JPH03160191A - Side channel pump, impeller for use in said pump and manufacture of said impeller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enhance pump efficiency by providing the impeller of a side channel pump with blades which constitute a radially outer portion interacting with pump side channels in a pump casing and blades constituting an inner portion working to guide fluid into the pump. CONSTITUTION: This side channel pump 14 has an impeller 16 consisting of three sections 18-20 and freely rotationally supported within a pump casing 15. The radially outer section 18 has blades 21..., which constitute the radially outer portion 24 of the impeller 16 interacting with the side channels 26, 27 of the pump which are formed by the pump casing 15. The radially inner sections 19, 20 have respective blades 22..., 23..., which function as the radially inner portion 25 of the impeller which fluid communicates with a pump suction port 28, guiding the flow of fluid from the pump suction port 28 into the pump. The blade angles of the blades 22..., 23... are smaller than those of the blades 21....

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an improved side channel system.
) A pump or compressor, an impeller therefor, and a method of pumping fluid using a side-channel pump. The 4L vertical side channel pump or compressor is a regenerating fluid pumping device that can pump not only liquid but also two-phase fluids of gas and liquid. To put it simply, a side channel pump is a liquid ring pump.
) and a drag pump. A typical conventional side-channel pump is shown in Figure 1.
As shown in the figure, the side channel pump 1 includes a pump casing 2 and an impeller 3. The impeller 3 is formed with a plurality of blades 4 which are inclined forward in the direction of rotation of the impeller 3 as indicated by the arrow 5 in FIG. The degree to which the axially outer ends of the blades 8!4 are inclined forward in the direction of rotation is shown in FIG. 1 as the blade angle βS of the impeller blades. The impeller 3 is attached to the shaft 6 of the pump 1.
are keyed or otherwise attached so as to be rotatable about axis 7 of the The shaft 6 and impeller 3 are rotatably supported relative to the stationary pump casing 2 by bearings 8, which are schematically shown in FIG. The prime mover rotates the shaft 6 and impeller 3 to pump fluid. During operation of the side channel pump 1, the radially outer portion 9 of the impeller 3 passes through the side channel 10 formed by the pump casing 2.
, interacts with 11. A radially inner portion 12 of the impeller 3 is in fluid communication with a pump inlet 13 to direct fluid flow from the inlet 13 into the interior of the pump. The impeller, ie, the rotor 3, and the pump gating, ie, the stator 2, of this pump 1 are complex and three-dimensional. The main problem in manufacturing the bypass pump 1, as can be seen in FIG. Because of the difficulty in building or machining such blades 4, if they have a very flat angle, i.e. a small blade angle, some compromise is necessary in the degree of blade angle that can be made. It is said that As a result of this compromise, this known (l?!l-way pump) has a limited ability to pump liquid at very low pressures, i.e. the so-called effective suction head NPSH is limited for certain applications. Other examples of conventional pumps are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,678,395 and West German Patent Application DE 3,042,840.4 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an improved side passage pump and an impeller therefor that can solve the above-mentioned problems of conventional side passage pumps. The objective is to allow the impeller blades to be machined in the usual way, such as by milling, resulting in increased flexibility in the design of the impeller blades, thereby significantly improving the performance of the pump of the invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide an improved bypass pump and impeller therefor which solves the manufacturing problems mentioned above.The above and other objects of the present invention are achieved by a bypass pump according to the present invention. This bypass type pump includes a pump casing and an impeller that can rotate about an axis relative to the pump casing,
The impeller has vanes inclined forwardly along its direction of rotation, the pump casing forming at least one pump bypass, and a radially outer portion of the impeller defined by a pump gauging. and a radially inner portion of the impeller is in fluid communication with the pump inlet for directing fluid from the pump inlet into the interior of the pump. Furthermore, the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller extend axially outwardly than the ends of the vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller.

According to another feature of the invention, the blade angle at the end of the impeller blades in the radially inner part of the impeller is smaller than the blade angle of the impeller blades in the radially outer part of the impeller, so that the Performance, especially the suction performance of the impeller, can be optimized. As a result,
This pump has an improved ability to pump liquids at very low pressures. The vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller and the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller are individual vanes formed in individual sections of the impeller. Each section has a boss that is used for integral rotational attachment to a common shaft of the pump. In a preferred embodiment of the invention described below, said section includes a radially outer section supporting vanes on two opposite sides, the vanes on each side being a respective one of said radially outer section. Interacts with the corresponding pump shunt adjacent to the side. Also, two radially inner sections are arranged corresponding to each side of the radially outer section. Each of the radially inner sections has a radially inner vane for directing fluid flow from the pump suction into the interior of the pump. The entire radially outer vane is arranged radially outward from the inner diameter of the side channel. The number of radially inner blades is smaller than the number of radially outer blades. The number of radially outer vanes is an integral multiple of the number of radially inner vanes. The radially inner vanes are aligned and disposed in close proximity to their radially outer vane counterparts over their entire length so that they coincide in position. the outer ends of the radially inner vanes that extend axially outwardly than the ends of the radially outer vanes extend or slope more significantly forward than the vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller; A smaller blade angle improves suction performance and significantly improves pump performance.

As described herein, the impeller of the bypass pump is constructed from multiple sections, providing increased design flexibility. That is, the suction vane angle and the discharge vane angle can be selected separately, and at the same time, the optimum geometric shape can be obtained, the NPSH can be optimized, and the water head-discharge rate curve can be made into a suitable shape. can. Additionally, the use of multiple sections greatly reduces the radial blade depth (height), making the impeller easier to manufacture as the blades can be easily machined using traditional methods and the blade angle can be reduced. become. The impeller of the invention, which rotates about an axis in a bypass pump, therefore has impeller vanes that are inclined forward in the direction of rotation, the radially outer part of the impeller having at least one the radially inner portion of the impeller is adapted to act as an inducer for directing fluid flow from the pump suction port into the interior of the pump; The vanes extend axially outward from the ends of the impeller vanes of the radially outer portion. Due to this shape, the blades on the radially inner part of the impeller are
It can be adapted to match (i.e. have a similar external shape) the counterpart of the vanes in the radially outer portion of the impeller and can be placed in close proximity between the suction and discharge ports of the pump. An effective barrier can be maintained while the blade rotates beside the placed block seal. at the same time,
In this configuration, the outer ends of the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller may be formed to have a preferred smaller vane angle when compared to the vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller. A side passage pump comprising a pump casing and an impeller having vanes inclined forward along the direction of rotation, the pump casing forming at least one pump side passage, the impeller a radially outer portion of the impeller is adapted to interact with the at least one pump bypass during rotation, and a radially inner portion of the impeller acts as an inducer for directing fluid from the pump suction into the pump interior. The method according to the invention of manufacturing an impeller for said bypass pump, which is adapted to function, comprises: arranging the impeller blades of the radially inner part of the impeller to be more axially aligned than the ends of the impeller blades of the radially outer part of the impeller; the impeller blades in the radially inner portion of the impeller being smaller than the blade angle of the impeller blades in the radially outer portion of the impeller. ．． The impeller vanes of the radially inner portion and the radially outer portion are formed separately in corresponding sections of the impeller in the following preferred embodiments. These sections are also closely spaced adjacent to each other on the shaft of the pump and rotated together within the pump.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings depict a preferred embodiment of the invention for purposes of illustration only. Referring to FIGS. 2, 2A, 2B, 3, and 4, there is shown a bypass type pump 14 of the present invention. As shown, this pump 14 includes a pump casing 1
5, and an impeller 16 that can rotate about an axis 17 relative to the pump casing 15. Impeller 16 is shaped from three sections 18, 19 and 20. The radially outer section 18 has vanes 2l formed therein, these vanes 2
1 oval the radially outer part 24 of the impeller which interacts with the pump side channels 26, 27 formed by the pump casing 15. radially inner section 19;
20 each have vanes 22, 23 which act as a radially inner portion 25 of the impeller in fluid communication with the pump inlet 28 to direct fluid flow from the pump inlet 28 into the interior of the pump. lead.

radially outer section 18 and radially inner section 1
9 and 20 have bosses 29, 30 and 31, respectively, which allow each section to be integrally assembled to a shaft 32 and rotate in unison. Preferably, sections 18, 19, 20 are keyed to shaft 32 through the use of keyway 33 and key 34 in shaft 32.

Sections 18, 19, 20 are arranged along axis 1 of shaft 32.
7 and mounted closely together along the shaft 32
and a casing 15 arranged around the impeller 16
is maintained in that state. The shaft 32 is rotatably supported within the casing 15 by a bearing 35. The shaft 32 is rotatably driven by a prime mover (not shown).

The vanes 22, 23 of the radially inner portion 25 of the impeller 16 formed in the radially inner sections 19, 20 are
As can be seen from the drawings and FIG. 3, the impeller radially outer portion 24 extends axially outwardly from the end of the impeller blade 21 . The vane angle β6 relative to the direction of movement 36 at the outer ends of the vanes 22, 23 is adjusted to the corresponding vane angle β. It is made smaller than. This is possible because the radial vane depth of the vanes of the radially inner sections 19, 20 is significantly reduced when compared to the vanes 4 of the conventional pump of FIG. That is, by knowing the blade depth of 21iIi, the blades 22, 23 can be milled with a cutter having an axis perpendicular to the center line of the shaft. In other words, because of this feature of the invention, the depth of cut, the number of vanes and the size of the vane angle are made compatible with the milling technique used in the pump inducer.
On the other hand, the milling of the vanes 21 of the radially outer section 18 is carried out in a conventional manner, but is much easier since the radial dimensions of the vanes 21 are significantly reduced. The number of blades 22, 23 in the radially inner portion is determined by the number of blades 22, 23 in the radially inner portion. zl>frLX}F19
The number of outer blades 21 in the %JJII'l-14fg direction is an integral multiple of the number of inner blades 22 and 23. As shown in FIG. 3, the radially inner vanes 22, 23 are positioned and aligned adjacent to their radially outer vanes 21 throughout the length of the radially outer vane 21. Therefore, each adjacent blade is aligned in position. Moreover, the outer ends of the radially inner blades 22 and 23 extend beyond the ends of the radially outer blades 21 in the axial direction, and extend forward at a larger angle so that the blade angle is smaller. There is. The radially inner and outer vanes are adjacent to each other and are mounted in series so that an effective barrier exists at the block seal 37 of the pump casing 15 located between the pump suction port 28 and the pump discharge port 38. ing. For example, Sin. In a pump having an impeller 16 with an outer diameter of about 15.2 cm, when pumping water, the gap between the block seal 37 and the vane is 0.0 cm.
05-0.010in. (0.127~O'.254
A clearance of 1.5 mm) is typical for an effective barrier. There is generally a space between the inner and outer blades.
^^1: + t ^to h 7 ↓ ki / ^ ^ ri curvatureJ--1'l i There is a gap between S. In order to prevent free blow pie from the discharge port to the suction port, the circumferential length of the block seal 37 is longer than the blade pitch of the radially inner blades 22, 23.

The vanes 22 , 23 of the radially inner portion 25 have a much flatter vane angle than the vanes 21 of the radially outer portion 24 (25 degrees versus 45 degrees in this example), so that The number of vanes must be fairly small to allow space for milling cutters or other manufacturing tools. As a result, the circumferential length of the block seal 37 is longer than that of the conventional pump shown in FIG.
Reduce the arc length involved in causing pump head rise. Similarly, the circumferential length of the suction port 28 and discharge port 38 must be matched to the spacing of the rotor (impeller) blades as they move alongside these ports. Blade angle β. The smaller the value, the longer the arc portion occupied by the suction port and the discharge port.

All of these factors contribute to reducing the head rise that can occur in pump 14. However, the head rise provided by bypass pumps is usually large and the associated reduction does not pose a problem. Furthermore, if necessary, it can be compensated for by increasing the diameter of the pump impeller 16. Although the impeller 16 according to the invention can be used in side-channel pumps of the type shown in FIG. It flows radially outward into I#I10, 11 and does not flow to the impeller near the suction port 13. In conventional pump casings 2, fluid also flows radially inwardly from the side channel directly to a pump outlet (not shown) and not to the impeller adjacent to this pump outlet.

However, according to the features of the bypass pump of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2-4, partition means are provided to separate the bypass from the suction port and the discharge port, thereby separating the suction port from the bypass port. Fluid introduced through and discharged through the discharge port will flow radially outwardly and inwardly through the spaces between the impeller vanes, respectively.

As shown on the right side of the casing in FIG.
9. Another form of partitioning means is
There is something shown on the left side of Figure 2. In this embodiment, a ring 40 is coupled by welding or the like to the radially outer end of the vane 22 of the radially inner section 19 so as to rotate integrally with the impeller. Although two types of partition means are shown in FIG. 2 for purposes of illustration, it is preferable for balance to provide the same type of partition on both sides of the pump, i.e., either ring 40 or wall 39. preferable. The gap between the partition means and the adjacent impeller or gauging may be, for example, 6 inches when pumping water. (15.2c
+e) for impeller l6 with an outer diameter of 0.005~
0.010in. (0.127 to 0.254 one wheel), it is possible to effectively block the direct flow between the side passage and the port. The partition means allow this pump 14 to take full advantage of the centrifugal forces within the pump, aiding the pumping action by displacing all incoming flow into the space between the impeller vanes. Also, as mentioned above, by directly blocking the flow, the impeller is made effective over the entire circumference of the impeller adjacent to the side channel, including the portion of the impeller radially outward of the suction port. . This improves pressure build-up or wood head.

As will be appreciated from the above description, the bypass pump, impeller therefor, and impeller manufacturing method according to the present invention provides wide design flexibility in the impeller and pump ovals. That is, the suction vane angle and the discharge vane angle can be selected independently, and at the same time an optimal geometrical shape can be obtained, and the effective suction head can be optimized.
The head-discharge curve can be made into a suitable shape. The impeller can then be easily manufactured using conventional milling techniques to obtain a desirable small blade angle in the inducer portion of the impeller. Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, it will be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the details described above, and mere modifications and variations of the details should be considered as falling within the scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the casing and impeller of a conventional (l!! path type pump) taken along the axis of rotation. The figure shown in the lower part, Figure 2, is
Sectional view showing a part of the bypass type port according to the present invention, No. 2A
2 is a developed sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2 showing the radially outer portion of the impeller of the pump according to the present invention;
Figure B is a developed sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 2 showing the radially inner portion of the impeller of the pump according to the invention, and Figure 3 is the inner and outer blade rows of the impeller in Figure 2. and a block seal of the casing extending between the pump discharge port and the suction port;
The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I'V-fV of FIG. 3, showing the block seal of the casing surrounding the impeller edges in the radially inner and outer portions of the impeller. In the figure, 14... Side channel pump 15... Pump casing 16... Impeller 17...
Axis line 21...Outer blade 22.23...Inner blade 24...Radially external portion 25...Radially inner portion 26.27...Side passage 28...Suction port 37.・・Discharge port F/(;. /. FIG. 4.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A side channel pump comprising a pump casing and an impeller that can rotate about an axis with respect to the pump casing, the impeller tilting forward along the rotation direction of the impeller. the pump casing defining at least one pump bypass, the radially outer portion of the impeller being adapted to interact with the at least one pump bypass;
A radially inner portion of the impeller is in fluid communication with a pump suction port for directing fluid from the pump suction port into the interior of the pump, and a blade angle of the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller The side passage type pump has a blade angle smaller than a blade angle of the blade of the radially outer portion of the blade. 2. The bypass pump of claim 1, wherein the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller extend axially beyond the ends of the vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller. 3. The bypass pump according to claim 1, wherein the vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller and the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller are independent vanes. 4. said vanes of said radially inner portion are aligned with and disposed proximately over their entire length with said vanes of said radially outer portion; 4. A bypass pump according to claim 3, wherein the ends extend axially outwardly from the ends of the vanes of the radially outer portion to provide a smaller vane angle. 5. The bypass pump according to claim 3, wherein the individual vanes of the radially inner portion and the radially outer portion of the impeller are formed in separate sections of the impeller. 6. The bypass pump of claim 5, wherein each of said sections has a boss that attaches each of said sections to a common pump shaft. 7. The bypass pump according to claim 5, further comprising means for rotating said section integrally with said pump shaft. 8. said section includes a radially outer section supporting vanes on two opposite sides, said vanes on each side having a corresponding pump shunt adjacent to each side of said radially outer section; 6. A bypass pump according to claim 5, which interacts with each other. 9. The section further includes two radially inner sections, each disposed on a corresponding side of the radially outer section, each of the radially inner sections providing a flow from the pump inlet to the interior of the pump. Claim 8, further comprising supporting radially inner vanes for directing fluid flow.
Side channel pump as described. 10. The bypass pump according to claim 3, wherein the entire vane of the radially outer portion is located radially outward from the inner diameter of the at least one pump bypass. 11. The bypass type pump according to claim 3, wherein the number of blades in the radially inner portion is smaller than the number of blades in the radially outer portion. 12. The bypass type pump according to claim 11, wherein the number of blades in the radially outer portion is an integral multiple of the number of blades in the radially inner portion. 13. A bypass pump comprising a pump casing and an impeller that can rotate about an axis with respect to the pump casing, the impeller having blades that are inclined forward along the rotation direction of the impeller. the pump casing defines at least one pump bypass, a radially outer portion of the impeller is adapted to interact with the at least one pump bypass, and a radially inner portion of the impeller is adapted to interact with the at least one pump bypass; is in fluid communication with a pump suction port for directing fluid from the pump suction port into the interior of the pump, and the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller are in contact with the vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller. A bypass pump that extends axially outward from the end. 14. The vanes of the radially outer portion of the impeller and the vanes of the radially inner portion of the impeller are formed into separate sections of an impeller that are mounted on a common shaft for rotation as a unit. individual vanes, the number of vanes in the radially inner portion being smaller than the number of vanes in the radially outer portion;
The number of blades in the radially outer portion is an integral multiple of the number of blades in the radially inner portion, and the blades in the radially inner portion correspond to the blades in the radially outer portion. are aligned and proximate to each other over their entire length so that they coincide in position, and the outer ends of the vanes of the radially inner portion are the ends of the vanes of the radially outer portion. 14. The bypass type pump according to claim 13, wherein the bypass pump extends axially outward from the portion. 15. The pump casing includes a suction port and a discharge port spaced apart about the impeller;
A bypass type according to claim 14, wherein a block seal is provided between the suction port and the discharge port, and a circumferential length of the block seal is larger than a blade pitch of the blades in the radially inner portion. pump. 16, a ring is coupled to a radially outer portion of the vane of the radially inner portion of the impeller that extends axially outwardly than an end of the vane of the radially outer portion of the impeller; 14. A bypass system according to claim 13, wherein said ring rotates with said impeller within said pump and constitutes a partition means for blocking direct flow of fluid from a pump suction port to at least one pump bypass. pump. 17. An impeller rotating about an axis in a bypass pump, the impeller vanes being inclined forward in the direction of rotation of the impeller and interacting with at least one pump bypass during rotation. and a radially inner portion adapted to act as an inducer for directing fluid flow from a suction port of the pump into an interior of the pump; An impeller for a bypass type pump, wherein the impeller blades of the radially inner portion extend axially outward from the ends of the impeller blades of the radially outer portion. 18. The impeller for a bypass type pump according to claim 17, wherein a blade angle of an end of the impeller in the radially inner portion is smaller than a blade angle of the impeller blade in the radially outer portion. 19. The impeller blades of the radially outer portion and the impeller blades of the radially inner portion are independent blades formed in separate sections of the impeller, and these sections are integrated in the pump. 19. The impeller for a bypass pump according to claim 18, wherein the impeller is adapted to be rotated. 20, said section comprising a radially outer section supporting vanes on two opposite sides and two radially inner sections each disposed on a corresponding side of said radially outer section; The vanes on each side of the radially outer section interact with a corresponding pump bypass adjacent on each side of the radially outer section, and each of the radially inner sections 20. The impeller for a bypass pump according to claim 19, wherein the impeller supports radially inner vanes for guiding fluid flow therein. 21, the number of vanes in the radially inner portion is less than the number of vanes in the radially outer portion, and the number of vanes in the radially outer portion is the number of vanes in the radially inner portion; The impeller for a bypass type pump according to claim 20, wherein the impeller is an integral multiple of . 22. the vanes of the radially inner portion are aligned and proximate to the corresponding vanes of the radially outer portion over their entire length such that they coincide in position; 22. An impeller for a bypass pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein the outer ends of the vanes of the radially inner portion extend beyond the ends of the vanes of the radially outer portion to provide a smaller blade angle. 23. The radially outer section and the two radially inner sections each have a boss portion for mounting each section adjacent to each other on a common shaft of a bypass pump. Impeller for side channel pump. 24. A side channel pump comprising a pump casing and an impeller that can rotate about an axis with respect to the pump casing, the impeller having blades that are inclined forward along the rotation direction of the impeller. wherein the pump casing defines at least one pump bypass, a radially outer portion of the impeller is adapted to interact with the at least one pump bypass, and a radial diameter of the impeller is adapted to interact with the at least one pump bypass; A method of manufacturing an impeller for a bypass pump, wherein the direction inner portions are in fluid communication with a pump suction port for directing fluid from the pump suction port into the interior of the pump, wherein the impellers are adjacent to each other within the pump. forming the vanes of the radially outer portion and the radially inner portion of the impeller as separate impeller sections that are arranged and rotated together; and the radially inner portion of the impeller. the ends of the blades of the impeller extend axially outwardly from the ends of the blades of the radially outer portion of the impeller, such that the blade angle of the ends of the blades of the radially inner portion of the impeller A method for manufacturing an impeller for a bypass type pump, comprising the step of: making the blade angle smaller than the blade angle of the blade of the outer portion.