JPH03199864A - Adsorption type refrigerator by circulation of adsorbent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the need for a heat exchanger, and to obtain an excellent coefficient of performance by disposing a means for carrying an adsorbent upward in the center of a vessel, forming a natural fall path for the adsorbent on the periphery and forming a circulating path for the adsorbent so that the upper side of said circulating path will be the high- pressure side and the lower side will be the low pressure side. CONSTITUTION:When a motor (7) is driven, a carrying means (6) is turned, an adsorbent (4) is elevated in a cylinder (5), is spread to the periphery in a circular upper end and falls down to a a gauze (8) section in a path (16) constituted between the outer circumference of the cylinder (5) and the inner circumference of a vacuum vessel (1), and is introduced into the cylinder (5) again and is lifted. Since the adsorbent (4) is disposed to an intermediate section and a condenser (2) is arranged to an upper section and an evaporator (3) to a lower section in the vacuum vessel (1) formed of a heat transmitting material in a cocoon shape at that time, the upper section of the adsorbent (4) is used as the high pressure side and a lower section as the low pressure side, and the adsorbent (4) falling in the path (16) is pushed from an upper section, thus allowing smooth circulation. The adsorbent (4) elevated in the cylinder (5) and the adsorbent (4) falling in the path (16) in the periphery of the cylinder (5) are heat exchanged mutually through the cylinder (5) in a heat exchanging section (4B). Accordingly, the adsorbent (4) before the working of desorption action is preheated, and the adsorbent (4) before the working of adsorption action is precooled, thus improving the C, O, P of an adsorption type refrigeration cycle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an adsorbent refrigerator that circulates and moves an adsorbent. This invention relates to an adsorption refrigerator that uses adsorbent circulation to perform an efficient refrigeration cycle.

(Prior Art) Recently, in adsorption refrigeration, adsorption refrigerators have been reviewed from the viewpoint of equipment costs and running costs, and various inventions and ideas related thereto have been announced.

In general, adsorption refrigerators use a solid adsorbent such as silica gel or zeolite to repeatedly desorb and adsorb a refrigerant such as water or alcohol, and use the heat of vaporization of the refrigerant generated during adsorption to extract cold water and cool the room. It is used for such purposes.

The operating principle will be explained using FIG. 3. (31) is an adsorbent-filled tube, and a solid adsorbent is attached around the heat transfer tube. On the other hand, (32) is a heat transfer tube, and fins are provided around the tube. And these two types of tubes (31)
, (32) each form a heat exchanger, and the adsorbent filling pipe (31)gj heats and cools the adsorbent,
On the heat transfer tube (32) side, the refrigerant is cooled and condensed, and cold water is taken out, and these are usually housed in a cylindrical vacuum container (33) together with the refrigerant water.

The desorption action is carried out by heating the adsorbent by flowing hot water through the adsorbent-filled tube (31). As a result, the refrigerant adsorbed by the adsorbent turns into water vapor, and the refrigerant is turned into water vapor.
2) Floating nearby, and at this time, when cooling water is flowed through the heat exchanger tube (32), the water vapor loses heat near the heat exchanger tube (32), condenses and becomes water, and adheres to the heat exchanger tube (32). .

On the other hand, for the adsorption action, cooling water is flowed through the adsorbent filling pipe (31) to cool the adsorbent. As a result, the adsorbent adsorbs the water adhering to the heat transfer tube (32) and converts it into water vapor, and the heat of vaporization generated at this time cools the heat transfer tube (32). Therefore, the water flowing through the heat exchanger tubes (32) at this time is cooled, and this cooled water is used for air conditioning and the like.

The above is the principle of a general adsorption refrigerator, but in reality, the heat exchanger tube (32) is often divided into a condenser and an evaporator. However, in any case, the adsorbent is fixed as described above, and heating and cooling are repeated alternately to perform desorption and adsorption.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, in the conventional adsorption refrigeration systems as described above, the adsorbent is heated or cooled while being positioned at a specific location. A switching device was essential for the vessel. Even when switching, the temperature of the heat exchanger does not change immediately, and a loss of time and energy occurs during the switching.

Therefore, in order to solve these problems, the present inventors have previously disclosed a completely new type of adsorption refrigerator that circulates the adsorbent. (Refer to Japanese Patent Application No. 112324) The structure of this refrigerator is as shown in Fig. 2, in which the adsorbent enters the desorption rotating drum (21) provided above via a screw conveyor (26). (25) is a desorption measurement heat exchanger (2) installed in this rotating drum (21).
2), the refrigerant is desorbed from the condenser (28), and then naturally falls through the guide passage (27) and enters the suction side rotating drum (21)' provided below, where it is used for adsorption. The heat exchanger (22)' cools the evaporator (3).
The cycle of adsorbing refrigerant from 0) is repeated.

Therefore, there is no need to switch between adsorption and desorption operations, and both operations are performed in parallel and continuously, making it possible to construct an excellent adsorption refrigerator that does not cause time loss or energy loss.

However, in order to obtain stable refrigeration output, this is inconvenient as it is, and for example, in the above-mentioned refrigerator, the rotating drum on the desorption side (
The area around the rotating drum (21)' becomes high pressure due to refrigerant desorption, while the area around the adsorption side rotating drum (21)' becomes low pressure due to adsorption, but for the above purpose, it is necessary to keep the saturated vapor pressure difference between the two constant. be.

To cope with this, it is necessary to provide a steam valve, an orifice (29), etc. to the guide passage (27).

Furthermore, apart from this, a heat exchanger is prepared, and the adsorbent entering the desorption side rotating drum (21) and the adsorption side rotating drum (21) are prepared.
Customary measures to improve the coefficient of performance (COP) must also be used, such as heat exchange with the adsorbent entering the sorbent.

Further, a motor (M) is required for each of the rotating drums (21) and (21)', which tends to increase the size of the entire device.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention utilizes the advantages of the adsorbent circulation system, further downsizing and simplifying it, and also provides sufficient c.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an adsorption refrigerator using improved adsorbent circulation that can obtain o and p.

(Means for Solving the Problems) That is, the feature of the adsorption refrigerator using adsorbent circulation according to the present invention, which is suitable for the above-mentioned purpose, is that the means for transporting the adsorbent upward in the container is arranged at the center, and the A natural fall passage for the adsorbent is provided at the top to form a circulation path for the adsorbent, and the upper side of the circulation path is formed as a high pressure side, while the lower side is formed as a low pressure side.

Here, the formation of the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side is achieved by providing an adsorbent heating means for the upper adsorbent in the adsorbent circulation path, and an adsorbent cooling means for the lower adsorbent in the adsorbent circulation path, respectively, A condenser is disposed above the circulation path, and an evaporator is disposed below the circulation path.

Also, between the upper and lower adsorbents in the adsorbent circulation path,
The present invention can be made more effective by providing a heat exchange portion where the adsorbent that descends after completing desorption and the adsorbent that ascends after completing adsorption exchange heat via a heat transfer surface. .

(Function) According to the above submission, the adsorbent rises through the conveyance means and then falls around it, repeating the cycle, during which time the adsorbent is heated in the upper part of the circulation path and the refrigerant is desorbed. On the other hand, in the lower part of the circulation path, the adsorbent is cooled and the refrigerant is adsorbed. The desorption refrigerant is then cooled in a condenser placed above the adsorbent, where it is condensed into a liquid state. Next, this liquid refrigerant is sent to an evaporator placed below the adsorbent through a trap pipe or the like, where it is adsorbed by the adsorbent for the reasons mentioned above. At this time, the heat of vaporization is taken away and cold energy is supplied to the user side, similar to a normal refrigerator.

By the way, in the refrigerator according to the present invention, a condenser is disposed in the upper part and an evaporator is disposed in the lower part, and an adsorbent circulation function is interposed between the condenser and the evaporator. Therefore, the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side are each sealed by the particle layer of the adsorbent itself, and the saturated vapor pressure difference between the two is maintained, resulting in a stable refrigeration output.

Further, due to this arrangement, the pressing force on the high pressure side promotes the movement of the adsorbent in the descending passage, thereby making the circulation of the adsorbent smooth.

On the other hand, by providing a heat exchange section as described above between the upper adsorbent and the lower adsorbent in the adsorbent circulation path, heated adsorbent descends through this section and cooled adsorbent ascends through the same section. Heat exchange takes place between them through the walls of the transport vehicle, preheating the adsorbent before entering the desorption action and precooling the adsorbent before entering the adsorption action, resulting in significant improvements in c, o, and p. be able to.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partial top view (A) and a side view (B) showing the structure of an adsorption refrigerating machine with adsorbent circulation according to the present invention.

In the figure, (1) is a vacuum container formed in a cocoon shape with a heat conductive material, and a condenser (21) is provided at the top, an evaporator (3) is provided at the bottom, and an adsorbent (3) is provided between the two. 4) is filled in. (5) is a cylinder with openings at the top and bottom that is enclosed in the filled adsorbent (4), and is made of a heat conductive material. An adsorbent conveying means (6) such as a screw conveyor or a coil spring is provided.

(7) is a motor that drives this conveyance means (6).

Note that the adsorbent (4) is prevented from falling into the evaporator (3) by a wire mesh (8) stretched around the inner periphery of the vacuum container (11).

In addition, the compressor (2) has downwardly inclined fins (9A
) and an inclined plate αΦ facing the fin (9A), while the evaporator (3) is provided with a fin (9B). A refrigerant reservoir 0υ is formed inside the condenser (2) by the inclined plate 00) and the inner wall of the vacuum container (1), and the refrigerant reservoir 0D and the upper part of the evaporator (3) are connected to the trap pipe (2).
) are connected by.

Furthermore, like a normal adsorption refrigerator, a predetermined amount of refrigerant is sealed in the vacuum container (1).

On the other hand, (13A) to (130) are tubes installed around the outer periphery of the vacuum container (1), including a condenser (2) and adsorbents (an upper shaft adsorbent (48) in the 41m ring path);
They are provided corresponding to the lower adsorbent (4C) and the evaporator (3), respectively, and in both cases, a predetermined heat medium (described later) flows from the inlet 04) toward the outlet a, heating and cooling each part. Ru.

In addition, a portion where the tube is not circumferentially provided is provided between the upper adsorbent (4A) and the lower adsorbent (4C), and a heat exchange portion (4B) between the adsorbent (4) to be described later. is formed.

The above is an outline of the structure of the adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention. Next, the operation of this adsorption refrigerator will be explained below.

When the motor (7) is driven, the conveying means (6) rotates, whereby the adsorbent (4) rises inside the cylinder (5), reaches the upper end of the cylinder (5), spreads around the cylinder (5) It falls through the passage formed between the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the vacuum container to the metal steel (8), enters the cylinder (5) again, and rises, repeating the cycle.

At the same time, during this period, the tube (13
8), a heat source is supplied to the tube (13B) surrounding the upper adsorbent (4A), and a heat source is supplied to the tube (13B) surrounding the upper adsorbent (4A).
Supply cooling water to the tube (13C) installed around C),
Cold water is supplied to a tube (130) surrounding the evaporator (3).

Then, the upper adsorbent (4A) is heated and an undercoat effect occurs, and water vapor is released toward the condenser (2).

This water vapor is cooled in the condenser (2) and the fins (
98), the refrigerant is stored in the refrigerant reservoir OD and sent to the evaporator (3) via the trap pipe α. On the other hand, the adsorbent (4) after desorbing the refrigerant falls down the passage 00 and becomes a lower adsorbent (4C), where it is cooled. As a result, an adsorption effect occurs on the lower adsorbent (4C) side, the refrigerant in the evaporator (3) is adsorbed by the adsorbent (4), and cold heat is generated in the evaporator (3). As in the normal case, this cold heat is supplied from the evaporator (3) to the user side by means of cold water flowing through the tube (130).

Of course, the above-mentioned effects occur continuously as the adsorbent (4) circulates, and it goes without saying that loss-free refrigeration operation is therefore possible.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, since the adsorbent (4) is placed in the middle, the condenser (2) is placed above and the evaporator (3) is placed below, the upper side of the adsorbent (4) is the high pressure side, The lower side is the low pressure side, and the adsorbent (4) falling down the passage αO can be pressed from above, allowing smooth circulation of the descending adsorbent without stagnation.

In addition, the longitudinally structured adsorbent particle layer is continuously replenished while descending by subsequent particles from above the transport device, so that an almost constant layer thickness is maintained.

1 2 Another feature of the adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention is that it serves to maintain the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides.

On the other hand, in the circulation path of the adsorbent (4), the upper adsorbent (4A)
The heat exchanger section (4B), which is provided between the lower adsorbent (4C) and the part where the heating medium tube is not circumferential, is the part between the adsorbent (4) rising in the cylinder [5] and its surroundings. This is the part where the adsorbent (4) falling through the passage α0 exchanges heat with each other via the cylinder (5). The former is the adsorbent (4) after being cooled, whereas the latter is the adsorbent (4) after being heated, and the adsorbent (4) rising when these two face each other is Heated and descending adsorbent (4)
is cooled. As is well known, c, o, and p of an adsorption refrigeration cycle can be improved by preheating the adsorbent (4) before entering the desorption action and precooling the adsorbent (4) before entering the adsorption action. The heat exchange section described above has the function and effect for this purpose, and there is no need to provide an additional heat exchanger for the same purpose as in the conventional case.

Finally, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, it goes without saying that the tubes (13A) to (130) provided around the vacuum container (1) can be changed to known heating means and cooling means as appropriate.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention raises the adsorbent by means of a conveyance means, provides a natural fall path for the adsorbent around it, and has a high pressure side above the adsorbent and a low pressure side below the adsorbent. This constitutes an adsorption refrigerator with a simple structure based on adsorbent circulation.

In addition, it has the following characteristics.

In other words, an aggregate of adsorbents is interposed between the upper high-pressure side and the lower low-pressure side to maintain the saturated vapor pressure difference between the two, so a partition wall or other mechanism, or orifice, etc. There is no need to attach.

In addition, by providing a heat exchange section between the upper adsorbent and the lower adsorbent through counterflow of adsorbents, the adsorbent before desorption is preheated and the adsorbent before adsorption is precooled, so a heat exchanger is installed. You can get a good coefficient of performance even if you don't.

3 4 Furthermore, by configuring as in the present invention, only one drive device is required for circulating the adsorbent, making the entire device compact and compact.
Moreover, the structure can be simplified, and an adsorption refrigerator with adsorbent circulation that is superior not only in terms of performance but also in practical terms can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial top view and side view of an adsorption refrigerator using adsorbent circulation according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are side views of a conventional adsorption refrigerator. (1)...Vacuum container, (2)...Condenser, (3)...Evaporator, (4)...Adsorbent, (4A)...Upper adsorbent, (4B>・... Heat exchange part, (4C) ... Lower adsorbent, (6) ... Conveying means, (13A) - (13D) ... Tube, αO ... Passage. 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A means for transporting the adsorbent upward is arranged at the center in the container, and a natural fall passage for the adsorbent is provided around the container to form a circulation path for the adsorbent, and the circulation cycle is An adsorption refrigerator using adsorbent circulation, which is characterized by forming a refrigeration cycle. 2. A high-pressure side adsorbent heating means and a condenser are arranged above the adsorbent circulation path, while a low-pressure side adsorbent cooling means and an evaporator are arranged below, and the vapor pressure difference between the two is used to calculate the adsorbent particles. The adsorption refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the adsorbent is retained in layers. 3. Between the upper and lower adsorbents in the adsorbent circulation path,
3. A heat exchange section in which the adsorbent that descends after completing desorption and the adsorbent that ascends after completing adsorption exchange heat through a heat transfer wall surface also serves as a conveyance path. Adsorption refrigerator using adsorbent circulation.