JPH03181647A - Continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the transmission efficiency of power by providing an output shaft which is connected with a conical friction wheel, a sliding ring moving on that wheel, an input shaft for transmitting the power to that ring, the first and the second bevel gear and a rotary supporting element for the conical friction wheel. CONSTITUTION:The bottom and the top of a conical friction wheel 14 are provided with the first bevel gear 17 and a swelling out part 14a respectively, and a rotatable conical friction wheel 14 is provided so that the outside or inside of its conical ridgeline may be arranged in parallel to the central axis of rotation. Since a sliding ring 13 moving on the ridgeline of the wheel 14 is connected with as input shaft 12, the movement of the ring 13 causes change in the number of rotation and revolution of the wheel 14. In this case, since the conical bottom of the wheel 14 is provided with the first bevel gear 17 which meshes with the second bevel 18, a rotary supporting element of the wheel 14 to which an output shaft 16 is connected rotates relatively to the second bevel gear 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission with low noise and high transmission efficiency.

[Conventional technology]

Continuously variable transmissions are widely used in automobiles, machine tools, etc. Therefore, the main parts of a typical example of a conventional continuously variable transmission, for example, the continuously variable transmission described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-151656, are shown in FIG.
The cone 12 attached to the retainer element 11 is brought into contact with the input shaft 14 of the Wl friction surface 13 of the shaft of the cone 12, and the output shaft 16 is brought into contact with the FtIPJ surface 15 of the back surface of the cone 12.
Connect the cone I2, change the position of the speed change ring IO,
By changing the rotation speed of the engine, continuously variable speed was achieved.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the above continuously variable transmission, friction surfaces 12.13 and I5 are provided between the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 16 in two stages.
, there was a problem in that the power transmission efficiency was reduced.

In addition, conventional continuously variable transmissions can only change the rotational speed of the output shaft in a fixed direction, and when rotating in the opposite direction, it is necessary to change gears, which makes the device complicated and laborious to operate. there were.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a continuously variable transmission that has good transmission efficiency and can smoothly change direction from forward rotation to reverse rotation or vice versa in some cases. shall be.

[Means for solving the problem] The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 which meets the above object,
A conical friction member that is free to rotate and is provided with a first bevel gear on the bottom of the cone, a bulge on the top of the cone, and arranged so that the outside or inside of the conical ridge line is parallel to the rotation center axis. a sliding ring that moves on the conical friction wheel, an input shaft that transmits power to the sliding ring, and the first
A second bevel gear that meshes with the hel gear and is fixed in a certain direction or rotationally driven at a constant rotation speed and is free to rotate in the other direction, and an output shaft that is connected to the rotation support part of the conical friction wheel. It is composed of:

Further, in the continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, which meets the above object, in the continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, the second bevel gear is configured such that the rotational force of the human power shaft is transmitted through the reduction gear. The rotation is transmitted in a direction opposite to the rotation of the input shaft.

[Effect]

In the continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, the bottom of the cone is provided with a first bevel gear, the top of the cone is provided with a bulge, and the center of rotation is on the outside or inside of the ridge line of the cone. A conical friction wheel arranged parallel to the shaft and free to rotate is provided, and the sliding ring that moves on the ridgeline of the conical friction wheel is connected to the manual shaft, so that the sliding ring cannot be moved. Therefore, the rotational speed of the conical friction wheel changes.

In this case, a first bevel gear is provided at the conical bottom of the conical friction wheel, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, thereby supporting the rotation of the conical friction wheel to which the output shaft is connected. The second bevel gear rotates relative to the second bevel gear.

Therefore, as stated in claim 2, when the second hevel gear is rotated in the opposite direction to the input shaft via the reducer,
The output shaft rotates differentially between the revolution of the conical friction wheel and the second bevel gear, so if you move the sliding ring while applying an appropriate rotation to the second bevel gear, the output shaft will rotate in the normal direction. It can be smoothly rotated from reverse to reverse or vice versa.

When the sliding ring is moved to come into contact with the bulge on the top of the cone, the conical friction wheel will be locked, but in this case, the second bevel gear is free to rotate, so that the entire body rotates. , the rotational force of the input shaft is highly efficient (e.g. 95
% or more) is transmitted to the output shaft.

(Examples) Next, examples embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.

Here, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a continuously variable transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of a continuously variable transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a continuously variable transmission 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an input shaft I2 in which a spline shaft portion 11, which is an example of a sliding power transmission portion, is formed in an intermediate portion; A sliding ring 13 that is rotatably driven by the human power shaft 12, a conical friction wheel 14 (three in this embodiment) that the sliding ring 13 comes into contact with, and a conical friction wheel 14 that is rotatably driven. a housing 15 supported by the housing 15;
a first bevel gear 17 attached to the conical bottom of the conical friction wheel 14;
a second bevel gear 18 meshing with the bevel gear 17;
A reduction gear 19 attached to the second bevel gear 18
, a gear 22 attached to the planetary gear 20 of the reduction gear 19 via a support member 21, an intermediate gear 23 meshing with the gear 22, an intermediate gear 24 connected thereto, and a gear 24 meshing with the intermediate gear 24. a gear 25, a one-way clutch 26 attached to the gear 25, and a support case 27 for these
It is composed of: These will be explained in detail below.

The input shaft 12 has a middle portion and a tip portion with bearings 28 to 28.
31, a spline shaft 12 is formed in the middle, a spline boss 32 is slidably engaged with the spline shaft 12, and a sliding ring is connected to the spline boss 32 via a container-shaped support member 33. 13 is installed. A bearing 3 is attached to this spline boss 32.
A cylindrical body 35 is provided through 4, an arm 36 is attached to the cylindrical body 35, and a male screw 37 is attached to the tip of the arm 36.
is installed so that it can rotate freely.

A handle 38 is attached to this male thread 37, and by rotating the handle 38, the male thread 37 moves back and forth, and the spline boss 32 moves.

On the other hand, an output shaft 16 and a housing 15 fixed to the output shaft 16 are rotatably attached to the human power shaft 12 via a hair ring 29 and a bearing 39 attached to a support case 27. A rotating shaft 41 is attached to the rotating shaft 4 through a bearing 40.
1, a first bevel gear 17 is attached to one end, and a conical friction wheel 14 is attached to the other end. The conical friction wheel 14 is attached to the rotating shaft 41 using a spline or a sliding key so that the conical friction wheel 14 is pressed against the sliding ring 13 by a spring 42 disposed inside. . Note that a needle bearing 43 is also provided on the outside to support the conical friction wheel 14 in a slidable and rotatable manner.

A substantially inverted truncated cone-shaped bulge 14a is provided at the top of the cone of the conical friction wheel 14, and when the sliding ring 13 is moved to the top of the cone, the sliding ring 13 comes into contact with the bulge 14a. It has become.

A second bevel gear 18 that meshes with the first bevel gear 17 is rotatably attached to the human power shaft 12 via a bearing 44, 45, and the second bevel gear 18 is connected to a reducer 19 that receives the input shaft 12 as an input. is connected to.

This reduction gear IIJ, 19 consists of a gear 46 attached to the input shaft 12, a planetary gear 20 (rotationally supported by a bearing) that meshes with the gear 46, and a planetary gear 20 that meshes with the planetary gear 20 and meshes with the and an internal gear 47 connected to the second bevel gear 18, so that the rotation of the input shaft 12 is decelerated and reversed to rotate the second bevel gear 18.

The planetary gear 20 is fixed via a bearing 30 to a support member 21 that is rotatably attached, and a gear 22 is attached to the other end of the support member 21.
An intermediate gear 23, which is rotatably attached to the housing 15 via a bearing, is meshed with the intermediate gear 23. An intermediate gear 24 is attached to the intermediate gear 23 in a pair,
The intermediate gear 24 is rotatably attached to the output shaft 16 via a bearing 49, and a one-way clutch 26 is connected to the other side.
is meshed with the gear 25 to which it is attached.

Therefore, in this gear shift a10, when the rotational force of an engine or motor rotating in a certain direction is transmitted to the input shaft 12, the sliding ring 13 rotates through the spring shaft 11 and the spring boss 32.

Due to this rotation of the sliding ring 13, the conical friction wheel 14 rotates on its own axis and also revolves around the input shaft 12. in this case,
When the second bevel gear is driven to rotate in a direction opposite to the revolution direction and at a reduced speed, the revolution rotation of the conical friction wheel 14 and the rotation of the second bevel gear 18 are differentially driven. When the sliding ring 13 is at a specific position, the rotation of the output shaft 16 becomes zero, and when the sliding ring 13 is moved from there toward the top of the cone, the output shaft 16 rotates normally and rotates toward the bottom of the cone. When moved, the output shaft 16 rotates in the reverse direction, allowing forward and reverse rotation in a stepless state.

Note that 'f!' of the speed reducer 19 is The direction and mounting method of the one-way clutch 26 are determined so that the support member 21 to which the star gear 20 is attached is maintained in a non-rotating state.

When the handle 38 is rotated to move the sliding ring 13 toward the top of the cone, the rotation speed of the output shaft 16 increases,
When the sliding ring 13 completely contacts the bulge 14a,
The conical friction wheel 14 does not rotate, but the conical gear 14, the housing 15, and the output shaft 16 rotate as a unit.

In this case, since a force acts on the direction crank in the opposite direction, it becomes free and the whole rotates smoothly and efficiently.

Note that an appropriate amount of lubricating oil is injected into the support case 27 for lubrication and cooling, and it is also possible to use an electromagnetic clutch or the like that is turned on and off by a signal instead of the one-way clutch. be.

Next, second and third embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described, but the same components will be given the same numbers and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

In the continuously variable transmission 4!150 shown in FIG.
50a is used to connect to the human power shaft 12.

An output shaft 53 is connected to a housing 52 that rotatably supports the conical friction wheel 14 via a bearing 51, and a first bevel gear 17 attached to the conical bottom of the conical friction wheel 14 has a second The bevel gear 18 is in mesh.

This second bevel gear 18 is provided with a support tube 54,
A one-way clutch 55 is provided in the support tube 54.

Therefore, in this continuously variable transmission 50, the direction of the one-way clutch 55 is determined and arranged so that the second beher gear 18 does not rotate under normal conditions. is transmitted to the conical friction wheel 14, and as the conical friction wheel 14 revolves around the second bevel gear 18, the speed of the conical friction wheel 14 is continuously variable and transmitted to the output shaft 53.

Next, when the sliding ring 13 is moved toward the top of the cone,
When the output shaft 53 rotates faster and comes into contact with the bulge 14a, a force in the opposite direction is applied to the one-way clutch 55, making it free, and the whole rotates together with the input shaft 12.

In the continuously variable transmission 56 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a circle Sf! having a bulge 57! A sliding ring 59 connected to a human power shaft 63 by spline connection is in contact with the inside of the friction wheel 58, and a first bevel gear 60 attached to the conical friction wheel 58 is connected to a second bevel gear 61 (from the outside). The internal gears (which are internal gears) are meshing. A one-way clutch 62 is connected to this second hevel gear 61.
is attached, and when the second bevel gear 61 attempts to rotate in the opposite direction to the human power shaft 63, it becomes a locking structure.

The housing 64 of this conical friction wheel 58 has a bearing 65
The signal is transmitted to an output shaft 66 provided through the.

Therefore, this embodiment also operates in the same manner as the continuously variable transmission Ia50 according to the second embodiment. Further, arrows a and b in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicate that the sliding ring is movable in the axial direction.

In the above embodiment, the conical friction wheel 14.58 is provided with a bulge, but if the bulge is omitted, it becomes a normal continuously variable transmission.

In this case, if a rotational force is applied to the second bevel gear in the opposite direction to the decelerated human power shaft, a continuously variable transmission that smoothly changes from forward rotation to reverse rotation can be obtained.

Further, in the above embodiments, the present invention is also applicable to the case where a differential gear device or a torque cone converter is further connected.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, the continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 has only the sliding ring and the conical friction wheel as parts that transmit rotational force through friction. A highly efficient continuously variable transmission can be provided.

In addition, by providing a bulge at the top of the conical friction wheel, the sliding ring and the conical friction wheel are fixed as one unit, and by rotating the whole, power can be transmitted without any sliding parts, improving transmission efficiency. do. Since vibrations caused by gear transmission are absorbed by the sliding ring and the conical FR friction portion, it is possible to provide a continuously variable transmission in which vibrations and noise transmitted to the outside are small.

In the continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, since rotation is applied to the second bevel gear in the opposite direction to the input shaft via the reducer, the output shaft can rotate forward, stop, and reverse. It can be done continuously and smoothly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a continuously variable transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic configurations of continuously variable transmissions according to second and third embodiments of the present invention. 4 are schematic configuration diagrams of a conventional continuously variable transmission. [Explanation of symbols] 10...-Continuously variable transmission, 11...Spline shaft, l 2--Input shaft, 13--111--Sliding dynamic ring, 14--conical friction wheel, 14
a-------Bulging part, 15----Housing, 16・-11---Output shaft, 17 first bevel gear, 1 B-----1 second bevel gear, l 9-
−−−・−Reduction gear, 20−・・−・−・・Planetary gear,
21-----1 support member, 22-----gear, 2
3.24--1--Intermediate gear, 25-----
・-Gear, 26--One-way clutch, 27--
---Support case, 28-31-----Bearing, 32-1--Spline boss, 33--
-----One support member, 34------Bearing, 35---One cylindrical body, 36------ Arm, 3
7-・-Male thread, 3 B--Handle,
39.40 - Bearing, 41 - Rotating shaft, 42 - Spring, 43 - m =
−・−・Needle bearing, 44.45−−−−−1・Bearing, 46−・・・・・Gear, 47・−−−
--1---Internal gear, 48.49------ Bearing, 50---1---Continuously variable transmission, 51・-11--- Bearing, 52--- ---・Housing,
53--Output shaft, 54--Support tube, 55--
-----One-way clutch, 56...---Continuously variable transmission,
57---1--Bulging portion, 58--Conical friction wheel, 59-----Sliding ring, 60-m=-
-First bevel gear, 61--Second bevel gear, 6
2-------One-way clutch, 63-・----1---
Human power shaft 64--- Housing, 65 Bearing, 66 Output shaft

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A first bevel gear is provided at the bottom of the cone, a bulge is provided at the top of the cone, and the cone is free to rotate so that the outside or inside of the ridge line is parallel to the rotation center axis. a conical friction wheel; a sliding ring that moves on the conical friction wheel; an input shaft that transmits power to the sliding ring; A continuously variable transmission comprising: a second bevel gear that is rotationally driven and rotatable in the other direction; and an output shaft that is connected to a rotational support portion of the conical friction wheel. (2) The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the second bevel gear transmits the rotational force of the input shaft in a rotation direction opposite to the rotation of the input shaft via a reduction gear.