JPH0318108Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a tool magazine for use in an automatic tool changing position of a machine tool.

[Prior art]

In this type of tool magazine, a plurality of gripping tools are provided that removably engage and support tool holders at intervals in the circumferential direction on a rotary body that is supported on a support member, and the rotation of the rotary body allows indexing and rotation of the rotary body. A tool holder (hereinafter simply referred to as a tool holder) to which a predetermined tool is fixed is indexed to a tool exchange position and exchanged with a machining head of a machine tool. In addition, when replacing the tool holder held in the tool magazine with one stored externally due to machining setup changes, tool breakage, wear, etc., index the tool holder to the tool replacement position in the same way, and manually or The tool holder is being replaced with a tool holder taken out from storage by a robot or the like. However, in the prior art, each gripping tool has the same size and shape, and the engaging surface of each tool holder with the gripping tool also has the same size and shape regardless of the tool fixed to it. Ta.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

In this type of tool magazine, a tool holder fixed to a tool corresponding to that address is engaged with and supported by a gripper located at each position (hereinafter referred to as an address) on a rotating body, and a predetermined tool is selected based on the address. This indexes the holder to the tool exchange position. However, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, even if a tool holder that does not correspond to the gripping tool at a certain address is erroneously engaged and supported, that tool holder is accepted without any abnormality, and in such a state, the tool changer When the tool holder is operated, the wrong tool holder is attached to the machining head of the machine tool during the machining cycle, causing interference between the tool and the jig or workpiece, resulting in damage to them. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by preventing such erroneous attachment of tools in the tool magazine by adding only a slight processing to each gripper and tool holder.

[Means for solving problems]

For this reason, the tool incorrect attachment prevention mechanism according to the present invention has a support member 12,
The rotary body 21 is rotatably supported by the support member, and at least one movable pawl 32 is provided on the rotary body so as to protrude in the radial direction at intervals in the circumferential direction and is pivotally supported. A plurality of gripping tools 3 that removably engage and support the tool holder 40 by swinging.
0, and a tool exchange position A in which each of the gripping tools 30 is replaced with a tool holder stored outside by indexing rotation of the rotary body 21, and each tool holder 40 supported by the gripping tool is replaced with a tool holder stored outside. In the tool magazine 20 that selectively indexes the tool holder to the tool exchange position B where the tool holder is transferred to and from the machining head 15 of the machine tool, each of the movable claws 32 is connected to the tool holder 40.
Each of the tool holders 40 has different engagement projections 37A to 37D on the engagement surface 32a thereof.
is provided with engagement recesses 43A to 43D that are different from each other and that receive and engage only one of the engagement protrusions 37A to 37D on the engagement surface 40a with the movable claw 32, and each of the movable claws 32 each includes an operating member 50 that swings together with the movable claw, and the supporting member 12 has a movable claw 32 of the gripper 30 indexed to at least one of the tool exchange position A and the tool exchange position B. The movable pawl 32 of the gripper cooperates with the provided actuating member 50.
Detection switches 51 and 53 are provided for detecting whether or not the engaging protrusions 37A to 37D provided in the tool holder are engaged with the engaging recesses 43A to 43D of the tool holder 40 supported by the gripping tool. It is characterized by:

[Effect]

When the tool holder 40 corresponding to a certain address is attached to the gripping tool 30 at a certain address on the rotating body 21, the engagement recesses 43A to 43D are connected to the engagement protrusions 37A to 43D.
37D, the movable claw 32 has its engaging surface 32a abuttingly engaged with the engaging surface 40a of the tool holder 40, closes to the normal position, and supports the tool holder 40. In this state, the actuating member 50 provided on the movable claw 32 is in a normal position. Therefore, when the gripper 30 is indexed to the tool change position A or the tool change position B, the detection switch 51 or 53 that cooperates with the actuating member 50 is activated.
that the actuating member 50 is in a normal position;
That is, it is detected that the corresponding tool holder 40 is attached to the gripper 30 at that address. On the other hand, if a tool holder 40 that does not correspond to a certain address is attached to the gripping tool 30 at a certain address by mistake, the engaging recesses 43A to 43D will not accept the engaging protrusions 37A to 37D, and the engaging tool holder 40 will not be able to engage. Protrusion 3
7A to 37D come into contact with the engagement surface 40a of the tool holder 40, which prevents the movable claw 30 from closing to the normal position. In this state, the actuating member 50 provided on the movable claw 32 stops without reaching its normal position. Therefore, when the gripper 30 is indexed to the tool change position A or the tool change position B, the detection switch 51 or 53 that cooperates with the actuation member 50 detects that the actuation member 50 has reached the normal position. That is, the gripping tool at that address has the corresponding tool holder 40.
detects that it is not installed.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, according to the present invention, if a tool holder that does not correspond to a certain address is attached to a gripper at a certain address by mistake, when the tool holder is replaced at the tool change position or when the machine tool It is possible to detect incorrect installation of a tool holder in a tool magazine when the gripper is indexed to the tool exchange position to transfer the tool holder to the machining head, that is, before the tool holder is mounted on the machining head. can. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a tool holder holding an incorrect tool from being attached to the machining head.
No damage to tools and jigs or workpieces due to interference. Further, according to the present invention, it is easy to implement the gripping tool and the tool holder because it is only necessary to add an engaging protrusion and an engaging recess without significantly changing the gripping tool and the tool holder.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 6, a main shaft 1 is mounted on one side of a column 10 that is erected on the bed (not shown) of a machine tool.
A machining head 15 bearing a shaft 6 is guided and supported so as to be movable up and down. A support member 12 is guided and supported by a fixed support body 11 provided on one side of the column 10 in a horizontal direction toward a main shaft 16 via a guide rail 13, and reciprocated by a cylinder 14 for advancing and retracting. A tool magazine 20, which will be described later, is supported around a vertical axis by the support member 12, and is selectively indexed to a tool exchange position A and a tool exchange position B by a rotary index motor 23. Tool change position B
The gripper 30 indexed approaches the main spindle 16 by the horizontal feeding of the support member 12, and the tool holder 40 in which the tool is fixed is transferred between the main spindles 16. Support tool 30 indexed to tool change position A
The tool holder can be replaced with an externally stored tool holder as needed. In addition, the support member 12
A cover 25 that covers the protruding gripper 30 and tool holder 40 is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the tool magazine 20 includes a rotating shaft 22 which is supported by a support cylinder 12a on the support member 12 and is linked to a rotary indexing motor 23.
and a rotating body 21 fixed to its lower end, and the rotating body 21 has four sets of gripping tools 3 at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction.
0 is provided to protrude in the radial direction. Each gripper 30 has the same structure except for engaging protrusions 37A to 37D, which will be described later, and protrudes in the radial direction to hold the rotating body 2.
1 , a presser 34 and a spring 3 which are pivotally supported on the rotating body 21 via a pivot 33 .
The movable claw 32 whose tip side is urged toward the tip side of the fixed claw 31 by 5 and the positioning key 36 fixed to the fixed claw 31 are the main components, and each claw 3
Engagement surfaces 31a and 32a each having a concave arc shape and facing each other and having a convex cross-section are formed on the distal end sides of the first and second parts 1 and 32, respectively. Each movable pawl 31 also has an actuating member 5 for actuating proximity switches 51, 53, and 54, which will be described later.
0 is fixed. Although not shown, each gripping tool 30 prevents the movable claw 32 from opening any further in a state in which the engaging surfaces 31a and 32a thereof engage and support an engaging surface 40a of a tool holder 40, which will be described later. It is equipped with a locking device. This lock device can be released only when each gripper 30 is indexed to the tool exchange position A or tool exchange position B, and the tool holder 40 can be attached or detached.

The movable claw 32 of each gripping tool 30 is provided with engagement protrusions 37A to 37D that are different from each other and protrude inward in the radial direction from each engagement surface 32a having a concave arc shape. The engagement protrusion 37A of the gripper 30 located at the tool change position A in FIG.
As shown in (a), it has a screw shape, and a part of the cylindrical portion at the tip is attached to the engagement surface 32a below the protrusion of the engagement surface 32a.
It is screwed into the movable pawl 32 so as to protrude inside the section a, and is fixed by a lock nut 38A.
The engagement protrusion 37B of the gripper 30 located at the tool exchange position B is mainly L-shaped as shown in FIG. The movable claw 32 is screwed to the movable claw 32 by a bolt 38B, and the tip of the one side projects inside the lower part of the engagement surface 32a. The engaging protrusions 37C and 37D of each gripping tool 30 located on the opposite side from each of the positions A and B have shapes similar to the engaging protrusions 37B and 37A, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 2(c) and (d). , and are screwed so as to protrude inside the engaging surface 32a above and above the protrusions of the engaging surface 32a, respectively.

Each tool holder 40 supported by each gripper 30
are the same except for engagement recesses 43A to 43D, which will be described later, and have a concave cross-sectional shape formed along the outer periphery of the flange portion 41, as shown in FIGS. Keyways 42 are provided at two opposing locations on the engagement surface 40a and the flange portion 41.
In FIG. 1, different tools Ta to Td corresponding to the addresses of the gripping tools 30 are fixed to the tool holder 40 supported by the gripping tools 30 at four locations. A tool Ta is fixed to a tool holder 40 that is engaged and supported by the gripper 30 located at the tool change position A in FIG. As shown in the figure, an engaging recess 43A is formed to receive and engage only the engaging protrusion 37A of the gripping tool 30. As shown in FIG. 5, the engagement recesses 43A are formed on both sides of the flange portion 41 in parallel to the direction connecting the two keyways 42. Similarly, tool change position B
Tools Tb, Tc, and Td are respectively fixed to each tool holder 40 that is engaged and supported by each gripper 30 located on the opposite side of both positions A and B, and a second As shown in FIGS. (b) to (d), the engaging protrusions 37B and 37 of the corresponding gripping tool 30
An engagement recess 43B that accepts only c or 37D,
43C or 43D are formed in parallel on both sides of the flange portion 41.

When the gripping tool 30 at each address supports the tool holder 40 corresponding to that address, each engagement recess 43A to 43D is connected to each engagement protrusion 37A to 37D as described above.
Since it accepts 7D and engages with it, Fig. 2(a)
As shown in ~(d), the engaging surfaces 31a and 32a of the fixed and movable claws 31 and 32 abut and engage with the engaging surface 40a, and the movable claw 32 is positioned at the solid lines at positions A and B in FIG. Close the tool holder 40 to the normal locking position shown.
engage and support. However, if the gripping tool 30 supports a tool holder 40 that does not correspond to it, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, if the gripping tool 30 at the tool change position A in FIG. 1 supports the tool holder 40 to which the tool Td is fixed. In this case, the engagement protrusion 37A of the movable claw 32 is inserted into the engagement recess 43D of the tool holder 40.
Since the movable pawl 32 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the flange portion 41 without being received by the movable pawl 32, the movable pawl 32 is stopped before reaching the normal locking position as shown by the two-dot chain line at position A in FIG. Note that in either case, the keyway 42 is engaged with the positioning key 36. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a first proximity switch 51 is provided on the support member 12 via a reinforcing plate 12b and a bracket 52. As shown in FIGS. 1st proximity switch 5
1 is a gripper 30 indexed to the tool change position A
When the movable pawl 32 closes to the above-mentioned normal locking position and the actuating member 50 fixed thereto approaches its tip as shown by the solid line, it is activated and turned on. Furthermore, when the movable claw 32 stops before reaching the normal locking position as described above and the actuating member 50 is at a position away from its tip as shown by the two-dot chain line, the first proximity switch 51 It is not activated and remains in the off state.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, second and third proximity switches 53 and 54 are provided on the support tube 12a of the support member 12 via a bracket 55. The second proximity switch 53 is at tool exchange position B
It is activated by the approach of the actuating member 50 provided on the movable claw 32 of the gripping tool 30 that is indexed to the position, and is turned on when the movable claw 32 closes to the normal locking position shown by the solid line. If it stops before reaching the normal locking position as shown by the two-dot chain line, it is kept in the OFF state. The first of the above
Based on the operating states of the second proximity switches 51 and 53, it is detected whether each gripper 30 indexed to the tool exchange position A and the tool exchange position B engages and supports the corresponding tool holder 40. Ru.

Note that the third proximity switch 54 is located at the tool exchange position B.
This is to detect whether or not the gripping tool 30 indexed is supporting the tool holder 40. That is, when the gripper 30 supports the corresponding tool holder 40, the actuating member 50 is in the position indicated by the solid line and the third proximity switch 54 is in the OFF state.
When the gripper 30 does not support the tool holder 40, the movable claw 32 is biased by the spring 35 and moves closer to the fixed claw 31, so that the operating member 5
0 approaches the third proximity switch 54 and turns it on.

Next, the overall operation of the above embodiment will be explained with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. After releasing the locking device of the movable claw 32 of the gripper 30 indexed to the tool exchange position A, opening the movable claw 32, and replacing the tool holder 40 supported by the gripper 30 manually or by a robot, When the machine tool starts operating, the control device first determines whether the first proximity switch 51 is on. As mentioned above, if the tool holder that does not correspond to the gripping tool 30 at the tool change position A is incorrectly supported, the judgment result will be negative, so the control device will indicate the abnormality with a lamp, buzzer, etc. Stop machine tool operation. If the tool holder corresponding to the gripper 30 at the same position A is supported, the first proximity switch 51 is on, so the process proceeds to the next step, and the control device determines that the second proximity switch 53 is on. Determine whether or not. As a result, in the same way as described above, if a tool holder that does not correspond to the gripping tool 30 at the tool change position B is incorrectly supported, the control device displays an abnormality, stops the operation of the machine tool, and removes the corresponding tool. If the holder is supported, proceed to the next step, exchange the tool holder 40 with the main shaft 16 of the machining head 15, and execute the machining NC program, such as performing predetermined machining.

In the above embodiment, the first proximity switch 51 is provided at the tool change position A, and the second proximity switch 53 is provided at the tool change position B, but it is not necessary to provide proximity switches at both positions A and B. Instead, if a proximity switch is provided at one of the positions, before the tool holder 40 supported by the gripper 30 is mounted on the spindle 16, the tool holder 40 can be checked to see if it corresponds to the gripper 30 at that address. It is possible to detect whether or not there is.

Further, in the above embodiment, a proximity switch is used as a detection switch that cooperates with the actuating member 50, and the proximity switch is turned on when the movable claw 32 is in the normal engagement position. It is also possible to use a contact type limit switch, or the detection switch may be turned off in the normal engagement position.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The attached drawings show an embodiment of the mechanism for preventing incorrect tool installation according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partially broken bottom view showing the main parts, and FIGS. -a to dd sectional view, Figure 3 is a - sectional view of Figure 1, Figure 4 is a - sectional view of Figure 1,
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of one of the tool holders, Fig. 6 is a plan view of a part of a machine tool equipped with the present invention, Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an incorrect installation state, and Fig. 8 is an overall view. This is a flowchart showing the operation. Explanation of symbols, 12... Support member, 15... Processing head, 20... Tool magazine, 21... Rotating body, 30... Gripping tool, 32... Movable claw, 32a...
...Engagement surface, 37A to 37D...Engagement protrusion, 40...
...Tool holder, 40a...Engagement surface, 43A-43
D... Engagement recess, 50... Operating member, 51, 53
...detection switch (first and second proximity switch),
A...Tool exchange position, B...Tool exchange position.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A support member, a rotary body supported on the support member, and at least one movable pawl provided at circumferentially spaced positions and projecting in the radial direction from the rotary body, each having at least one pivotally supported movable pawl. It is provided with a plurality of gripping tools that removably engage and support tool holders by the swinging motion of the movable claw, and by the indexing rotation of the rotary body, each of the gripping tools is fixed to each tool holder supported by the gripping tool. In a tool magazine that is selectively indexed to a tool exchange position where the tool holder is replaced with an externally stored tool holder and a tool exchange position where the tool holder is transferred between the tool holder and the machining head of the machine tool, each of the movable claws is configured to rotate the tool holder. Each of the tool holders is provided with different engagement protrusions on its engagement surface with the movable claw, and each of the tool holders is different from each other and receives only one of the engagement protrusions on its engagement surface with the movable claw and engages with it. Each of the movable claws is provided with an actuating member that swings together with the movable claw, and the support member has a gripping tool indexed to at least one of the tool exchange position and the tool exchange position. The engaging protrusion provided on the movable claw of the gripping tool engages with the engaging recess of the tool holder supported by the gripping tool in cooperation with the operating member provided on the movable claw of the gripping tool. A tool installation prevention mechanism characterized by being provided with a detection switch that detects whether or not the tool is installed incorrectly.