JPH0319034B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a bolt removal tool, and more particularly to a bolt removal tool that can be attached to and removed from a spindle head of a machine tool and used interchangeably with conventional cutting tools.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Generally, tool-changeable machine tools are used by attaching and detaching various cutting tools to a spindle head, so that a single machine tool can perform various cutting operations.

On the other hand, in recent years, complex production systems have been developed that are capable of not only cutting workpieces but also assembling multiple parts at the same time. In this complex production system, a single machine tool is required to perform many different work functions such as cutting, assembly, disassembly, and cleaning, so conventional machine tools that can only be used interchangeably with cutting tools are insufficiently functional. and
It has become necessary to be able to attach assembly tools, disassembly tools, cleaning tools, etc. to the spindle head.

[Purpose of the invention]

Among the various tools that are required to be attached and detached from the spindle head of a machine tool used in the above-mentioned complex production system, the present invention specifically aims to provide a bolt removal tool for removing workpiece assembly bolts.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the bolt removal tool of the present invention has a rod-shaped member held by a tool holder that is attached to and detached from a spindle head of a machine tool,
A bolt fitting part is provided at the tip of the rod-shaped member, and an air passage is formed that penetrates from the rear end of the tool holder to the tip of the rod-shaped member, and the rod-shaped member can be attached to and removed from a spindle head of a machine tool. In addition, when installed, it rotates integrally with the spindle, and air can be blown out from the bolt fitting part.

[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the bolt removal tool according to the present invention includes a tool holder 1 mounted on the spindle side of a machine tool, and a rod-shaped member 3 held on the front end surface of the tool holder 1 via a joint 2. It is equipped with

The external shape of the tool holder 1 is no different from the conventional one, and the taper shank portion 4 is inserted and fitted into a taper hole formed at the tip of a spindle of a machine tool. Pull stud 5 provided at the rear end
is designed to be held by the machine tool. However, the tool holder of the present invention is formed with an air passage 6 that penetrates in the axial direction, and high-pressure air supplied from the machine tool is guided to the joint 2 and the rod-shaped member 3 through this air passage 6. It's starting to get worse. Although the shank portion is formed in a tapered shape in this embodiment, it is of course possible to adopt a straight portion. If a straight shank part is used, the spindle tip of the machine tool should also be formed into a straight hole.

The joint 2 includes a cylindrical cylinder member 7 attached to protrude in the axial direction from the front end surface of the tool holder 1, and a ring member 8 attached to the tip of the cylinder member 7 so as to be able to reciprocate. It is made up of.

The cylinder member 7 is fastened and fixed to the front end surface of the tool holder 1 by a plurality of bolts 10 at a flange 9 provided on the rear side thereof. Further, an opening 11 is formed at the rear end of the cylinder member 7, and the air passage 6 of the tool holder 1 and the internal space 12 of the cylinder member 7 communicate with each other through the opening 11. . Furthermore, a spring 13 is inserted into the internal space 12,
The rear end of this spring 13 is supported by the rear locking surface of the cylinder member 7, and the front end is supported by the inner space 1.
It is in contact with a rod-shaped member 3 inserted into 2.
Thereby, the rod-shaped member 3 is urged in the axial direction. Furthermore, a spline shaft 14 is formed at the outer circumference of the tip end of the cylinder member 7, and this spline shaft 14 is fitted into a spline groove 15 formed on the inner circumference side of the ring member 8. This constitutes a spline joint mechanism, and the ring member 8 is held so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction. Further, the spline shaft 14 and the spline groove 15 have a relatively large gap,
The ring member 8 is designed to be able to swing to some extent.

The rod-shaped member 3 has an elongated rod portion 16 and a bolt fitting portion 17 provided at the tip of the rod portion 16. The rear end portion of the rod portion 16 is connected to the inner space 1 of the cylinder member 7 as described above.
2 so as to be reciprocally movable, and is biased in the axial direction by a spring 13. Further, a flange portion 18 is provided slightly forward of the insertion portion into the cylinder member 7, and this flange portion 18 is fixed to the front end surface of the ring member 8 by a plurality of screws 19. This allows the rod-shaped member 3 to reciprocate and swing integrally with the ring member 8. Further, the bolt fitting portion 17 is
It consists of sockets, trenches, rod spanners, and other items that fit into the bolt head and can rotate the bolt. Furthermore, an air passage 21 is provided inside the rod-shaped member 3 and extends through the rod-shaped member 3 in the axial direction.
1 allows air in the internal space 12 of the cylinder member 7 to flow outward from the bolt fitting portion 17. Furthermore, the cylinder member 7
and the rod portion 1 inserted into the cylinder member 7.
6, an O-ring 22 is inserted between the rod-shaped member 3 to ensure airtightness, and the O-ring 22 acts as a cushion when the rod-shaped member 3 swings due to eccentricity or misalignment of the bolt head to be removed. It's starting to work.

The joint 2 is covered by a cylindrical cover 23, and the rear opening edge of the cover 23 is fastened to the front end surface of the tool holder 1 together with the collar 9 of the cylinder member 7 by the bolts 10. . Further, an opening is formed at the front end of the cover 23, and a sliding bearing 24 is disposed within this opening. The slide bearing 24 supports the rod portion 16 of the rod-shaped member 3 so as to be able to reciprocate. Note that an O-ring 25 is inserted between the slide bearing 24 and the opening edge, and the rod-shaped member 3
It is designed to act as a cushion when it oscillates.

The bolt removal tool of the present invention having such a configuration is used as shown in FIG.

That is, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of a spindle head of a machine tool that uses the bolt removal tool according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the part indicated by a chain circle in FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes a spindle, which is rotatably supported by bearings 33a, 33b, and 33c provided on the head body 32. A tapered hole 36 is formed at the tip of the spindle 31, into which the tapered shank portion 4 of the tool holder 1 is inserted. Also, spindle 3
1, a draw bar 38 is held movably in the axial direction. A collet 39 is attached to the tip of the drawbar 38.
The pull stud 5 of the tool holder 1 can be clamped by moving it rearward (rightward in FIG. 2). A large number of disc springs 42 are attached to the rear part of the spindle 31 via sleeve-shaped guides 41, and the rear ends of the disc springs 42 are
Tightening nut 4 screwed onto the rear end of the drawbar 38
3 through the collar 44. On the rear side of the drawbar 38, a drawbar extrusion piston 45 driven by hydraulic pressure is provided on the rear side of the drawbar 38.
8 and is slidably disposed in the same axial direction.
The piston 45 has a rear end surface 38 of the draw bar 38.
a (see Figure 3)
5a is provided, and this contact portion 45
A large diameter concentric circle 45b is formed on the side a. That is, the piston 45 moves around this concentric circle 45.
b is formed, the drawbar 38 side is formed into a hollow cylinder shape, and a disk-shaped tightening nut 43 screwed onto the rear end of the drawbar 38 is inserted into this concentric circle 45b. A sealing member 4 is provided between the inner circumference of the concentric circle 45b and the outer circumference of the tightening nut 43.
6 is attached, and this seal member 46 forms a sealed space 47 between the tightening nut 43 and the concentric circle 45b of the piston 45. In this embodiment, an X-ring (registered trademark of Nippon Valqua Industries, Ltd.) made of nitrile rubber and having an X-shaped cross section is used as the sealing member 46. piston 4
5 is slidably disposed within the cylinder 48. The cylinder 48 is further extended toward the drawbar 38, and serves as a cover cylinder 48a that surrounds the drawbar 38 and the disc spring 42. Reference numeral 49 is a cylinder lid for closing the end of the cylinder 48, and the rear portion 45c of the piston 45 is disposed to protrude through the lid 49.

The drawbar 38 is provided with an air passage 50 that penetrates from the rear end surface 38a to the front end surface. Reference numeral 50a indicates an air passage inlet provided at the rear end surface 38a, and reference numeral 50b indicates an air passage outlet provided at the tip. The air passage outlet 50b opens into a space 51 in which the end of the pull stud 40 clamped to the collet 39 is located.

On the other hand, the piston 45 includes a piston rear portion 45c.
An air passage 52 is formed on the same line as the air passage 50 provided in the drawbar 38 toward the contact portion 45a.
The contact portion 45a is provided with an air blowing hole 53 from the air passage 52. An air supply hose 54 is connected to the air passage 52 so that air can be introduced from an air supply source (not shown).

Hydraulic pressure supply pipes 55 and 56 are connected to the front and rear positions of the piston 45, respectively. code 57
is an exhaust hole provided in the cover cylinder 48a, and 58 is a gear for rotationally driving the spindle 31.

In a machine tool with such a configuration,
Pressure oil is supplied from the hydraulic supply pipe 56, the piston 45 is moved backward, and the rear end surface 38 of the drawbar 38 is
When the contact portion 45a of the piston 45 is released from the contact portion 45a of the piston 45, the drawbar 38 is moved rearward (rightward in FIG. 2) by the elastic force of the disc spring 42. As a result, the pull stud 5 is pulled and held by the collet 39, and the tool holder 1 is firmly attached to the tip of the spindle 31. If the spindle 31 is rotated in this state, the spindle 31
The bolt removal tool according to the invention, which is mounted on the machine, is also driven in rotation. Therefore, if the bolt fitting portion 17 of the bolt removal tool is fitted to the workpiece assembly bolt, the bolt can be loosened by driving the spindle 31. Furthermore, when the bolt removed from the workpiece is attached to the bolt fitting part 17, if air is supplied from the air supply hose 54 into the air passage 52 of the piston 45, the air will flow from the air outlet 53 into the sealed space. 47, then enters the air passage 50 from the inlet 50a provided on the rear end surface 38a of the drawbar 38, and enters the air passage 50 through the outlet 50b.
is released into the space 51 from. Furthermore, this air enters the bolt removing tool from the pull stud 5 side of the bolt removing tool, and enters the air passage 6 of the tool holder 1.
The air passes through the cylinder member 7, flows into the internal space 12 through the opening 11 of the cylinder member 7, and then passes through the air passage 21 of the rod-shaped member 3 and is ejected outward from the bolt fitting portion 17. This ejected flow makes it possible to reliably separate the bolt attached to the bolt fitting portion 17 from the bolt removal tool and cause it to fall downward.

In addition, in the bolt removal tool of the present invention, since the rod-shaped member 3 can reciprocate in the axial direction and can swing to some extent, when fitting the bolt, the bolt head and the bolt fitting Part 17
Even if the axes of the threaded part and the head are slightly misaligned, such as with general rolled bolts, the bolt removal tool can be easily fitted to the bolt head, making it extremely easy to use. It is convenient for Furthermore, when rotating and loosening the bolt, all the movement of the bolt head can be absorbed by the backward movement of the rod-shaped member 3, and the machine body can simply be moved backward at an appropriate feed rate in accordance with the movement of the bolt. There is no need to strictly synchronize the bolt to thread pitch.
Therefore, a synchronizing device or the like is not required, which is extremely economical.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the bolt removal tool according to the present invention has a rod-shaped member having a bolt fitting portion at the tip thereof held by a tool holder that is attached to and detached from the spindle head of a machine tool, and a rod-shaped member that is attached to the rear end of the tool holder. Since an air passage is formed that penetrates to the bolt fitting part of the member, it can be used with a conventional cutting tool in a tool-changeable machine tool, and it is possible to loosen bolts for workpiece assembly. Furthermore, if the removed bolt is stuck to the bolt fitting part, by blowing air from the bolt fitting part, the bolt can be reliably removed from the bolt removal tool, and the next bolt removal tool can be used. can be used to remove bolts. Therefore, according to the bolt removal tool of the present invention, it is possible to greatly advance a complex production system in which cutting, assembling, disassembling, etc. of workpieces are performed in the same place, and realizing machine work with extremely high workability. can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a bolt removing tool according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a spindle head of a machine tool on which the bolt removing tool according to the invention is installed, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the chain circle. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Tool holder, 2... Joint, 3... Rod-shaped member, 6... Air passage, 7... Cylinder member, 8...
...Ring member, 16...Rod part, 17...Bolt fitting part, 21...Air passage, 23...Cover.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A tool holder that is attached to and detached from a spindle head of a machine tool; A rod-shaped tool holder that is held in the tool holder so that it can reciprocate and swing in the axial direction, and that has a bolt fitting part formed at one end. A bolt removal tool comprising: a member; and an air passage is formed through the tool holder from the rear end of the tool holder to the bolt fitting part of the rod-shaped member. 2. The bolt removal tool according to claim 1, wherein the rod-shaped member is held to the tool holder via a joint equipped with a spline mechanism.