JPH03175996A - Smear method of specimen on medium and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce mistakes in an examination process when plural specimens are smeared in one laboratory dish by rotating and moving a medium side and a specimen smearing means in a relatively given direction and smearing the specimens in a fixed pattern. CONSTITUTION:A driving arm 6 is reciprocated left and right once in a given angle range in such a way that a table is reciprocated and rotated in an angle range of approximately 180 deg.-alpha (alpha=10-20). During the reciprocation and rotation, when hands 7a and 7b are moved by given distances, respectively, in a separating direction as shown by an arrow (a), the tips of sticks 8a and 8b draw loci on a medium 10 of a laboratory dish 9 to form a smear pattern of specimen. In the smear pattern, specimens can be smeared in a relatively wide range and the smear is made symmetric left and right to establish the pattern.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention provides a petri dish containing a medium such as agar,
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for smearing an object to be examined, that is, a specimen, for culture.

[Prior art]

Generally, smearing of specimens onto this type of medium is done manually. Particularly when it is necessary to test a large number of specimens, the reality is that each specimen is manually smeared onto each petri dish in sequence.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional method, specimen smearing is done manually, which is not only inefficient, but also requires a large number of Petri dishes because the specimen is smeared on each petri dish individually, which requires storage space for subsequent culture. is also widely needed. If 1. - Even if it is possible to smear multiple specimens onto a single petri dish, actual examination will be difficult if the specimens are not neatly separated at the stage of microscopic examination after culturing. In other words, smearing a specimen onto a culture medium requires a smear pattern with appropriate divisions, and skill is required to form the appropriate smear pattern manually. Therefore, when smearing this type of specimen, there are issues that must be solved, such as improving work efficiency, storage management for culturing a large number of petri dishes, and forming a smear pattern that properly separates multiple specimens. have.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a specific means for solving the problems of the conventional example, the present invention is characterized in that the medium side and the specimen smearing means side are relatively rotated or moved in a predetermined direction to smear the specimen in a fixed pattern. The present invention provides a method for smearing a specimen onto a culture medium, and in particular has a plurality of specimen smearing means for one medium, and rotates or moves them relatively in a predetermined direction to smear the plurality of specimens. Since the rotation is a reciprocating rotation in a predetermined angular range and the movement is in a separate direction or in a parallel direction, it is possible to smear a plurality of specimens on one petri dish in a fixed pattern. Even after smearing, the sections are neatly divided, so no errors will occur in the subsequent inspection process. In addition, there is provided a specimen smearing device for a culture medium, which is equipped with a table on which a Petri dish containing a culture medium is placed and which rotates back and forth within a predetermined angle range, and a specimen smearing means to which a specimen is attached and which can be moved and rotated in a predetermined direction. It is intended to provide
Since the sample smearing means consists of a stick and a hand that detachably holds the stick, an orderly smear pattern with a predetermined sample concentration can be formed despite the simple device.

【Example】

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. Reference numeral 1 denotes a table, which is rotatably supported by a shaft 2, and a supporting member 3 made of a non-slip material such as rubber on the top surface of the table. are integrally attached. The shaft 2 may be installed in a planted state on a suitable workbench 4, or it may be disposed through the workbench, and if it is installed in a planted state, it will be attached to the underside of the table as shown in the figure. A protruding boss portion 5 is provided, and a drive arm 6 that engages with the boss portion and reciprocates to provide reciprocating rotation is provided,
In the penetrating state, although not shown, the lower end of the shaft 2 is rotated by a drive unit such as an appropriate motor. Further, a sample smearing means is disposed facing the top surface of the table 1. That is, the sample smearing means is composed of a plurality of hands 7a, 7b, and sticks 8a, 3b which are removably held or clamped by the hands, respectively. The object to be tested, ie, the specimen, is attached to the tip of these sticks and smeared onto a culture medium, which will be described later. To do this, the hands 7a, 7b must move up and down, and perform preparatory actions before confronting the table 1, that is, actions for moving to the specimen installation location and replacing the sticks 8a, 8b; After facing the table 1, it has a kind of robot function that is programmed to move relatively or away from the left and right. Furthermore, if necessary, the hand itself may be programmed to rotate individually along the axis, or to reciprocate in a circular arc within a predetermined angular range while moving in parallel or moving apart. In this case, the table 1 is supported so as to move in parallel. The petri dish 9 placed on the table 1 is the same as the one commonly used, and a suitable culture medium 10 made of agar or the like is stored in the petri dish. The method of smearing a specimen using the above device will be explained as follows: 1. First, the first to third methods are as shown in Figure 2.
For example, if the table 1 is approximately 180°α (α-10~20
), the drive arm 6 is reciprocated from side to side within a predetermined angular range. During this reciprocating rotation, when the hands 7a and 7b move a predetermined distance in the direction of separation, as shown by the arrow a, the tips of the sticks 8a and 8b touch the culture medium 10 of the Petri dish 9. A sample smear pattern is formed by drawing a trajectory as shown in Figure 3. With this smear pattern, the specimen can be smeared over a relatively wide area,
Moreover, it becomes symmetrical and becomes an established pattern. The second method is when the hand 7a17b moves in parallel. Instead of moving the hands 7a, 7b apart in the first method, the tips of the sticks 8a, 8b may be moved parallel to each other as shown by the arrows, so that the tips of the sticks 8a, 8b do not touch the culture medium 10 of the Petri dish 9. As shown in FIG. 4, a trajectory similar to that of the first method is drawn. In this case, it is necessary to move the sticks 8a and 8b in parallel with a predetermined distance apart (at least twice the moving distance). Furthermore, when the hands 7a and 7b are moved in parallel, the table 1 is rotated approximately 90° in a reciprocating motion, so that the tips of the sticks 8a and 8b are aligned with the culture medium 10 of the petri dish 9 as shown in FIG. Draw a trajectory like the one shown. In this case, the range of smearing of the specimen becomes narrower, but the method is the same as the above method in that a constant smear pattern is formed. In each of the above methods, two hands have been described, but it is also possible to have three or four hands. In this case, the reciprocating rotation of the table 1 is, for example, 120 degrees or 90', and the movement of the hand is limited to remote movement. For example, FIG. 6 shows a case where three hands are used. In other words, the sticks 8a18b and 3c held in each hand move in the direction of separation, and the table 1 rotates back and forth within a range of 120 degrees or less to form a predetermined smear pattern. Further, FIG. 7 shows the case of four hands. Even in this case, the stick 8a,
5b18c and 8d move in the direction of separation, and the table 1 rotates back and forth within a range of 90" or less. In any case, multiple specimens can be clearly smeared on one Petri dish in a constant smear pattern. In addition, as shown in Fig. 8, the hand is separated and smeared several times within half a rotation of the table 1. A predetermined smear pattern can also be formed by repeating the approach.
Position the sticks 8a and 8b with a certain sense,
By reciprocating both sticks, for example, four times while slowly rotating the table half a turn, the smear pattern shown in the figure can be formed on the petri dish 9. This reciprocating movement is not limited to the above four times, but can be performed more or less than wa times. In each of the above explanations, the table, that is, the petri dish, is rotated and the stick is moved apart or in parallel directions. On the other hand, almost the same smear pattern can be formed by rotating the stick and moving the Petri dish; Instead, it may be moved along a curve. The key is to form a predetermined or constant smear pattern by relatively moving one or both of the sticks or the petri dish under certain conditions. Furthermore, when smearing a specimen with a stick, the stick is rotated as a means of uniformly smearing the entire sample. The process is shown in FIGS. 9(A) to 9(C). That is, as shown in Figure (A), the specimen 11 attached to the tip of the stick 8 may be biased to one side. Furthermore, even if the stick is not uneven, the Wffi may be attached unevenly depending on the stick, or there may be extra deposits. Therefore, as shown in Figure (B), the stick 8 is stuck into the culture medium 10, and then the stick 8 is rotated in a predetermined direction as shown in Figure (C). Due to this rotation, excess specimen or deposits adhere to the medium 10 at the position where the stick 8 is pierced, and in the formation of a smear pattern by subsequent movement, the specimen is smeared with the overall predetermined concentration. It can be done. In other words, although the concentration of the specimen varies at the position where the stick 8 is pierced, the smear pattern formed thereafter can be smeared with a predetermined uniform density as a whole. Moreover, after the rotation process shown in the above figure (C) is completed, -
It is also possible to once pull out the stick 8 from the medium 10 and then pierce the medium 10 with the stick 8 at a new position or in a new Petri dish 9 to form a smear pattern. In this case, since the concentration of the specimen adhering to the stick 8 is uniform, a smear pattern can be uniformly formed in an ideal shape.

【Effect of the invention】

As explained above, the method of smearing a specimen onto a medium according to the present invention involves rotating or moving the medium side and the specimen smearing means side relatively in a predetermined direction to smear the specimen in a fixed pattern. As a result, unlike manual smearing, it is uniform and work efficiency is significantly improved, and subsequent inspection work can be performed easily. Further, a plurality of specimen smearing means are provided for one medium, and these are rotated or moved relatively in a predetermined direction to smear each of the plurality of specimens in a fixed pattern, Since the rotation is a reciprocating rotation within a predetermined angular range and the movement is in a separate direction or in a parallel direction, even if a plurality of specimens are smeared on one petri dish, they will be neatly separated. This not only prevents errors in the subsequent testing process, but also halves the number of petri dishes used to hold specimens, thereby reducing material waste and making petri dish storage management easier. It also has various excellent effects. Furthermore, the apparatus for smearing a specimen onto a culture medium according to the present invention includes a table on which a Petri dish containing a culture medium is placed and which rotates back and forth within a predetermined angle range, and a table to which a specimen is attached and which can be moved and rotated in a predetermined direction. By having a configuration equipped with a smearing means, unlike manual smearing, an orderly smear pattern can be easily formed with mechanically scheduled sample *rJI without requiring any skill, which is an excellent effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the main parts of an embodiment of the smearing device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the reciprocating rotation of the table in the same device, and Fig. 3 is based on the 11th smearing method. An explanatory diagram showing a smear pattern, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a smear pattern by the second smear method, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a smear pattern by the same method as FIG. 4, and FIGS. The figures are explanatory diagrams showing smear patterns according to the first smear method when the number of sticks in the smear means is further increased, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing smear patterns according to another smear method, and FIG. 9 (A ) to (C) are process diagrams showing an example of smearing a specimen at a uniform concentration. 1...Table 3...Support member 5...Boss portions 7a, 7b...Hands 8a, 8b, 8C18d ・2 takes 2...
Axis 4... Workbench 6... Drive arm 9... Petri dish 10... Culture medium 11... Specimen

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A method for smearing a specimen onto a medium, which comprises rotating or moving the medium side and the specimen smearing means side relatively in a predetermined direction to smear the specimen in a fixed pattern. (2) Having multiple sample smearing means for one medium,
2. The specimen smearing method according to claim 1, wherein the specimens are smeared on each of the plurality of specimens in a fixed pattern by relatively rotating or moving these in a predetermined direction. (3) The rotation is a reciprocating rotation within a predetermined angular range,
Claims (1) and (2) wherein the movement is in a separating direction or in a parallel direction.
) Specimen smear method as described. (4) A table is placed on which a petri dish containing a culture medium is placed and rotates back and forth within a predetermined angle range, and a sample is attached to the table.
A device for smearing a specimen on a culture medium, comprising a specimen smearing means that can move and rotate in a predetermined direction. (5) The specimen smearing device according to claim 4, wherein the specimen smearing means comprises a stick and a hand that detachably holds the stick.