JPH0317658A - Manufacture of electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an electrophotographic sensitive body superior in interlayer adhesion, sensitivity, repetition characteristics, dispersibility, and dispersion stability by dissolving polyvinyl butyral in a solvent, then adding and dispersing a carrier generating material, further adding and redispersing a resin specified in volume resistivity, coating with the obtained liquid dispersion, and drying to form a carrier generating layer. CONSTITUTION:The electrophotographic sensitive body is formed by laminating on a conductive substrate 1 an interlayer 7, the carrier generating layer 6, and a carrier transfer layer 4. The carrier generating layer 6 is formed by dissolving polyvinyl butyral as a binder, then adding and dispersing the carrier generating material, further adding and redispersing as the binder the resin having a volume resistivity of >=10<12>OMEGA.cm, such as polycarbonate, polyester, polymethacrylate, methacrylate-styrene copolymer, aliphatic acid-cellulose ester, and silicone resins, into a solvent in an amount of 65 - 95wt.% of the binder layer in the carrier generating layer, then coating with the obtained liquid dispersion, and drying it.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, and in detail,
Excellent interlayer adhesion, dispersibility/dispersion stability, and potential characteristics,
The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor that does not cause image quality defects such as black spots. [Prior Art] In recent years, electrophotographic photoreceptors have been used in a wide variety of applications as the market for copying machines, printers, etc. has expanded. In order to meet these needs, many studies have been conducted on electrophotographic photoreceptors using photoconductive materials instead of conventional inorganic photoconductive materials. In other words, a wide variety of organic photoconductive materials can be obtained by combining synthetic materials and synthetic row crops, which widens the range of material selection and meets the needs of electrophotographic processes. Various properties, such as charge retention, surface strength, sensitivity, and stability during repeated use, can be improved or improved. It also has the advantage of being extremely safe <l;
The sensitivity is low, and in the case of the anti-φλ phenomenon, background stains such as black spots occur. Furthermore, a functionally separated photoreceptor has been proposed in which the photosensitive layer is divided into two parts, and a key lia generation layer and a kyrelia transport layer are configured separately. This is because the carrier generation function and carrier transport function can be assigned to different substances separately.
It is believed that the electrophotographic properties such as sensitivity and chargeability can be easily controlled, and a photoreceptor with high sensitivity and high durability can be obtained. However, in order to improve electrostatic properties and image properties, the photoresist layer generally needs to be uniform, extremely thin, and smooth. Generally, the carrier generation layer is an extremely thin layer of about 0.5 μm, so slight defects, dirt, dirt, etc. on the substrate surface may affect the uniformity of the film thickness of the carrier generation layer. Therefore, if the thickness of the carrier generation layer is uneven, uneven sensitivity will occur on the photoreceptor. Therefore, it is required to make the thickness of the carrier generation layer as uniform as possible. It has been proposed to provide an intermediate layer having the function of a flash layer ψ between the carrier generation layer and the 319 layer.This intermediate layer must also have the function of an adhesive layer. In other words, poor adhesion causes peeling of the photosensitive layer, causing spitting, making effective charge injection difficult, and decreasing sensitivity, causing spitting.Furthermore, in order to stably obtain an extremely thin layer, The dispersibility and stability of the separation liquid itself are important issues.Therefore, many studies have been conducted to improve the adhesion or the separation reformability/dispersion stability of the dispersion liquid.For example, Kai+lrl63-26 (No. i455 uses butylated melamine resin and silicone resin as binders for the charge generation layer, but the adhesion with the intermediate layer is still insufficient and the dispersibility and dispersion stability are also not desirable. No. Vt Open 11i 158-30757 r G.t, Electric' (
By using polyvinyl butyral as the binder and polyamide as the binder for the intermediate layer, viewing performance improved, but there was a decrease in sensitivity and black spots. Poor image quality due to generation! Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 19147/1983 reports a photoreceptor using silicone resin as a binder in the charge generation layer and metal-free cyanine as a charge generation substance, and the sensitivity is Although it was sufficient, poor interlayer adhesion occurred.Also,
There have been many reports on fractional reforming methods, such as JP-A-56-12646, which describes a method of forming a carrier-generating layer from a dispersion in which resins having different compatibility with the solvent are sequentially dispersed. Although the separation property and separation stability of the dispersion were improved, poor image quality such as black spots occurred, and the interlayer adhesion was not sufficient. [Problem to be solved by the invention] Many photoreceptors have been reported that satisfy one characteristic, but this J: particularly satisfies all of these functions that many consumers desire. There is still 1 photoreceptor
The current situation is that it has not been completed. The object of the present invention is to provide an Ichiko'r film that has excellent interlayer adhesion, excellent potential characteristics such as sensitivity and repeatability, and excellent dispersion and dispersion stability, and that does not cause image quality defects such as black spots. The goal is to understand the manufacturing method of photoreceptors. [Means for Solving the Problems] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, in which at least an intermediate layer, a photoreactive layer, and a photoreceptor transport layer are formed on a conductive support. After dissolving polyvinyl butyral as a binder in a solvent, a KiVria generation substance was added and allowed to separate, and then a resin with a resistance of 1012 Ω CII 1 or more was added as a binder to the binder in the KiPria generation layer. Achieved by a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized in that the above-mentioned first and rear generation layer is formed by coating and drying a dispersion liquid in which m equivalent to 65 to 95% by weight of the mother is added and redispersed. Hereinafter, Kiyoko will be explained in more detail. In the present invention, two or more types of binders are used as the binder for the carrier generation layer. First, as the first type of binder, polyvinyl butyl A fractional solution (A) is prepared by adding =V:1 and the rear-generating substance to a solution of Ral dissolved in an appropriate solvent described below and dispersing it with a sand grinder etc. Separately, as a second type of binder, A resin with a resistance of 1012ΩCll1 or more,
A solution (B) is prepared by dissolving the first type of binder in the same solvent. After adding the solution (B) to the dispersion liquid (A) with stirring, dispersion is again carried out using a lind grinder or the like to obtain a coating liquid for the killia generation layer. The above carrier generation threshold coating liquid may be applied, for example, by dip coating.
It is applied to the intermediate mt or kit/rear transport layer-L by spray coating, blade coating, or roll coating V5iv to form a carrier generation layer. The polyvinylbutyral used as a binder in the present invention is obtained by first producing polyvinyl alcohol by hydrolysis using vinyl polyethate as a raw material, and then reacting it with butyraldehyde. Therefore, polyvinyl butyral has unreacted hydroxyl groups and acetyl groups where the butyral groups have reacted.
The chemical formula is as follows, and the molecular weight is approximately 30,000 ~
b in the range of 270,000 is preferred. The respective ratios of I CsH are 5 mol % or less of acedyl group, 60 to 81 mol % of butyral group, and the remainder of hydroxyl group. Polyvinyl butyral can be easily synthesized by known methods, such as polyvinyl butyral B-72A (manufactured by Monsan 11 Co., Ltd.) and Wang Surek BM-S (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.).
Children can obtain commercially available products such as Polyvinyl butyral has good adhesion, is colorless and transparent,
It has the advantage of being soluble in many ion-containing solvents and being free of IJ. The above volume resistivity 10 used as a binder in the present invention
What kind of resin is 12ΩCl1 or more?

Examples include polybonate, polyester, polymethacrylic ester, methacrylic ester/styrene copolymer, 1-fatty M senolose ester, and silicone resin. These [can be synthesized into a curved wheel by a known method, but commercially available products, such as
rKR5240. J ({fiJJX Kagakusha kJ), polyester "Vylon-20QJ (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), fatty acid hirulose ester N--2J (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and polycarbonate 11 "Banrai 1-1-1250.1 {manufactured by Teijin Corporation}, Delbell-J (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation), Eslec RC-2J, etc. Standard method) The measurement test sample is made by applying a coating liquid consisting of a resin solvent of a predetermined density onto a solidly bonded ceramic veneer using the Subin coating method.
A film of about ~3 Bm was formed, and a vapor-deposited gold electrode was roughly formed on it to have a g2-digit/inditch structure. After placing this sample in a container such as CryA-Stat and electrostatically shielding it,
A constant lightning r'r:V1 was applied between both electrodes, and after leaving it for a while, a constant lightning current I was determined. This measurement was carried out at several voltage points, and the volume resistance surface was determined from the slope of this vr characteristic. The volume 11 (resin with resistance of 1012 Ωcm or more (may be used in combination with 12 or more types, binder of carrier generation layer)
r11G Contains 5 to 95 silver %, especially 80 to 95 silver
It is preferable that the content is 90% by weight. In the present invention, in addition to the binder described above, it is also possible to use one or more types of other binders in combination with J3. As for the binder that can be used for 01, the same binder as that used for the intermediate layer described later can be used. In the photoreceptor of the present invention, a right-fold face as shown in the following representative example is used as the 417 rear generating material. (1) t noazo pigment, bisazo pigment, 1~lyazo pigment,
Azo additives such as metal complex salt azo pigments (2) Berylene pigments such as berylene anhydride and perylenic acid imide (3) Anthrai-non derivatives, 7-anthanthrone derivatives, dibenzpyrenginone derivatives, Biran 1- Ron derivative, Biolan!・Polycyclic guinone pigments such as lon derivatives and isoviolanthrone derivatives (4) Indigoid pigments such as indigo derivatives and thioindigo derivatives (5) Futa cyanine pigments such as metal futa cyanine and metal-free futa cyanine These Among them, the lid [1 cyanine-based compound has high sensitivity in a high wavelength range and is suitable for the photoconductor for semiconductor laser according to the present invention. Things (Special Publication No. 52-1667, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-60
No. 958, same! i7-20741, etc.), aluminum, titanium, vanadium, indium, etc. (JP-A No. 53-89433 bow, No. 57-14874)
No. 5, 63-218768 bow, 64-170 (i6
etc.), and from the viewpoint of high sensitivity, oxytitanyl phthalocyanine (Y type) is preferable. In addition, as the metal-free cyanine, X-type metal-free cyanine (Special Publication No. 49-/L: L3-8)
, τ-type metal-free capped cyanine (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-1112
No. 639) and α. Examples include β- and ε-type cyanine, and τ-type is preferable from the viewpoint of sensitivity and potential stability. Preferably used carrier-generating substances include azo pigments introduced in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 194035/1982 and Japanese Patent Application No. 336384/1983, and in particular, bisazo compounds represented by the following general formula ['']. Preferred.General formula [F] In the formula, Ch.Q2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, or a 1-refluoromethyl group.The halogen atom includes a salt M atom, a 5! elementary atom, Examples of the iodine atom and alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, butyl group, and examples of the alkoxy group include me-1-oxy group, ethoxy group, and butoxy group.Particularly preferred are hydrogen atom,
It is a halogen atom. Cp represents Kabler's remaining base, and the following structural formulas (1) to (11)
) is preferred. In the formula, Z represents an atomic group necessary to form a polycyclic aromatic ring or a heterocycle by condensation such as a benzene ring. R+. R2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group,
Represents an aryl group, a complex y4 group, or their E I'A form. Further, it may form a ring together with a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom. R3 is O, S. represents τN1-1. R4, Rs are hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups,
Represents a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, and an acetyl group. A is a carbocyclic aromatic ring or a heterocyclic aromatic ring 21i1
Represents the group 1i. R6 represents an alkyl base, an aralkyl base, an aryl base, a heterocyclic base, or a substitute thereof. R7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a dialkylamino group, a diarylamino group, a dialkylamino group, a canolebamoyl group, a canoleboxy group, or an ester group thereof. R8 represents an aromatic ring group or a substitution thereof. Among these Kabler remaining bases, (1), (3), (9)
, (10) are preferred, particularly those represented by the following structural formula (1-a). (
1-b) is preferred. In the formula, Y+ and Y2 represent a hydrogen atom, a gen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a base, a cyano group, and a trifluoromethyl base. Furthermore, pigments other than those mentioned above that are preferably used include v
There are polycyclic quinone pigments described in Ima No. 55-126254, examples of which are represented by the following general formula [Q+] [Q
2] and [Q3]. General formula [Q. ] C) ○ General formula [Q2] 0 0 General formula [Q, 1 0 where R+, R2, R3 R4 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, x11 halogen atom and NO2, CN. C.O.C.
Represents each group l-la. 11 is an integer from 0 to 4. In the carrier-generating layer, it is preferable that the mold contained in the Chirelia-generating substance/carrier-generating binder is 175 to 3/1, and 173 to 3/1.
More preferably, it is 1. If the content d ratio of the Chirelia-generating substance is larger than the above range (1), black spots etc. are likely to appear. However, if the proportion of the carrier-generating substance is too small, photosensitivity and the like will decrease. In the present invention, together with the carrier generating substance described above,
It is also possible to use one or more carrier-generating substances in combination. Examples of chlorine-generating substances that can be used in combination include anthraquinone pigments, perylene pigments, methine squaric acid Wi materials,
Examples include cyanine dyes and azulenium compounds. Suitable solvents used in forming the above-mentioned cryptogenic layer include methanol, isopropanol, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, cycloheginanone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, Examples include single or mixed solvents such as xylene. It is preferable that nΔJ of the cancer generation layer is 0.1 μm or more, and it is preferably within the range of 0.2 to 5 μm.
:Recommended. The photoreceptor of the present invention has the structure shown in FIG. 1, for example. In this photoreceptor, on the conductive support (base body) 1,
The carrier generation layer 6 is FIJed through the intermediate layer 7 described above, and the carrier transport layer 4 is provided on this carrier generation TAG. 8 indicates a photosensitive layer. Therefore, since the intermediate space 7 is provided between the rear generator M6 and the support iA1, it effectively prevents uneven injection of balls from the support side as shown in FIG. During photodissection, electrons, which are photochirelia, can be efficiently transported to the support side. As shown in FIG. 2, the photoreceptor of the present invention has a layer structure in which the carrier permeable layer 6 and the 4:17 rear transport layer 4 are upside down
For Seifuneden use, you can return it. Further, in the photoreceptor of the present invention, a protective layer <Protection 11W> may be formed on the surface of the photoreceptor in order to improve printing durability, for example, a synthetic resin film may be footed. In the present invention, an intermediate layer is provided between the conductive support and the photosensitive layer. Binders contained in the intermediate layer include polyurethane, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy, and ethylene-acrylic acid. polymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, casein, methylcellulose, nitrocellulose, or phenol resin. One or more of these binders is methanol,
Alcohol solution such as ethanol or butanol, or
A solution dissolved in a solvent such as luene is applied onto a substrate using a coating method such as a dip coating method, a roll coating method, a spray coating method, a wire bar coating method, a bead coating method, or a force-ten coating method. Obtained by T-Zurukodo. The film thickness is generally 0.1 to 5 μm, preferably 0.5 μm.
~3 μm. The amount of binder used is preferably 1 to 5% based on the solvent. 1; Lelia Transportation V! j < , the kinolia transport 'd alone or together with a binder resin is treated with a suitable Q solvent or fraction i.
It can be formed by dissolving and dissolving FI 9M, coating it, and drying it. The solvents or dispersion media used include 0-butylamine, diethylamine, dilenediamine, isopropanolamine, triethanolamine, 1-lyethylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl amine, acetin, methylethylken, Cyclohexanone, benzene, toluene, 1-silene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, te
・Rahydrofuran, geoginane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc. can be mentioned. There are no particular limitations on carrier transport substances that can be used in the present invention, but they include carbazole derivatives, oxinozole derivatives, diazole derivatives, thiazole rf, I
J form, thiadiazole g 4 form,] lyazole derivative, imidazole derivative, imidazolone derivative, imidazolidine derivative, bisimidazolidine derivative, styryl compound, hydrazone compound, birazoline derivative, oxazolone derivative, penzothiazole derivative, penzimidazole II form, ;1 Nazoline M4 body, penzofuran g l
acridine derivatives, phenazine derivatives, aminostilbene derivatives, 1-lyarylamine derivatives, phenylenediamine M Ll derivatives, stilbene derivatives, boly N-
Vinyl Rubazole, Poly-1-vinylpyrene, Poly-
One or more types selected from 9-vinylanthracene and the like. Specific examples of compounds of such carrier transport substances are described in Japanese Patent Application No. b1 1985-50851. As a carrier transport substance used in wood invention, light irradiation o
It is preferable to use a material that not only has an excellent ability to transport the temporarily generated holes to the support side but also is suitable for combination with a charge generating substance. Preferred examples of such a transport substance include styryl compounds represented by the following general formula [■] or [■]. General formula [Vl]: (However, in this general formula, R++, RI2H represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, an aryl group, and direct substituted groups include an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted amino group, a hydroxyl group, and a halogen atom. , an aryl group is used. Ar5, Δr6: represents i5fJ@ or an unsubstituted aryl group, and as a substituent, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted amino group, a water group, a halogen atom, or an aryl group is used. R+3, R14 : Represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or hydrogen atom, and as a substituent, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted aryono group, a water group, a halogen atom, or an aryl group is used.) The above general formula [■] The compound represented by is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-58-65440, JP-A-58-198425 Yumi, JP-A No. 58-198425.
-198043, 60-93445, GO-9
It is written in No. 81137 etc. General formula [■j: Soldier... (However, in this general formula, R15: substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R16: hydrogen atom, halogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, alkoxy group, amino group, substituted (R17: substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; , the following general formula [IX] or [
[XI] hydrazone compounds can be used. General formula UIX]: General formula [XI]: (Formerly, in this general formula, R 113 and R19: each a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, R20 and R21: each a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, A r7 ; substituted or (Represents an un-1d-substituted arylene group.) The above compound is described, for example, in JP-A-57-72148. (However, in this general formula, R34: substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, R35: hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, Q: (Hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, substituted amino group, alkoxy group, or cyano group, S: O or an integer of 1.) In addition, as a chemical transport substance, a birazoline compound of the following general formula [X1] is also available. The above compound is, for example, a special fffl1346424
, No. 58-166354, etc. Part II! Useful carrier transport materials include, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open Nos. 57-64244, 59-1!1252, 57-679110, 55-2285, and 571.
Examples include No. 6 described in No. 95254 and No. 56-4148. The film thickness of the Ki1/rear transport layer is 10 μm or more. Preferably, it is seven. The thickness of the entire photosensitive layer (preferably within the range of 10 to 40 μm, more preferably within the range of 15 to 30 μm. If the film thickness is smaller than the above range, the charging potential will be low due to the thinness) , printing durability also tends to decrease.Furthermore, if the film thickness is larger than the above range, the residual potential will increase on the contrary, and the same phenomenon as described above when the carrier generation layer is too thick will occur. There is a tendency for it to become difficult to obtain sufficient transport capacity, and as a result, an increase in residual potential tends to occur in the repeated Katsukawa IIS.Furthermore, in the carrier transport layer, the carrier transport material has a high compatibility with the binder material. It is preferable that the binder material has excellent properties.J: Since it does not cause turbidity and opacity even if the amount of the binder material is increased, the mixing ratio with the binder material can be set at a very wide range. Due to its excellent solubility, the carrier generation layer is uniform and stable, resulting in better sensitivity and electrical properties, and it also has a photoreceptor that can form clear image imprints with a sensitivity of ?a. However, the ratio of the carrier transport material used is 40 to 7 (lff) to the binder of the carrier transport layer.
It is preferably i%. Furthermore, especially when used in repeated transfer type electrophotography, it is possible to achieve the effect that fatigue deterioration is less likely to occur. Conventionally known antioxidants, organic polymer semiconductors, electron-accepting substances, surface modifiers, ultraviolet absorbers, and the like are used in the carrier transport layer and the tv rea generation layer. As a maintenance IIH pinder provided as necessary,
Volume resistance 108Ω・caa or more, preferably 101o
A transparent resin with a resistance of 0 - cm or more, and a hardness of 1013 Ω·CI or more is used. Further, the binder may be a resin that is cured by light or heat, and the resin that is cured by light or heat includes:
For example, thermosetting acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, urea resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin,
There are melamine resins, photocurable cinnamic acid resins, and copolymerized or synthetic resins thereof, and all other photocurable or thermosetting resins used in electrophotographic materials can be used. Thermoplastic resin is added as necessary to improve processed bamboo and physical properties (prevention of splitting, imparting flexibility, etc.).
It can be contained in an amount less than 0 wt%. Examples of such thermoplastic resins include polypropylene, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin,
Epoxy resins, polycarbonate resins or copolymer resins thereof, polymeric organic semiconductors such as poly-N-vinyl-rubazole, and other thermoplastic resins used in electrophotographic materials can all be used. The conductive support is formed by applying a conductive thin layer of a metal plate, a metal drum, a conductive polymer, an lffi compound such as indium oxide, or a metal such as aluminum, palladium, or gold by means of coating, vapor deposition, lamination, etc. , paper, plastic film, etc. are used. [Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
The present invention is not limited thereby, and of course includes other embodiments with various modifications. Example 1 First, photoreceptor 1 of Example 1 was manufactured as follows. First, Resin 600 shown below was added to 2000 tons of toluene and completely dissolved while heating to 50° C. to prepare an intermediate coating solution.・Elvax 4260 (manufactured by DuPont Mitsui Chemicals) Edylene Vinyl Monoacetate-Methacrylic Acid (Polymer vinyl acetate content: right m 28W [%, Ml””R 6 G/10++in diameter QQn+m, height 355mm, wall thickness 1. An aluminum cylinder with a chain-processed arm surface was immersed in the above-mentioned intermediate coating solution, and the lifting speed (coating speed) was 300 II.
Dip coating was performed at a speed of lIn/win. After coating, it was dried at 40° C. for 30 minutes, and an intermediate layer having a thickness of 0.5 μm was provided. The coating solution for the intermediate layer used here was filtered through a 0.6 μm filter. Next, as the first type of binder, dissolve 8 liters of polyvinyl butyral "S-LEC BM-SJ (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) in Meburu Epurukeshin (MEK) and add 1800 ml of polyvinyl butyral.
n (2) to solution (A), add 40o of Y-type A doxyditanium phthalocyanine [exemplified compound ffl], and
I lost for 4 hours at the grinder. Next, as the second type of binder, silicone resin rKR 5240
J (1i!+1 type 20%) (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical) 16
0(1 (80wt% of the total carrier generation period binder)
Phase: Solution B by dissolving 5) in MEK to make 200-1
12 minutes while stirring, and sanded again. At Indah 1
The mixture was dispersed over time to prepare a coating solution for the Chyria generation layer (CGL). However, the C G l binder total is 40 points, and the amount of polyvinyl butyral is calculated by subtracting the 2fI type binder flea and the remaining q. The cylinder having the above intermediate layer is immersed in this liquid, and 7
Dip coating was performed at a coating speed of 20+++n+/win, and a 0.5 μm thick KiP rear generation layer (
CGL) was 1!7. Furthermore, 200 g of Ki1-rea transport material (CTM-B) and 400 g of polycarbonate resin "Ubilon Z-2004 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.) were dissolved in 2000 d of 1,2-dichloroethane, and {q The cylinder coated with the intermediate periphery and the rear generation layer was immersed in the solution, pulled up at a pulling speed (coating speed) of 90 questions, /+ia+ to perform dip coating, and dried at 85°C for 1 hour. Transverse transport disease (CTL) with a membrane thickness of 20 μm
A photoreceptor 1 was prepared by forming a photoconductor. Examples 2 to 9, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Silicone Fj1 fat rKR 5240 as binder
J, polyvinyl butyral "S-LEC BM-SJ, M [EK, CTM-B as a carrier transport material]
Actual IM Example 1 was used in exactly the same manner as in Actual IM Example 1, except that the materials shown in Table 1 were used instead of the ones shown in Table 1.
9. Comparative Photoreceptors 1 to 4 were prepared 1. Next, measurements were performed on each photoreceptor. However, electricity? , ff Measurement of dispersibility and dispersion stability of the coating liquids was carried out by the following method.For dispersibility, after dispersing C, charge generating substance and binder in a solvent, each dispersion was mixed with aluminum. Wai 17 on the steamer seat
- The coating was applied using a bar, and the uniformity of the film was visually judged. Further, dispersion stability was evaluated by the degree of sedimentation when the separated solution was allowed to float for one week after fractionation, and the degree of clogging when filtered through a 0.6 μ-filter. Their evaluation criteria are shown below. Measurement of black spots or white spots Each of the photoconductors 1 to 7 according to the present invention and the photoconductors 1 to 4 of comparative examples were mounted on a modified rU-Bix 1550 J (manufactured by Konica Corporation) (equipped with a semiconductor laser light source), Vll
The grid voltage was adjusted so that the voltage was -700±10 [V], and the electric field on the exposed surface during 0.7 mW shaving was determined as VL.
Then, reversal development was performed at a developing bias of -600 [V'l, and black spots on the white background portion of the copied image were evaluated. Further, photoreceptors 8 to 9 are rU-Bix 1550 J l.
: The machine was installed, regular development was performed, and self-spots in the black background portion of the copied image were evaluated. For evaluation of FIA spots and white spots, the #I diameter and number of black spots were measured using an image analysis device "Omnifun 300" (manufactured by Shima 1l Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and φ (diameter) was 0.051.
Judgment was made based on how many black spots were present per 1 cm2. ! The standard criteria for evaluating yA spots and self-spots are as follows: If the result of black or white spot judgment is ◎ or ○, it will be practical.
△ means that it may not be suitable for practical use, and × means that it is not suitable for practical use (1). The interval is ll
Using an On+ Katsutano J-id, make 11 parallel scratches in the vertical and horizontal directions with a cutter to form 100 decoy squares (base squares). On top of that, the width is 2 4 + 110
After applying the sellotape from step 1, peel it off from one end. The number of squares that peeled off at that time was counted and expressed as the number of squares remaining out of 100. As a guideline for adhesion, 100/100 is considered good adhesion, and O/100 is considered poor. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of Examples and Comparative Examples. *l) CGM: [[] bisazo M material *4) CTM: rA] [B] CGM: [V] Polycyclic Ki/Flat thread pigment 0 As is clear from Table 1, real IAf941-8 are carrier-generating. The dispersibility and dispersion stability of the layer coating solution are very high;
＜, and almost no black spots were observed. [Effects of the Invention] As explained in detail above, the present invention has excellent layer indirection properties, excellent potential characteristics such as sensitivity and chargeability, and good decomposition and dispersion stability, as well as problems such as black spot generation. It was possible to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor that does not cause image quality defects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are sectional views of the layer structure of the electrophotographic photoreceptor, respectively. 1... 11 conductive supports 1) body (substrate)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having at least an intermediate layer, a carrier generation layer, and a carrier transport layer on a conductive support, polyvinyl butyral as a binder is dissolved in a solvent, and then a carrier generation substance is added and dispersed. Then, as a binder, the volume resistance is 10^1^2Ω.
Electrophotography, characterized in that the carrier generation layer is formed by adding a resin of cm or more in an amount equivalent to 65 to 95% by weight of the binder in the carrier generation layer and redispersing the resulting dispersion, and then drying the dispersion. Method of manufacturing a photoreceptor. (2) The resin having a volume resistivity of 10^1^2 Ωcm or more,
The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone resin, polyester, fatty acid cellulose ester, polycarbonate, polymethacrylate ester, and methacrylate ester/styrene copolymer. manufacturing method. (3) In the carrier generation layer, the weight ratio of the carrier generation substance to the binder in the carrier generation layer is 1/5 to 1/5.
2. The method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein the ratio is 3/1.