JPH03149445A - Continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the change of rotary directions and improve transmission efficiency, by changing the rotation number of a planetary friction plate by providing at an input shaft a motive power slide transmission portion and a movement friction plate, and meshing the 1st bevel gear fitted to the planetary friction plate with the 2nd bevel gear. CONSTITUTION:When a handle 42 is turned, an input shaft 19 is moved, and a movement friction plate 21 fitted to the input shaft 19 is moved as it is butting against a planetary friction plate 28. The 1st bevel gear 26 connected with an internal gear 25 meshes with the 2nd bevel gear 27, and the planetary friction plate 28 is fitted to its rotary shaft 27. In the case in which the movement plate 21 is positioned at the outer periphery portion of the planetary plate 28, the revolution cycle of the plate 28 is slower than the cycle of being reversely rotated by means of the 1st bevel gear 26, so an output shaft 30 is reversely rotated. As the plate 21 is being moved to the inside, the revolution speed of the plate 28 is gradually reduced, and positiveness and negativeness are balanced at a certain point, and as the movement is further advanced to the inside, the output shaft 30 rotates positively. Also, as the motive power friction plate is only one step, its motive power transmission efficiency is good.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission with low noise and high transmission efficiency. [Prior Art] Continuously variable transmissions are widely used in automobiles, machine tools, etc. Therefore, the main parts of a typical example of a conventional continuously variable transmission, for example, the continuously variable transmission described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-151656, are shown in FIG.
The cone 12 attached to the retainer element 11 is brought into contact with the input shaft 14 on the friction surface 13 of the shaft of the cone 12.
An output shaft 16 is connected to the friction surface 16 on the back side of the cone 12, and the rotation speed of the cone 12 is changed by changing the position of the speed change ring 10 to perform continuously variable speed. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above continuously variable transmission, there is a friction surface 10, 13, 15 between the input shaft 14 and the output wheel 16 over two stages.
, there was a problem in that the power transmission efficiency was reduced. In addition, conventional continuously variable transmissions can only change the rotational speed of the output shaft in a fixed direction, and when rotating in the opposite direction, it is necessary to change gears, which makes the device complicated and laborious to operate. there were. The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a continuously variable transmission that has good transmission efficiency and can smoothly change direction from forward rotation to reverse rotation or vice versa in some cases. shall be. [Means for solving the problem] The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 which meets the above object,
an input shaft on which a power sliding transmission section such as a spline shaft is formed and is movable in the axial direction; a movable friction plate attached to the input shaft; an engagement boss fitted into the power sliding transmission section;
A first bevel gear connected to the engagement boss, a planetary friction plate attached to a shaft with which the circumferential portion of the movable friction plate is in contact and orthogonal to the input shaft, and a planetary friction plate fixed to the planetary FR friction plate. The input shaft is configured to include a second bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear, and a moving means that moves the input shaft in the axial direction. Further, the continuously variable transmission according to claim 2 is the continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, in which the first bevel gear is fitted into the power sliding transmission portion of the input shaft via the transmission means. It is configured to be connected to an engagement boss. Here, the power sliding transmission portion such as a spline shaft includes a shaft having a non-circular cross section (including a square shape and an ellipse), and a shaft provided with a sliding key or the like. [Function] In the continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, the input shaft is formed with a power sliding transmission part such as a spline shaft, and a movable friction plate is attached to the input shaft. If you move it in the direction, it will move J! ! Since the contact position of the planetary friction plate perpendicular to the friction plate changes, the rotational speed of the planetary friction plate changes by rotating the input shaft in the axial direction. On the other hand, a first bevel gear is attached to the planetary friction plate, and the first bevel gear meshes with a second bevel gear attached concentrically to the input shaft, so that the planetary friction plate is attached to the planetary friction plate. It revolves around the second bevel gear,
This rotation is transmitted to the output shaft. Further, since the second bevel gear is connected to the input shaft, when the bevel gear is rotated in the reverse direction, the output of the output shaft becomes a differential output. Here, by appropriately selecting the rotation of the second bevel gear, there exists a position where the revolution of the planetary friction plate is stopped, and by controlling the input shaft moving means, the output shaft is centered around this central part. It is possible to continuously and smoothly switch the rotation direction and rotation speed from normal rotation to reverse rotation.

【Example】

Next, embodiments embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. Here, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along arrow A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along arrow 8 in FIG. -8 sectional view and FIG. 4 are side views showing a schematic configuration of a continuously variable transmission according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a continuously variable transmission 811B according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an input shaft 20 in which a spline shaft portion 19, which is an example of a power sliding transmission portion, is formed in an intermediate portion. , a movable friction plate 21 attached to the tip of the input shaft 20, a first gear 23 having a spline boss 22, which is an example of an engagement boss meshing with the spline shaft 19, inside; an intermediate gear 24 (there are three) that meshes with the intermediate gear 24; an internal gear 25 that meshes with the intermediate gear 24;
5, and a second bevel gear 27 that meshes with the first bevel gear 26.
, a planetary friction plate 2B (there are three) that rotates integrally with the second bevel gear and comes into contact with the circumference of the movable friction plate 21, and a support member 29 that supports the planetary friction plate 28 in a freely rotatable manner. , an output shaft 30 connected to the support member 29, an auxiliary input shaft 31 connected to the input shaft 20, a moving means 32 for moving the input shaft in the axial direction, and an outer case 33 supporting these. It is configured with These will be explained in detail below. The end of the input shaft 20 is slidably fitted into a medium heat 36 of the auxiliary input shaft 31 in which a long hole 35 through which a pin 34 can move in the axial direction is formed. The above pin 734 is fitted into the through hole 37 of the input shaft 20, and the pin 34 is fitted into the through hole 37 of the input shaft 20.
Both ends of the cylinder body 39 are fixed to a cylindrical body 39 that is rotatably supported by a bearing 3B, and a lever 41 is attached to the outer support case 4° of the bearing 38, and a handle 42 is provided at the end of the lever 41. Screwed into the male thread 43,
By rotating the handle 42, the pin 34
moves, and the input shaft 20 can be moved in the axial direction. The pin 34, the cylinder 39, the bearing 38, the outer support case 40, the lever 41. Although the moving means 32 is configured with a male screw 43 and a handle 42, other means can be used as long as the moving means 32 has a structure that allows the input shaft 2o to be moved in the axial direction. It may be carried out electrically or by a cylinder or the like. A spline shaft portion 19 is formed in a part of the input shaft 20, a spline boss 22 is fitted into the spline shaft portion 19, and a gear (external gear) is provided on the outside of the spline post 22.
23, and is meshed with the internal gear 25 while being constantly decelerated via the intermediate gear 24 and changing the direction of rotation. Note that 44 indicates a bearing that rotatably supports the auxiliary input shaft 31, and 45 indicates a bearing that rotatably supports the intermediate gear 24. The internal gear 25 is connected to the first bevel gear 26 via a support member 46. The gear 23, intermediate gear 24,
The internal gear 24 and the support member 46 constitute a transmission means 46a. The first bevel gear 26 meshes with a second bevel gear 27 attached to a rotating shaft 47 whose axis is orthogonal to the input shaft 20, and a planetary friction plate 28 is attached to the rotating shaft 47. 28 is an output shaft 30 via a support member 29
Here, 48, 49, and 50 indicate bearings that support the support member 46, rotating shaft 47, and output shaft 30, respectively. Further, in this embodiment, the planetary friction plate 28 has three
They are provided with a spring St inside and are pressed against the circumference of the central movable friction plate 21 with a constant pressure. Therefore, in this continuously variable transmission 18, the auxiliary input shaft 3
1 is connected to a rotary power source such as an engine via a coupling or the like, and when the handle 42 is turned, the moving means 32 is operated and the input shaft 19 is moved, and accordingly the movable friction plate 21 is connected to the planetary friction plate. 28 while moving. Here, the speed reduction means constituted by the gear 23, the intermediate gear 24, and the internal gear 25 are adjusted to a suitable speed reduction ratio (for example,
When the movable friction plate 21 is moved to the outer periphery of the planetary friction plate 28, the period of revolution of the planetary friction plate 28 is reversely rotated by the first bevel gear 26. However, if the movable friction plate 21 is in an appropriate position, the forward and reverse rotations will be balanced and the output shaft will stop, and the movable friction plate 21 will rotate inward. When you move, Yusei J! ! The revolution period of the friction plate 28 becomes faster than the period driven by the first bevel gear 26, and the friction plate 28 rotates in the normal direction. To explain this situation more specifically with respect to the embodiment, the number of teeth of the gear 23 is n1, and the number of teeth of the intermediate gear 23 is n! , the number of teeth of the internal gear 25 is n, and the rotational speed N1 of the first bevel gear is Ni −n1/n3, where the input rotational speed N is given, and the rotational direction is reverse rotation. On the other hand, move lI! The radius of the friction wheel 21 is rI, and the planetary friction plate 2
8 is the radius of the part where the movable friction plate 21 comes into contact! year,
Number of teeth ns of first bevel gear 26, second bevel gear 2
The number of teeth n is 7, and the number of revolutions N3 of the planetary friction plate when the first bevel gear 26 is stationary can be arbitrarily changed by changing l, and by operating the moving means 32, t By changing the output shaft, the output shaft can be rotated freely in forward and reverse directions. The entire continuously variable transmission 18 is sealed by an outer case 33, and the inside thereof is filled with suitable lubricating oil. In the above embodiment, the auxiliary input shaft was used to transmit rotation to the input shaft while moving it, but if the input shaft can be moved in the axial direction and further transmit rotation, , any means may be used. Next, an embodiment other than the present invention shown in FIG. 4 will be briefly described, but the same components as those in the above embodiment will be given the same numbers and the explanation thereof will be omitted. In the continuously variable transmission 52 shown in FIG. 4, the input shaft 53 is directly equipped with a power sliding transmission section 54 such as a spline shaft section, and the first bevel gear 26 is provided with a spline boss, which is an example of an engagement boss. power is directly transmitted to the Therefore, the first
By appropriately selecting the gear ratio between the bevel gear 26 and the second bevel gear 28, the speed change status of the continuously variable transmission 52 (
The ratio of N, to N, can be changed. In the above embodiments, the moving means 32 is manually operated, but the present invention also applies to moving means 32 that is automatically driven by control means or human power (e.g., by a motor, cylinder, etc.). is applicable. [Effects of the Invention] In the continuously variable transmission according to claims 1 and 2, power is transmitted through one stage of friction plates, so power is transmitted smoothly with good mechanical efficiency. It can be performed. Since the output rotation speed can be controlled continuously from the normal rotation direction to the reverse rotation direction, it can be used with continuously variable transmissions for automobiles, ships, and other industrial machines.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 3 is a sectional view of a continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow 8-8 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a continuously variable transmission according to another embodiment of the present invention. Side view showing the schematic configuration, No. 5
The figure is a schematic side view of a conventional continuously variable transmission [Explanation of symbols] 18・-1---Continuously variable transmission, l 9-・-
Spline shaft, 20---------One-person power ring,
21--------One moving friction plate, 22-----
-------- Spline boss, 23---------
-Single, 24------- One intermediate gear, 25----
-------1 internal gear, 26------11---1 first bevel gear, 27・------1---1 second bevel gear, 2 B---- −−−−−−・Planetary friction plate, 29−・−−−−−−support member, 30−・−・−・Output shaft, 31−−−−−−−−−−1 auxiliary input shaft, 32-
−−−−−−−−−1 means of transportation, 33−−−−−−−−
--One outer case, 34-・------・Bin, 35
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
One hole, 37---------Through hole, 38---
-----------Bearing, 39---------One cylindrical body, 4 G------One to --One outer support case, 4
1-----1----- Lever, 42----------
- Handle, 43 ---------- Male thread, 44
．． 45---------Bearing, 46------
------・Support member, 46a・-----1--・
Transmission means, 47-------One rotation shaft, 48,
Da 9.50------・-1---Spring, 52・
------------ One step change machine, 53------
---One-man power wheel, 54-------1-Power sliding transmission part

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An input shaft that is formed with a power sliding transmission section such as a spline shaft and is movable in the axial direction, a movable friction plate attached to the input shaft, and an engagement that fits into the power sliding transmission section. a boss, a first bevel gear connected to the engagement boss, a planetary friction plate attached to a shaft with which the circumferential portion of the movable friction plate comes into contact and is orthogonal to the input shaft; A continuously variable transmission comprising: a second bevel gear that is fixed and meshes with the first bevel gear; and a moving means that moves the input shaft in the axial direction. (2) The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the first bevel gear is connected to an engagement boss that fits into the power sliding transmission portion of the input shaft via a transmission means.