JPH03188947A - Grinder and attachment of grinding part fitted to device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable an object ground to a large cant to be ground into a small cant by the same crusher by replaceably fitting both an attachment for the large cant and the attachment for the small cant for the stitching part of a fixed jaw and a movable jaw. CONSTITUTION:A crushing device 4 is constituted of both a fixed jaw 4a of a main body side which forms the device main body and a movable jaw 4b turned around a pin 7 and fitted to the arm 8 of a construction machine. The attachment 1A of a large cant tooth is fitted to the fitting plate 5a of the fixed jaw 4a with the bolts 6. The attachment 1B of the large cant tooth is fitted to a fitting plate 5b so that a fanglike tooth 3B is bitten between the fang teeth 3A of the attachment 1A. Thereby an object E is made to a large cant. Then the attachments 3A, 3B for the large cant are detached and the attachments for the small cant are fitted to the fitting plates 5a, 5b respectively instead thereof. The teeth 13 of the attachments for the small cant are formed into a series of plates. The side faces are made of a trapezoid and formed into a shape by which the crushed materials 16 are picked up.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a crushing device and the configuration of an attachment that is a meshing member used in the crushing section of the device, and is particularly suitable for dismantling and crushing machines such as automobile engines. The present invention relates to a suitable crushing device and a meshing member for the same.

[Conventional technology]

The life cycles of various products are becoming shorter due to the rapid improvement in product performance and changes in customer preferences, and as a result, a large amount of waste is being generated in response to new demand in various product fields. Become.

If these wastes are left as they are, they will pollute the environment and hinder the effective use of valuable land.

On the other hand, many of these wastes are reusable, and it is economically desirable to collect and reuse them.

From this point of view, discarded automobiles are a valuable recycled resource, and re-collection is currently being actively carried out as resource recovery.

Specifically, the engine and power system devices connected to it, such as the transmission, are first removed from a discarded vehicle, and the body is compressed into a nearly box-like shape using a compressor, etc., to reduce its bulk and make it easier to transport. It will be easily processed and transported in this state to a steelworks where it will be used as a recycled steel resource.

On the other hand, many parts of the engine are now made of aluminum-based metals, and although its resource value is several steps higher than that of the body, it has a more complex structure than the body. Therefore, it is virtually impossible to treat it in a simple way as in the case of the body. Therefore, it is now common practice to manually disassemble the engine after it has been removed from the body, and in some cases crush the parts with a hammer or the like, and reuse the engine in this state. As a result, workers are forced to do heavy labor, work efficiency is low, and the work environment is also poor. Therefore, the reality is that it is becoming difficult to secure workers.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In view of the above points, several types of devices have been proposed that mainly perform mechanical disassembly of engines, but all of them have advantages and disadvantages and have not been widely used.

First, there is a method of crushing by placing the engine in a stationary crusher such as a show crusher, but this method requires the installation of a mechanism such as a hoist to transport the engine to the crusher, making the overall device large and complicated. .

In addition, since the main parts of an engine are often made of aluminum castings, these castings are relatively easily crushed by a show crusher, but the sizes of the crushed fragments vary, and after crushing, large pieces Since it requires processes such as sorting and crushing again, work efficiency does not improve much.

Incidentally, the larger the fragments are, the more bulk they become, which is disadvantageous for transportation, and furthermore, it is not possible to use a conveying device such as a belt conveyor. For this reason, it is desirable to keep the fragments as small as possible.

Next, attempts have been made to crush herring by attaching it to construction machines such as power shovels.

This method uses a concrete crusher that crushes and processes concrete structures by meshing a pair of jaws, either as is or with slight modifications to the teeth that are the crushing part. In this method, the crusher is moved to the engine placement part and the crushing work is performed, so there is no need to transport the engine to the crusher as described above, the equipment can be simplified, and work efficiency can be improved.

However, as in the case of the show crusher, the crushed pieces are a mixture of large and small pieces, and although large pieces need to be crushed again, in reality only the large pieces are selected from the pieces scattered on the floor. Re-crushing is often not done, as it is quite difficult to crush, and the quality of the fragments is often inferior to that produced by show crushers based on the size of the fragments. Furthermore, since this method uses equipment that originally crushes concrete with almost no modifications, the crushing part is subject to severe wear, and if the crushing part wears out, the entire crushing equipment must be replaced, making it uneconomical. There are many points.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention is constructed to solve the problems of the conventional apparatus shown above.

All conventional crushing devices are based on the premise of crushing with a single type of meshing part configuration, but it is virtually impossible to break the target into pieces of uniform size with this method. The present invention was constructed based on this recognition.

That is, the present invention divides the crushing process into a large-splitting process and a small-splitting process for finely pulverizing the large pieces generated in the large-splitting process, and is configured so that each of these processes can be accomplished by at least one crushing device. It is something.

Specifically, it concerns the structure of a crushing device main body having a pair of jaws that engage in meshing operation, and a replacement tooth that is a crushing part that is removably attached to the crushing device main body.The replacement tooth has a fang-shaped crushing part. It consists of a large split tooth attachment, which has a roughly molar-shaped fragmentation part, and a small split tooth attachment, which has an approximately molar-shaped fractured part and, if necessary, has its end protruded from the attachment body to make it easier to scoop out the large split pieces. be.

[Effect]

A large splitting tooth attachment and a small splitting tooth attachment are appropriately attached to the main body of the crushing device to carry out the large splitting process and the small splitting process, respectively.

When the large-split tooth attachment is attached, the fang-like teeth apply concentrated pressure to a predetermined part of the target, and the target is crushed from the part that the fang-like teeth come into contact with, resulting in relatively large pieces. becomes.

In addition, the small-splitting tooth attachment that has been used to crush the fragments generated during the large-splitting process further pulverizes the fragments into fine pieces with its molar-shaped crushing portion.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show the configuration of a large-splitting tooth attachment for the large-splitting process.

In Fig. 1, the arrow IA indicates the large split tooth attachment IA.
shows. 2 is a substrate forming the main body of this large-split tooth attachment. Reference numeral 3A indicates fan-shaped teeth (large split teeth) that protrude from the substrate 2, and in the illustrated configuration, three teeth protrude from the substrate 2. The large split tooth attachment IA is constructed by integrally forming the base plate 2 and the teeth 3A, and has a mounting plate 5 formed on the jaw 4a of the crushing device 4.
It is removably attached to a with a bolt 6.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the crushing device 4 and the state in which the large split tooth attachment is attached to the crushing device. First, the crushing section N4 is composed of a main body side jaw 4a forming the main body of the device, and a movable jaw 4b that rotates around a pin 7 by a drive source such as a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), and the entire device 4 is constructed. It is attached to an arm 8 of a machine or a stationary device, and the movement of the arm 8 allows the main body of the crushing device itself to be moved to a predetermined location.

Next, the large split tooth attachment IA shown in FIG. ) is the installation. This large-split tooth attachment IB has the same basic structure as the large-split tooth attachment IA, but when the two are engaged, the large-split tooth 3B is located in the arrangement space 3A' of the three large-split teeth 3A. IB
is placed with respect to the substrate. Therefore, the number of large-split teeth 3B attached to the large-split tooth attachment IB is two.

8 Next, FIGS. 3 to 7 show the structure of the small split tooth attachment.

First, FIG. 3 shows a small split tooth attachment 9A for attaching one jaw (in the case shown, the main body side jaw 4a) of the crushing device 4.
4 also shows a small split tooth attachment 9B for attaching the other jaw (in the illustrated case, the movable jaw 4b) of the crushing device 4.

Further, FIG. 8 shows a state in which the small split tooth attachment 9A shown in FIG. 3 is attached to the main body side jaw 4a of the crushing device 4.

Next, the structure of this attachment will be explained mainly using the small split tooth attachment 9A as an example.

10 is a base plate of the small split tooth attachment 9A, 11 is an attachment side mounting plate for attaching the entire small split tooth attachment 9A to the jaws of the crushing device 4, and 12 is interposed between the base plate 10 and the attachment side mounting plate 11. This is the supporting plate arranged. These substrate 10, attachment side mounting member 11, and support plate 12 are connected by strong means such as explosive welding, and are integrated as a whole.

Reference numeral 13 indicates teeth (small split teeth) to be attached to the integrated substrate portion. While the large split teeth 3A and 3B are formed in the shape of a fang, the small split teeth 13 are formed in a continuous plate shape, and this plate-shaped material is arranged in the width direction of the base plate 10 (see FIG. 3). In the case of , it is designed to be installed in the vertical direction in the figure).

The side surface shape of this small tooth may be a simple rectangle, but it is preferable that it be formed to become wider toward the engagement surface. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the length of the portion in contact with the substrate 10 is approximately equal to the width W1 of the substrate IO, whereas the length of the portion of the crushing surface that directly contacts the object to be crushed is equal to this width W1. It is formed to have a longer W2. For this reason, the side surface shape of the small split tooth 13 is formed into a substantially trapezoidal shape so as to widen at an angle α toward the crushing surface, as shown in the figure.

This small split tooth 13 can be fixedly attached to the base plate 10 by welding or the like, but for reasons described later, the sixth
It is preferable to configure it so that it can be detachably attached to the substrate 10 as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 13a denotes an enclosure protruding from the substrate contacting portion, which is the bottom of the small split tooth 13, and reference numeral 10a denotes an opening formed in the substrate 10 into which the protrusion 13a is inserted. Note that in order to facilitate alignment between the protrusion 13a and the opening 10a and to facilitate insertion of the protrusion, the protrusion 13a has a shape that tapers toward the top, such as a substantially truncated cone shape, and the opening also has this shape. It is desirable to have a shape that corresponds to the shape. A screw hole is formed in the convex body 13a, and the small split tooth 13 is fixed to the substrate 10 by screwing a bolt 14 into the screw hole. Here, the support plate 12 is used to secure a space between the base plate 10 and the attachment side mounting plate 11 for attaching and detaching the bolt 14.

In addition, in the small split tooth actuator 9B corresponding to the small split tooth attachment 9A, when the two are engaged, the small split tooth is positioned approximately in the middle of the small split tooth arrangement position of the small split tooth attachment 9A. Two pieces are installed (see Figure 4).

1. As shown in FIG. 6, the small split tooth attachment with the above configuration is attached to the attachment plate 5a on the crushing device side by bolts 15 using the insertion holes 11a provided in the attachment plate 11.
, 5b (see FIGS. 8 and 9).

Next, the operating state of the above-mentioned apparatus will be explained using an example of crushing an automobile engine.

First, the crushing process is divided into a large-splitting process and a small-splitting process. In this case, the large tooth attachment IA shown in Figures 1 and 2
, a crushing device equipped with an IB and a crushing device equipped with small-splitting tooth attachments 9A and 9B shown in FIG. Although there is a method of performing the steps in parallel, the following explanation will be based on an example in which both steps are carried out using one crushing device.

First, before the large-splitting process, large-splitting tooth attachments IA and I
B is attached to both jaws 4a and 4b of the crushing device 4 with bolts 6.

2- Once the attachment of each large tooth attachment is completed, the crushing device 4 is placed next to the engine to be crushed (FIG. 2). In this state, by gradually closing the jaws 4a and 4b together, the object is pressed centering on the tips of the large split teeth 3A and 3B, and by further closing both jaws, the object, the engine, is centered around the pressed portion. and crush it. Furthermore, since the fang-shaped teeth press against the target in a wedge-like manner, they are effective in destroying integral structures such as engines.

By repeating this process several times, the engine is crushed into relatively large pieces. If there are a large number of target engines, each engine is crushed in sequence.

The engine thus divided into large parts is then divided into small parts.

Before starting the small splitting process, the large splitting tooth attachments IA and IB are removed from the crushing device 4, and the small splitting tooth attachments 9A and 9B are inserted into each jaw 4a and 4 using bolts 15 instead.
Attach to b.

In the small-splitting step, the pieces produced in the large-splitting step are scooped up and crushed as shown in FIG. That is, since the fragments 16 generated in the large-splitting process are scattered on the floor surface, these fragments are scooped up and pulverized, but since the ends of the small-splitting teeth 13 protrude outward from the substrate 10. , this protrusion is very effective in collecting and scooping up scattered debris.

Subsequently, by further closing both jaws 4a and 4b, the scooped up fragment 16 is attached to both small split tooth attachments 9A.
, 9B are finely pulverized by the small splitting teeth 13. At this time, since the small split teeth 13 have a continuous plate-like shape as shown in the figure, when the two jaws are closed together, they will crush the object just like molar teeth. In this way, the fragments 16 are sequentially pulverized.

In the above-described splitting process, the fragmentation is mainly performed at the fragment scooping portion and the adjacent portion of the entire length of the splitting tooth 13, so that the wear over the entire length of the small splitting tooth 13 is not uniform. In other words, the wear starts from the protrusion that scoops up and crushes the debris, and starts from the imaginary line A to I in Figure 5.
The process proceeds in the order shown in Figure 2, and the other end is hardly worn. Therefore, once the wear has progressed to some extent, the small split tooth 13 is removed from the base plate 10 by removing the bolt 14, and the small split tooth 13 is reattached in reverse so that the protruding part on the side that is not worn becomes the scooping part. . Further, at this time, the mounting position may be exchanged with another small split tooth. Furthermore, if both ends become worn, this split tooth is replaced with a new split tooth.

Therefore, the split tooth attachment itself can be used semi-permanently.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above using the case of crushing an automobile engine as an example, but the target of crushing is not limited to this, and can be widely used for other mechanical parts.

In addition to crushing using the above-mentioned crushing equipment, as mentioned above, large-splitting tooth attachments and small-splitting tooth attachments are attached to multiple crushing devices, respectively, and the large-splitting process and the small-splitting process can be carried out simultaneously. It may also be carried out.

5 [Effects] As described above, in the present invention, the crushing process can be divided into a large-splitting process and a small-splitting process for pulverizing the large pieces produced in the large-splitting process. The crushed material obtained is ideally small and easy to transport and handle, and its resource value can be improved.

In addition, all crushing can be carried out using a crushing device, and there is no need for manual work, so it is safe and economical.

Furthermore, since both ends of the small split teeth protrude outward from the attachment part, the pieces can be scooped up very well and finely pulverized quickly.

Furthermore, since the attachments used in the large-splitting process and the small-splitting process can be replaced, each of these processes can be performed with at least one crushing device, making it extremely economical without the need for any other special equipment. It is true.

6

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective partial view of the crusher jaw with the large split tooth attachment attached, Figure 2 is a side view of the crusher with the large split tooth attachment attached, and Figure 3 is a front view of the small split tooth attachment. Figure 4 is a front view of another split tooth attachment that meshes with the split tooth attachment shown in Figure 3;
The figure is a side view of the small split tooth attachment, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I in Figure 3, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the same line ■-■, and Figure 8 is a side view of the small split tooth attachment. FIG. 9 is a perspective partial view of the grinding device jaws and a side view of the grinding device with the split tooth attachment attached. IA, IB...Large tooth attachment 2...Board
3A, 3B...Large split tooth 4...Crushing device 4a...Main body side jaw 4b...Movable jaws 5a, 5b
...Mounting plate 6.14.15...Bolts 9A, 9B...Small tooth attachment 10...Substrate 11...Attachment side mounting plate 13...Small tooth 9 Ward ζq 11 Fig. 6

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) In a device that consists of a main body side jaw and a movable jaw rotatably attached to the main body side jaw, and crushes an object by closing both jaws, the A crushing device characterized in that a crushing device is configured such that a large-sized attachment and a small-sized attachment are attached interchangeably. (2) Attach one or more small split teeth formed in a series of plate shapes to the board, at least one of both ends of the small split teeth protrude to the outside of the board, and this protruding part A crushing unit attachment that is attached to a crushing device to serve as a scooping unit. (3) The crusher attachment according to claim (2), wherein the small split tooth is detachably attached to the substrate. (4) A patent claim characterized in that both ends of the small split tooth are configured to protrude from the base plate, and both ends can be used as a debris scooping part by replacing the small split tooth with respect to the base board. (2) or (3)
) Grinding section attachment as described. (5) A crusher attachment characterized by having a plurality of large fang-shaped teeth protruding from the substrate.