbon oxide and water vapor undergo an exothermic reaction under a catalyst. , COO for conversion to carbon dioxide and hydrogen
Regarding converters.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional COO converter, high temperature CQ converter, low temperature C
It consists of an OO converter and an intercooler.1
It was not possible to control the temperature of the reaction gas.

In addition, as described in JP-A-60-200801, CO
There is also an integrated O-converter cooler, but this also makes it impossible to control the temperature of the reactant gas.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The above conventional technology does not take into account compactness of the device and temperature control, and the gas temperature changes as the load changes, so the gas composition does not become constant, and the higher the gas temperature, the more the reaction occurs. Because the speed is high, if the temperature is low due to the load, there is a possibility that the desired gas composition may not be obtained. Furthermore, when the temperature becomes too high, the activity of the catalyst decreases, resulting in a shortened lifespan.

The purpose of the present invention is to keep the composition of the gas coming out of the CO converter constant regardless of the load, and to extend the life of the catalyst.

The purpose is to make the device more compact.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the COO converter of the present invention,
a CO conversion catalyst, a container for filling the CO conversion catalyst;
A cooler installed on the inlet side of the container, piping for guiding gas and cooling water to the cooler, and a control valve for controlling the amount of cooling water flowing into the piping.

A temperature measuring device installed on the outlet side of the container, and a regulator that receives a measurement signal from the temperature measuring device and operates the control valve to maintain the gas temperature at the outlet of the container at a predetermined value. be.

[Effect]

The CO converter converts reformed gas X (Hz, CO, COx, CH4e) from the fuel reformer using the following reaction formula.
This is a device that lowers the CO concentration of Hx O).

GO 1HzO → Hx + COx The above equation is an exothermic reaction, and the temperature of the gas increases.

A cooler is necessary because the above reaction needs to be carried out at a low temperature to lower the CO concentration.

In addition, the reaction rate is faster at higher temperatures, so
It is efficient to cause the reaction to occur in a high temperature region below the temperature at which the co concentration becomes a constant value.

On the other hand, the GO converter output log gas temperature is determined by the inlet gas temperature, and if the outlet gas temperature can be kept constant, the outlet gas composition will also be constant. For this reason, in the present invention, a temperature measuring device,
Using a control system consisting of a regulator and a control valve, the amount of cooling water flowing to the COO catalyst bed inlet cooler is adjusted based on the result of measuring the outlet gas temperature, thereby controlling the inlet gas temperature. In this way, the outlet gas temperature can be maintained at a predetermined value regardless of the gas amount, so the outlet gas composition can always be kept constant, and the reaction can be caused in a temperature range where the reaction rate is high, so the amount of catalyst can be reduced. It can be made smaller and the device can be made more compact.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows the basic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

The CO converter of this embodiment includes a catalyst container 2 filled with a COO conversion catalyst 1. Inlet cooler 3. Intercooler 49 Reaction gas inlet 1 Reaction gas outlet 6. Cooling water inlet lower, cooling water outlet 8
and a regulating valve 10. to control the inlet gas temperature. It has a configuration including a temperature measuring device 11 and a temperature regulator 12.

In the above configuration, the reactant gas entering from the reactant gas population 5 is cooled by the inlet cooler 3. At this time, the regulator 12 receives a temperature measurement signal from the CO conversion catalyst bed from the temperature measuring device 11 and operates the regulating valve 10 installed in the cooling water pipe 9. The necessary cooling water is flowing through 3. The reaction gas cooled by the inlet cooler 3 is CO
It enters the first layer of O-conversion catalyst, and the reaction proceeds according to the following reaction formula.

CO+HzC)4Hz+COz Since this reaction is exothermic, the temperature increases as the reaction force progresses. Then, when it leaves the COO catalyst layer, the temperature has risen to a predetermined temperature.

The reaction gas has a predetermined composition. If there is a difference between the predetermined temperature and the outlet gas temperature, the regulator 12 changes the opening degree of the control valve 10 to eliminate the difference, and adjusts the amount of cooling water flowing into the inlet cooler 3.

Here, when the reaction is carried out in the COO catalyst layer stage, the range of temperature rise is wide, so one type of catalyst cannot cope with the reaction. As an example, the operating temperature range of the catalyst and the range of gas temperature rise are shown below.

Catalyst operating temperature range: 200 to 280°C (temperature difference: 80°C) Gas temperature rise width ΔT = 150°C In this example, the opening degree of the control valve 10 is adjusted so that the inlet gas temperature does not fall below 200°C. By taking the amount of heat in the intercooler 4, it is possible to use only one type of catalyst. Furthermore, if the activity of the catalyst decreases, the reaction will be difficult to proceed at the same inlet gas temperature as the initial state, so the control valve 10 increases the inlet gas temperature.
The C○ conversion reaction, which works to maintain the outlet gas temperature at a predetermined value, has the characteristic that the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction rate. Therefore, the CQ converter of this example maintains the same performance over a long period of time from the initial state. It has an extremely long lifespan.

In addition, since it can be used in a temperature range where the reaction rate is high, the amount of catalyst can be small, and when combined with the fact that a cooler is built into the converter, the device can be made more compact.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention.

The CO converter of this example includes a low temperature COO conversion catalyst 1a,
Catalyst containers 2a, 2b filled with high temperature COO catalyst 1b,
The low-temperature side inlet cooler 3a, the high-temperature side inlet cooler 3b, the reactant gas lower 51, the reactant gas outlet 6°, the cooling water inlet lower, and the cooling water outlet 8 are integrally formed to control the low-temperature side inlet gas temperature. Control valve 10° Temperature meter 11. The configuration includes a regulator 12.

In the above configuration, the reaction gas entering from the reaction gas population 5 is cooled by the high temperature side inlet cooling 113b and guided to the high temperature CO conversion catalyst 1b layer. In this example.

Since about 2/3 of the reaction is completed in the high temperature CO conversion catalyst layer, the reaction gas discharged from the high temperature CO conversion catalyst layer, where the temperature rises rapidly, is cooled by the low temperature side inlet cooler 3a. At this time, the adjustment [12] receives a temperature measurement signal from the low-temperature CO conversion catalyst bed from the temperature measuring device 11, and operates the control valve 10 installed in the cooling water pipe 9. A necessary amount of cooling water is flowing into the inlet cooler 3a. That is, low temperature c
.

Since the inlet gas temperature is determined by the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the conversion catalyst layer, the temperature of the gas exiting the low-temperature CO conversion catalyst layer is maintained at a predetermined value regardless of the gas amount, and the composition of the outlet gas is adjusted, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. It can be kept constant. Furthermore, when the activity of the low-temperature COO catalyst decreases, the outlet gas temperature will decrease if the inlet gas temperature is the same as the initial state, so the control valve 10 increases the inlet gas temperature to maintain the outlet gas temperature at a predetermined value. Therefore, it can be used from the initial state for a long period of time in a temperature range where the reaction rate is high, and there is almost no change in performance. Therefore, according to this embodiment, a compact, long-life, and high-performance CO converter can be provided.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the outlet gas temperature can always be kept at a predetermined value regardless of the gas amount, so the outlet gas composition can be kept constant, and it can be used in a temperature range where the reaction rate is high, so the amount of catalyst can be small and the equipment Since the reactor gas temperature can be controlled in response to changes in catalyst activity, a long-life, high-performance CO converter can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. 1...COO catalyst, la...Low temperature COO catalyst. 1b...High temperature COO catalyst, 2, 2a, 2b...Catalyst container, 3...Inlet cooler, 3a...Low temperature side inlet cooler, 3b...High temperature side inlet cooler, 4... ...Intercooler, 5...Reaction gas inlet, 6...Reaction gas outlet, 7
...Cooling water inlet, 8...Cooling water outlet, 9...Cooling water piping, 10...Adjustment! Beggar 11 Sendandon 11-

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A CO conversion catalyst, a container for filling the CO conversion catalyst, a cooler installed on the inlet side of the container, piping for guiding gas and cooling water to the cooler, and controlling the amount of cooling water flowing into the piping. a temperature measuring device installed on the outlet side of the container, and a controller that receives a measurement signal from the temperature measuring device and operates the regulating valve so as to maintain the gas temperature at the container outlet at a predetermined value. CO converter.