JPH067872Y2 - Misoperation prevention mechanism of automatic tool changer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Industrial field of application" The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer capable of reliably mounting a tool on a spindle of a machining center or the like.

"Prior Art" Conventional automatic tool changers include, for example, those shown in Figs.

That is, the automatic tool changer main body 3 is swung into the vicinity of the main spindle 2 of the machining center 1 and transferred, the automatic tool changer main body 3 is moved in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the main spindle 2 to approach the main spindle 2, and the tool fitting cylinder is attached. 4, the arm 5 is moved in parallel with the axis of the spindle 2 so that the tool T fitted to the arm 5 can be mounted on the spindle 2.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-described conventional automatic tool changer, an oil hole tool (a tool T fitted to the arm 5 is fitted into the supply port 6 and the supplied coolant is poured therein). (Inflow pipe T2 provided integrally with the tool T) is attached to the fitting portion T1 of the tool T or the inflow pipe T2, and as shown by the solid line in FIG. May not be completely fitted into the spindle 2 or the supply port 6 even if the tool T is pushed in. Even in such a case,
The tool fitting cylinder 4 has the automatic tool changer body 3
In the figure, rotate in the clockwise direction to the state shown by the imaginary line. Then, the control unit (not shown) that detects and processes the relative positions of the automatic tool changer body 3 and the tool fitting cylinder 4 erroneously assumes that the fitting part T1 of the tool T is completely fitted. A situation occurs in which a judgment is made (the limit switch at the arm retreat end indicates that the retreat is completed), and the next operation command is issued. As a result, the automatic tool changer body 3 moves in the direction A in FIG. 6, and as a result, the tool T that is not fully fitted may drop from the spindle 2 and damage the tool T and the like. In order to prevent this, the operator confirms that the tool T is completely fitted, and if it is incomplete, the automatic tool changer body 3 is moved before the next operation.
It is necessary to stop the operation, which not only lowers the work efficiency but also causes an accident because it is an automatic machine.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a conventional problem, and is to automatically check whether or not the tool T is completely fitted, thereby reducing the burden on the operator. However, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic tool changer that does not reduce work efficiency.

[Means for Solving Problems] The gist of the present invention for achieving such an object is to rotate and transfer an automatic tool changer body into which a tool can be fitted in the vicinity of a spindle such as a machining center, The main body of the automatic tool changer is moved in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle to approach the main spindle, and the main body of the automatic tool changer positioned is guided to move the arm parallel to the axis of the main spindle. In an automatic tool changer capable of mounting a tool grasped at the tip of the spindle on the spindle, the automatic tool changer body moves in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis, and engages when positioned on the spindle side. A locking projection provided on the automatic tool changer or on the spindle side for preventing the automatic tool changer body from moving back and forth in the spindle axis direction, and engaging with this locking projection Therefore, the arm moves to the main spindle side in parallel with the main spindle axis on the main shaft side or the locked portion provided on the main automatic tool changing apparatus facing the engaging protrusion and the main body of the automatic tool changing apparatus. When the operating position of the detection means is not detected in a state in which the engaged portion and the locking projection are locked, the arm moves from the main shaft. It exists in the erroneous operation prevention mechanism of the automatic tool changer that prevents the separation operation.

"Action" Then, when the main body of the automatic tool changer is moved in the direction perpendicular to the spindle axis and approaches the main spindle, the locking projection approaches the locked portion, and the main body of the automatic tool changer will be moved in the main spindle axis direction. Then, the locking projection is hooked on the locked portion, and the automatic tool changer body cannot move in the spindle axis direction, and the automatic tool changer body cannot move in the spindle axis direction. By detecting the position of the arm, it is possible to determine the accurate mounting state of the tool fitted to the arm and the spindle.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machining center 1
An automatic tool changer (hereinafter, referred to as “ATC”) 20 and a tool magazine 30 are arranged at key points 0.

The ATC 20 includes a drive cylinder 40 that drives the ATC body 50 so as to swing.

The drive cylinder 40 is arranged between the spindle 13 of the machining center and the tool magazine 30, and has the rod 4 at one end.
1 is fastened to the back wall surface 31 of the tool magazine 30, the drive rod 42 at the other end is extended, the tip end 43 is connected to the ATC body 50, and is pivotally supported by a pivot pin 44. There is.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, the ATC body 50
The guided body 70 is provided on the swing body 60 so as to be guided.

A base portion 61 of the rocking body 60 is pivotally attached to a predetermined position of the machining center 10 by a pivot pin 12 so that the rocking body 6 can be rotated.
There are two guide rods 6 parallel to each other at the end 62 of 0.
3,63 are fixed.

Through holes 71, 71 are formed in a lower position of the guided body 70 so that the guide rods 63 can be externally fitted.

A tool fitting cylinder 72 is provided at an intermediate position of the guided body 70 via a rotating mechanism 75, and the tool fitting cylinder 72 has a cylinder rod 73 which is immovable and rotatable in the B direction in FIG. The cylinder main body 74 is provided so as to be movable in the B direction with respect to the cylinder rod 73.

A twin arm 76 is provided at the base end 74 a of the cylinder body 74 of the guided body 70. The twin arm 76 is movable in the B direction together with the cylinder body 74, and the turning mechanism 75 is provided.
Is attached to the cylinder body 74 so as to be able to rotate 180 degrees by rotating the cylinder rod 73.

A driven plate 77 is provided between the rotating mechanism 75 and the twin arm 76, the driven plate 77 is movable in the B direction together with the twin arm 76, and the rotating mechanism 75 rotates the cylinder rod 73. Is attached to the twin arm 76 so that it cannot rotate.

At the upper end of the driven plate 77, a detected rod 78 having one end fixed to the driven plate 77 is provided so as to be movable in the B direction. Two photoelectric tubes 79, 79 for detecting the detected rod 78 are provided above the detected rod 78.
Is provided, the photoelectric tube 79 detects the detection rod 78, thereby detecting the fitting position and the standby position of the twin arm 76 that moves in the B direction together with the detection rod 78, and transmits the detection position to a control unit (not shown). It is a thing.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the machining center 1
No. 0 main shaft 13 has a protruding pin 14 as a locking projection, and a front surface of the guided body 70 has a fitting hole 70 as a locked portion.
a is provided, and the fitting hole 70a is formed so as to be externally fitted to the protruding pin 14 when the guided body 70 is guided by the guide rod 63 and approaches the main shaft 13 of the machining center 10.

The projecting pin 14 and the fitting hole 70a constitute an erroneous operation prevention mechanism of the ATC 20.

Next, the operation will be described.

FIG. 1 shows the ATC main body 50 at a tool receiving position, a tool delivery standby position, a tool mounting position (shown in phantom lines) and a position in the middle of transfer (shown in solid line). There is.

When the ATC body 50 is in the tool receiving position, A
One end of the twin arm 76 of the guided body 70 of the TC body 50 is fitted with the tool T3 of the next process received from the tool magazine 30, and the other end of the twin arm 76 of the guided body 70 is a pre-process tool (not shown). Tools are not fitted to receive the. At this time, the twin arm 76 is in the retracted position (position separated from the main body of the guided body 70) by the fluid pressure switching valve of the cylinder main body 74.

Next, the drive rod 42 is pushed out by the pressure of the drive cylinder 40 to drive the essential part of the oscillating body 60 of the ATC body 50, so that the ATC body 50 moves counterclockwise in FIG. Turn to. In the meantime, the twin arm 76 is in the forward position (the distance from the main body of the guided body 70 is close to the distance in the tool fitted state).

Next, the guided body 70 is moved with respect to the rocking body 60 so as to approach the main shaft 13 of the machining center 10. As a result, the fitting hole 70a of the guided body 70 is externally fitted to the protruding pin 14 of the main shaft 13, the positioning stopper (not shown) of the guided body 70 abuts on the machining center 10 side, and the guided body 70 moves. Stop. At this time, the other end of the twin arm 76 of the guided body 70 grips the tool in the previous step fitted on the spindle 13.

Without moving the position of the guided body 70 with respect to the vibrating body 60,
(The fitting hole 70a of the guided body 70 is the protruding pin 1 of the main shaft 13.
Twin arm 76 of guided body 70
Is retracted, and the tool in the previous step fitted to the spindle 13 is removed from the spindle.

Then, the rotating mechanism 75 rotates the twin arm 76 through 180 degrees through the cylinder rod 73 to rotate the twin arm 7 half.
The tool T3 in the next step, which is fitted onto one end of the shaft 6, faces the fitting hole of the spindle 13. When the twin arm 76 is advanced by switching the fluid pressure of the tool fitting cylinder 72, the fitting portion T4 of the tool T3 in the next step is inserted into the fitting hole of the spindle 13. Further, the detected rod 78 moves in the B1 direction in FIG.

The fitting portion T4 of the tool T3 in the next step has a predetermined shape,
If no chips or the like are attached to the fitting portion T4, the fitting portion T4 of the tool T3 in the next step is completely fitted in the fitting hole of the spindle 13. As a result, the photoelectric tube 79 detects that the twin arm 76 is in the fitting position via the fitted detection rod 78, and transmits it to the control unit.
0 moves along the guide rod 63 so as to be separated from the main shaft 13 of the machining center 10, and the fitting hole 70a of the guided body 70 is also removed from the projecting pin 14 of the main shaft 13.

The fitting portion T4 of the tool T3 in the next step is not in a predetermined shape or chips or the like are attached to the fitting portion T4, so that the fitting portion T4 of the tool T3 in the next step is completely inserted into the fitting hole of the spindle 13. In the case where the guide body 70 is not fitted inside, the pressure of the cylinder main body 74 of the tool fitting cylinder 72, which is a force to move the twin arm 76 forward, is applied to the guided body 70 through the rotation mechanism 75 in FIG.
It becomes a force to pull in two directions.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, since the protruding pin 14 of the main shaft 13 is fitted in the fitting hole 70a of the guided body 70, the guided body 70 cannot move in the B2 direction. The photoelectric tube 79 of the guided body 70 cannot move with respect to the detected rod 78, and the photoelectric tube 79 is in a state of detecting the twin arm 76 at the incomplete fitting position via the detected rod 78. Therefore, the control unit does not send a signal that the twin arm 76 is in the mounting position. The control unit does not issue a next process command, the guided body 70 is not separated from the spindle 13, and the guided body 70 maintains the state and stops the machine after the time is up.

By this abnormal display of the control unit, the ATC 20 is switched from the automatic operation to the manual operation, the operator retracts the twin arm 76 of the guided body 70, and inspects the tool T3 of the next process fitted to one end of the twin arm 76. To do.

The fitting portion T4 of the tool T3 in the next step is completely fitted in the fitting hole of the main shaft 13, and the guided body 70 is separated from the main shaft 13 and moved to a predetermined position according to a command from the control unit. Next, the guided body 70 is swung to the tool receiving position by being rotated clockwise in FIG. 1 by the drive cylinder 40 in a state where the tool of the previous step is fitted onto the other end of the twin arm 76. . The tool of the previous process is delivered to the tool magazine 30, the tool of the next process (not shown) is received from the tool magazine 30, and the tool is stopped at the tool receiving position during processing.

In the above embodiment, the ATC main body 50 was shaken in the vicinity of the main shaft 13, but the erroneous operation preventing mechanism of the present embodiment is also applied to the one in which the ATC main body 50 is moved by being moved in parallel with the axis of the main shaft 13. Needless to say.

Further, in the above embodiment, the protruding pin 14 of the main shaft 13 is
Although the guide 70 is fitted in a fitting hole 70a formed on the front surface of the guided body 70 to prevent the guided body 70 from moving in the axial direction of the spindle 13, the invention is not limited to this. It suffices that the guided body 70 side is hooked on the 13 side and the hooking force can withstand the pressure for fitting the cylinder body 74 of the tool fitting cylinder 72.

"Effect of the device" According to the operation error prevention mechanism of the automatic tool changer according to the present invention, it is not necessary to check whether the tool is completely fitted on the spindle, the burden on the operator is reduced, and the work efficiency is improved. Can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a plan view showing the automatic tool changer and its vicinity,
FIG. 2 is a front view of a machining center equipped with an automatic tool changer, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of the main body of the automatic tool changer, showing a necessary part broken away, and FIG. FIGS. 5 and 6 show a conventional automatic tool changing device, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state before the tool is fitted on the spindle. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the tool is fitted on the spindle. 10 ... Machining center, 13 ... Spindle 14 ... Projection pin, 20 ... Automatic tool changer 50 ... Automatic tool changer body, 70a ... Fitting hole 76 ... Twin arm

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. An automatic tool changer body capable of fitting a tool into a vicinity of a main axis of a machining center or the like is rotated and transferred, and the automatic tool changer body is moved in a direction perpendicular to the main axis line to approach the main axis. In the automatic tool changer, the arm is moved parallel to the spindle axis by guiding on the positioned main body of the automatic tool changer, and the tool held at the tip of the arm can be mounted on the spindle. The automatic tool changer body moves in the direction perpendicular to the spindle axis and engages when positioned on the spindle side. The automatic tool changer is provided on the automatic tool changer or the spindle side, and the automatic tool changer is arranged in the spindle axis direction. A locking protrusion for preventing the main body of the apparatus from moving forward and backward, and an element for engaging with this locking protrusion, which is provided on the spindle side or on the automatic tool changer so as to face the locking protrusion. And a detection means for detecting a moving end position when the arm moves to the spindle side in parallel with the spindle axis on the main body of the automatic tool changer. A mechanism for preventing erroneous operation of an automatic tool changer, characterized in that the arm is prevented from performing a separating operation from the spindle when the operating position of the detecting means is not detected in a state where the locking projection is locked.